Air University - U.S. Department of Defense
Air University
Style and Author Guide
Second Edition
Air University Press Air Force Research Institute
Project Editor Marvin Bassett
Cover Art, Book Design, and Illustrations L. Susan Fair
Composition and Prepress Production Michele D. Harrell Vivian D. O'Neal
Print Preparation and Distribution Diane Clark
ISBN 978-1-58566-254-8 Published by Air University Press in April 2015
AIR FORCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
AIR UNIVERSITY PRESS
Director and Publisher Allen G. Peck
Editor in Chief Oreste M. Johnson Managing Editor Demorah Hayes Design and Production Manager Cheryl King
Disclaimer The Air University Style and Author Guide provides guidance on writing, editing, and publishing matters related to official publications of Air University. However, it is not directive and should not be considered official Air Force or Department of Defense policy. This publication is cleared for public release and unlimited distribution.
Air University Press 155 N. Twining St., Bldg. 693 Maxwell AFB, AL 36112-6026 afri.aupress@us.af.mil
AFRI
Air Force Research Institute
ii
Contents
FOREWORD
v
PREFACE
vii
NOTE ON CHANGES TO THE SECOND EDITION
ix
Part 1 Air University Style Guide for Writers and Editors
1.0 Terms and Usage
3
2.0 Abbreviations
29
3.0 Grammar and Punctuation
61
3.1 Grammar
61
3.2 Punctuation
71
4.0 Mechanics
85
4.1 Capitalization
85
4.2 Spelling and Word Formation
103
4.3 Numbers
119
4.4 Italics
127
4.5 Display Dots
133
5.0 Documentation
135
Appendix
A Note Citations
145
B Bibliographic Entries
169
C Copyright
181
BIBLIOGRAPHY
183
INDEX
187
iii
contents
Part 2 Air University Press Author Guide
About Us
205
Payment to Authors
206
Copyright
206
Classified and Sensitive Material
206
Security and Policy Review
206
Production Schedule
207
Accepted Manuscripts
207
Submission Instructions
207
Submitting a Manuscript to the Publication Review Board
209
Submitting an Accepted Manuscript for Publication
209
Formatting Your Manuscript
209
Formatting and Submitting Tables and Illustrations
210
Seed List for Index
212
Permissions
213
Distribution List
214
Checklist
214
Appendix
A Publishing Agreement
215
B Author's Checklist
221
C Illustrations Log
225
iv
Foreword
As the intellectual and leadership center of the Air Force, the Air University (AU) produces cutting-edge scholarship on airpower to advance our understanding of defense and national security issues. The Air University Style and Author Guide helps ensure that the form and style of AU scholarship are as impressive as the substance.
Like its predecessor, this second edition of AU-1, Air University Style and Author Guide, will prove to be indispensable to AU faculty, staff, students, and prospective authors. Faithful use of this guide will help the airpower community produce scholarly manuscripts that conform to current academic norms of style, format, language, and documentation.
Part 1 of this publication, "Air University Style Guide for Writers and Editors," provides guidance on such matters as grammar, mechanics, and documentation of sources. Part 2, "Air University Press Author Guide," offers instructions for authors who wish to submit manuscripts for possible publication by AU Press. In most matters, the Air University Style and Author Guide follows the Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition, but it also addresses many military-specific matters of style and mechanics that are not covered in most other style guides. AU-1 is an important reference tool for all AU writers, and I highly encourage its use.
STEVEN L. KWAST Lieutenant General, USAF Commander and President, Air University
v
Preface
Writing is easy. All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.
--Mark Twain
I am pleased to introduce the second edition of AU-1, Air University Style and Author Guide. This edition reflects the latest guidance from the Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition, and authoritative Department of Defense sources. It is designed to be useful to every researcher and writer at Air University, whether authoring a course paper, thesis, journal article, or book for publication.
The Style Guide includes part 1, "Air University Style Guide for Writers and Editors," which has served as AU's style manual since 2001, and part 2, "Air University Press Author Guide," which provides instructions for potential AU Press authors. The guidance in part 1 is divided into five sections: terms and usage, abbreviations, grammar and punctuation, mechanics, and documentation. Within each section, entries are arranged alphabetically.
One strength of the Style Guide is its coverage of military style issues, such as acronyms, military ranks, and specialized military terms. For this reason, the Style Guide may be of interest to those outside the Air Force who write or edit manuscripts about military issues. But it is also an accessible and authoritative source of guidance applicable to all disciplines: punctuation, the treatment of numbers, grammar issues such as parallelism and passive voice, and so forth. New users will find the index helpful in locating specific topics. The Style Guide is also available electronically (a PDF file) from the AU Press website, making it easily searchable for key terms.
Of course, the Style Guide cannot address every aspect of writing or every style issue. For topics not covered here, users should consult the Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition, which this guide follows in most matters. We base spellings and definitions on Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged, and Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition (in the guide, the term dictionary refers to one or both of these sources). For advice on grammatical issues, we recommend the eighth edition of Index to English by Wilma R. and David R. Ebbitt or the seventh edition of Rules for Writers by Diana Hacker and Nancy Sommers.
Many individuals at AU, the Air Force Research Institute, and AU Press have contributed to the development of this second edition. It is an improve-
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