Cleveland State University
Cuyahoga Community College |Joseph P. DeMarco, Instructor | |Course Syllabus |Division Office of: | |Philosophy 2050 12961 |Social Science Division | |Bioethics |Western Campus | |Spring Semester, 2011, B Session |Web Course | |Three Credits
Phone: 216-536-9165 |Blackboard Course Site
email: joseph.demarco@tri-c.edu | |
Note: Please see Instructor Contact listed in Section VII of this Syllabus for more information on how to contact the instructor. Please also refer to the document listed under "Faculty Information" on the Blackboard web home page of the course for more information on the background of the instructor.
I. Texts:
Bioscope: A Multimedia Exploration of Bioethics, by DeMarco, Ford, and Jones, Seed Publishing, 2010. This material is available in CD-ROM format at the College Book Centers. If you cannot come to campus, the College Book Centers can arrange to mail a copy of the CD-ROM to you. The website for textbook ordering is
II. Course Description:
Study and analysis of moral philosophy as applied to issues in health and life sciences with emphasis on developing students’ abilities to correctly identify moral problems and defend their moral judgments. Note: The Performance Objectives and Topical Outline for this course have been provided in the final two sections of this syllabus.
III. Goals and Objectives:
There are four main goals of this course. The first is to provide an understanding of contemporary ethical theory. The second is to use this understanding as a foundation for analysis and application of bioethical issues and case studies. The third is to provide an overview and analysis of the most significant issues underlying the field of bioethics. Fourth and finally, it is hoped that this kind of exposure will enable the student to make more critically effective and enlightened judgments regarding issues of bioethics as a patient, a citizen, and a health care practitioner if applicable.
IV. Prerequisites: Eligibility for ENG-1010 College Composition I
V. Evaluation Procedure:
The course is divided into three main modules. For each module of the course the student will be required to take one unit exam worth 80 points and compose one case study analysis worth 20 points. The final unit exam will not be comprehensive, but will only cover material from that module of the course. The total number of points possible for all assessments is 300 (240 from the three unit exams and 60 from the three case study analyses). More information on each assessment is provided below. Note: All assessments, except case study analyses which will be available on the Discussion Board, will be available on the Blackboard site under the Assignments link with specific availability dates and times listed in Section VI of this syllabus.
A. Unit Exams
Unit exams will cover material for each module of the course and as such will not be cumulative. These exams will be comprised of two types of questions, objective and essay. Objective questions will be either multiple choice or true/false. There will be thirty objective questions in each exam. Each question will be worth one point making for a total of 30 points for this section of the exam. In order to properly prepare for the objective exam questions the student should have read all of the assignments and reviewed all of the documents that pertain to that module of the course. Practice quizzes and exams will be provided to allow the student a chance to see what kinds of objective questions will asked and what content they will cover.
Essay exam questions will be used in conjunction with objective exam questions to better gauge the student's overall mastery of the material. The essay portion of the unit exam will be worth 50 points. Students should be able to express themselves in these essays in a way that establishes a clear and intelligent understanding of the material. The student may also be called on to justify his/her opinion on various philosophical issues within the essay question. This is a very important skill in that the ability to support one's own opinion is what separates the profound from the mundane. To assist the student in preparing for essay exams practice essay questions will be available for each main issue we cover. The student should attempt to write answers to these practice questions before proceeding with the essay exam.
Please note that all exams must be taken during the week designated according to the schedule listed below in section VI of this syllabus. Finally, the student will only be permitted to take each essay exam once. More information will be posted on the Blackboard course site with further instructions for successfully completing these exams.
B. Case Study Analysis
Each module of the term will include one case study analysis worth twenty points. Questions will rely on cases available on the Bioscope CD ROM. Responses will be judged by the students' ability to resolve the ethical dilemmas inherent in each case by applying one or more of the moral theories covered in the course. Lastly, part of the score for each assignment will include students' critiques of each other. The first 15 points will be earned through the student's original analysis of the case to be turned in directly to the instructor. An additional five points will be earned through the critiques. Further Instructions for completing case study analysis will be posted on the course web site.
