Introduction to Philosophy



A deductive argument is valid if all of its premises are true? T/FA deductive argument is sound if it is in the correct logical form? T/FIf P then Q. Not-Q. Therefore, not-P. Valid/InvalidIf P then Q. Not-P. Therefore, not-Q. Valid/InvalidIf P then Q. Q. Therefore, P. Valid/Invalid If P then Q. P. Therefore, Q. Valid/InvalidWrite down a valid modus ponens argument that we have not used in class.Write down a valid modus tollens argument that we have not used in class. Someone says, “Abortion is wrong because fetuses are innocent persons and it is always wrong to kill innocent persons.” Translate their argument into a modus ponens form.Someone says, “I think it is wrong not to give money to people in other countries who are starving to death if you have enough to eat and are not in danger of starvation because if you saw someone who was starving on the street and had some extra food and did not give it to them it would be wrong. Explain the logical fallacy this argument makes: Man is the only rational animal. No woman is a man. Therefore, no woman is rational.Explain the logical fallacy this argument makes: It is always wrong to kill an innocent human being. A fetus is an innocent human being. Therefore, it is always wrong to kill a fetus. ................
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