McLean County Unit District No. 5



AP Psychology – Review Day #2Thursday, April 23rd, 2015For extra notes, review videos, and reading guides, go to lopez and click AP PSYCHOLOGYChapter #2: Biology of the Mind-Key Info: Neural communication, the nervous system, the endocrine system, parts of the brainNeurotransmitters are chemical messages that travel across the ______________Cell bodySynaptic gapAxonMyelin sheathThresholdIf a professor accused you of cheating on a test, your adrenal glands would probably release _____ into your bloodstreamEndorphinsAcetylcholineSeratoninEpinephrineInsulinWhich region of your brainstem plays a role in arousing you to a state of alertness when someone nearby mentions your name?Reticular formationCerebellumHypothalamusAmygdalaMedullaThe process of anticipating that you will be punished for misbehaving takes place within the _______Limbic systemSensory cortexReticular formationAssociation areasSympathetic nervous systemAddictive drug cravings are likely to be associated with reward centers in the ___________ThalamusCerebellumReticular formationLimbic systemAngular gyrusResting potential is to action potential as _____________ is to ___________________Association area; neural networkSensory neuron; motor neuronTemporal lobe; occipital lobePolarization; depolarizationRight hemisphere; left hemisphereThe capacity of one brain area to take over the functions of another damaged brain area is known as_____TomographyPhrenologyHemispherectomyPlasticityAphasiaChapter #3: States of Consciousness (2-4% of AP Exam)-Key Info: Cognitive neuroscience; sleep cycles; dreaming; hypnosis; drugs and their impact on consciousnessBecause she was listening to the news on the radio, Mrs. Schultz didn’t perceive a word her husband was saying. Her experience best illustrates ________________Perceptual adaptationChange blindnessRelative clarityThe phi phenomenonThe cocktail party effectThree hours after going to sleep, Shoshanna’s heart rate increases, her breathing becomes more rapid, and her eyes move rapidly under her closed lids. Research suggests that Shoshanna is ___________DreamingEntering the third stage of sleepReady to sleepwalkExhibiting a sleep spindleExperiencing a night terrorA brief 15-30 minute rush of euphoria followed by a crash of agitated depression is most closely associated with the use of ______________MarijuanaCocaineLSDBarbituratesMorphineShane, a straight-A student, remembers dreaming that he failed an important chemistry test. According to Freud, Shane’s account represents the ___________ content of his dreamParadoxicalManifestDelusionalLatentDissociatedWhich of the following is true of alcohol?In large doses, it is a depressant; it small doses, it is a stimulantIn large doses, it is a stimulant; in small doses, it is a depressantIn large doses, it is a hallucinogen; in small doses, it is a depressantIn large doses, it is a stimulant; in small doses it is a stimulantIn large doses, it is a depressant; in small doses, it is a depressantJust prior to awakening Chinua from a hypnotic state, the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he reached for a cigarette. Chinua’s therapist was attempting to make use of ___Age regressionPosthypnotic suggestionHypnagogic sensationsREM ReboundA hidden observerAn altered state of consciousness in which people experience fantastic images and often feel separated from their bodies is most closely associated with the use of ______________HeroinCocaineBarbituratesMarijuanaLSDCircadian rhythm refers to _______The pattern of emotional ups and downs we routinely experienceA pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24-hour cycleThe experience of sleep apnea following an extensive transoceanic flightThe cycle of five distinct stages that we experience during a normal night’s sleepA pattern of brain waves that occur during sleepChapter #8 and #9: Cognition (Memory and Thinking) (8-10% of AP Exam)-Key Info: Encoding; storage; retrieval; forgetting; construction of memories; How we think; the use of language; animals’ thinking and languageOur inability to remember information presented in the seconds just before we fall asleep is most likely due to ___________Motivated forgettingThe misinformation effectRetroactive interferenceEncoding failureLong-term potentiationBy creating an outline in which specific facts and theories are located within the larger framework of major topics and subtopics, Jasmine can remember much more of what she reads in her college textbooks. This best illustrates the benefits of __________Hierarchical organizationThe method of lociThe serial position effectAutomatic processingThe spacing effectHearing the word “rabbit” may lead people to spell the spoken word “hair” as “h-a-r-e.” This best illustrates the outcome of a process known as _____________ChunkingRetroactive interferenceThe method of lociRepressionPrimingAustin can’t remember Jack Smith’s name because he wasn’t paying attention when Jack was formally introduced. Austin’s poor memory is best explained in terms of _____________Storage decayProactive interferenceEncoding failureRetroactive interferenceSource amnesiaIn testing thousands of different materials for use as light bulb filaments, Thomas Edison best illustrates a problem-solving technique known as __________The representativeness heuristicTrial and errorFunctional fixednessThe confirmation biasBelief perseveranceBy encouraging people to imagine their homes being destroyed by a fire, insurance salespeople are especially successful at selling large homeowners’ policies. They are most clearly exploiting the influence of ___________Belief perseveranceThe representativeness heuristicOverconfidenceThe availability heuristicFunctional fixednessA European visitor to the United States asked a taxi driver, “Can you please a ride to the airport me give?” This visitor has apparently not yet mastered the ________ of the English languagephonemesSyntaxSemanticsPhenotypesNomenclaturePeople are less upset when they miss getting an early payment discount than when they are asked to bear a late payment surcharge. This best illustrates the importance of ______________Belief perseveranceConfirmation biasFramingFunctional fixednessChapter #13: Personality (5-7% of AP Exam)-Key Info: Psychoanalytic perspective; humanistic perspective; trait perspective; social-cognitive perspectiveA boy’s sexual desires for his mother and feelings of hostility toward his father constitute what Freud called ____________Reaction formationThe Oedipus ComplexReciprocal determinismAn oral fixationDisplacementEmma believes she will succeed in business if she works hard and carefully manages her time. Her belief most clearly illustrates ______________Reaction formationReciprocal determinismUnconditional positive regardThe self-reference phenomenonInternal locus of controlThe humanistic perspective is to Maslow as the social-cognitive perspective is to ____________AllportRogersAdlerBanduraJungAlthough Garth wants to interact sexually with his girlfriend, he also want stop avoid premarital sex. Freud would have suggested that both desires might be partially satisfied by Garth’s ___________EgoProjectionIdSugeregoOedipus complexThe defense mechanism where self-justifying explanations replace the real, unconscious reasons for actions is known as ______________ProjectionReaction formationRationalizationDisplacementIdentificationCarl Jung referred to a shared reservoir of memory traces from our species history as the ___________Self-reference phenomenonDefense mechanismCollective unconsciousPsychosexual stagesSuperegoMorris is hostile, aggressive, and socially destructive. According to Carl Rogers, this behavior pattern results from __________Reciprocal determinismCultural influencesInborn personality trailsThe collective unconsciousAn internal locus of controlWhich perspective most clearly emphasizes the interactive influences of traits and situations on human behavior?Trait perspectivePsychoanalytic perspectiveSocial-cognitive perspectiveHumanistic perspectiveFunctionalist perspective ................
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