Name:_______________________________________ Date ...



Name:_______________________________________ Date:________________ Period:_________

|Muscular System |   |[pic] |

|By Sharon Fabian | | |

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1     Muscles aren't just for bodybuilders. Each one of us has over 600 muscles that do everything from running and jumping to smiling and frowning. And that's just the beginning. Muscles allow us to breathe and digest our food. Muscles keep our blood pumping.

 

2     There are three main types of muscles -- smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and skeletal muscles. Another way to group muscles is into two groups -- voluntary and involuntary. Voluntary muscles are the ones that we move when we want to. Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles. They include arm and leg muscles. Involuntary muscles are the ones that keep working on their own without our having to do anything. Cardiac muscles, which are the heart muscles, and smooth muscles, including stomach muscles and tiny muscles in the walls of blood vessels, are involuntary muscles.

 

3     Tendons connect the muscles in your arms to your arm bones. They make your arm move by pulling on the bone. Muscles can't push; they can only pull. So you have pairs of muscles in your arms. The muscle on one side pulls your arm bone to lift up. The muscle on the other side pulls to reach down. Maybe you will recognize some of these muscle names:

|deltoids--in your shoulders |

|pectorals--in your upper chest |

|abdominals--near your abdomen ( stomach) |

|biceps--in your upper arms |

|quadriceps--in your upper legs |

 

4     You also have strong muscles in your back that are good for lifting and pushing. There are muscles in your neck that let you rotate your head in different directions. In your face, there are lots of little muscles. You use these to talk, and to make tiny movements that give you different facial expressions. The tongue is a group of muscles, too.

 

5     Heart muscles, also called the myocardium, are strong muscles that tighten up to pump blood out of the heart, and then relax to let blood flow back into the heart after it has made its trip around the body. Heart muscles are involuntary. They are controlled by your brain and nerves without any effort on your part.

 

6     Involuntary muscles in your stomach move your food around to make the digestive process work. They push food from your stomach into your intestines, and sometimes when you are sick, they push food back up into your esophagus and you throw up.

 

7     Involuntary muscles make your eyes blink. You probably don't even notice that you are blinking most of the time. Scientists have estimated that eye muscles move about 100,000 times each day.

 

8     Like other parts of your body, muscles are made of cells. The cells that make up a muscle are called muscle fibers, and there can be hundreds, or thousands, of them in one muscle. Your six hundred and some muscles make up a large part of your whole body. In fact, up to about half of your total body weight may be muscle, so it's no wonder that people say you should exercise every day.

Copyright © 2007 edHelper

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Muscular System

|1.   |2.   |

|Muscles are made of _____. |The myocardium is another name for the _____ muscle. |

|[pic]  Water |[pic]  Stomach |

|[pic]  Cells |[pic]  Heart |

|[pic]  Minerals |[pic]  Lung |

|[pic]  Skin |[pic]  Arm |

| | |

|3.   |4.   |

|Heart muscles are _____. |The muscles in your fingers that you move when you pick up something |

|[pic]  Involuntary |are_____. |

|[pic]  Voluntary |[pic]  Involuntary |

| |[pic]  Voluntary |

| | |

|5.   |6.   |

|Since they work automatically, you can tell that the muscles in your lungs|The main idea of this article is _____. |

|are _____. |[pic]  Involuntary muscles |

|[pic]  Involuntary |[pic]  Taking care of your muscles |

|[pic]  Voluntary |[pic]  Parts of the muscular system |

| |[pic]  Arm muscles |

| | |

|7.   |8.   |

|Which of the following is true? |From the article, you can tell that the stomach muscles are probably |

|[pic]  People have about 360 muscles |_____. |

|[pic]  Some muscles work automatically |[pic]  Skeletal muscles |

|[pic]  Voluntary muscles move the food around in your stomach |[pic]  Cardiac muscles |

|[pic]  Muscles can push and pull |[pic]  Smooth muscles |

| |[pic]  None of the above |

| | |

|9. The muscular system is the organ system which functions to | |

|___________________________ | |

|Muscular System - Answer Key |

1  [pic]  Cells

2  [pic]  Heart

3  [pic]  Involuntary

4  [pic]  Voluntary

5  [pic]  Involuntary

6  [pic]  Parts of the muscular system

7  [pic]  Some muscles work automatically

8  [pic]  Smooth muscles

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