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7th Chapter 14 Notes – Infectious DiseasesLesson OneInfectious DiseaseContagious DiseasesHow Diseases SpreadLesson TwoBacteriaStrep ThroatThroat CultureRheumatic FeverSinusesSinusitisTuberculosisSymptoms of TBCarriersAvoiding Bacterial InfectionsAntibioticsLesson ThreeVirusGenetic MaterialHow Viruses Can be PassedCommon ColdSymptoms of ColdInfluenzaSymptomsVaccineMononucleosisWays to Prevent Viral InfectionsLesson FourSexually Transmitted DiseaseInfertilitySexual AbstinenceCommon STDsAIDSHIVSymptoms of AIDSHow HIV is SpreadLesson FivePreventing Spread of Infectious DiseaseIs an illness that is caused by microorganismsMicroorganisms – very small things that are found everywhereSpread directly or indirectly from one person to anotherTouching, Coughing or Sneezing, Sharing, Sexual ContactVery simple single-celled microorganisms that are found everywhere. Reproduce very quickly. Caused by a type of bacterium called streptococcus. Pain when you swallow, fever. A test in which a doctor uses a cotton swab to wipe the back of the throatCaused when strep throat infections are not treated properly. Can affect your heart valves and large joints. Spaces located within the front of the skullMany have small tubes that drain fluid down into the nose or throat, if tube gets blocked, the sinuses become clogged and become inflamed.Inflammation of a sinusUsually not contagious. Symptoms of Sinusitis: congestion, runny nose, fever, headache. Serious disease caused by a slow-growing bacteriumVery tired, have a fever, night sweats, cough. Few or no symptoms. Can pass to disease to others. Kills about 3 million people worldwide a year. All cases must be reported to the health department. Limit contact with people who have bacterial infection, avoid sharing food or drink with others, wash hands frequently, take warm showers, eat properly and get enough sleep. A drug that can kill bacteria or slow the growth of bacteria. Penicillin - first antibiotic, discovered by accident 1928. Alexander Fleming – bacteria in a Petri Dish were dying where mold was growing. 1940s – became available to many peopleOne of the smallest and simplest disease-causing agents. They are EVERWHERE. Responsible for many diseases, some deadly. Not considered to be living things. Cannot reproduce on its own. Must reproduce by invading a living thingChemical information that is passed on during reproductionTouching living or nonliving objects, coughing, sneezing, insect bites, blood, sexual contact. Most common viral infection. Caused by many different kinds of viruses. On average, person gets about 2 colds a year. Spread by coughing, sneezing, touching. Congestion, runny nose, sore throat, sneezing, and coughing. Medicines available. Drink lots of fluids and get rest. “Flu” – viral infection that is very common in winter months. Spread by coughing, sneezing, touching. Body aches, headaches, high fever, chills, congestion, cough, sore throat. HIGH FEVER – main difference between cold and fluSubstance that helps the body build resistance to a certain disease. Cannot completely stop the spread of a virus. Mono or “kissing disease” is caused by a virus called EBV. Common in older teens and young adults. Spread by coughing, sneezing, kissing or sharing food and drink. Make you tired for weeks, bad sore throat, fever, swollen spleen, swollen lymph nodes (small oval structures located throughout body that help remove harmful substances from fluids surrounding cells). Best ways to prevent viral diseases are vaccines. Students are legally required to get vaccines before they are allowed to go to schoolAny disease that can be passed from person to person by any form of sexual contact. Caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites1 in 4 newly infected people is a teenagerMillions of new cases each yearSymptoms vary. Brain damage, paralysis, and death. Inability to produce childrenRefusal to take part in sexual activityTABLE 2 – pg. 311 look at and discuss. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome – deadly disease. Caused by HIV, an infectious virus. Virus that attacks the immune system, which is the group of cells and tissues that defends your body against disease. Slowly destroys the person’s ability to fight diseaseFever, weight loss, sores covering body. Gradually becomes more ill and eventually dies. Sexual Contact, Mother to Child, Drug Use, Blood TransfusionFirst reported in 1981, since spread worldwide. Keep Clean – practice good hygiene, avoid infection, protect others – cover mouth when you sneeze or cough ................
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