PUBLICATIONS



11/2013

George P. Chrousos, MD

CURRICULUM VITAE

I. Biographical Information p. 2-3

II. Academic Honors and Awards p. 3-5

III. Membership in Professional and Scientific Organizations p. 6-

IV. Membership in Committees - Editorial Boards - Society Boards p. 6-8

V. Publications

Original Articles p. 8-57

Chapters, Reviews, Editorials p. 57-91

Books p. 91-93

I. BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

NAME: George P. Chrousos, M.D.

PRESENT ADDRESS: Kyprou 2

Athens, Greece 15 452

DATE AND PLACE OF BIRTH: July 18, 1951; Patras, Greece

CITIZENSHIP: Greece, USA

DEGREES: M.D., Athens University, Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece, 1975

Sc.D., Athens University, Athens, Greece, 1977

Doctor Honoris Causa, Liege University, Liege, Belgium, 2003

Doctor Honoris Causa, Universita Politechnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy 2006

Doctor Honoris Causa, University of Patras, Patras, Greece 2011

CURRENT POSITIONS: Professor and Chairman, First Department of Pediatrics and Head, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes (2001- ),

Athens University Medical School

UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care (2010- )

FORMER POSITIONS HELD: Senior Investigator

Developmental Endocrinology Branch (1981 - 1989)

National Institute of Child Health and Human

Development, NIH

Chief, Pediatric Endocrinology Section

Developmental Endocrinology Branch (1989 - 1999)

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH

Chief, Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch (1999-2001),

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH

Senior Investigator (part-time) and Distinguished Visiting Scientist, Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch (2002-2004) and Reproductive Biology and Medicine Branch (2005-2011), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH

POSTGRADUATE TRAINING 1975-1980

1. 1975-1976 Research Fellow, Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Athens University,

Athens, Greece.

2. 1975-1976 Resident, First Department of Internal Medicine, Athens University, Faculty of

Medicine, Athens, Greece.

3. 1976-1978 Resident, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY.

4. 1978-1981 Clinical Associate, Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child

Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.

CERTIFICATION AND LICENSURE

1. 1975 License to practice Medicine in Athens, Greece

2. 1975 Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG); Standard Certificate.

3. 1977 Federation of State Licensure Examination (FLEX). License to practice in Massachusetts, Maryland, Virginia and District of Columbia.

4. 1980 American Board of Pediatrics

5 1980 American Board of Pediatric Endocrinology

6. 1980 Greek Board of Pediatrics

7. 1981 Greek Board of Endocrinology

ADMINISTRATIVE DUTIES

Director, NICHD/Georgetown University ACGME-accredited Training Program in Pediatric Endocrinology (1988-2002)

Chairman, Medicine and Physiology Department, Foundation for the Advanced Education in the Sciences at the National Institutes of Health (1990-2002)

Chairman, Selection Committee and General Director, Biomedical Research Foundation (IIBEAA), Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (on sabbatical leave 2001-2002)

Director, Division of Maternal and Child Health, and Member, Board of Directors, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (2004-2005, 2007- 2009)

Director, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Evgenidion Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (2005- date)

Senior Scientist and Director, Clinical Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (IIBEAA), Athens, Greece (2008-)

Director, Graduate Program on the Management of Stress and Health Promotion, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece (2008-)

Director, Graduate Program on Pediatric and Nursing Research, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece (2008-)

Director, A’ Sector of Medicine, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, National Health Service (2009- )

Vice President, National Council on Research and Technology, Ministry of Education, Greece (2010- 2013)

II. ACADEMIC HONORS AND AWARDS

1. 1969-1975 "Scholarship of Excellence" awarded by the State Scholarship Institution, Ministry of

Education, Greek Government.

2. 1972-1975 Scholarship "A. Papadakis", Athens University, Athens, Greece.

3. 1975 M.D. Degree summa cum laude, Athens, University, Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece.

4. 1977 Doctorate Diploma, "Excellent." Athens University, Athens, Greece.

5. 1981-1983 Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

1983-1985 Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics

1985-Date Clinical Professor of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, D.C.

6. 1987 June The "Richard E. Weitzman Memorial Award," awarded by the U.S. Endocrine Society

"for outstanding research achievements in the fields of endocrinology and metabolism".

7. 1990-Date Adjunct Professor of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical

School, Washington, D.C.

8. 1990 Expert Testimony to 101st US Congress

9. 1991 May The "Galen Award", Hellenic American Society for the Health Sciences, Washington, D.C.

10. 1991 July Honorary Faculty, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

11. 1992 June Superior Service Award, U.S. Public Health Service, "for pioneering studies on the

regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function, leading to new insights into the pathophysiology of adrenal diseases and novel diagnostic strategies".

12. 1993 October Honorary Faculty, Parma University, Parma, Italy

13. 1997 June The 1997 Endocrine Society Clinical Investigator Award, “for major achievements in

clinical investigation”.

14. 1997 July The 1997 Hans Selye Award, Hans Selye Foundation, Montreal, Canada, “for

outstanding contributions to stress research.”

15. 1999 June First Prize, 1999 Pharmacia-Upjohn International Award for Excellence in Published

Clinical Research awarded by the US Endocrine Society.

16. 1999 June Professor of Pediatrics, Athens University Medical School (elected)

17. 1999 October The 1999 Novera Herbert Spector Award, International Society for

Neuroimmunomodulation, Lugano, Switzerland “for significant contributions in both leadership and research in neuroimmunomodulaton.”

18. 1999 October Certificate of Commendation, American Academy of Pediatrics “for important

contributions made to the mission and goals of the Academy and to the

children.”

19. 2000 Sept. The 2000 Henning Andersen Prize, European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology,

Brussels, Belgium

20. 2000 Nov. Mastership Award, American College of Endocrinology, “for distinction as a role model

and as a contributor to the Art and Science of Endocrinology.”

21. 2001 August Certificate of Recognition, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Teachers and Students

Internship Program, Bethesda MD

22. 2001 Nov ISI Highly Cited Researcher in Clinical Medicine, ISI, Philadelphia, Pa.

23. 2001 Nov. Fellow, Japan Health Sciences Foundation, Tokyo, Japan

24. 2002 April Clinical Endocrinology Trust Professor 2002, Sir Edward Sharpey-Schafer Medal,

British Endocrine Societies, for “major contributions to Endocrinology and Metabolism”

25. 2003 March Doctor Honoris Causa, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium

26. 2004 July Lifetime Achievement Award, International Society for Psycho-Neuro-Endocrinology,

Glasgow, UK for “outstanding scholarship and path-breaking contributions to Psychoneuroendocrinology”.

