Investment Strategy

Investment Strategy

Interpreting key concepts and choosing appropriate strategies

Contents

Asset Allocation

2 Strategic asset allocation 6 Sub-Asset Class diversification 8Choosing the appropriate mix 9 Portfolio rebalancing 10Disciplined investing 12 Managing your portfolio

Tax Efficiency

14 Tax-efficient investing 15Tax-smart investment

techniques1 16 Tax-loss harvesting 17Asset location

Your Next Steps

18Put your strategies to work 19Important information

Designing your specialized investment strategy

Your goals are as unique as you are.

That's why your personal investment strategy needs to reflect the following: ? Where you're headed ? How you plan to get there ? What your specific objectives are ? When you want to achieve them ? What level of risk you're willing to accept to reach your goals

In this discussion guide, we'll take a look at how you can use several investment strategies to serve your family's unique needs. The strategies are broken into two categories--asset allocation and tax efficiency.

Portfolio Review

At Fidelity, we believe: Investors should begin the portfolio review process by clearly defining their investing goals and time frame, then commit to periodic

reviews of their portfolio.

Asset Allocation

At Fidelity, we believe: ? Asset allocation is the single

most important factor in assessing the long-term riskand-return characteristics of a diversified portfolio.

? Efficient portfolio diversification can be one way to lower a portfolio's risk while maintaining its expected return.

Tax Efficiency

At Fidelity, we believe: ? Overlooking the potential

impact taxes can have on investment returns is one of the most common mistakes investors make.

? The type of account in which you hold certain assets can make a major difference in how much you can earn, after tax, over time.

INVESTMENT STRATEGY 1

ASSET ALLOCATION

Strategic asset allocation

Build a strategy designed for your needs, and stay committed to it.

Investors can trail the market significantly. Decisions by investors to get in and out of the market or to select underperforming investments can cause them to generate far lower returns than the overall market.

Asset allocation is the single most important factor in assessing the long-term risk-and-return characteristics of your portfolio. Research shows that the strategy of selecting the percentage of stocks, bonds, and cash in a portfolio can be said to be responsible for more than 90% of the variability in portfolio returns.2

Poor asset allocation decisions can cause the returns of the average stock or bond investor to lag the respective markets. You should allocate your investments across stocks, bonds, and cash to help reduce portfolio risk, seek attractive returns, and avoid the pitfalls of market timing. In addition, investors with longer time horizons have the capacity to accept a higher level of portfolio volatility associated with a more significant weighting in equities, which should include broadly diversified international funds to take advantage of diversification benefits outside the United States.

Determining your asset mix.

Your time horizon, current financial situation, and risk tolerance for market swings will influence how aggressively or conservatively you choose to invest.

DETERMINING YOUR ASSET MIX

More Conservative

Profile

Short-term goal

Time Horizon

Long-term goal

No emergency funds Decreasing future income Large amount of debt

Adequate emergency funds Increasing future income

Current Financial Situation Small amount of debt

Less Conservative Profile

Market changes cause anxiety

Risk Tolerance

Comfort with market changes

Q

? Where do you fall on the spectrum of time horizon, current financial situation, and risk tolerance?

? How has your risk tolerance influenced your investment decisions?

2 INVESTMENT STRATEGY

ASSET ALLOCATION

Short Term

Conservative

Balanced

Growth

Aggressive Growth

Most Aggressive

Consider portfolio diversification and select your target asset mix.

Portfolio diversification is the mix of stocks, bonds, and cash held in a portfolio. One

way to help protect yourself from the unpredictability of the market may be to diversify

your holdings across these three main types of investments. This approach can help

lower

the

risks

associated

6%

with

having

all10y%our

money

in5%only

one

type

of

investment.

Int'l Stocks

Short Term

Short Term

YinvnooevlauearrStshirta1loeii0rsntt0tysTgi%erearemttsmimmseeeitnxfmtdryaieoxmp.uB5eKeo0mnne%adsdeallopysUST3w.hwlei0Saorn1%.smrar4Stgm%ntfooetcikrnltsyoadohctnhoIingBtan4y'oh1l0tsno5S%edi%rtudosercrUektp.sisSrre3.pea5Srm%etcogeccekrinsafnitdctaugffIoiBnaen2torl5'n2al%opsd1Sns%otfrococmsiUktcas.oeSel4.c9ssSikn%tisotsvcuokeisafnstttiyrooaoIrnBnn1usto.5'sn2lr%cTid5Stpos%tyioooupcUknlr.isdScti6.nfa0Solg%atlollsyciiok,tns.a3tIo0floyaynoIenlgutoa'3lewr0Sas%treroecoUrk.Srs7. 0S%tocks

longer, so the growth potential of your portfolio should still be an important consideration

when selecting your investment mix.