C. Extra Credit Issues
Should the student receive below a 60% on a discussion question or unit exam except the Module III discussion question and unit exams/he may apply for extra credit work. This work will allow the student to raise his/her grade up to, but not exceeding, a 60% for that assignment. The student must have completed all previous assignments to date and be in good standing in the course in order to be eligible for extra credit. Also, please note that the deadline to apply for extra credit is one week from the original due date of the assignment. No extra credit requests will be granted unless they are made within this time frame.
D. Computation of the Final Grade
All of the points earned throughout the term will be totaled and the final grade will be based on the following scale:
270-300 points |A |90-100% average | |240-269 points |B |80-89.9% average | |210-239 points |C |70-79.9% average7 | |180-209 points |D |60-69.9% average | |0-179 points |F |0-59.9% average | |VI. Schedule of Reading Assignments and Exams
IMPORTANT NOTES:
A more detailed assignment schedule with specific dates pertaining to reading and writing assignments and exams will be available in a separate document on the course web site under Start Here > Course Information and the Modules link. It is the student's responsibility to keep up with the readings and due dates for assignments so as to avoid late penalties. For a fuller explanation of late penalties, please see Section XII. For a fuller explanation of the amount of time you should devote to this class, please see section XV labeled "Academic Credit."
Documents posted on the site under the Modules link contain lecture material and correspond to the assignment schedule.
All exams as well as instructions for completing exams can be found on the Blackboard site under the Modules link.
Links to all assessments will be activated at 5:00 a.m. on the first day the assessment becomes available and will expire at 11:00 p.m. on the last day the assessment is available
Module I:
Week Number 1, Moral Theory.
Week Number 2, Medical Futility.
Week Number 3, Exam Week for Module I.
Module II:
Week Number 4, Informed Consent
Week Number 5, Assessing Capacity
Week Number 6, Exam Week for Module II.
Module II:
Week Number 7, Clinical Trials
Week Number 8, Part I, Justice and Access to Health Care
Week Number 8, Part II, Exam Week for Module III.
Instructor Contact:
Cuyahoga Community College |Joseph P. DeMarco, Instructor | |Course Syllabus |Division Office of: | |Philosophy 2050 12961 |Social Science Division | |Bioethics |Western Campus | |Spring Semester, 2011, B Session |Web Course | |Three Credits
Phone: 216-536-9165 |Blackboard Course Site
email: joseph.demarco@tri-c.edu | |VIII. Disabilities Act
If you need course adaptations or accommodations because of a disability, if you have emergency medical information you need to make the instructor aware of, or if you need special arrangements in case the building must be evacuated, please contact the instructor by making a personal appointment or by using the above information regarding instructor contact. For specific information pertaining to accommodations, contact the ACCESS office, 216-987-5079, TDD 216-987-5117.
IX. Conduct Policies
Be advised that rules for student conduct apply in the on-line environment. Any use of electronic communication on CCC’s network (which includes Web-based courses and Blackboard communication features) for flaming or other kinds of harassment will be treated as a student conduct violation. Please review the document entitled "Conduct Policies" posted under "Course Information" for a detailed description of the conduct policies for this course. It is your responsibility to be aware of these policies and to adhere to them.
X. Intellectual Dishonesty:
To plagiarize is defined by the American Heritage College Dictionary as “to use and pass off as one’s own work (the ideas or writings of another).” This means that all academic work will be done by the student to whom it is assigned, without unauthorized aid of any kind. Any acts of academic dishonesty including plagiarism that are detected by the instructor may result in any or all of the following actions:
Penalty points deducted from the assignment.
Zero points allowed for the assignment.
A letter grade penalty from the final grade in the course.
A failing grade for the course.
Students should refer to College Policy 40 040 045 for more details.
XI. Make-up Procedures:
All make-up requests for exams that were not completed by the assigned due date must be made within one week of the original due date. If a request to make up an exam is not made within the one week time frame, a score of zero (0) will be given for the exam. All make-ups will be penalized ten percent. Exceptions to this penalty will be left to the discretion of the instructor. Note: Penalties will double for repeated make-up requests. No extra credit will be available for assessments completed through the make-up procedure. Since essay exams can only be submitted once, a ten percent penalty will be assessed for all bad transmissions of these exams. Exceptions to this penalty will be left to the discretion of the instructor. Note: Penalties will double for repeated bad transmissions. All assessments are timed. Blackboard will still accept assessments if they exceed the time limit, but penalty points will be assessed at a rate of 5% for every five minutes the time limit is exceeded. Thus an exam that is one second over the time limit will be penalized 5%, an exam that is five minutes and one second over the time limit will be penalized 10%, etc. Late posts will be accepted for Discussion Board assignments with a 10% penalty up to one week from the original due date for each assignment.