27. 2004 Dec Distinguished Physician Award, Hellenic Medical Society of New York

28. 2005 April Mastership Award, American College of Physicians (MACP), “for significant contributions to the Art and Science of Medicine”

29. 2006 May Doctor Honoris Causa, Universita Politechnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

30. 2006 June ISI Highly Cited Researcher in Biochemistry and Biology, ISI, Philadelphia, Pa.

31. 2006 Dec The 2006 Gentle Giant Award, Pituitary Network Association, Rancho Mirage, Ca. “for exceptional services above and beyond in the study of pituitary diseases”

32. 2007 April The 2007 Henning Andersen Prize, European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology,

Helsinki, Finland

33. 2007 June Symposium on Cortisol Secretion Abnormalities Honoring Dr. George P. Chrousos Horm Metab Res. 2007 Jun; 39(6): 401-3.

34. 2007 Honorary Member, American Pediaric Society

35. 2008 May 2008 Geoffrey Harris Prize in Neuroendocrinology, European Society of Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany

36. 2008 May Honorary Fellow (FRCP), Royal College of Physicians, London, UK.

37. 2008 Distinguished Visiting Scientist, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA

38. 2010 Distinguished Visiting Professor, King Saud University, Riyadh, S. Arabia

39. 2010 UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care

41. 2010 Member, Institute of Medicine, The National Academies, Washington, DC

42. 2010 Member, Academia Europaea (European Academy of Humanities, Letters and Sciences), London, UK

43. 2011 Distinguished Adjunct Professor, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA

44. 2011 John Kluge Chair on Technology and Society, The Library of Congress, Washington, DC

45. 2011 2011 Aristeion Bodossaki Prize, Bodossaki Foundation, Athens, Greece

46. 2011 UNICEF “Personality of the Year” award for “major contribution in the protection of the human rights of children” by the UNICEF Greek National Committee

47. 2011 Doctor Honoris Causa, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

48. 2011 The Constantine Moiras Award, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece

49. 2012 The 2012 Albert Struyvenberg Medal, The European Society of Clinical Investigation, Utrecht, the Netherlands “for Excellence and Leadership in Translational and Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research”.

50. 2013 Honorary Professor, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK

SELECTED NAMED LECTURES

1989 Beth Israel Seminar in Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA;

1989 Israel Macher Memorial Lecture, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY;

1990 Christos Choremis Memorial Lecture, Hellenic Pediatric Society Annual Meeting, Thessaloniki, Greece;

1991 Ira Rosenthal Lecture in Pediatrics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL;

1994 Beth Israel Seminar in Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA;

1994 Millie Schembechler Memorial Conference on Adrenal Cancer, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI;

1995 Mark Dodge Memorial Lecture, University of Kansas and University of Missouri at Kansas City, MO;

1996 Robert Vine Memorial Lecture, Australasian Pediatric Endocrinology Group Annual Meeting, Adelaide, Australia;

1997 Clinical Investigator Lecture, Endocrine Society, Minneapolis, MN;

1997 Hans Selye Memorial Lecture, International Congress of Stress, Budapest, Hungary;

1997 The J. Lester Gabrilove Lecture, Mount Sinai Medical School, New York, NY,

1998 The Novum Lecture, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden,

1998 The 1998 Dennis Ikkos Memorial Lecture, Hellenic Endocrine Society, Athens, Greece.

1999 The 1999 Novera Herbert Spector Lecture, Fourth International Congress of the International Society for Neuroimmunomodulation, Lugano, Switzerland.

1999 The 1999 Novartis Lecture, Canadian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ottawa, Canada

2000 The 2000 Nicholas Zervas Distinguished Lecture in Neuroendocrinology, Harvard University

Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

The 2001 George Merikas Memorial Lecture in Medicine, The University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece

2001 Commencement Address, The University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece

2002 The 2002 Visiting Professor Lecture, British Endocrine Societies, Harrogate, England

2002. The 2002 Keith Harrison Memorial Lecture, The Endocrine Society of Australia, Adelaide, Australia

2002. The 2003 Dennis Ikkos Memorial Lecture, Hellenic Endocrine Society, Thessaloniki, Greece

2003. Distinguished Lecturer in Stress Biology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania

2006. The 2006 Dennis Ikkos Memorial Lecture, Hellenic Endocrine Society, Athens, Greece

2007. Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Lecture on “Stress, Inflammation and Well-being”, Lisbon, Portugal

2007. Megaron plus lecture on “Genes, Brain, Stress, and Evolution”, Athens, Greece

2008. The 2008 Goeffrey Harris Lecture, European Society of Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany

2008. The 2008 Karolinska Annual Clinical Science Lecture, Stockholm, Sweden

2009. The 2009 Mortimer B. Lipsett Memorial Lecture, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland

2010 The 2010 Philip Hench Memorial Lecture, American College of Rheumatology, Atlanta, GA

2012 The 2012 Albert Struynvenberg Lecture, European Society of Clinical Investigation, Budapest, Hungary

III. MEMBERSHIPS IN PROFESSIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZATIONS

American Society for Clinical Investigation (Elected 1989)

Association of American Physicians (Inducted 1995)

The Society for Pediatric Research (Elected 1985)

The American Pediatric Society (Elected 1992)

The Endocrine Society

Lawson Wilkins Society for Pediatric Endocrinology

The Society for Neuroscience

American Federation for Clinical Research

American Academy of Pediatrics (Fellow)

American College of Physicians (Fellow, elected Master 2004)

New York Academy of Sciences

American Diabetes Association

International Brain Research Organization

International Society for Psychoneuroendocrinology

Molecular Medicine Society (Fellow)

European Society for Clinical Investigation (Elected 1995)

American College of Endocrinology (Fellow; Master, Elected 2000)

European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology (Corresponding Member, Elected 1997)

Association of Program Directors in Endocrinology and Metabolism (1998-2002)

Founding Member and Member of the Board, Association for Patient-Oriented Research (1999- 2002)

Fellow, The World Innovation Foundation (2004-)

Member of the Council, European Society for Clinical Investigation (2005-2008)

Member, MEDINE, Medical Education in Europe (2005-2007)

President, Hellenic Society of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology (2006-)

President, Hellenic College of Pediatrics (2006-)

President, European Society for Clinical Investigation (2008-2011)

European Academy of Pediatrics (2009-)

Member of the Council, European Society of Pediatric Endocrinology (2012-)

Fellow, Mind and Life Institute, New York, NY (2012-)

IV. MEMBERSHIP IN COMMITTEES - EDITORIAL BOARDS-SOCIETY BOARDS

Medical Record Committee (Chairman), Clinical Center, NIH (1990-1997)

Pediatric Care Committee, Clinical Center, NIH

Clinical Research Review Board, NICHD, NIH

NIH Graduate Medical Education Committee

Memorial Endowment Committee, Mortimer B. Lipsett Memorial Fund, The Endocrine Society, Bethesda, Maryland (1984)

