2014 Demographic Profile of Maine
2014 Demographic Profile of MaineDemographic Profile of Minority Populations 2014MinoritiesBased on the 2010 U.S. Census data, Maine has a small minority population that is geographically spread across the state with concentrations in the urbanized areas served by direct recipient transit systems. The summary table below shows white and non-white populations for each of the counties. Non-white populations include Black or African American, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and Some Other Race. Maine as a whole has a minority population of 3.3%. Approximately 70% of Maine’s minority population lives in four counties:Androscoggin County: 5,732 people, of whom 5,017 people, or 88%, live in Auburn and LewistonCumberland County: 15,502 people, of whom 11,790, or 76%, live in Portland, Westbrook, South Portland and Scarborough. Penobscot County: 4,882, of whom 3,035, or 62%, live in Bangor, Brewer, Old Town, Orono, Veazie and Hampden. York County: 4,443 people, of whom 1,536, or 35%, live in Biddeford, Saco and Old Orchard Beach. Outside of these populated areas, there is only one county that exceeds the 5% threshold in its county. That is Washington County where larger concentrations of Native American communities exist. Washington County has a larger rate of minority population because of Passamaquoddy Nation and some Penobscot and Maliseet presence. Census tract data shows that there are also concentrations in Aroostook County where the Maliseet Nation is located. The Penobscot Nation is located in Penobscot County. State of MaineRace Demographics by State/CountyCountyTotal PopulationWhite#Minority#Minority%Maine1,328,3611,284,87743,4843.3%Androscoggin107,702101,9705,7325.3%Aroostook71,87069,6922,1783.0%Cumberland281,674266,17215,5025.5%Franklin30,76830,3813871.3%Hancock54,41853,3491,0692.0%Kennebec122,151119,4792,6722.2%Knox39,73639,1206161.6%Lincoln34,45734,0024551.3%Oxford57,83356,8509831.7%Penobscot153,923149,0414,8823.2%Piscataquis17,53517,2023331.9%Sagadahoc35,29334,5277662.2%Somerset52,22851,3998291.6%Waldo38,78638,2165701.5%Washington32,85630,7892,0676.3%York197,131192,6884,4432.6%2010 Census File QT-P5The following Map identifies minority populations by county. Non-American National OriginThe map representing data on the national origin of Maine residents is similar in many ways to the maps of minorities. The core of Cumberland County again has the highest totals and the whole southern area has higher numbers than the rest of the state. The Saint John River Valley also has several towns in the upper categories. Towns along the Canadian border show up more prominently in this map than the minorities map, reflecting a higher representation of French Canadians. The map of concentrations of non-American born residents shows many of these Canadian border towns with percentages higher than the state average, though most of these towns are sparsely populated. Cumberland and Androscoggin Counties have concentrations of non-natives, due to the Maine Refugee Resettlement Program centered in Portland (Cumberland County.) and Lewiston (Androscoggin County). There are relatively few towns in the western and eastern areas of the state with concentrations of non-natives, other than clusters around Augusta and Bangor. State of MaineNative and Foreign Born Population CountyTotal PopulationNative Born#Native Born%Foreign Born#Foreign Born%Maine1,328,3201,283,03596.6%45,2853.4%Androscoggin107,634107,63496.9%3,3563.1%Aroostook71,23067,94995.4%3,2814.6%Cumberland283,046266,52394.2%16,5235.8%Franklin30,66030,01697.9%6442.1%Hancock54,55752,91897.0%1,6393.0%Kennebec121,757118,96397.7%2,7942.3%Knox39,69438,63997.3%1,0552.7%Lincoln34,29733,45997.6%8382.4%Oxford57,65756,53198.0%1,1262.0%Penobscot153,649149,55997.3%4,0902.7%Piscataquis17,34317,12398.7%2201.3%Sagadahoc35,19434,40897.8%7862.2%Somerset51,94251,04498.3%8981.7%Waldo38,81938,03998.0%7802.0%Washington32,62131,44696.4%1,1753.6%York198,220192,14096.9%6,0803.1%Source: 2009-2013 American Community Survey, File DP02The following Map identifies non-native populations by county. Low IncomeAs a rural state without a large base of high-paying jobs—outside of Cumberland and Androscoggin Counties— poverty is more widespread in Maine than any of the other factors considered in the Title VI program. In the 2009-2013 American Community Survey some 180,652 people are estimated to be in households that have incomes below the federal poverty threshold. (In dollar terms, that threshold varies by household size). This number represents about 13% of the population for whom it is possible to determine poverty status. In comparison, 4.7% of residents are minorities, and 3.3 % of residents were not born in the United States. The highest concentration of low income people reside in Cumberland County with 32,267 people. The cost of living and more urban settings reflect higher service needs in these areas. In spite of the high number of low-income people in Cumberland and Androscoggin Counties the percentages of people in poverty in most of these communities is below the state average. The highest percentages of low income per county are the rural counties of Washington, Piscataquis and Aroostook. State of MaineLow-income Levels CountyTotal Population# Persons below Poverty Level *% Persons below Poverty LevelMaine1,328,320180,65213.6%Androscoggin107,63416,79115.6%Aroostook71,23011,61016.3%Cumberland283,04632,26711.4%Franklin30,6604,78315.6%Hancock54,5577,63814.0%Kennebec121,75716,31513.4%Knox39,6944,28710.8%Lincoln34,2974,01311.7%Oxford57,6578,59114.9%Penobscot153,64926,12017.0%Piscataquis17,3433,20818.5%Sagadahoc35,1943,90711.1%Somerset51,9429,24617.8%Waldo38,8196,36616.4%Washington32,6216,36119.5%York198,22018,8319.5%Source: 2009-2013 American Community Survey, File DP03 *number calculated from percentage in File DP03The following Map identifies low-income populations by county. ................
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