Paper 1 - Microsoft



MEMBERSHIP EXAMINATION JUNE/JULY 2003

SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY

PAPER 1

Perusal Time : 15 minutes

Time Allowed : TWO (2) Hours after perusal

ANSWER FOUR (4) Questions from Six Only

ALL Questions are of equal value

Subsection of Questions are of equal value unless stated otherwise

1. a) Define the terms “delayed union” and “non union” as they relate to fracture healing. (20%)

b) Discuss the factors that may contribute to delayed fracture healing in dogs (40%)

c) Describe the clinically relevant methods which can be employed to overcome delayed fracture healing (40%)

2. Micturition is a complex process involving the brain, spinal cord and other anatomical structures:

a) Describe the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological mechanisms governing the storage and voiding phases of micturition. (70%)

b) Explain how an acute disc extrusion at T13-L1 may lead to an inability to urinate, and how this may affect management of that case. (30%)

3. Describe the clinical and clinicopathological effects of the following conditions:

a) Urinary tract obstruction due to urethral calculi in a male dog.

b) Foreign body obstruction of the jejunum.

Outline your approach to the short-term management of these conditions prior to surgical intervention.

4. One of the advantages of treating fractures with an external fixator frame work is that the frame configuration can be changed to meet the requirements of individual fractures.

Describe the ways in which a surgeon can increase or maximise the mechanical strengths of the fixator framework and fixator-bone interface.

Continued over/Small Animal Surgery 2003/Paper 1

Continued/Small Animal Surgery 2003/Paper 1

5. Discuss what factors can contribute to the establishment of an infection in a

surgical wound. Describe the possible sources of contamination, and what a

surgeon can do to minimise the risk of infection from these sources.

6. Describe the principles of surgery that apply to the management of neoplasia in small animals. Include with your answer an example of how these principles are applied to the management of a specific type of tumour.

END OF PAPER

MEMBERSHIP EXAMINATION JUNE/JULY 2003

SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY

PAPER 2

Perusal Time : 15 minutes

Time Allowed : TWO (2) Hours after perusal

ANSWER FOUR (4) Questions from Six Only

ALL Questions are of equal value

Subsection of Questions are of equal value unless stated otherwise

1. An 8-year-old Boxer has a circular skin defect of 6 cm diameter over the point of the elbow that was created by complete excision of a well-differentiated mast cell tumour.

Discuss surgical options for closure of this wound. (40%).

Assuming a skin flap was used, how would you manage this patient in the postoperative period? Justify you answer with reference to potential complications associated with the flap (60%).

2. A 8-month-old female Miniature Schnauzer is presented with a history of repeated episodes of dysuria and heamaturia. You diagnose a recurrent urinary tract infection.

a) Describe your approach to the evaluation of this case including a discussion of any specific diagnostic aids (60%).

b) List FIVE (5) conditions that could predispose to recurrent urinary infections in young dogs and briefly describe the surgical treatments which may be used to treat each case (40%).

3. A 4-year-old male neuter Golden Retriever presents with a hind limb lameness associated with a severely unstable medially luxating patella. The history suggests that the dog has been having clinical problems since it was a puppy.

a) Describe the clinical abnormalities you would evaluate and the diagnostic tests you would use in the preoperative evaluation of this dog to assist in deciding which surgical procedures are most appropriate in this case (20%).

b) List the surgical procedures for the management of this condition that may be applicable in this case (20%).

c) Explain how the results of your clinical examination and diagnostic tests would influence your decision to use the surgical procedures in your list (60%).

Continued over/Small Animal Surgery 2003/Paper 2

Continued/Small Animal Surgery 2003/Paper 2

4. A comminuted mid shaft tibial fracture in a dog could be stabilised successfully with either a plate and screws or the application of an external fixator framework.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these two fixation techniques

5. A 10-month-old Kelpie dog presents with weight loss and persistent severe dyspnoea. Radiographs of the chest show soft tissue densities within the caudal thorax and loss of the normal diaphragmatic line. These clinical and radiographic signs are interpreted as being consistent with a chronic diaphragmatic hernia.

Describe your management of this case. Also discuss the potential complications you may encounter during and after surgery.

6. Describe the clinical features, and your choice for the surgical management of TWO (2) of the following conditions in dogs:

a) Prostatic cysts

b) Laryngeal paralysis

c) Salivary mucocoeles.

END OF PAPER

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