Education Committee, The Endocrine Society, Bethesda, MD (1990-1993)

Editorial Board, Neuro-Endocrin-Immunology (1987-1990)

Editorial Board, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (1992-1995)

Editorial Board, NeuroImmunoModulation (1993-2002)

Fogarty International Scholars Advisory Panel (1994-2000)

Editorial Board, Hellenic Medical Journal (1995-present)

Consultant, Task Force on SES and Health (1995) and Mind-Body Network (1997, 2001), John and Catherine McArthur Foundation

Editorial Board, Endocrinology and Metabolism (1995-1998)

Scientific Advisory Board, Institute for Hormone and Fertility Research, University of Hamburg, Germany (1995-present)

Editorial Board, Stress (1995-present)

Board of Directors, Second World Congress on Stress, Melbourne, Australia 1998

Editorial Review Panel, "Panic, Anxiety, and Stress Disorders" (C.E. Koop, Chairman), Time Life Medical (1995-1997)

Editorial Board, Molecular Psychiatry (1995-present)

International Advisory Board, Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia (1996-present)

Editorial Board, Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental (1996-present)

Editorial Board, Endocrinology (1997- 2000)

Medical Advisory Board, Cushing's Support and Research Foundation, Inc. (1996-Present)

Public Health/Governmental Affairs Committee (Co-Chair), Pituitary Tumor Network Association (1995-Present)

Scientific Advisory Board (Co-Chair), National Adrenal Diseases Foundation, Inc. (1996-Present)

Practice Guidelines Subcommittee, American Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology (1997)

Editorial Board, Endocrine (1997-)

Committee on Classification of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptors, International Union of Pharmacology (NC-IUPHAR) (1996-1998)

Basic and Clinical Endocrinology Interest Group at the National Institutes of Health, Co-Chair (1997- )

Advisory Council, Klinefelter Syndrome Association of Canada (1998- )

Editorial Board, Experimental and Clinical Rheumatology (1998- )

Editorial Board, Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (1998- )

Editorial Board, Iatriki (1998 - 2000)

Editorial Board, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (1999 - 2002)

Board of Directors, International Society for the Investigation of Stress (1999- )

Editorial Board, Encyclopedia of Endocrine Disorders, Academic Press (1999- )

Editorial Board, Endocrine Practice (1999- )

Expert Consultant, Workgroup on Stress and Pre-Term Delivery, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA. (1999- )

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Life Sciences Standing Panel, Chair (12/1/1999-11/30/2002)

Editorial Board, Current Drug Targets-Immune, Endocrine Metabolic Disorders (CDT-IEMD), (2000- )

Editor-in-Chief, On-line Textbook, Pediatric Endocrinology, MACROBUTTON HtmlResAnchor

Associate Editor, On-line Textbook, Endocrinology and Metabolism, MACROBUTTON HtmlResAnchor

Special Advisory Committee (Member), Endocrine Journal, The Japan Endocrine Society (2000- )

Editorial Board, Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (2000- )

Board of Directors, Pituitary Network Association (2000- )

Associate Editor, Hormones, Greek Endocrine Society (2001- )

Vice President, Hellenic Society of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology (2001-2006)

President, International Society for NeuroImmunoModulation (2002-2005)

Editorial Board, Journal of Endocrinological Investigation (2002- )

International Board, The National Institute of Stress Evaluation and Management (2002- )

Editor-in-Chief, Neuroimmunomodulation (2002- 2006)

Endocrinology Consultant, Stedman’s Medical Dictionary (2002- )

Advisory Committee on Science and Technology, Greek Orthodox Archidiocese of America (2002- )

Consensus Statement, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society and European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Boston (2002)

Board of Counselors, The Suffering Child (2003-) ( MACROBUTTON HtmlResAnchor )

Consensus Statement on Cushing Syndrome (2002), International Symposium on Cushing Syndrome, Ancona, Italy

Consensus Statement on Adrenocortical Carcinoma (2003), International Schembechler Conference on Adrenocortical Carcinoma, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

Scientific American, Greek Edition, Scientific Advisory Board (2003- )

Scientific Advisory Board, Research Center of Intensive and Thoracic Medicine, Athens, Greece (2003-)

Metabolism Network, Society for Women’s Health, Washington, DC (2003-)

Associate Editor, The Encyclopedia of Stress (2004-)

Associate Editor, Adolescent Gynecology, Reproduction and Menopause (2004- )

Editorial Board, American Journal of Medicine (2005-2011)

Editorial Board, Gender Medicine (2005-)

Adrenal Insufficiency Task Force, American College of Critical Care Medicine (2005-2007)

Editorial Board, The Journal of Neuroendocrinology (2007-2012)

Consensus Statement on Use of LHRH Analogs (2008), Lawson Wilkins and ESPE, Milan, Italy

Consensus Statement on Use in Critical Illness-Related Cortisol Insufficiency (CIRCI) (2008), European Society Critical and Intensive Care Medicine (ESCIM) and European Society of Endocrinology (ESE), Florence, Italy

Editorial Board, BMC Medicine, London, UK (2008- )

Editorial Board, Obesity Facts: The European Journal of Obesity, Basel, Switzerland (2008- )

Editorial Board, European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Ioannina, Greece (2009- )

Editorial Board, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer, New York (2010- )

Editorial Board, Endocrine, Springer, New York, NY, USA

Editorial Board, Translational Psychiatry, Nature Group Publications, Canberra, Australia (2011-)

International Editorial Board, The American Journal of Medicine, USA (2011- )

Board of Directors, Seleni House Foundation, Inc, New York, NY, USA (2011-)

Reviewing Editor, Science Signaling, American Association for the Advancement of Science, USA (2012-)

Editorial Advisory Board, Nature Rev Endocrinol, Nature Publications, UK and USA (2012-)

Scientific Council, Maria Tsakos Foundation-International Center for Maritime Research and Tradition, NGO, Greece (2012-)

Member of the Council, European Society of Pediatric Endocrinology (2012-)

Editorial Board, Steroids, Elsevier Publ. Co (2013-)

Editorial Board, Journal of Compassionate Health Care, BioMed Central (2013-)

VI. PUBLICATIONS

A. ORIGINAL ARTICLES

1. Musliner T., Chrousos G.P., Amos H. (1977) Transport Enhancement and Reversal: Glucose and 3-0- Methylglucose. J. Cell. Physiology 91: 155-168.

2. Chrousos G.P., Barnes K.M., Sauer M.A., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B. Jr. (1980) 1,9(11)-11-Deoxycortisol: An Improved Antiglucocorticoid. Endocrinology 107: 472-477.

3. Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Sherins R., Cutler G.B. Jr. (1981) Unilateral Testicular Enlargement Resulting from Inapparent 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency. J. Urol. 126: 127-128.

