ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION - Mud Buddy

REPAIR MANUAL

ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION

SERVICE & DIAGNOSTICS

VANGUARDTM 810 EFI

BIG BLOCKTM EFI

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Table of Contents

Page Section 1: Diagnostic Introduction .......................................................................... 1 Section 2: Troubleshooting DTCs ........................................................................... 9 Section 3: Wire Schematics and Pin-Outs ............................................................. 73 Section 4: Symptoms ............................................................................................. 89 Section 5: Removal/Installation ............................................................................ 103

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Section 1: Diagnostic Introduction

CAUTIONS

To reduce the chance of personal injury and/or property damage, the following instructions must be carefully observed.

Proper service and repair are important to the safety of the service technician and the safe, reliable operation of all Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) equipped engines. If part replacement is necessary, the part must be replaced with one of the same part number or with an equivalent part. Do not use a replacement part of lesser quality.

The service procedures recommended and described in this service manual are effective methods of performing service and repair. Some of these procedures require the use of tools specifically designed for the purpose.

Accordingly, anyone who intends to use a replacement part, service procedure, or tool which is not recommended by the manufacturer, must first determine that neither his safety nor the safe operation of the unit will be jeopardized by the replacement part, service procedure or tool selected.

It is important to note that this manual contains various Cautions and Notices that must be carefully observed in order to reduce the risk of personal injury during service or repair, or the possibility that improper service or repair may damage the unit or render it unsafe. It is also important to understand that these "Cautions" and "Notices" are not exhaustive, because it is impossible to warn of all the possible hazardous consequences that might result from failure to follow these instructions.

All information, illustrations and specifications contained in this manual are based on the latest product information available at the time of publication approval. The right is reserved to make changes at any time without notice.

Section 1: Diagnostic Introduction

Section 1 Diagnostic Introduction

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On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check ......................................................... 3 Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) ........................................................................ 3 Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) ......................................................................... 3 Data Link Connector (DLC) ................................................................................... 3 Non-Scan Diagnostics .......................................................................................... 3 Scan Diagnostics .................................................................................................. 3 Use MIL to Read DTCs ......................................................................................... 4 Use Tiny Scan Code Reader to Read/Clear DTCs ............................................... 4 Use Electronic Technician Assistant (ETA) to Read/Clear DTCs .......................... 5 Back Probing Connector Terminals ....................................................................... 5 Avoiding ECM Damage ......................................................................................... 6 Special Tools ......................................................................................................... 7 Product Improvements/Field Upgrades ................................................................ 8

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On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

The basic steps of any diagnosis are as follows:

1. Observe the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) with engine running. If MIL is illuminated, then current Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) are present.

2. Read DTC(s) using MIL, Tiny Scan Code Reader, or Electronic Technician Assistant (ETA) software.

3. To diagnose system problem(s), proceed to the applicable Diagnostic Table(s) in Section 2: Troubleshooting DTCs.

4. Once the problem is located and corrected through repair or replacement of faulty components, clear DTC(s) using the Tiny Scan Code Reader or the ETA software.

NOTE: For information on the location or replacement of specific components, see Section 5: Removal/Installation.

5. Start and run engine to validate repairs. Observe MIL to verify that no DTCs are set.

6. If no DTCs are set, but engine performance issues exist, see Section 4: Symptoms.

Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)

The ECM receives voltage signals from as many as five sensors. Each sensor functions within an established set of parameters, which can be viewed as its operating "window."

When a malfunction or fault condition occurs, a change in the signal voltage alerts the ECM that the sensor is functioning outside its operating "window," a DTC is set and stored in ECM memory, and the MIL is illuminated.

A default value temporarily replaces the erroneous sensor value to restore engine performance until the problem is corrected.

Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)

As a bulb and diagnostic system check, the MIL illuminates at Ignition ON, Engine OFF.

When the engine is started, the MIL is extinguished if no current fault condition exists.

If the MIL remains illuminated, it is an indication that a current DTC is stored. If the fault should correct itself, as in an intermittent condition, the MIL is extinguished after a ten second delay. The DTC remains stored in ECM memory as a historic code until cleared by the technician. The MIL does not indicate the existance of only historic codes.

Data Link Connector (DLC)

The DLC provides for direct communication with the ECM. By plugging the Tiny Scan Code Reader or laptop (with ETA software loaded) into the 6-pin connector in the EFI wire harness, the DTCs stored in ECM memory can be read and cleared.

Non-Scan Diagnostics

In the Non-Scan diagnostic mode, either the MIL or the Tiny Scan Code Reader is used to read DTCs. The technician then refers to the applicable Diagnostic Table to troubleshoot the problem. Those tables labeled Non-Scan Diagnostics must be used, as the data stream provided by the ECM is not available for analysis.

Scan Diagnostics

In the more sophisticated diagnostic mode, the ETA software can facilitate the diagnosis of system problems through an expanded interface with the ECM. Through the use of data displays and menu selections, the technician has access to "live" data for analysis.

It is important to note that the software is not a stand-alone diagnostic tool for resolving DTCs, but must be used in conjunction with the Diagnostic Tables for the most efficient and effective diagnosis. Those tables that are applicable to users with access to the ETA software are labeled as Scan Diagnostics.

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Section 1: Diagnostic Introduction

First one second pause

= 3

Second one second pause

= 3

Third one second pause

= 7

= 0 First digit (always 0)

Second digit Third digit Fourth digit

= P0337 CKP Sensor No Signal

Three second pause

One second pause

=1

= 6 = 61 End Code

Figure 1-1 MIL Flash Sequence.

Use MIL to Read DTCs Proceed as follows: 1. Verify that battery voltage is above 12v. 2. Turn Ignition key OFF for ten seconds. 3. Turn Ignition key ON-OFF-ON-OFF-ON

(but do not start the engine).

NOTE: No more than 2.5 seconds can elapse between each ON and OFF cycle or the routine is aborted.

4. When performed correctly, the MIL begins to flash the first of four digits. NOTE: While each DTC actually begins with the letter "P," only the numeric characters are flashed.

8. Write down each digit as it is displayed.

9. If there is more than one DTC, the next DTC begins to flash after a three second pause.

10. After all DTCs are reported, the number "61" is flashed to indicate this condition to the technician. The flashing sequence is then restarted and the technician may choose to verify the DTCs written down or exit the routine.

NOTE: If "61" is the first code flashed, then no active DTCs are set.

Use Tiny Scan Code Reader to Read/Clear DTCs

Proceed as follows:

NOTE: Always follow steps 1-9 for an accurate report of current DTCs. Failure to do so may generate a report that includes historic codes.

1. Obtain Briggs & Stratton Tiny Scan Code Reader (Part No. 19626).

2. Connect code reader to DLC.

3. Turn Ignition ON, Engine OFF.

NOTE: If the Tiny Scan Code Reader cannot connect to the ECM, "no-C" is displayed, which stands for "no communication." If communication is established, the

5. Also, the first digit of every DTC is zero, which is represented as a series of ten flashes before the first one second pause.

6. Count the number of flashes after the first one second pause to obtain the second digit of the DTC.

7. Count the number of flashes after the second one second pause to obtain the third digit, and then count the number of flashes after the third one second pause to obtain the fourth digit.

Figure 1-2 Data Link Connector (DLC).

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