Using the Periodic Table - Doral Academy Preparatory School

[Pages:6]Name

Date

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Lesson Outline

LESSON 1

Using the Periodic Table

A. What is the periodic table?

1. The

is a chart of the elements arranged into rows and

columns according to their chemical and physical properties.

2. The table can be used to determine how all to one another.

are related

B. Developing a Periodic Table

1. In the mid-1800s, Russian chemist and teacher a table to help classify the elements by their properties.

created

a. He placed the elements in rows of increasing atomic

.

b. The elements in the table showed repeating patterns; is a word used to describe such patterns.

c. For example, Mendeleev noticed patterns in the

of

elements, the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid.

2. After arranging the known elements in a periodic table, Mendeleev noticed

large gaps between some elements. He predicted that scientists would find

to fit into these spaces. Mendeleev's predictions

were

.

3. In the early 1900s, Henry Moseley found that the problem with Mendeleev's table could be solved if the elements were arranged in rows

by

.

4. The atomic number is the number of an atom of an element.

in the nucleus of

C. Today's Periodic Table

1. You can identify the properties of an element by studying its

on the periodic table.

2. The

shows the element's name, atomic number,

chemical symbol, state of matter, and atomic mass.

3. A(n)

is a column on the periodic table.

4. Elements in the same group have similar they react with other elements in similar ways.

, which means

5. The rows in the periodic table are called

.

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

10

The Periodic Table

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Lesson Outline continued

6. As you read from left to right across the periodic table, atomic number

by one for each element.

7. Most of the elements in the periodic table are are shiny and conduct thermal energy and electricity.

, which

8. Most nonmetals are on the

side of the periodic table;

these elements do not conduct thermal energy and electricity.

9. Between the metals and nonmetals on the periodic table are the

, which have properties of metals and nonmetals.

D. How Scientists Use the Periodic Table

1. Scientists use the periodic table to predict the new elements they create.

of the

2. Elements that are share similar properties.

each other on the periodic table

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

The Periodic Table

11

Name

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Content Practice A

Using the Periodic Table

LESSON 1

Periodic Table of the Elements

1?New designation

Key

18

Hydrogen

1

1 H

1.01

Lithium 3

2 Li

6.94

2

Beryllium 4 Be

9.01

Element's name Atomic number Element's symbol

Atomic mass

Carbon

6

C

12.01

13

Boron 5 B

10.81

14

15

Carbon

6 C 12.01

Nitrogen

7 N 14.01

16

17

Oxygen

8 O 16.00

Fluorine

9 F 19.00

Helium 2 He

4.00

Neon 10 Ne

20.18

Sodium Magnesium

Aluminum

Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur

Chlorine

Argon

11

12

3 Na

Mg

13

14

15

16

17

18

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12 Al

Si

P

S

Cl

Ar

22.99

24.31

26.98

28.09

30.97

32.07

35.45

39.95

Potassium

4

19 K

39.10

Calcium

20 Ca 40.08

Scandium

21 Sc 44.96

Titanium

22 Ti 47.87

Vanadium

23 V 50.94

Chromium

24 Cr 52.00

Manganese

25 Mn 54.94

Iron

26 Fe 55.85

Cobalt

27 Co 58.93

Nickel

28 Ni 58.69

Copper

29 Cu 63.55

Zinc

30 Zn 65.38

Gallium

31 Ga 69.72

Germanium

32 Ge 72.64

Arsenic

33 As 74.92

Selenium

34 Se 78.96

Bromine

35 Br 79.90

Krypton

36 Kr 83.80

Rubidium

5

37 Rb

85.47

Strontium

38 Sr 87.62

Yttrium

39 Y 88.91

Zirconium

40 Zr 91.22

Niobium

41 Nb 92.91

Molybdenum Technetium

42

43

Mo

Tc

95.96

(98)

Ruthenium

44 Ru 101.07

Rhodium

45 Rh 102.91

Palladium

46 Pd 106.42

Silver

47 Ag 107.87

Cadmium

48 Cd 112.41

Indium

49 In 114.82

Tin

50 Sn 118.71

Antimony

51 Sb 121.76

Tellurium

52 Te 127.60

Iodine

53 I 126.90

Xenon

54 Xe 131.29

Cesium

6

55 Cs

132.91

Barium

56 Ba 137.33

Lanthanum

57 La 138.91

Hafnium

72 Hf 178.49

Tantalum

73 Ta 180.95

Tungsten

74 W 183.84

Rhenium

75 Re 186.21

Osmium

76 Os 190.23

Iridium

77 Ir 192.22

Platinum

78 Pt 195.08

Gold

79 Au 196.97

Mercury

80 Hg 200.59

Thallium

81 Tl 204.38

Lead

82 Pb 207.20

Bismuth

83 Bi 208.98

Polonium

84 Po (209)

Astatine

85 At (210)

Radon

86 Rn (222)

Francium

7

87

Fr

(223)

Radium

88 Ra (226)

Actinium

89 Ac (227)

Rutherfordium

104 Rf (267)

Dubnium

105 Db (268)

Seaborgium

106 Sg (271)

Bohrium

107 Bh (272)

Hassium

108 Hs (270)

Meitnerium

109 Mt (276)

Darmstadtium Roentgenium

110

111

Ds

Rg

(281)