4. Chrousos G.P., Poplack D., Kostolich M., Wiede C., Oliff A., Brown T., Bercu B. (1981) Hypothalamic-Adenohypophyseal Function in the Rhesus Monkey: A Primate Model. J. Med. Primatol. 10(2): 61-71.

5. Chrousos G.P., Wachsclicht-Rodbard H., Adams A., Roth J., Cornblath M. (1981) Increased 125I- Insulin Specific Binding in Hypoglycemic Infants and Children. Ped. Res. 15: 1345-1347.

6. Wishnick M.M., Valenti Q., Doyle E.F., Balian A., Genieser N., Chrousos G.P. (1982) Churg-Strauss Syndrome: Development of Cardiomyopathy during Corticosteroid Treatment. Am. J. Dis. Child. 136: 339-344.

7. Chrousos G.P., Peck G., Gross E., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1982) Adrenal Function in Women with Idiopathic Acne, J. Invest. Dermatol. 78 (6): 468-471.

8. Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Mann D., Cutler G.B. Jr. (1982) Late-onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency is an allelic variant of congenital adrenal hyperplasia characterized by attenuated clinical expression and different HLA haplotypes associates. Horm. Res. 16: 193-200.

9. Chrousos G.P., Brown T., Bercu B. (1982) Pharmacologic Effects of Melatonin on Hypothalamic- Adenohypophyseal Function in the Nonhuman Primate. Neuroendocrinology 34: 343-346.

10. Chrousos G.P., Renquist D., Brandon D., Barnard D., Fowler D., Loriaux D.L., Lipsett M.B. (1982) The Squirrel Monkey: Receptor-mediated End-organ Resistance to Progesterone? J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 55: 364-368.

11. Chrousos G.P., Renquist D., Brandon D., Eil C., Pugeat M., Vigersky R., Cutler G.B., Loriaux D.L., Lipsett M.B. (1982) Glucocorticoid Resistance and Primate Evolution: Receptor-mediated Mechanisms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 179: 2036-2040.

12. Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Mann D.L., Cutler G.B. Jr. (1982) Late-onset 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Mimicking Polycystic Ovarian Disease: An Allelic Variant of Congenital Virilizing Adrenal Hyperplasia with a Milder Enzymatic Defect. Ann. In. Med. 96: 143-148.

13. Chrousos G.P., Poplack D., Brown T., O'Neil D., Schwade J., Bercu B. (1982) Effects of Cranial Radiation on Hypothalamic-Anterior Pituitary Function: Abnormal Growth Hormone Secretory Dynamics. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 54: 1135-1139.

14. Chrousos G.P., Vingerhoeds A., Brandon D., Pugeat M., Eil C., Loriaux D.L., Lipsett M.B. (1982) Primary Cortisol Resistance in Man: A Glucocorticoid Receptor-mediated Disease. J. Clin. Invest. 69: 1261-1269.

15. Cassorla F., Albertson B., Chrousos G.P., Booth J., Renquist D., Lipsett M.B., Loriaux D.L. (1982) The Mechanism of Hypercortisolemia in the Squirrel Monkey. Endocrinology 111: 448-451.

16. Schulte H.M., Chrousos G.P., Oldfield R., Gold P., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1982) The effects of Corticotropin Releasing Factor on the Anterior Pituitary Function of Stalk-Sectioned Cynomolgus Macaques. Dose Response of Cortisol Secretion. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 55: 810-812.

17. Schulte H.M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P., Philips J., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1982) Metabolic Clearance Rate and Plasma Half-life of Radioiodinated Corticotropin Releasing Factor in a Nonhuman Primate. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 55: 1023-1025.

18. Chrousos G.P., Sauer M.A., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1982) 1-11-Oxa-11-deoxycortisol: A New Antiglucocorticoid with Activity in vivo. Steroids 40: 425-431.

19. Healy D.L., Hodgen G.D., Schulte H.M., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Nicholas R.H., Goldstein H.L. (1983) The Thymus-adrenal Connection: Thymosin Has Corticotropin Releasing Activity in Primates. Science 222: 1353-1355.

20. Chrousos G.P., Vingerhoeds A.C.M., Loriaux D.L., Lipsett M.B. (1983) Primary Cortisol Resistance: A Family Study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 56: 1243-1245.

21. Healy D.L., Chrousos G.P., Schulte H.M., Williams R.F., Baulieu E.E., Gold P.W., Hodgen G.D. (1983) Pituitary and Adrenal Responses to the Anti-progesterone and Antiglucocorticoid Steroid RU 486 in Primates. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 57: 863-865.

22. Jacobowitz D.M., Schulte H.M., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L. (1983) Localization of GRF-like Immunoreactive Neurons in the Rat Brain. Peptides 4: 521-524.

23. Pugeat M., Rocle B., Chrousos G.P., Dunn J., Lipsett M.B., Nisula B.C. (1984) Plasma Testosterone Transport and Primate Evolution. J. Steroid Biochem. 20: 473-478.

24. Schulte H.M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Oldfield E.H., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1984) Corticotropin Releasing Factor: Pharmacokinetics in Man. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 58: 192-196.

25. Doppman J.L., Oldfield E.H., Krudy A.G., Chrousos G.P., Schulte H.M., Loriaux D.L., Schaaf M. (1984) Anatomic and Technical Considerations of the Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling for Cushing's Disease. Radiology. 150: 999-103.

26. Almeida O.F.X., Schulte H.M., Rittmaster R.S., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Merriam G.R. (1984) Potency and Specificity of a Growth Releasing Factor in a Primate and in Vitro. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 58: 309-312.

27. Chrousos G.P., Brandon D., Tomita M., Renquist D., Hogan W., Loriaux D.L., Lipsett M.B. (1984) Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in a Progesterone "Resistant" New World Primate. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 58: 516-520.

28. Chrousos G.P., Schulte H.M., Oldfield E.H., Gold P.W., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1984) The Corticotropin Releasing Factor Stimulation Test: An Aid in the Differential Diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 310: 622-627.

29. Schulte H.M., Chrousos G.P., Avgerinos P., Gold P.W., Oldfield E.H., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1984) The Corticotropin Releasing Factor Stimulation Test: a Possible Aid in the Evaluation of Adrenal Insufficiency. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 58: 1064-1067.

30. Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Brandon D., Hogan W., Renquist D., Johnson E., Lipsett M.B. (1984) Adaptation of the Mineralocorticoid Target Tissues to the High Circulation Cortisol and Progesterone Plasma Levels in the Squirrel Monkey. Endocrinology 115: 25-32.

31. Pugeat M., Chrousos G.P., Nisula B., Loriaux D.L., Brandon D.D., Lipsett M.B. (1984) Plasma Cortisol Transport and Primate Evolution. Endocrinology 115: 357-361.

