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APUSH Period 7 Mini Test #1Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.____1.Progressive reformers attempted to ease corruption in state governments by adding which of the following to a number of state constitutions?a.The initiative processb.Bicameral legislaturesc.Presidential term limitsd.The direct election of governors____2.Which region of the world accounted for the most substantial number of international migrants to the United States between 1890 and 1920?a.Western Europeb.Southeastern Europec.Latin Americad.Asia____3.Which labor leader was arrested and convicted during World War I for violating the Espionage Act of 1917?a.“Mother” Mary Harris Jonesb.Walter Reutherc.Eugene Debsd.Samuel Gompers____4.Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer is best known for his association with thea.Lindbergh kidnapping case.b.Scopes “Monkey Trial.”c.Teapot Dome Scandal.d.Red Scare.____5.The “Great Migration” of African Americans out of the South during World War I was spurred primarily bya.racial violence.b.a devastating drought in the South.c.the growth of industrial jobs in the North.d.the Harlem Renaissance.____6.Which labor union’s leaders were a primary target of prosecution and deportation during the Red Scare?a.The American Federation of Laborb.The Industrial Workers of the Worldc.The United Mine Workersd.The Congress of Industrial Organizations____7.Who authored the Frontier Thesis, which stated that the United States’ western frontier was “closed”?a.Theodore Rooseveltb.Frederick Jackson Turnerc.William Randolph Hearstd.William McKinley____pared to the Spanish-American War, the Philippine Insurrection wasa.longer but less deadly.b.shorter but less deadly.c.longer and more deadly.d.shorter and more deadly.____9.Following a series of raids on American towns and citizens led by Pancho Villa’s forces, the United Statesa.invaded northern Mexico.b.established a naval blockade of Mexican ports.c.blamed Germany for the actions of Villa.d.cut diplomatic relations with Mexico.____10.“He Kept Us Out of War” was a slogan during the presidential reelection campaign ofa.William McKinley.b.Theodore Roosevelt.c.William Taft.d.Woodrow Wilson.____11.Who was President Wilson’s strongest opponent during the debates over ratification of the Treaty of Versailles?a.William Jennings Bryanb.Eugene Debsc.Henry Cabot Lodged.Warren HardingUse the excerpt below for questions 12-14“Wilson’s arrival in the White House in 1913 was a perfect instance of Victor Hugo’s saying, ‘Nothing is more powerful than an idea whose time has come.’ Since the Civil War, the United?States had become by far the world’s richest country, with an industrial economy which made all others on earth seem small, and it had done so very largely through the uncoordinated efforts of thousands of individual entrepreneurs. The feeling had grown that it was time for the community as a whole, using the resources of the United States Constitution, to impose a little order on this new giant and to dress him in suitable clothes, labeled ‘The Public Interest.’ Theodore Roosevelt had already laid out some of these clothes, and Wilson was happy to steal them.”Paul Johnson, A History of the American People, 1997Paul Johnson, A History of the American People (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1997), 634.____12.In the early 1900s, which of the following groups most supported the political changes described in the excerpt above?a.Large corporationsb.Imperialistsc.Progressivesd.Recent migrants from southern and eastern Europe____13.Many of those who supported Wilson’s efforts to “impose a little order on this new giant” were also eager toa.preserve the social dominance of rural America.b.strengthen the power of the states in the face of growing federal power.c.keep all levels of government from getting involved in any social problems facing Americans.d.see an expansion of democratic principles throughout the government.____14.Which of the following events represents a continuation of the actions described in the passage above?a.Franklin Roosevelt’s efforts to bolster regulation of the banking system in the 1930sb.Lyndon Johnson’s support of the Civil Rights Act of 1964c.Harry Truman’s attempt to contain communism following World War IId.Ronald Reagan’s attempt to shrink “big government” in the 1980sUse the excerpt below for questions 15 and 16“The year of the massacre at Wounded Knee, 1890, it was officially declared by the Bureau of the Census that the internal frontier was closed. The profit system, with its natural tendency for expansion, had already begun to look overseas. The severe depression that began in 1893 strengthened an idea developing with the political and financial elite of the country: that overseas markets for American goods might relieve the problem of underconsumption at home and prevent the economic crises that in the 1890s brought class war.”Howard Zinn, “A People’s History of the United States, 1492–Present,” 1995Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States (New York: Harper Perennial, 1995), 290.