TYPES OF SENTENCES: SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX, and ...
TYPES OF SENTENCES: SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX, and COMPOUND-COMPLEX
A simple sentence consists of an independent clause, so it contains a subject and a verb. It does NOT contain either a dependent clause or another simple sentence. Examples of simple sentences –
short simple sentence: The dog barked.
long simple sentence: Leaning first this way and then that, the large tan dog with a wide black collar barked loudly at the full moon last night from under the lilac bush in the shadow of the north side of the house.
The simple sentence may have a compound subject: The dog and the cat howled.
It may have a compound verb: The dog howled and barked.
It may have a compound subject and a compound verb: The dog and the cat howled and yowled, respectively.
A compound sentence consists of two or more simple sentences joined by
(1) a comma followed by a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so): The dog barked, and the cat yowled.
(2) a semicolon: The dog barked; the cat yowled.
(3) a comma, but ONLY when the simple sentences are being treated as items in a series:
The dog barked, the cat yowled, and the rabbit chewed.
A complex sentence consists of a combination of an independent clause and a dependent clause. An example with a dependent clause:
The dog that was in the street howled loudly.
A student who is hungry would never pass up a hamburger.
An example with a subordinating conjunction creating the dependent clause (note the various positions of the dependent clause):
End: The dog howled although he was well fed.
Front: Because the dog howled so loudly, the student couldn't eat his hamburger.
Middle: The dog, although he was well fed, howled loudly.
Subordinating Connectors for Complex Sentences
|after |once |when |
|although |provided |whenever |
|as |rather than |where |
|as if |since |whereas |
|as long as |so that |wherever |
|as though |so that |whether |
|because |than |which |
|before |that |while |
|even though |though |who |
|if |till |whoever |
|now that |unless |whom |
| |until |whomever |
| |what |whose |
A compound-complex sentence consists of a combination of a compound sentence and a complex sentence.
As the dog howled, one cat sat on the fence, and the other licked its paws.
Practice
1. Pauline and Bruno have a big argument every summer over where they should spend their summer vacation.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
2. Pauline loves to go to the beach and spend her days sunbathing.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
3. Bruno, on the other hand, likes the view that he gets from the log cabin up in the mountains, and he enjoys hiking in the forest.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
4. Pauline says there is nothing relaxing about chopping wood, swatting mosquitoes, and cooking over a woodstove.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
5. Bruno dislikes sitting on the beach; he always gets a nasty sunburn.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
6. Bruno tends to get bored sitting on the beach, watching the waves, getting sand in his swimsuit, and reading detective novels for a week.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
7. This year, after a lengthy, noisy debate, they decided to take separate vacations.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
8. Bruno went to the White Mountains of New Hampshire, and Pauline went to Cape Cod.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
9. Although they are 250 miles apart, they keep in constant contact on the internet.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
10. Bruno took the desktop computer that he uses at work, and Pauline sits on the beach with her laptop computer, which she connects to the internet with a cellular phone.
A. Simple Sentence
B. Compound Sentence
C. Complex Sentence
D. Compound-Complex Sentence
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