32. Rock J., Oldfield E.H., Schulte H.M., Gold P.W., Kornblith P.L., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P., (1984) Corticotropin Releasing Factor Administered into the Ventricular CSF Stimulates the Pituitary-adrenal Axis. Brain Res. 323: 376-368.

33. Crawley J.N., Ninan P.T., Pickar D., Chrousos G.P., Linnoila M., Scolnick, Paul S.M. (1984) Neuropharmacological Antagonism of the beta-Carboline-induced "Anxiety" Response in Rhesus Monkeys. J. Neuroscience 5: 477-485.

34. Winterer J., Chrousos G.P., Cassorla F., Loriaux D.L. (1984) Acquired Refractoriness to Growth Hormone in a Patient with Isolated Growth Hormone Deficiency: Growth Hormone and Plasma Somatomedin C Response to High Dose Growth Hormone Therapy. J. Pediatrics, 104: 908-911.

35. Schuermeyer T.H., Avgerinos P.C., Gold P.W., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1984) Human Corticotropin Releasing Factor in Man. Pharmacokinetic Properties and Dose-response of Plasma ACTH and Cortisol Secretion. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 59: 1103-1108.

36. Udelsman R., Bacher J., Galluci W., Gold P.W., Morin M.L., Renquist D., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1984) Hemodynamic and Endocrine Parameters in the Anesthetized Cynomolgus Monkey: A Primate Model. J. Med. Primatol. 13: 327-337.

37. Chrousos Antonakou G., Levine Ross J., Chrousos G.P., Chu F.C., Kenigsberg D., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1984) Ocular Findings in Turner Syndrome. A Prospective Study. Ophthalmology 91: 926-928.

38. Tomita M., Chrousos G.P., Brandon D.D., Ben-Or S., Foster C., DeVougn L., Taylor S.J., Loriaux D.L., Lipsett M.B. (1985) Glucocorticoid Receptors in Epstein-Barr Virus-transformed Human Lymphocytes. Hormone Metabol. Res. 17: 674-678.

39. Oldfield E.H., Chrousos G.P., Schulte H.M., Rock J.P., Poplack D.G., Gold P.W., Culter G.B. Jr., Kornblith P.L., Loriaux D.L. (1985) Active Clearance of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor from the Cerebrospinal Fluid. Neuroendocrinology 40: 84-87.

40. Evans M.I., Chrousos G.P., Mann D.L., Larsen J.W., McCluskey J., Green I., Loriaux D.L., Overpeck J., Fletcher J., Schulman J. (1985) Attempted Prevention of Abnormal Genital Masculinization in Suspected Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia by Adrenocortical Suppression in Utero. JAMA 253:1015- 1020.

41. Schulte H.M., Chrousos G.P., Oldfield E.H., Gold P.W., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1985) Corticotropin Releasing Factor Administration in Normal Men: Pituitary and Adrenal Responses in the Morning and Evening. Horm. Res. 21: 69-74.

42. Winterer J., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B. Jr. (1985) The Adrenal Suppressive Effect of Hydrocortisone in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is not Affected by Varying the Dose Schedule. J. Pediatrics 106: 137-142.

43. Schuermeyer T.H., Gold P.W., Galluci W.T., Tomai T.P., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1985) Effects and Pharmacokinetic Properties of the rat/human Corticotropin Releasing Factor (r/h CRF) in Rhesus Monkeys. Endocrinology 117: 300-306.

44. Schutt-Aine J., Young M.A., Pescovitz O.H., Chrousos G.P., Marx S.J. (1985) Hypoparathyroidism: a Possible Cause of Rickets. J. Pediatrics. 106: 255-259.

45. Healy D.L., Chrousos G.P., Schulte H.M., Gold P.W., Hodgen G.D. (1985) Increased ACTH, Cortisol and Arginine Vasopressin (AVP) Secretion Following the Antiglucocorticoid RU 486: Dose-response Relationships. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 60: 1-4.

46. Oldfield E.H., Chrousos G.P., Schulte H.M., Loriaux D.L., Schaaf M., Doppman J. (1985) Preoperative Lateralization of ACTH Secreting Pituitary Microadenomas by Bilateral and Simultaneous Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling: N. Engl. J. Med. 312: 100-103.

47. Rittmaster R.S., Cutler G.B. Jr., Sobel D.O., Koppelman M.C.S., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1985) Morphine Inhibits the Pituitary-adrenal Response to Ovine Corticotropin Releasing Factor in Normal Subjects. J.Clin. Endocrinol Metab 60: 891-895.

48. Schuermeyer T.H., Tsokos G.C., Avgerinos P.C., Loriaux D.L., Balow J.E., Chrousos G.P. (1985) Pituitary-adrenal Responsiveness to Corticotropin-releasing Hormone in Patients Receiving Chronic, Alternate-day Glucocorticoid Therapy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 61: 22-27.

49. Schulte H.M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Booth J.D., Oldfield E.H., Culter G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1985) Continuous Administration of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Normal Volunteers: Physiological and Pathophysiological Implications. J. Clin. Invest. 75: 1781-1785.

50. Susman E., Nottelman F., Inoff G., Dorn L., Loriaux D.L. Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P. (1985) The Relation of Hormonal Level and Physical Development and Social-emotional Behavior in Young Adolescents. J. Youth and Adolescence. 14: 245-264.

51. Rose S., Schulte H.M., Rauch A., White B., Hill S., Chandra R., Randolf J., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1985) Testicular Dysgenesis and Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis: Biochemical Characterization and Management of a Typical Case. J. Ped. Endocrinol. 1: 123-128.

52. Berrettini H.W., Nurnberger J., Gold P.W., Chretien M., Chrousos G.P., Chan J.S.D., Goldin L.R., Gerson E. (1985) Neuropeptides in the Human Cerebrospinal Fluid. Life Sciences 37: 1265-1270.

53. Udelsman R., Harwood J., Millan M., Chrousos G.P., Catt K.J., Aguilera G. (1985) Functional Receptors for Corticotropin Releasing Factor in the Primate Peripheral Sympathetic System. Nature 319: 147-150.

54. Berrettini W.H., Nurnberger J.I., Chan J.S., Chrousos G.P., Gaspar L., Gold P.W., Seidah N.G., Simmons-Alling S., Goldin L.R., Chretien M., Gershon E.S. (1985) Proopiomelanocortin-related Peptides in Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Study of Manic Depressive Disorder. Psychiatry Res. 16: 287-302.

55. Nieman L.K., Chrousos G.P., Kellner C., Spitz I., Nisula B., Cutler G.B. Jr., Merriam G.R., Bardin C.W., Loriaux D.L. (1985) Successful Treatment of Cushing's Syndrome with the Glucocorticoid Antagonist RU 486. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 61: 536-540.

