October, 2002



March, 2013DENISE F. POLIT, Ph.D., FAANHUMANALYSIS, INC.75 Clinton StreetSaratoga Springs, New York 12866 U.S.A.(518) 587-3994 (518) 306-4595 (FAX) email: denisefpolit@ Website: EDUCATIONPh.D.Boston College, USA, 1977 (Educational Research, Measurement and Evaluation; Minor in Women and Health)M.Ed.Boston College, USA, 1974 (Educational Psychology)B.A.Wellesley College, USA, 1969 (Art History; Minor in Social Psychology)EMPLOYMENT HISTORY--CURRENTGriffith University, Centre for Health Practices Innovation, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (2005—2009), Adjunct Professor(2010-present), ProfessorDr. Polit is a Professor within the Griffith Health Institute (Centre for Health Practice Innovation) at Griffith University, where she spends 6-8 weeks annually. During her visits, she leads grant-writing workshops, offers seminars on topics such as research design, instrument development, measurement, and statistical analysis for doctoral students and faculty, and provides individual consultations on dissertations, grant applications, and publications. She also collaborates throughout the year with colleagues at Griffith on studies and research articles. Humanalysis, Inc., Saratoga Springs, New York, USA (1983—present)PresidentDr. Polit is the president of a research organization that offers research consultation services and produces scholarly publications on research relating to health issues, including major textbooks on research methods and statistics for nurses. Substantively, the primary focus of the organization has been on the health and welfare of disadvantaged groups, especially low-income women and their children. Dr. Polit has also engaged in considerable methodologic research on topics such as scale construction, intervention design, intention-to-treat analysis, generalizability, and blinding. The following projects, many of which were funded by a consortium of U. S. government agencies and private foundations, are examples of Dr. Polit’s work at Humanalysis, Inc.:Director, Survey component of the Project on Devolution and Urban Change (1999-2005), a study of the effects of new U. S. social welfare policies on family health and well-being in urban families. This project was a $12 million study funded by a consortium of grantees, including the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the Ford Foundation, the Annie Casey Foundation, the Pew Charitable Trusts, the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, and the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, through the Manpower Demonstration Research CorporationCo-Principal Investigator of the evaluation of the New Chance Demonstration (1994-1997), a multisite randomized controlled trial of a comprehensive two-generational program for disadvantaged teenage mothers and their children. This multi-million dollar project, which involved longitudinal surveys of both the women and a focal child, was funded by a consortium of grantees through the Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation.Principal Investigator (1991-1993), Effects of early motherhood and welfare receipt on child development outcomes (secondary analysis of data from a national longitudinal survey. Funded via a competitive grant from the National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development, NIH.Principal Investigator (1988-1990), Longitudinal study of parenting and child development among low-income teen mothers and their children. Funded via competitive grant from the U.S. Office of Population Affairs and from the Ford Foundation.Principal Investigator (1986-1988), Study of the needs for family planning services and sexuality education among young women in foster care. Funded via competitive grant from the U.S. Office of Population Affairs.Principal Investigator (1986-1987), Survey of foster care caseworkers' practices regarding pregnancy and pregnancy prevention in the foster care population. Funded through competitive grant from the Child Welfare Institute.Principal Investigator (1983-1985), The impact analysis of Project Redirection, a national demonstration of a comprehensive service model for teenage mothers. Funded by a consortium of funders, including the Ford Foundation and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, through the Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation.Lead investigator on several methodologic studies (2006-present). Dr. Polit has been doing methodologic work that has led to some path-breaking papers, notably papers on content validity, intention-to-treat analysis, and generalizability. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY--PREVIOUSAmerican Institutes for Research, Cambridge, MA and Washington, DC (1977—1983) Senior Research ScientistResponsibilities included the creation of a program of research relating to women, families and family policy, as well as initiating and managing several projects in this area. Examples of studies, all of which were funded based on Dr. Polit’s grant applications, include:Principal Investigator (1980-1983), Evaluation of a 10-site national demonstration project for teenage mothers (Ford Foundation)Principal Investigator (1977-1979), Qualitative study of the social and psychological consequences of membership in a one-parent/one-child family (National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, NIH)Principal Investigator (1977-1979), Mixed method study of contraceptive decision-making among teenage couples (National Institutes of Child Health & Human Development, NIH)Co-investigator and Project Evaluator (1980-1981), A national campaign to improve children's dietary practices (U. S. Department of Agriculture)Boston College, Laboratory for Statistical and Policy Research, Newton, MA (1975—1978)Senior Research AssociatePlayed an active role in all phases of the research process on several studies; responsibilities included project management, research design, instrument development, data management, data analysis, proposal development and report writing. Specific studies included (1) a longitudinal study of educational and life outcomes for a cohort of Puerto Rican youth, with focus on the consequences of drug and alcohol use; (2) a study of the psychological correlates and consequences of family size for parents and children; and (3) a study of the mental health service needs of adolescents.Boston College, School of Nursing, (1976-1978)Instructor of Research: Taught research methods courses and seminars; introduced important curricular changes and authored what was to become the world’s leading research methods textbook for nurses.Boston College, School of Education, (1975-1976)Teaching Fellow: Taught research seminars to undergraduate students.TEACHING ACTIVITIESAlthough Dr. Polit does not have a year-round teaching appointment, she has offered seminars and lectures on a wide range of research and statistical topics of interest to nurse researchers. These include regular seminars at Griffith University, as well seminars at James Cook University, University of KwaZulu Natal (South Africa), Gothenberg University (Sweden), faculty and students in the Philippines, and several American universities on an ad hoc basis. She is slated to give presentations in Denmark, Ireland, and India in 2014-2015. Topics on which she has made presentations include the following:Developments and Controversies in Health MeasurementResponsiveness and the Measurement of ChangeDesigning and Conducting a Pilot StudyDeveloping and Testing Clinical InterventionsDeveloping Self-Report ScalesContent Validity in Scale DevelopmentExternal Validity: The Importance of Generalizability in an EBP WorldInternal Validity: The Holy GrailSuccessful GrantsmanshipExploratory Factor AnalysisMissing Data: Methods for Addressing a Persistent ProblemConnecting with and Cultivating the Researcher Within UsEvidence-Based Practice: A Journey not a DestinationIntention-to-Treat in Randomized Controlled TrialsThe Challenges of Mixed Methods ResearchImpact Factors and Publication OpportunitiesTeaching Research—and Having Students Enjoy ItDr. Polit has supervised or been a reader on doctoral dissertations for students at Yale University and Columbia University. At Griffith University, she has provided ongoing consultation to numerous students working on their Master’s theses or doctoral dissertations. In 2007, Dr. Polit was invited to give the graduation address at the graduation of Japanese nursing students from the Nissoken Program, a collaboration between Griffith University and a Japanese nursing school.Dr. Polit was involved in curriculum development and a filmed lecture series on research methods for an online research course (Walden University) Dr. Polit taught research methods courses for three years at the Boston College School of Nursing, where she developed the leading textbook on research methods for nurses.PUBLICATIONS AND REPORTSBooksPolit, D. F. (in preparation). Measurement and the Measurement of Change: A Primer for Health-Care Professionals. Under contract with Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2014). Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins., 8th edition; 7th ed., 2010; 6th edition, 2005; 5th edition, 2001; 4th edition, 1997; 3rd edition, 1993; 2nd edition, 1989; 1st edition, 1985). Editions 1-4 were co-authored by B. Hungler. Several editions were awarded Book of the Year Award, American Journal of Nursing. Translated into German, Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese.Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2012). Nursing Research: Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing Practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. (9th ed.; 8th ed., 2008; 7th edition, 2003; 6th edition, 1999; 5th edition, 1995; 4th edition, 1991; 3rd edition, 1987; 2nd edition, 1983; 1st edition, 1979). Editions 1-7 were published under the title Nursing Research: Principles and Methods, and editions 1-6 were co-authored by B. Hungler. Several editions (including the 8th and 9th editions) were awarded Book of the Year Awards, American Journal of Nursing. Translated into Spanish, Japanese, and Portuguese. Preparation of the 10th edition will begin in 2014.Polit, D. F. (2010) Statistics and Data Analysis for Nursing Research (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. (1st edition, 1996, by Appleton & Lange under the title Data Analysis and Statistics for Nursing Research). The second edition was awarded Book of the Year (AJN) for 2010.Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., Loiselle, C., & Profetto-McGrath, J. (2011). Canadian Essentials of Nursing Research. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. (3rd edition, 2011; 2nd edition, 2007; 1st edition, 2004). Translated into French.Polit, D. F., & Berman, J. (1984). Just the Right Size: A Guide to Family Planning Decisions. New York: Praeger Press.Journal ArticlesRay-Barruel, G., Polit, D. F. Murfield, J., Marsh, N., & Rickard, C. (submitted). Phlebitis assessment scales: A systematic literature review. BMC Medical Research Methodology.Polit, D. F. (submitted). Getting serious about test-retest reliability: A critique of retest research and some recommendations. Submitted to Journal of Clinical Epidemiology.Polit, D. F. & Beck, C. T. (2013). Gender bias in nursing research: An update. Research in Nursing & Health, 36, 75-83.Gillespie, B., Polit, D.F., Hamlin, L., & Chaboyer, W. (2013). The influence of personal characteristics on perioperative nurses’ perceived competence: Implications for workforce planning. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 30, 14-25.Vaughan, S., Morris, N., Shum, D., O’Dwyer, S., & Polit, D. F. (2012). Study protocol: A randomised controlled trial of the effects of a multi-modal exercise program on cognition and physical functioning in older women. BMC Geriatrics, Sep 26;12:60. doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-12-60.Polit, D. F. & Beck, C. T. (2012). Gender bias undermines evidence on gender and health. Qualitative Health Research, 22, 1298.Polit, D. F., & Chaboyer, W. (2012). Statistical process control in nursing research. Research in Nursing & Health, 35, 82-93. (4th most downloaded paper for this journal in 2012).Gillespie, B., Polit, D.F., Chaboyer, W., & Hamlin L. (2012). Developing a model of competence in the operating theatre: Psychometric validation of the Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale-Revised, International Journal of Nursing Studies, 49. 90-101. Polit, D. F., Gillespie, B., & Griffin, R. (2011). Deliberate ignorance: A systematic review of the use of blinding in nursing clinical trials. Nursing Research, 60, 9-16.Polit, D. F. (2011). Blinding in the analysis of research data. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48, 636-641.Polit, D. F. (2011). Comments on “Intention-to-treat: further insight.” Research in Nursing & Health, 34,5-6 .Polit, D. F., & Northam, S. (2011). Impact factors in nursing journals. Nursing Outlook, 35, 237-242.Clement-O’Brien, K., Polit, D. F., & Fitzpatrick, J. (2011). Innovativeness of nursing leaders. Journal of Nursing Management,19,431-438.Polit, D. F. & Beck, C. T. (2010). Generalization in quantitative and qualitative research: Myths and strategies. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 47, 1451-1458. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.06.004Polit, D. F., & Gillespie, B. (2010). Intention-to-treat in randomized controlled trials: Recommendations for a total trial strategy. Research in Nursing & Health, 33, 355-368. (N.B., awarded Best Methodological Paper published in RINAH in 2010).Crilly, J., Chaboyer, W., Wallis, M., Thalib, L., & Polit, D. (2010). Evaluation of a Hospital-in-the-Nursing-Home admission avoidance program. Journal of Clinical Nursing.Polit, D. F., & Northam, S. (2010). Publication opportunities for nurses in non-nursing journals. Nurse Educator, 35, 237-242.Polit, D. F., & Gillespie, B. (2009). The use of the intention-to-treat principle in nursing clinical trials. Nursing Research, 58, 410-419. Polit, D., & Beck, C. T. (2009). International differences in nursing research, 2005-2006. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 2009, 41, 52-61. (Awarded best paper published in JNS, awarded in 2011).Polit, D., & Beck, C. T. (2009). International gender bias in nursing research, 2005-2006: A quantitative content analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 46, 1102-1110. Polit, D., & Beck, C. T. (2008). Is there gender bias in nursing research? Research in Nursing & Health, 31, 417-427.Griffin, R., Polit, D., & Byrne, M. (2008). Nurse characteristics and inferences about children’s pain. Pediatric Nursing, 34, 297-305. Griffin, R., Polit, D., & Byrne, M. (2007). Stereotyping and nurses’ recommendations for treating pain in hospitalized children. Research in Nursing & Health, 30(6), 655-666. Polit, D., Beck, C., & Owens, S. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in Nursing & Health, 30 (4), 459-467. Polit, D., & Beck, C. (2006). The content validity index: Are you sure you know what’s being reported? Research in Nursing & Health, 29 (5), 489-497. (N.B. 9th most downloaded paper for this journal in 2012).Polit, D., White, C., & Morton, T. (2000). Child sexual abuse and premarital intercourse among high-risk adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 13, 231-234. Polit, D.F., & Sherman, R. (1990). Statistical power in nursing research, Nursing Research, 39, 365-369.Polit, D. F. (1990). Effects of a comprehensive teen parent program: The five-year follow-up of Project Redirection. Family Planning Perspectives, 21, 164-169. Polit, D., Morton, T., and White, C. (1989). Sex, contraception, and pregnancy among adolescents in foster care. Family Planning Perspectives, 21, 203-206. Polit, D. F., & Falbo, T. (1988). The intellectual development of only children. Journal of Biosocial Science, 20, 275-285. Polit, D. F., White, C.., & Morton, T. (1987). Sex education and family planning services for adolescents in foster care. Family Planning Perspectives, 19, 18-23. Polit, D. F., & Falbo, T. (1987). Only children and personality development: A quantitative review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 49, 309-325. Polit, D. F., & Kahn, J. (1986). Early subsequent pregnancy among economically disadvantaged teenage mothers. The American Journal of Public Health, 76, 167-171. Falbo, T., & Polit, D. F. (1986). A quantitative review of the only child literature: Research evidence and theory development. Psychological Bulletin, 100, 176-189. Polit, D. F., & Kahn, J. (1985). Project Redirection: Impacts of a comprehensive program for disadvantaged teenage mothers. Family Planning Perspectives, 17(4), 150-157. Polit, D. F., & Kahn, J. (1985). Communication and contraceptive practices in adolescent couples. Adolescence, 20, 33-43. Falbo, T., & Polit, D. F. (1985). Only children: What do we know about them? Pediatric Nursing, 11, 356-360. Polit, D. F., Nuttall, R., & Nuttall, E. (1980). The only child grows up: A look at some of the characteristics of adult only children. Family Relations, 29(1), 118-125. Polit, D. F., & LaRocco, S. (1980). Social and psychological correlates of menopausal symptoms. Psychosomatic Medicine, 42, 335-340. LaRocco, S., & Polit, D. F. (1980). A study of women's knowledge about the menopause. Nursing Research, 29, 10-13. Hungler, B., Joyce, A., & Polit, D. F. (1979). Professionalism in nursing master's graduates. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 4, 193-203. Polit, D. F. (1978). Stereotypes relating to voluntary childlessness and differential family size. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 40, 105-114.Polit, D. F. (1978). Implications of nontraditional work schedules for women. Urban and Social Change Review, 11, 37-42. LaRocco, S., & Polit, D. F. (1978). Nurses' attitudes toward mandatory continuing education for relicensure. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 9, 25-35.Nuttall. E., Nuttall, R., Polit, D. F., & Clark, K. (1977). Assessing adolescent mental health needs: The views of consumers, providers and others. Adolescence, 12, 277-285.Polit, D. F., Nuttall, R., & Hunter, J. (1976). Women and drug abuse: A look at some of the issues. Urban and Social Change Review, 9, 9-16. Book ChaptersPolit, D. F. (2012) Data collections methods. In Encyclopedia of Nursing Research (3rd ed.), Joyce Fitzpatrick, Ed. New York: Springer.Polit, D. F. (2005). Data collection methods. In Encyclopedia of Nursing Research (2nd ed.), Joyce Fitzpatrick, Ed. New York: Springer.Polit, D. F. (1998). Data collection methods. In Encyclopedia of Nursing Research, Joyce Fitzpatrick, Ed. New York: Springer.Polit, D. F., & O’Hara, J. (1989). The role of support services under welfare reform. In Welfare Policies for the 1990s, P.H. Cottingham and David T. Ellwood, Eds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Polit, D. F., & LaRocco, S. (1986). The menopausal syndrome: Psychosocial correlates. In S. Diamond and M. Maliszewski (Eds.) Sex and Headaches. New York: Williams and Wilkins.Selected Published ReportsPolit, D. F., et al. (2005). Welfare Reform in Los Angeles: Implementation, Effects, and Experiences of Poor Families and Neighborhoods. New York, NY: MDRC.Polit, D. F., et al. (2003). Welfare Reform in Philadelphia: Implementation, Effects, and Experiences of Poor Families and Neighborhoods. New York, NY: MDRC. Polit, D. F., Widom, R., & Edin, K. (2001). Is Work Enough? Experiences of Current and Former Welfare Mothers Who Work. New