EU CSDP MISSIONS & OPERATIONS

EU CSDP MISSIONS & OPERATIONS

for HUMAN SECURITY

CPCC

EU CSDP Missions and Operations Introduction

The EU's Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) provide the Union with the operational capacity to deploy both civilian missions and military operations. The range of tasks as set out in the EU Treaty encompass: humanitarian and rescue tasks; conflict prevention and peace-keeping tasks; tasks of combat forces in crisis management, including peace-making; joint disarmament operations; military advice and assistance tasks; post-conflict stabilisation tasks.

Building on experience ? adapting to new security challenges:

In the wake of the 1990s conflict in the Western Balkans, the EU and its Member States (MS) decided that the EU should have the capacity to plan and conduct its own missions and operations.

The first EU missions launched were the EU's policing mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (2003) and a military operation in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, (now North Macedonia). Since then, the EU has launched and run 34 operations and missions on three continents; 22 civilian and 12 military. Currently there are 16 ongoing CSDP operations, 10 civilian and six military.

Although yet to be deployed, the EU Battle Groups (EUBGs) offer a further instrument enabling the EU and its Member States to independently and rapidly respond to emerging conflicts and crises.

Defence and security measures have thus become key elements of the EU's integrated response (in addition to diplomacy and development assistance) to crises in the immediate

neighbourhood and beyond as well as to the global challenges, all of which also directly affect the EU?s own security.

From assistance to intervention - the broad range of CSDP missions and operations:

CSDP missions and operations are a unique instrument in the EU's toolbox allowing for direct action to manage a conflict or crisis. This is normally done at the request of the country to which assistance is being provided and always in full respect of international law.

Decisions to establish these missions are taken on a case by case basis and aim at responding to external conflicts and crises when they arise. They are part of a strategic effort to provide security from the Sahel to the Horn of Africa, to the Middle East, ensuring maritime security along key routes, and enabling countries in the Western Balkans and Eastern Europe to fully recover from conflict and enhance their own security capacities and also protect the EU and its citizens through external action.

CSDP missions and operations may include contributions from third States. To date 18 Framework Participation Agreements (FPA) have been signed.

Planning and conduct procedures:

Decisions to establish and to launch missions and operations require the approval of all MS through a Council Decision.

During the conduct phase, the Political and Security Committee (PSC) (all MS represented) exercises political control and provides strategic direction of all crisis management missions and operations, under the authority of the Council and the High Representative. Each mission and operation has a single and identifiable chain of command for its safe and efficient conduct:

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- May 2019

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