____15.Which of the following events in the late 19th and early 20th centuries resulted from the idea described in the passage above?a.The creation of Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal programsb.America’s initial neutrality in World War Ic.President Wilson’s support for the League of Nationsd.The acquisition of island territories by the United States____16.What factor most influenced “the tendency for expansion” noted in Zinn’s passage above?a.The extension of public control over natural resourcesb.The migration of large numbers of European immigrants to the United States throughout the 19th centuryc.The rise of Populism in the late 19th centuryd.The transition of the United States from a rural, agricultural society to an urban, industrial oneUse the following 1917 U.S. government poster for questions 17-19Government PosterLibrary of Congress____17.Which of the following early 20th-century cultural conflicts most directly contradicted the scene portrayed in the image above?a.Idealism versus disillusionmentb.Native-born versus new immigrantsc.Urban versus rurald.Fundamentalism versus modernism____18.Which of the following federal actions during World War I most directly undercut the message of the poster above?a.Restrictions on freedom of speechb.A ban on all immigration to the United Statesc.Limiting African American migration to northern citiesd.Outlawing labor union activities such as strikes____19.In 1917, President Wilson brought the United States into World War I based on his stated intention toa.spread American culture and norms to others.b.expand America’s military and economic presence in Europe.c.defend humanitarian and democratic principles.d.pursue a unilateral foreign policy.Use the photograph below for questions 20-22Highland Park Ford Assembly Plant, c. 1908Courtesy: CSU Archives / Everett Collection____20.The scene depicted in the photograph above was made possible bya.new technologies and manufacturing techniques.b.new economic opportunities for women.c.greater market and credit stability.d.a decline in the domination of the United States economy by large corporations.____21.While industries such as the one in the photograph above led to increasing conflicts between management and labor from 1890 to 1930, they also contributed toa.a decrease in tensions between native-born and new immigrants.b.better relations between the races.c.improved standards of living.d.an economy much less prone to economic distress.____22.How did Progressive reformers attempt to better the lives of workers such as those in the photograph above?a.Progressives pushed for a transition from a rural, agricultural society to an urban, industrial one.b.Progressives called for less government intervention in the economy.c.Progressives focused their reform efforts exclusively at the local level in order to assist workers more directly.d.Progressives urged the creation of new organizations aimed at addressing social problems associated with an industrial society.Use the 1919 political cartoon below by James P. Alley for questions 23-25Anarchist Political Cartoon____23.The concern illustrated in the cartoon above was most consistent with support fora.restrictive immigration quotas.b.Progressive reforms.c.U.S. entry into World War I.d.labor unions.____24.Which of the following events most directly contributed to the attitudes expressed in the cartoon above?a.The debate over the League of Nations in the United States following World War Ib.The expansion of freedom of speech during World War Ic.Labor strikes which disrupted society following World War Id.The shortage of an inexpensive supply of labor____25.The cartoon above is best understood in the context ofa.the Great Migration.b.the Red Scare.c.American imperialism.d.the Treaty of Versailles.Use the excerpt below for questions 26-28. “With a profound sense of the solemn and even tragical character of the step I am taking and of the grave responsibilities which it involves, but in unhesitating obedience to what I deem my constitutional duty, I advise that the Congress declare the recent course of the Imperial German Government to be in fact nothing less than war against the…United States; that it formally accept the status of belligerent which has thus been thrust upon it….Neutrality is no longer feasible or desirable where the peace of the world is involved and the freedom of its peoples, and the menace to that peace and freedom lies in the existence of autocratic governments…not by the will of their people. We shall, happily, still have an opportunity to prove that friendship…towards the millions of men and women of German birth and native sympathy, who live amongst us…and we shall be proud to prove it towards all who are in fact loyal to their neighbors and to the Government….They are, most of them, as true and loyal Americans as if they had never known any other…allegiance. If there should be disloyalty, it will be dealt with a firm hand of stern repression….”Woodrow Wilson, Address to Congress’s War, April 2, 1917Woodrow Wilson, War Messages, 65th Cong., 1st Sess. Senate Doc. No. 5, Serial No. 7264, Washington, D.C., 1917.