York, NY: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation.Polit, D. F., London, A., & Martinez, J. (2001). The Health of Poor Urban Women: Findings from the Project on Devolution and Urban Change. New York, NY: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation.Polit, D. F., London, A., & Martinez, J. (2000). Food Security and Hunger in Poor, Mother-Headed Families in Four U.S. Cities. NY: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation.Quint, J., Bos, H., & Polit, D. F. (1997). New Chance: Final Report on a Comprehensive Program for Young Mothers in Poverty and their Children. New York, NY: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation.SELECTED CONSULTANCIES TO FOUNDATIONS AND RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONSDevelopment of the Positive Behavior Scale, a measure of children’s socioemotional development; scale has been widely used in program evaluations and in national surveys in the U.S. (Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation) Implementation study of the JOBS program for welfare recipients, Advisory Board Member (Nelson Rockefeller Institute of Government).An evaluation of Project LEAP, a special intervention for teenage mothers on welfare in Ohio (Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation).An evaluation of the Teen Parent Demonstration, a program of comprehensive services for teen parents who are welfare recipients funded by the Office of Family Assistance (Co-Principal Investigator, Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.).An analysis of the role of support services for women receiving AFDC benefits under welfare reform initiatives (Rockefeller Foundation).An assessment of methodological constraints in evaluations of programs serving pregnant and parenting teens, based on lessons from Project Redirection (Mott Foundation).A review of the literature on comprehensive interventions for high-risk, disadvantaged teenage mothers (Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation).A review of the literature on the effectiveness of family planning services for adolescents (Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation).GRANT ACTIVITYDr. Polit has successfully written grant applications for numerous studies, and has obtained funding totaling in the millions of dollars. She has received funding from major U.S. government funding agencies, including National Institutes of Health, the U. S. Department of Health & Human Services, and the U. S. Department of Agriculture, and from major philanthropic foundation, such as the Ford Foundation and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Dr. Polit was a standing member of the Social Sciences and Population Study Section (SRG) for the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 1987-1991. She has also been a reviewer for ad hoc peer review panels convened by the National Institutes of Health. She served in 2009 on a Study Section for the National Institute for Nursing Research and in 2011 as a reviewer in the Healthcare Delivery and Methodologies Review Group. OTHER PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIESMember, Editorial Board of Research in Nursing & Health, 2010-presentClinical Associate, University of Connecticut School of Nursing, 2007-presentClinical Associate, New York University School of Nursing, 2010-presentReviewer for several professional journals (e.g., International Journal of Nursing Studies, Nursing Research, Research in Nursing & Health, Japan Journal of Nursing Science, Psychosomatic Medicine, Journal of Marriage and the Family, Family Relations). Skidmore College Institutional Review Board (1995-2001)Inducted as an Honorary Member, Sigma Theta Tau International, October 31, 2009Inducted as an Honorary Fellow of the American Academy of Nurses, November 13, 2010SELECTED COMMUNITY SERVICESaratoga YMCA, Board of Directors, 2010—present Opera Saratoga (formerly Lake George Opera), Board of Directors, 2010—present Saratoga Hospital (a Magnet Hospital), ad hoc research adviser for the nursing department, 2009—present Saratoga Foundation, Board of Trustees, 1997—present Skidmore College, Palamountain Scholarship Benefit Committee, 2002—present; chair for 25th and 26th annual event, 2004 & 2005Saratoga County Economic Opportunity Council (Community Action Agency for poverty-related services), Board Member, 2001-2007; chair of annual fund-raiser, 2005, 2006, 2007Transitional Services Association (Mental health service organization), Board Member, 1999--2005 City of Saratoga Springs, Charter Review Commission, Vice Chair (appointed by the mayor of Saratoga Springs), 2000-2002Previous Board of Directors memberships: Saratoga Film Forum (President); Home Made Theater (Vice president); Saratoga Springs Preservation Foundation; Saratoga County Arts Council (now Saratoga Arts). ................
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