(280)

Ununbium

112 Cn (285)

Ununquadium

114 Uuq (289)

Ununhexium

116 Uuh (293)

Ununoctium

118 Uuo (294)

Rare-Earth Elements

Lanthanide series Actinide series

Cerium 58 Ce

140.12

Thorium 90 Th

232.04

Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium

59

60

61

Pr

Nd

Pm

140.91

144.24

(145)

Samarium

62 Sm 150.36

Europium

63 Eu 151.96

Protactinium

91 Pa 231.04

Uranium

92 U 238.03

Neptunium

93 Np (237)

Plutonium

94 Pu (244)

Americium

95 Am (243)

Gadolinium 64 Gd

157.25

Curium 96 Cm

(247)

Terbium 65 Tb

158.93

Berkelium 97 Bk

(247)

Dysprosium

66 Dy 162.50

Holmium

67 Ho 164.93

Californium

98 Cf (251)

Einsteinium

99 Es (252)

Erbium 68 Er

167.26

Fermium 100 Fm (257)

Thulium

69 Tm 168.93

Ytterbium

70 Yb 173.05

Mendelevium

101 Md (258)

Nobelium

102 No (259)

Lutetium 71 Lu

174.97

Lawrencium 103 Lr (262)

Directions: Use the periodic table to complete the chart.

Element Carbon (C)

What is the atomic number?

Is it a metal, nonmetal, or

metalloid?

Platinum (Pt)

Iron (Fe)

Hydrogen (H)

Cobalt (Co)

Arsenic (As)

What state of matter is it in?

Where is it?

Period: Group:

Period: Group:

Period: Group:

Period: Group:

Period: Group:

Period: Group:

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

The Periodic Table

13

Name

Date

Class

Content Practice B

LESSON 1

Using the Periodic Table

Directions: On each line, write the term or phrase that correctly completes each sentence.

1. The periodic table is a chart that uses

and

to arrange elements according to their

and

properties.

2. Russian chemist

developed the periodic table by

organizing elements according to

.

3. Mendeleev noticed that elements had repeating patterns, or

are

, with properties such as melting

point,

, and

.

4. Moving from

to

, melting

points on the periodic table first

and

then

.

5.

fixed problems that scientists discovered with Mendeleev's

table by listing elements according to increasing

.

6. The atomic number of an element is the number of

in

the nucleus of each of the element's

.

7. Each element key on the periodic table has important information,

including

,

,

, and

.

8. Both

and

you read across a period on the table.

properties change as

9. Almost all elements in the periodic table are

.

10.

is/are on the left side of the periodic table,

is/are on the right side, except

for metals and nonmetals.

, and

, which are between

11. New metals, like Bohrium, are

, or made by people.

12. The periodic table can be used to understand and

an

element's

.

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

14

The Periodic Table

Name

Date

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Key Concept Builder

LESSON 1

Using the Periodic Table

Key Concept How are elements arranged on the periodic table?

Directions: Use the table to answer each question or respond to each statement.

Periodic Table of the Elements

1?New designation

Key

18

Hydrogen

1

1 H

1.01

Lithium 3

2 Li

6.94

2

Beryllium 4 Be

9.01

Element's name Atomic number Element's symbol

Atomic mass

Carbon

6

C

12.01

13

Boron 5 B

10.81

14

15

Carbon

6 C 12.01

Nitrogen

7 N 14.01

16

17

Oxygen

8 O 16.00

Fluorine

9 F 19.00

Helium 2 He

4.00

Neon 10 Ne

20.18

Sodium Magnesium

Aluminum

Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur

Chlorine

Argon

11

12

3 Na

Mg

13

14

15

16

17

18

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12 Al

Si

P

S

Cl

Ar

22.99

24.31

26.98

28.09

30.97

32.07

35.45

39.95

Potassium

4

19 K

39.10

Calcium

20 Ca 40.08

Scandium

21 Sc 44.96

Titanium

22 Ti 47.87

Vanadium

23 V 50.94

Chromium

24 Cr 52.00

Manganese

25 Mn 54.94

Iron

26 Fe 55.85

Cobalt

27 Co 58.93

Nickel

28 Ni 58.69

Copper

29 Cu 63.55

Zinc

30 Zn 65.38

Gallium

31 Ga 69.72

Germanium

32 Ge 72.64

Arsenic

33 As 74.92

Selenium

34 Se 78.96

Bromine

35 Br 79.90

Krypton

36 Kr 83.80

Rubidium

5

37 Rb

85.47

Strontium

38 Sr 87.62

Yttrium

39 Y 88.91

Zirconium

40 Zr 91.22

Niobium

41 Nb 92.91

Molybdenum Technetium

42

43

Mo

Tc

95.96

(98)