____26.In the excerpt above, President Wilson signaled a willingness to abandon which long-held American policy?a.The expansion of American culture and norms to other nationsb.Overseas expansionismc.Advancing democratic idealsd.Noninvolvement in European affairs____27.Which of the following took place during World War I in response to Wilson’s assurance made at the end of the excerpt above?a.Restrictions on freedom of speechb.The first Red Scarec.Restrictions on immigration from nations in the Western Hemisphered.The internment of Japanese Americans____28.Which foreign policy approach is most consistent with the sentiments expressed by Wilson in the excerpt above?a.The pursuit of a unilateral foreign policyb.The United States taking a leading military role in the warc.The maintaining of isolationism by the United Statesd.The defense of humanitarian and democratic principlesUse the political cartoon below for questions 29-32Image Source: Wikicommons. N.p., n.d. Web____29.The sentiments expressed in the image above are most consistent with those expressed toward which immigrant group below?a.The Irish in the 1840sc.The Scots-Irish in the 1800sb.The Germans in the 1790sd.The Chinese in the late 1800s____30.Which group was most likely the intended audience of the cartoon above?a.New Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe of the early 20th century.c.Hispanic Immigrants of the early 21st century.b.Irish Immigrants of the mid 19th century.d.Scots-Irish Immigrants of the 18th century.____31.The ideas expressed in the image above most directly reflect which of the following continuities in American history?a.Debates about how immigration changes the concept American identity over time.c.The rapid demographic change from a predominantly rural America to an urban America.b.Debates over whether the Congress or the Presidency controlled immigration policy in the United States.d.Social tensions created by increased internal migrations in the United States.____32.The cartoon above was most likely a reaction to which of the following?a.Fear of communists infiltrating organized labor in the late 19th century.c.Anarchist bombings linked to the urban labor strife in the late 19th century.b.Changing demographics ethnically, religiously, and culturally in the United States during the early 20th century.d.Congressional legislation clearing a quicker route to U.S. citizenship in the 1920s for New Immigrants.Use the excerpt below for questions 33-35“The working class and the employing class have nothing in common. There can be no peace so long as hunger and want are found among millions of the working people and the few, who make up the employing class, have all the good things of life.Between these two classes a struggle must go on until the workers of the world organize as a class, take possession of the means of production, abolish the wage system, and live in harmony with the Earth.”--Industrial Workers of the World. (1914). Preamble and constitution of the Industrial Workers of the World: organized July 7, 1905 : as adopted 1905, and amended by conventions and ratified by referendum votes, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914. Chicago: I.W.W.____33.The passage above was most likely a response toa.the growing domination of large corporations in the U.S. economy.c.continued fears of how immigration was changing American identity during the late 19th century.b.declining public trust in the government.d.ongoing debates about the protections of civil liberties for union workers.____34.The sentiments expressed in the excerpt above resulted in which of the following during this time period?a.A “Great Migration” of African Americans seeking work in unionized factories of the North during the first World War.c.America’s first “Red Scare” that legitimized attacks on immigrants and radical leaders of the labor movement.b.The gradual decline of union membership in the early 20th century caused by radical ideas expressed by the I.W.W.d.Increased internal migration of American workers towards unionized factories in hopes of finding better wages.____35.The ideas expressed in the passage above most directly reflect which of the following continuities in American history?a.Debates about the size and scope of the federal government’s power.c.Fears of communism replacing capitalism via violent revolution.b.Debates about economic divisions and inequalities within American society.d.Debates about the definition and extension of democratic ideals.Use the photograph below for questions 36-38."The Great War and the New Era."National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 01 Oct. 2014. Used by permission.____36.The ideas expressed in the image above most directly led to political controversies overa.American participation in World War I. c.extension of democratic ideals.b.growing debates over national identity.d.declining public trust in the government.____37.The sentiments of the image above are most clearly a continuation of what event or processes below?a.Women’s involvement in the reforms movements inspired by the Second Great Awakening.c.Progressive movements to address social problems associated with an industrial society.b.The civil rights movement to protect the civil liberties of former slaves after the Civil War.d.Technological change and modernization of the early 20th century.____38.The call for self-government called for on the banner pictured above was accomplished in the United States asa.One state at a time slowly gave women the right to vote in the early 20th century.c.the Supreme Court ruled that denying women the right to vote was unconstitutional in 1920.b.a constitutional amendment prohibited any state to deny the right to vote on account of sex.d.Congress passed legislation granting women the right to vote in federal elections in 1935.Use the political cartoon below for questions 39-41."The President's Dream of A Successful Hunt" Clifford Kennedy Berryman, 1907. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web.____39.Which of the following was most likely a significant cause of the sentiments depicted in the cartoon above?a.Demand by Progressive reformers to create a stronger financial regulatory system.c.Corporate consolidation and abuse of power during the Gilded Age.b.Environmentalist lobbying for greater conservation of natural resources.d.Progressive action to investigate political corruption in the early 20th century.____40.The policies illustrated in excerpt above were most clearly contrary toa.Laissez Faire economic systems of the Gilded Age.ernment regulation of air quality today.b.Financial restraints place on American banks during the Great Depression.d.Federal control of the National Park system.____41.A continuation of the policies alluded to in the cartoon would best be exemplified bya.Rulings of the Supreme Court that applied the protections of the 14th amendment to corporations.c.Supreme Court decisions that applied the Sherman Anti-trust Act to unions when the efforts of organized labor resulted in “restraint of trade.”ernmental efforts to break up monopolistic giants such as the American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) company or Standard Oil.d.De-regulation of the telecommunications industry in the 1980s to increase competition and lower prices for all consumers.Use the excerpt below for questions 42-44"Chronic wrongdoing . . . may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation," .. "and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power."-Theodore Roosevelt 1904____42.The ideas expressed in the passage above most directly led toa.an American victory in the Spanish-American War.c.an expanded American military presence in the Caribbean from this point forward.b.considerable debate over America’s role in the Philippines after the Spanish-American War.d.the formation of the League of Nations after the First World War.____43.The speech above best reflects which of the following emerging trends in United States history during the 20th century?a.A retreat to isolationism.c.The use of racial theories of white superiority to justify American subjugation of non-white populations in the Pacific.b.America’s emerging status as a world power.d.American leadership in establishing an international organization to protect and promote world peace.____44.Which group below was most likely the intended audience of the speech above?a.American imperialistsc.European imperialistsb.American anti-imperialistsd.Members of the League of NationsUse the excerpt below for questions 45-47“Sec. 3. Whoever, when the United States is at war, shall willfully make or convey false reports or false statements with intent to interfere with the operation or success of the military or naval forces of the United States, .. shall willfully cause or attempt to cause, or incite or attempt to incite, insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny, or refusal of duty, in the military or naval forces of the United States, or shall willfully obstruct or attempt to obstruct the recruiting or enlistment services of the United States, and whoever, when the United States is at war, shall willfully utter, print, write or publish any disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language about the form of government of the United States or the Constitution of the United States, or the military or naval forces of the United States, or the flag of the United States, or the uniform of the Army or Navy of the United States into contempt, scorn, contumely, or disrepute, or shall willfully utter, print, write, or publish any language intended to incite, provoke, or encourage resistance to the United States,..”--"Sedition Act of 1918."____45.Which group from an earlier period in American history would most likely have supported the sentiments expressed in the passage above?a.Anti-Federalists of the early republic opposed to ratification of the Constitution.c.Democratic supporters of the policies of Andrew Jackson.b.Federalist opponents of the policies of Thomas Jefferson.d.Critics of the Federalist policies of Alexander Hamilton.____46.The ideas expressed in the passage above most directly reflect which of the following continuities in American history?a.Debates about the size and scope of the federal government’s power during times of war.c.Debates about the limiting the military power of the chief executive.b.Debates about the war-making powers granted by the Constitution.d.Debates about the definition and extension of democratic ideals.____47.The most common targets of prosecution under the Sedition Act of 1918 werea.American artists and movie stars of the 1920s.c.Republican Congressmen opposed to the policies of Woodrow Wilson.b.Foreign journalists covering American participation in the first World War.d.Leaders of organized labor during World War I that encouraged workers to strike for better wages and working conditions. ................
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