56. Gold P.W., Loriaux D.L., Roy A., Kling M.A., Calabrese J.R., Kellner C.H., Nieman L.K., Post R.M., Pickar D., Gallucci W., Avgerinos P., Paul S., Oldfield E.H., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P. (1986) Responses to Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in the Hypercortisolism of Depression and Cushing's Disease: Pathophysiologic and Diagnostic Implications. N. Engl. J. Med. 314: 1329-35.

57. Rose S.R., Chrousos G.P., Cornblath M., Sidbury J. (1986) Oral Starch in the Management of Post- operative Nesidioblastosis. J. Pediatrics 108: 97-100.

58. Tomita M., Brandon D., Chrousos G.P., Vingerhoeds A.C.M., Foster C.M., Loriaux D.L., Lipsett M.B. (1986) Characterization of Glucocorticoid Receptors from Epstein-Barr Virus-transformed Lymphocytes from Glucocorticoid Resistant Patients and a New World Primate. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 62: 1145-1154.

59. Weiss S.R.B., Post R.M., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P., Sullivan T.L., Walker D., Pert A. (1986) CRF- induced Seizures and Behavior: Interaction with Amygdala Kindling. Brain Res. 372: 345-351.

60. Levine Ross J., Schulte H.M., Gallucci W.T., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1986) Ovine Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test in Normal Children. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 62: 390-392.

61. Schiebinger R., Chrousos G.P., Cutler G.B., Loriaux D.L. (1986) The Effect of Serum Prolactin on Plasma Adrenal Androgens and the Production and Metabolic Clearance Rate of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Normal and Hyperprolactinemic Subjects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 62: 202-209.

62. Gold P.W., Gwirtzman H., Avgerinos P., Nieman L.K., Gallucci W.T., Kaye W., Jimerson D., Ebert M., Rittmaster R., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1986) Abnormal Hypothalamic-pituitary-Adrenal Function in Anorexia Nervosa: Pathophysiologic Mechanisms in Underweight and Weight-corrected Patients. N. Engl. J. Med. 314: 1335-42.

63. Avgerinos P.C., Schuermeyer T., Gold P.W., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P. (1986) Pulsatile Administration of Human Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Patients with Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: Restoration of the Normal Cortisol Secretory Pattern. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 62: 816-821.

64. Rosner W., Pugeat M., Chrousos G.P., Khan M.S. (1986) Steroid Binding Proteins in Primate Plasma. Endocrinology. 118: 513-517.

65. Pavlov E.P., Harman M.S., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Blackman M.R. (1986) Responses of Plasma Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), Cortisol, and Dehydroepiandrosterone to Ovine Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Healthy Aging Men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 62: 767-772.

66. Oldfield E.H., Schulte H.M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Benker G., Peterson R.E., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1986) Corticotropin Releasing Factor Stimulates ACTH Secretion in Nelson's Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 62: 1020-1026.

67. Udelsman R., Gallucci W.T., Ramp J., Goldstein D.S., Lipford R., Norton J.A., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1986) Adaptation during Surgical Stress: A Reevaluation of the Role of Glucocorticoids. J. Clin. Invest. 77: 1377-1381.

68. Roy-Byrne P.P., Uhde T.W., Post R.M., Gallucci W., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1986) The CRH Stimulation Test in Patients with Panic Disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry, 143: 396-399.

69. Roy A., Gold P.W., Pickar D., Wolkowitz O.M., Chrousos G.P., Paul S.M. (1986) Pre- and Post- dexamethasone Plasma ACTH Levels in Depressed Patients and Normal Controls. J. Affective Dis. 10: 95-99.

70. Udelsman R., Bacher J., Gallucci P.W., Gold P.W., Renquist D., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1986) Hemodynamic Effects of Human Corticotropin-releasing Factor (hCRF) in a Nonhuman Primate. Peptides 7: 465-471.

71. Munabi A., Feuillan P., Staton R., Rodbard D., Chrousos G.P., Anderson R.E., Strober M.D., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B. Jr. (1986) Adrenal Steroid Responses to Continuous Intravenous ACTH Infusion Compared to Bolus Injection. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 63: 1036-1040.

72. Nieman L.K., Chrousos G.P., Oldfield E.H., Avgerinos P.C., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1986) The Ovine CRH Stimulation Test and the Dexamethasone Suppression Test in the Differential Diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome. Ann. Int. Med. 105: 862-867.

73. A., Pickar D., Doran A., Wolkowitz O., Gallucci W., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1986) Normal ACTH and cortisol Responses to Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 143: 1393-1397.

74. Saris S.C., Patronas N.J., Doppman J.L., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B. Jr., Nieman L.K., Chrousos G.P., Oldfield E. (1986) Pituitary CT Scanning in Cushing's Syndrome. Radiology 162: 775-777.

75. Doppman J.L., Oldfield E.H., Chrousos G.P., Nieman L.K., Udelsman R., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1986) Rebound Thymic Hyperplasia Following Treatment of Cushing's Syndrome. Am. J. Radiology 147: 1145-1147.

76. Feuillan P., Poth M., Reilly W., Bright G., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1986) Ketokonazole Treatment of Type Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome: Effects on Pituitary-adrenal Axis. J. Pediatrics, 109: 363-366.

77. Nottelman E.D., Susman E.J., Dorn L.D., Inoff G.E., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Developmental Processes in Early Adolescence: Relations among Chronological Age, Pubertal Stage, Height, Weight, and Serum Levels of Gonadotropins, Sex Steroids and Adrenal Androgens. J. Adol. Health Care 8: 35-48.

78. Susman E., Inoff G., Nottelman E., Dorn L., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Hormones, Emotional Disposition and Aggression Attributes in Early Adolescents. Child Development 58: 1114-1134.

79. Rittmaster R.S., Cutler G.B. Jr., Brandon D., Gold P.W., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1987) The Effects of Endogenous Vasopressin on ACTH and Cortisol Secretion in Man. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 64: 371-376.

80. Laue L., Hoeg J.M., Barnes K., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1987) The Effect of Mevinolin on Steroidogenesis in Patients with Defects in the LDL Receptor Pathway. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 64: 531-535.

81. Kaye W.H., Gwirtsman H.E., George D.T., Ebert M., Jimerson D., Tomai T., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1987) Elevated Cerebro-spinal Fluid Levels of Immunoreactive Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Anorexia Nervosa: Relation to State of Nutrition, Adrenal Function and Intensity of Depression. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 64: 203-208.

82. Nieman L.K., Choate T., Chrousos G.P., Healy D., Spitz I., Merriam G.R., Bardin C.W., Loriaux D.L. (1987) Progesterone Antagonist RU 486: A Potential New Contraceptive Agent. N. Engl. J. Med. 316: 187-191.