XII. Withdrawal:
Students may withdraw for any reason from any semester course prior to 80 percent of any instructional part of the term. Specific withdrawal dates are available by term in the
Campus Admissions and Records Offices or published in the schedule of courses. It is the student’s responsibility to be aware of these dates and to comply with them.
All transactions involving withdrawal from courses shall be done in writing, on forms provided by the college, and submitted by the deadline posted in the course schedule booklet for this term.
XIII. Incomplete (I) Grades:
If at any time throughout the term an incomplete grade is desired by a student it is the student’s responsibility to contact the instructor regarding this matter before the term ends. The college policy will be enforced for this course regarding the incomplete procedure and it is stated as follows: A notation of “I” indicates that a student has not completed all course requirements as a result of circumstances judged by the instructor to be beyond the student’s control. A student must complete all course requirements no later than the end of the sixth week of the academic term in which the “I” was noted. Failure to complete such requirements will result in an “F” (failing) grade. Please refer to the course schedule booklet to determine the last day an incomplete grade change can be completed for the previous term. Also, please note that no grade of Incomplete (I) will be awarded to any student unless all assessments except the final exam are completed. If assessments besides the final objective and essay exams are not completed a grade of "F" will be given rather than the grade of "I". This is to help insure the integrity of the incomplete grade.
XIV. Academic Credit:
In order to award one (1) semester hour of college credit, the Ohio Board of Regents requires two hours of significant study outside of class for each one hour in class for the equivalent of an academic semester (16 weeks). Since this is a three credit hour class with no in class lecture hours, the required course load requirement would be an average of nine hours of effective student effort per week for the entire semester. This per week average increases as courses are accelerated. Since this is an eight week course the weekly average would be approximately 18 hours.
Course requirements have been designed to comply with the requirements of the Board of Regents. Proper planning, prioritization and dedication will enhance your success in this course.
One final note. The instructor reserves the right to amend this syllabus in order to maximize the effectiveness of the course. It is the student’s responsibility to stay abreast of any such changes.
XV. PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES:
Upon successful completion of PHIL-2050 Bioethics, the student should be able to:
Identify major components of health care ethics and health care law.
Identify major components of ethical theory such as
Normative theories of obligation: the rule theory, the act theory, deontology, and teleology.
Identify major components of moral theories of obligation.
Teleology: egoism, hedonism, utilitarianism.
Deontology: strong and weak.
Identify major moral principles such as
Principle of autonomy.
Principle of beneficence.
Principle of benevolence.
Moral good.
Principle of justice.
Law and morality.
Nature of moral obligation.
Utilitarianism.
Moral values.
Apply the above moral principles to ethical issues in medicine including
Issues at the beginning of life.
Birth defects.
Experimentation.
Health care.
Allocation of health resources.
Paternalism.
Practitioner-patient relationship.
Truth-telling.
Moral agency of the professional.
Ethical and unethical demands of the employer, of professional societies, and of the general society.
Develop a model of ethical decision making and successfully implement it by
Identifying case details and morally relevant facts.
Identifying analogous moral and legal cases.
Determining moral maxims and legal laws.
Accumulation arguments for particular moral and legal judgments.
Resolving any conflicting judgments.
Making a defensible and definitive moral and legal judgment.