Ruthenium

44 Ru 101.07

Rhodium

45 Rh 102.91

Palladium

46 Pd 106.42

Silver

47 Ag 107.87

Cadmium

48 Cd 112.41

Indium

49 In 114.82

Tin

50 Sn 118.71

Antimony

51 Sb 121.76

Tellurium

52 Te 127.60

Iodine

53 I 126.90

Xenon

54 Xe 131.29

Cesium

6

55 Cs

132.91

Barium

56 Ba 137.33

Lanthanum

57 La 138.91

Hafnium

72 Hf 178.49

Tantalum

73 Ta 180.95

Tungsten

74 W 183.84

Rhenium

75 Re 186.21

Osmium

76 Os 190.23

Iridium

77 Ir 192.22

Platinum

78 Pt 195.08

Gold

79 Au 196.97

Mercury

80 Hg 200.59

Thallium

81 Tl 204.38

Lead

82 Pb 207.20

Bismuth

83 Bi 208.98

Polonium

84 Po (209)

Astatine

85 At (210)

Radon

86 Rn (222)

Francium

7

87

Fr

(223)

Radium

88 Ra (226)

Actinium

89 Ac (227)

Rutherfordium

104 Rf (267)

Dubnium

105 Db (268)

Seaborgium

106 Sg (271)

Bohrium

107 Bh (272)

Hassium

108 Hs (270)

Meitnerium

109 Mt (276)

Darmstadtium Roentgenium

110

111

Ds

Rg

(281)

(280)

Ununbium

112 Cn (285)

Ununquadium

114 Uuq (289)

Ununhexium

116 Uuh (293)

Ununoctium

118 Uuo (294)

Rare-Earth Elements

Lanthanide series Actinide series

Cerium 58 Ce

140.12

Thorium 90 Th

232.04

Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium

59

60

61

Pr

Nd

Pm

140.91

144.24

(145)

Samarium

62 Sm 150.36

Europium

63 Eu 151.96

Protactinium

91 Pa 231.04

Uranium

92 U 238.03

Neptunium

93 Np (237)

Plutonium

94 Pu (244)

Americium

95 Am (243)

Gadolinium

64 Gd 157.25

Terbium

65 Tb 158.93

Curium

96 Cm (247)

Berkelium

97 Bk (247)

Dysprosium

66 Dy 162.50

Holmium

67 Ho 164.93

Californium

98 Cf (251)

Einsteinium

99 Es (252)

Erbium 68 Er

167.26

Fermium 100 Fm (257)

Thulium

69 Tm 168.93

Ytterbium

70 Yb 173.05

Mendelevium

101 Md (258)

Nobelium

102 No (259)

Lutetium 71 Lu

174.97

Lawrencium 103 Lr (262)

1. What is used to create the sequential order of elements? 2. Where are metals on the table?

3. Where are nonmetals on the table? 4. What are between metals and nonmetals on the table? 5. What increases as you read left to right across each period? 6. What is true about elements in the same group?

7. What is true about the characteristics of elements in a period from left to right on the periodic table?

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

18

The Periodic Table

Name

Date

Class

Key Concept Builder

Using the Periodic Table

Key Concept What can you learn about elements from the periodic table?

1

LESSON 1

Hydrogen

1

1

H

2

1.01

Lithium 3

2 Li

6.94

Beryllium 4

Be

9.01

Sodium Magnesium

3

11

Na

12 Mg

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

22.99

24.31

Potassium

4

19

K

39.10

Calcium 20

Ca

40.08

Scandium 21

Sc

44.96

Titanium 22

Ti

47.87

Vanadium 23

V

50.94

Chromium 24

Cr

52.00

Manganese

25

Mn

54.94

Iron

26

Fe

55.85

Cobalt 27

Co

58.93

Rubidium

5

37

Rb

85.47

Strontium 38

Sr

87.62

Yttrium 39

Y

88.91

Zirconium 40

Zr

91.22

Niobium 41

Nb

92.91

Molybdenum Technetium

42

43

Mo

Tc

95.96

(98)

Ruthenium 44

Ru

101.07

Rhodium 45

Rh

102.91

Cesium

6

55

Cs

132.91

Barium 56

Ba

137.33

Lanthanum

57

La

138.91

Hafnium

72

Hf

178.49

Tantalum 73

Ta

180.95

Tungsten 74

W

183.84

Rhenium 75

Re

186.21

Osmium 76

Os

190.23

Iridium

77

Ir

192.22

Francium

7

87

Fr

(223)

Radium 88

Ra

(226)

Actinium 89

Ac

(227)

Rutherfordium 104

Rf

(267)

Dubnium 105

Db

(268)

Seaborgium 106

Sg

(271)

Bohrium 107

Bh

(272)

Hassium

108

Hs

(270)

Meitnerium

109

Mt

(276)

The number in parentheses is the mass number of the longest lived isotope for that element.

Directions: On the line before each definition, write the letter of the term that matches it correctly.

1. used to arrange elements sequentially 2. a chemical abbreviation 3. how the element is at room temperature 4. hydrogen at room temperature 5. calcium at room temperature 6. what is true of technetium 7. rows 8. columns

A. state of matter B. columns C. element key D. gas E. groups F. periods G. solid H. synthetic I. symbol

9. where information about each element is located

The Periodic Table

19

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