TARGET ASSET MIXES

100%

6% 30%

50% 14%

9%20% 50% 21%

12% 15% 45% 28%

15%10% 35%

40%

18% 5% 42%

35%

5% 21% 25% 49%

25% 15% 60%

30% 70%

Short-Term

Conservative

Moderate with Income

Moderate

Balanced

Growth with Income

Growth

May be appropriate for investors who:

Aggressive Growth

All Stock

? Seek to preserve capital

? Seek to minimize fluctuations in market values

? Seek income ? Seek income ? Seek

and the

and the

potential

potential

potential

for capital

for capital for capital appreciation

appreciation, appreciation, and some

with a slight with a slight growth

priority on priority

income

on capital

appreciation

? Seek moderate growth and income

? Have a preference for growth

? Seek aggressive growth

? Seek very aggressive growth

? Can accept the lowest returns in exchange for price stability

? Take an incomeoriented approach with some potential for capital appreciation

? Can withstand moderate fluctuations in market values

? Can withstand moderate fluctuations in market values

? Can withstand moderate fluctuations in market value

? Can withstand moderate fluctuations in market values

? Can withstand significant fluctuations in market value

? Can tolerate wide fluctuations in market values, especially over the short term

? Can tolerate very wide fluctuations in market values, especially over the short term

Legend: n Short-Term n International Stocks n Domestic Stocks n Bonds

Q ? What has led you to arrive at your current asset mix?

ASSET ALLOCATION 3

ASSET ALLOCATION

Strategic asset allocation

(continued)

Consider your asset mix return and volatility trade-offs.

Historically, as a portfolio's stock exposure increases, the potential for both higher returns and larger losses also increases. However, over longer time periods, volatility of returns is reduced.

ASSET MIX RISK AND RETURN

Annual Return Percentage (%)

12

9

6 100%

3

12% 15%

15%10%

5%

18% 5% 42%

21% 25%

49%

35%

40% 35%

9%20% 45% 28%

6% 30% 50%

21%

50% 14%

25% 15% 60%

30% 70%

Legend: n Short-Term n International Stocks n Domestic Stocks n Bonds

0

4

8

12

16

20

Risk % (Standard Deviation of Return)

Average Return

Historic Volatility

ShortTerm

Conservative

3.26% 5.93%

Moderate with Income

Moderate

Balanced

Growth with Income

6.71% 7.37% 7.99% 8.59%

Growth

9.05%

Aggressive Growth

9.77%

0.87% 4.47%

6.13% 7.80% 9.52% 11.28% 13.02% 15.70%

All Stock

10.31% 18.37%

Source: Fidelity Investments and Morningstar Inc. Hypothetical value of assets held in untaxed portfolios invested in U.S. stocks, international stocks, bonds, or short-term investments. Stocks, international stocks, bonds, and short-term investments are represented by total returns of the IA SBBI US Large Stock TR USD Ext 1/1926?1/1987, Dow Jones Total Market from 2/1987? 12/2021; IA SBBI US Large Stock TR USD Ext 1/1926?12/1969, MSCI EAFE 1/1970?11/2000, MSCI ACWI Ex USA GR USD 12/2000? 12/2021; US Intermediate-Term Government Bond Index from 1/1926?12/1975, Barclays Aggregate Bond from 1/1976?12/2021; and IA SBBI US 30-Day T-Bills 1/1926?12/2021. Standard deviation does not indicate how the securities actually performed but indicates the volatility of their returns over time. A higher standard deviation indicates a wider dispersion of past returns and thus greater historical volatility. The chart does not represent the performance of any Fidelity fund. You cannot invest directly in an index. Stock prices are more volatile than those of other securities. Government bonds and corporate bonds have more moderate short-term price fluctuation than stocks but provide lower potential long-term returns. US Treasury bills maintain a stable value if held to maturity, but returns are generally only slightly above the inflation rate. The purpose of the asset mixes is to show how asset mixes may be created with different risk-and-return characteristics to help meet an investor's goals. You should choose your own investments based on your particular objectives and situation. Remember that you may change how your account is invested. Be sure to review your decisions periodically to make sure they are still consistent with your goals. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Asset allocation does not ensure a profit or guarantee against a loss.

4 INVESTMENT STRATEGY

ASSET ALLOCATION ASSET ALLOCATION 5

ASSET ALLOCATION

Sub-Asset Class Diversification

Establishing your asset allocation mix is important, but your investment strategy also needs to take into consideration the sub?asset classes, or the more specific holdings of several categories of assets.

Not all market capitalizations, sectors, and regions prosper at the same time. By spreading your investments across several asset classes and sub?asset classes, you may be able to reduce portfolio risk and take advantage of opportunities as various assets rotate in and out of favor.

Stocks

At the heart of diversification is the concept of correlation, or the measure of how the returns of two investments tend to move together, i.e., whether their returns move in the same or in opposite directions, and to what degree. To build a diversified portfolio, you should consider owning investments across multiple asset classes. This is because different asset classes typically have different risk-return trade-offs.

Because it's impossible to predict which will outperform, you should diversify not only across asset classes but also within an asset class. For example, within equities, you could have large-, medium-, and small-capitalization stocks; growth and value stocks; and domestic and international stocks.

Bonds

Fixed-income investing is a critical component of asset allocation. Diversifying across a broad spectrum of fixed-income issuers, sectors, and maturities may significantly improve your portfolio's risk-adjusted return while helping to protect it against interest rate changes.

Q ? How have you attempted to reduce risk in your portfolio? ? How familiar are you with different sub?asset classes in the market?

6 INVESTMENT STRATEGY

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