XVI. TOPICAL OUTLINE:
Introduction to health care ethics and health care law
History of the clinical ethics movement
Nazi Germany and the Nuremberg Code
research abuses in the United States
the National Research Act
medical discovery and technology
the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical Research
major U. S. court cases
Health care law
basic types
contract law
tort law
assault and battery
liability
professional and personal liability
Good Samaritan law
Respondent Superior
Doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur
community
negligence vs. duty: contributory
malpractice: burden of proof
standards of care
statutory regulations and limitations
the law and ethics of medical care
acting vs. failing to act
withholding vs. withdrawing treatment
Doctrine of Double Effect
confidentiality
disclosure
mandatory testing
whistle blowing
Introduction to ethical theory
Empirical ethics: what one does
Philosophical ethics
what one ought to do
normative theories of obligation
rule theory: prima facie
act theory
summary guidelines
reasonable justification
deontology
strong
act
rule
weak
act
rule
teleology
act
rule
value theory
mental
objective
monism
pluralism
extrinsic
intrinsic
metaethics
freewill
relativism
definism
natural
nonnatural
nondefinism: direct perception
cognitivism
definist
objective moral truth
objective moral knowledge
noncognitivism
commands
wishes
emotions
persuasions
logic and moral reasoning: the role of reassigning in moral judgments
types of norms or laws
physical laws
legal laws
religious norms
social norms
ethical norms
Moral theories of obligation
teleology
egoism
hedonism
utilitarianism
deontology
strong
weak
normative principles of obligation
altruism
beneficence
benevolence
duty: prima facie
justice
veracity
Major moral principles
principle of altruism
principle of autonomy
principle of beneficence
principle of benevolence
principle of duty
egoism
moral good
hedonism
principle of justice
law and morality
nature of moral obligation
utilitarianism
principle of veracity
moral values
Apply the above moral principles to ethical issues in medicinea. issues at the beginning of life
right of and responsibility of reproduction
abortion
contraception
humanity of fetus
determination
development of self-awareness
ontological status
viability
legal position
participation in
mother's rights versus fetus's rights
suffering and pain
value of life
quantity
quality
birth defects
patient's right to know
parent's right not to be tested
family's health vs. patient's health
conflicting loyalties
institution
patient
physician
issues at the end of life
euthanasia
terminal patients
informed consent
suicide
assisted suicide
life supports
forgoing life support
withdrawing and withholding treatment
extraordinary and ordinary means
do-not-resuscitate orders (DNR)
quality of life
practitioners-patient relationship
refusal of treatment
care for the terminally ill
palliative care
hospice
issues in pain control
refusal of treatment
no active termination of life
advanced directives
Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA)
living wills and durable powers of attorney
patient values history
major court cases
hospital's right to discharge a dying patient vs. patient's right to have palliative care
experimentation
informed consent
information for patients
right to consent
terminally ill
practitioner-patient relationship
health care
cost efficiency
nature and value of
quality and equality
right to
allocation of health resources
distributive justice
scarce resources
rationing
triage
access to health care
insured
uninsured
emergencies
causation, damages, and scope of duty
paternalism
children
commitment of mentally ill
compulsory sterilization of mentally ill or physically defective
prevention of harm to others
welfare of individual
practitioner-patient relationship
basic models of
activity-passivity
guidance-cooperation
mutual participation
patient-centered encounters and communication
informed consent
basic elements
barriers
confidentiality and privileged communication
truth-telling and deceit
patient compliance
infectious diseases and the professional
duty to treat infected patients
duties and rights of the infected professional
documentation in the patient medical record
truth telling
cancer patients
denial mechanism
depression
duty patient awareness
suicide
necessary or white lies
moral agency of the professional
clinical skills, competence, and standards
licensure
accreditation
certification
codes of ethics
associations and continuing education
character traits and virtues
compassion and caring
fidelity
veracity
paternalism
adoption: legal and ethical issues
putting a child up for adoption
adopting a child
special needs of the adoptive child
foreign adoption
mixed race adoption
mixed culture adoption
ethical and unethical demands of the employer, of the professional societies, and of the general society
responsibilities to self and personal integrity
peer relationships: team support and challenges
employer demands and conflicts of interest: whistle blowing
the professional and a good citizen
A model of ethical decision making
steps in making a defensible and definitive moral and legal judgment: identification of case details
identifying the morally relevant facts
identification of analogous moral and legal cases
determination of applicable moral maxims and legal laws
accumulation of arguments for particular moral and legal judgments
resolution of any conflicting judgments
making a defensible and definitive moral and legal judgment
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