83. Nottelman E.D., Susman E.J., Dorn L.D., Inoff E.G., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Developmental Processes in American Early Adolescents: Relations Between Adolescent Adjustment and Chronological Age, Pubertal Stage and Puberty-related Hormone Levels. J. Pediatrics 110: 473-480.

84. Udelsman R., Norton J., Jelenich S., Goldstein D., Linehan W.M., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Responses of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and Renin-angiotensin Axis and the sympathetic System during Controlled Surgical and Anesthesia Stress. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 64: 986-994.

85. Feuillan P., Stein C.A., LaRocca R., Lipford N., Raffeld M., Renquist D., Meyers C.E., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Effects of Suramin on the Function and Structure of the Adrenal Cortex in the Cynomolgus Monkey. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 65: 153-158.

86. Kawai S., Nieman L.K., Brandon D.D., Udelsman R., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Pharmacokinetic Properties of the Antiglucocorticoid and Antiprogesterone Steroid of RU 486 in Man. J. Exp. Pharmacol. Ther. 241: 401-406.

87. Luger A., Deuster P., Kyle S.B., Gallucci W.T., Montgomery L.C., Gold P.W., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Acute Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Responses to the Stress of Treadmill Exercise: Physiologic Adaptations to Physical Training. N. Engl. J. Med. 316: 1309-1315.

88. Doppman J.L., Loughlin T., Miller D.L., Pass V.J., Chrousos G.P., Cutler G.B. Jr., Oldfield E.H., Loriaux D.L. (1987) Identification of ACTH Producing Intrathoracic Tumors by Measuring ACTH Levels on Aspirated Specimens. Radiology 163: 501-503.

89. Risin Counts D., Hirsch Pescovitz O., Barnes K.M., Chrousos G.P., Sherins R.J., Comite F., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B. (1987) Dissociation of Adrenarche and Gonadarche in Precocious Puberty and in Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 64: 1174-1178.

90. Udelsman R., Goldstein D., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Catecholamine-glucocorticoid Interactions during Surgical Stress. J. Sur. Res. 43: 539-545.

91. May C., Rapoport S.J., Cutler N.R., Chrousos G.P., Tomai T.P., Gold P.W. (1987) CSF Concentrations of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone and Corticotropin Are Reduced in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 37: 535-538.

92. Roy A., Pickar D., Linnoila M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1987) Cerebrospinal Fluid Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Depression: Relationship to Noradrenergic Function. Psychiatry Res. 20: 229-237.

93. Avgerinos P.C., Cutler G.B. Jr., Tsokos G.C., Gold P.W., Feuillan P., Gallucci W.T., Pillemer S.R., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Dissociation between Cortisol and Adrenal Androgen Secretion in Patients Receiving Alternate Day Prednisone Therapy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 65: 24-29.

94. Roy A., Pickar D., Paul S., Doran A., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W (1987) CSF Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Depressed Patients and Normal Control Subjects. Am. J. Psychiatry 114: 641-645.

95. Luger A., Calogero A., Kalogeras K., Gallucci W., Gold P.W., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1987) Interaction of Epidermal Growth Factor with the Hypothalamic-pituitary Adrenal Axis: Potential Physiologic Relevance. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 66: 334-337.

96. Laue L., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Nieman L.K., Munson P., Schaison G. (1987) RU 486 Suppresses the Plasma ACTH Response to Ovine Corticotropin-releasing Hormone. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 66: 290-293.

97. Grino M., Chrousos G.P., Margioris A. (1987) The Corticotropin Releasing Factor Gene is Expressed in the Human Term Placenta. Biol. Bioph. Res. Com 148: 1208-1214.

98. Doppman J.L., Miller D.L., Dwyer A.J., Loughlin T., Nieman L., Cutler G.B., Chrousos G.P., Oldfield E., Loriaux D.L. (1987) Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia in Cushing's Disease. Radiology 166: 347-352.

99. Avgerinos P.C., Chrousos G.P., Nieman L.K., Oldfield E.H., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B. (1987) The Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Test in the Postoperative Evaluation of Patients with Cushing's Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 65: 906-913.

100. Balis F.M., Lester C.M., Chrousos G.P., Heideman R.L., Poplack D.G. (1987) Differences in Cerebrospinal Fluid Penetration of Corticosteroids: Possible Relationship to Prevention of Meningeal Leukemia. J Clin Oncol 5: 202-207.

101. Berrettini W.H., Nurnberger J.I. Jr., Zerbe R.L., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P., Tomai T. (1987) CSF Neuropeptides in Euthymic Bipolar Patients and Controls. Br. J. Psychiatry 150:208-212.

102. Roy A., Gallucci W., Linnoila M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1988) The CRH Stimulation Test in Bereaved Subjects with and without Accompanying Depression. Psych. Res. 25:145-156.

103. Albertson B., Brandon D.D., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L. (1988) Adrenal 11-Hydroxylase Activity in a Hypercortisolemic New World Primate: Adaptive Intra-adrenal Changes. Steroids 49: 497-505.

104. Inoff-Germain G., Snyder Arnold G., Nottelmann E.D., Susman E.J., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P. (1988) Relations between Hormone Levels and Observational Measures of Aggressive Behavior of Young Adolescents in Family Interactions. Dev. Psychol. 24: 129-139.

105. Laue L., Hoeg J., Barnes K., Levine Ross J., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1988) Abnormal Growth Hormone Secretory Dynamics in Children with Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Hormone Res. 938:1-6.

106. Calogero A.E., Bernardini R., Gallucci W.T., Saoutis C., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1988) Cholinergic Stimulation of Rat Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Vitro. Neuroendocrinology 47: 303-308.

107. Giuffre K., Udelsman R., Listwak S., Chrousos G.P. (1988) Effects of Immune Neutralization of CRH, ACTH, and Endorphin in the Surgically Stressed Rat. Endocrinology 122: 306-310.

108. Feuillan P., Pang S., Avgerinos P., Schuermeyer T., Chrousos G.P. (1988) Adaptation of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis in Patients with Partial (Late-onset) 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 67: 154-160.

109. Margioris A., Grino M., Protos P., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1988) Corticotropin Releasing Hormone and Oxytocin Stimulate the Secretion of Immunoreactive alpha-MSH, beta-Endorphin and ACTH from the Human Placenta In Vitro. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 66: 922-926.

110. Laue L., Kawai S., Brandon D., Knazek R., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1988) Receptor-Mediated Effects of Glucocorticoids on Inflammation: Enhancement of the Inflammatory Response with a Glucocorticoid Antagonist. J. Steroid Biochem. 29: 591-598.

