HP 12C Platinum Owner’s Handbook and Problem-Solving …
HP 12C Platinum Owner's Handbook
and Problem-Solving Guide
? Copyright 2003 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Introduction
About This Handbook
This HP 12C Platinum Owner's Handbook and Problem-Solving Guide is intended to help you get the most out of your investment in your HP 12C Platinum Programmable Financial Calculator. Although the excitement of acquiring this powerful financial tool may prompt you to set this handbook aside and immediately begin "pressing buttons," in the long run you'll profit by reading through this handbook and working through the examples it contains.
Following this introduction is a brief section called Making Financial Calculations Easy--which shows you that your HP 12C Platinum does just that! The remainder of this handbook is organized basically into three parts:
z Part I (sections 1 through 7) describes how to use the various financial, mathematics, statistics, and other functions (except for programming) provided in the calculator: z Section 1 is about Getting Started. It tells you how to use the keyboard, how to do simple arithmetic calculations and chain calculations, and how to use the storage registers ("memories"). z Section 2 tells you how to use the percentage and calendar functions. z Section 3 tells you how to use the simple interest, compound interest, and amortization functions. z Section 4 tells you how to do discounted cash flow analysis, bond, and depreciation calculations. z Section 5 tells you about miscellaneous operating features such as Continuous Memory, the display, and special function keys. z Sections 6 and 7 tell you how to use the statistics, mathematics, and number-alteration functions.
z Part II (sections 8 through 11) describe how to use the powerful programming capabilities of the HP 12C Platinum.
z Part III (sections 12 through 16) give you step-by-step solutions to specialized problems in real estate, lending, savings, investment analysis, and bonds. Some of these solutions can be done manually, while others involve running a program. Since the programmed solutions are both selfcontained and step-by-step, you can easily employ them even if you don't care to learn how to create your own programs. But if you do start to create your own programs, look over the programs used in the solutions: they contain examples of good programming techniques and practices.
2
Introduction
3
z The various appendices describe additional details of calculator operation as well as warranty and service information.
z The Function Key Index and Programming Key Index at the back of the handbook can be used as a handy page reference to the comprehensive information inside the manual
Financial Calculations in the United Kingdom
The calculations for most financial problems in the United Kingdom are identical to the calculations for those problems in the United States ? which are described in this handbook. Certain problems, however, require different calculation methods in the United Kingdom than in the United States. Refer to Appendix G for more information.
For More Solutions to Financial Problems
In addition to the specialized solutions found in Sections 12 through 16 of this handbook, many more are available in the optional HP 12C Platinum Solutions Handbook. Included are solutions to problems in lending, forecasting, pricing, statistics, savings, investment analysis, personal finance, securities, Canadian mortgages, learning curves in manufacturing, and queuing theory. The solutions handbook is available from your authorized HP dealer.
Contents
Introduction ...................................................................................... 2
About This Handbook ..................................................................................... 2 Financial Calculations in the United Kingdom ................................................ 3 For More Solutions to Financial Problems...................................................... 3
Part I: Problem Solving................................................15
Section 1: Getting Started ................................................................... 16
Power On and Off......................................................................................... 16 Low-Power Indication ............................................................................. 16
The Keyboard ............................................................................................... 16 Keying in Numbers ................................................................................. 17 Digit Separators...................................................................................... 17 Negative Numbers.................................................................................. 17 Keying in Large Numbers ....................................................................... 18 The CLEAR Keys ................................................................................... 18 The RPN and ALG Keys......................................................................... 19
Simple Arithmetic Calculations in RPN Mode............................................... 19 Chain Calculations in RPN Mode ................................................................. 20 Storage Registers......................................................................................... 23
Storing and Recalling Numbers.............................................................. 24 Clearing Storage Registers .................................................................... 25 Storage Register Arithmetic.................................................................... 25
Section 2: Percentage and Calendar Functions............................ 27
Percentage Functions................................................................................... 27 Percentages ........................................................................................... 27 Net amount ............................................................................................. 27 Percent Difference.................................................................................. 28 Percent of Total ...................................................................................... 29
Calendar Functions ...................................................................................... 30 Date Format............................................................................................ 30 Future or Past Dates .............................................................................. 31 Number of Days Between Dates ............................................................ 32
Section 3: Basic Financial Functions............................................... 34
The Financial Registers................................................................................ 34 Storing Numbers Into the Financial Registers ........................................ 34 Displaying Numbers in the Financial Registers ...................................... 34 Clearing the Financial Registers............................................................. 34
Simple Interest Calculations ......................................................................... 35 Financial Calculations and the Cash Flow Diagram ..................................... 36
The Cash Flow Sign Convention ............................................................ 38 The Payment Mode ................................................................................ 38 Generalized Cash Flow Diagrams.......................................................... 39
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6
Contents
Compound Interest Calculations .................................................................. 41 Specifying the Number of Compounding Periods and the Periodic Interest Rate ........................................................................................... 41 Calculating the Number of Payments or Compounding Periods ............ 41 Calculating the Periodic and Annual Interest Rates ............................... 45 Calculating the Present Value ................................................................ 46 Calculating the Payment Amount ........................................................... 48 Calculating the Future Value .................................................................. 49 Odd-Period Calculations......................................................................... 51
Amortization.................................................................................................. 54
Section 4: Additional Financial Functions ...................................... 58
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis: NPV and IRR............................................ 58 Calculating Net Present Value (NPV)..................................................... 59 Calculating Internal Rate of Return (IRR)............................................... 63 Reviewing Cash Flow Entries................................................................. 64 Changing Cash Flow Entries .................................................................. 66
Bond Calculations......................................................................................... 67 Bond Price .............................................................................................. 67 Bond Yield .............................................................................................. 68
Depreciation Calculations............................................................................. 68
Section 5: Additional Operating Features ....................................... 70
Continuous Memory ..................................................................................... 70 The Display................................................................................................... 70
Status Indicators..................................................................................... 70 Number Display Formats........................................................................ 71 Scientific Notation Display Format.......................................................... 72 Special Displays ..................................................................................... 73
The ~ Key................................................................................................ 74 The F Key ............................................................................................... 74
Arithmetic Calculations With Constants.................................................. 75 Recovering From Errors in Digit Entry.................................................... 75
Section 6: Statistics Functions .......................................................... 76
Accumulating Statistics................................................................................. 76 Correcting Accumulated Statistics................................................................ 77 Mean............................................................................................................. 77 Standard Deviation ....................................................................................... 78 Linear Estimation.......................................................................................... 79 Weighted Mean ............................................................................................ 81
Section 7: Mathematics and Number-Alteration Functions ....... 82
One-Number Functions ................................................................................ 82 The Power Function ..................................................................................... 84
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