Xv6 - DRAFT as of September 4, 2018
xv6
a simple, Unix-like teaching operating system
Russ Cox
Frans Kaashoek
Robert Morris
xv6-book@pdos.csail.mit.edu
Draft as of September 4, 2018
Contents
0
Operating system interfaces
1
Operating system organization
17
2
Page tables
29
3
Traps, interrupts, and drivers
39
4
Locking
51
5
Scheduling
61
6
File system
75
7
Summary
93
A PC hardware
95
B The boot loader
99
Index
DRAFT as of September 4, 2018
7
105
3
Foreword and acknowledgements
This is a draft text intended for a class on operating systems. It explains the main concepts of operating systems by studying an example kernel, named xv6. xv6 is a re-implementation of Dennis Ritchie¡¯s and Ken Thompson¡¯s Unix Version 6 (v6). xv6 loosely follows the structure and style of v6, but is implemented in ANSI C for an x86based multiprocessor.
The text should be read along with the source code for xv6. This approach is inspired
by John Lions¡¯s Commentary on UNIX 6th Edition (Peer to Peer Communications; ISBN: 1-57398-013-7; 1st edition (June 14, 2000)). See for
pointers to on-line resources for v6 and xv6, including several hands-on homework assignments using xv6.
We have used this text in 6.828, the operating systems class at MIT. We thank the faculty, teaching assistants, and students of 6.828 who have all directly or indirectly contributed to xv6. In particular, we would like to thank Austin Clements and Nickolai
Zeldovich. Finally, we would like to thank people who emailed us bugs in the text or
suggestions for provements: Abutalib Aghayev, Sebastian Boehm, Anton Burtsev,
Raphael Carvalho, Rasit Eskicioglu, Color Fuzzy, Giuseppe, Tao Guo, Robert Hilderman, Wolfgang Keller, Austin Liew, Pavan Maddamsetti, Jacek Masiulaniec, Michael
McConville, miguelgvieira, Mark Morrissey, Harry Pan, Askar Safin, Salman Shah, Ruslan Savchenko, Pawel Szczurko, Warren Toomey, tyfkda, and Zou Chang Wei.
If you spot errors or have suggestions for improvement, please send email to Frans
Kaashoek and Robert Morris (kaashoek,rtm@csail.mit.edu).
DRAFT as of September 4, 2018
5
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