111. Luger A., Deuster P., Kyle S.B., Gallucci W.T., Montgomery L.C., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1988) Renin-angiotensin Responses during Treadmill Exercise. Hormone Res. 30: 5-9.

112. Laue, L., Gallucci, W., Loriaux, D.L., Udelsman, R., Chrousos G.P. (1988) The Antiglucocorticoid and Antiprogestin Steroid RU 486: Its Glucocorticoid Agonist Effect is Inadequate to Prevent Adrenal Insufficiency in Primates. J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. 67: 602-606.

113. Calogero A.E., Gallucci W.T., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1988) Interaction between Gabaergic Neurotransmission and Rat Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secretion In Vitro. Brain Res. 463: 28-36.

114. Calogero A.E., Gallucci W.T., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1988) Effect of the Catecholamines Upon Rat Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secretion In Vitro: Clinical Implications. J. Clin. Invest. 82: 839-846.

115. Calogero A., Gallucci W.T., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1988) Multiple Regulatory Feedback Loops on Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secretion. J. Clin. Invest. 82: 767-774.

116. Doppman J.L., Frank J.A., Dwyer A.J., Oldfield E.H., Miller D.L., Nieman L.K., Chrousos G.P., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1988) Gadolinium DPTA Enhanced MR Imaging of ACTH-Secreting Microadenomas of the Pituitary Gland. J. Comp. Assist. Tom. 12: 728-735.

117. Laue L., Peacock J., Gallucci W.T., Brandon D.D., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P., Norton J.A. (1988) Glucocorticoid Receptor-mediated Effects on Rat Fibrosarcoma Growth. Cancer Res. 48: 2703-2706.

118. Deuster P., Chrousos G.P., Luger A., Kyle S.B., Gallucci W.T., Montgomery L.C., Loriaux D.L. (1989) Sympathetic System Responses to the Stress of Treadmill Exercise. Physiologic Adaptations to Physical Training. Metabolism 38: 141-148.

119. Calogero A.E., Bernardini R., Margioris A.N., Gallucci W.T., Munson P.J., Tamarkin L., Tomai T.P., Brody L., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1989) Serotonin Stimulates Rat Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secretion In Vitro. Peptides 10: 189-210.

120. Kawai S., Brandon D., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1989) Interaction of RU 486, A Glucocorticoid and Progesterone Antagonist, with Human Circulating Mononuclear Leukocytes. Am. J. Med. Sci. 296: 167-171.

121. Friedman R.B., Oldfield E.H., Nieman L.K., Chrousos G.P., Doppman J.L., Cutler G.B. Jr., Loriaux D.L. (1989) Repeat Transsphenoidal Surgery in Cushing's Disease. J. Neurosurg. 71: 520-527.

122. Margioris A., Koukoulis G., Grino M., Chrousos G.P. (1989) In Vitro Perifused Rat Testis Fragments Secrete beta-Endorphin and Dynorphin: Effect of Opioids on Testosterone Secretion. Biol. Reprod. 40: 776-784.

123. Perry R.R., Nieman L.K., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Doppman J.L., Travis W.D., Norton J.A. (1989) Primary Adrenal Causes of Cushing's Syndrome: Diagnosis and Surgical Management. Ann. Surg. 210: 59-68.

124. Sternberg E., Hill J.M., Chrousos G.P., Kamilaris T., Listwak S., Gold P.W., Wilder R.L. (1989) Inflammatory mediator-induced Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis Activation is Defective in Streptococcal Cell Wall Arthritis - susceptible Lewis Rats. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 2374-2378.

125. Gomez M.T., Chrousos G.P. (1989) Periodic Cushing's Syndrome in a Short Boy: Usefulness of the Ovine CRH Test. J. Pediatr. 115: 270-273.

126. Linder B., Feuillan P., Chrousos G.P. (1989) Alternate-day Prednisone Therapy in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Adrenal Androgen Suppression and Normal Growth. J Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 69:91-195.

127. Bagdy G., Calogero A., Chrousos G.P., Szemeredi K. (1989) Delayed Effects of Chronic Cortisol Treatment on Brain and Plasma Concentrations of Corticotropin (ACTH) and beta-Endorphin. Brain Res. 489: 216-222.

128. Sternberg E.M., Young W.S. Jr., Bernardini R., Calogero A., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Wilder R.L. (1989) A Central Nervous Defect in the Stress Response is Associated with Susceptibility to Streptococcal Cell Wall Arthritis in Lewis Rats. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 86: 4771-4775.

129. Bernardini R., Chiarenza A., Calogero A.E., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1989) Arachidonic Acid Metabolites Modulate Rat Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secretion in Vitro. Neuroendocrinology 50: 708-715

130. Bernardini R., Calogero A.E., Ehlich Y.H., Brucke T., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1989). The Alkyl- ether Phospholipid Platelet-activating Factor is a Stimulator of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis in the Rat. Endocrinology 125: 1067-1073.

131. Calogero A., Gallucci W.T., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1989) Cocaine Stimulates Rat Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secretion in Vitro. Brain Res. 505: 7-11.

132. Doppman J.L., Pass H.I. Nieman L., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L. (1989) Failure of Bronchial Lavage to Select Elevated Levels of ACTH in Patients with ACTH-Producing Bronchial Carcinoids. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 69: 1302-1304.

133. Travis W.D., Tsokos M., Doppman J.L., Nieman L., Chrousos G.P., Cutler G.B., Loriaux D.L., Norton J.A. (1989) Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study of Eight Cases. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 13: 921-930.

134. Calogero A., Kamilaris T., Gomez M.T., Johnson E.O., Tartaglia E., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1989) The Muscarinic Cholinergic Agonist Arecoline Stimulates the Rat Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis Through a Centrally-mediated Corticotropin-releasing Hormone Mechanism. Endocrinology 125: 2445-2453.

135. Doppman J.L., Travis W.D., Nieman L.K., Miller D.L., Pass H.I., Chang R., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Norton J.A., Ziessman H.A., Oldfield E.H., Loriaux D.L.v(1989) Cushing's Syndrome Due to Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease: Findings at CT and MR Imaging. Radiology 172(2):415-420.

136. Doppman J.L., Nieman L.K., Miller D.L., Pass H.I., Chung R., Cutler G., Schauf M., Chrousos G.P., Norton J.A., Zirrsman H.A., Oldfield E.H., Loriaux D.L. (1989) Ectopic Adrenocorticotropin Hormone Syndrome: Localization Studies in 28 Patients. Radiology 172: 115-124.

137. Nieman L.K., Cutler G.B. Jr., Oldfield E.O., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1989) The Ovine Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test is Superior to the Human Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Test for the Detection of Cushing's Disease. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 69: 165-169.

138. Marx S.J., Jones G., Weinstein R.J., Chrousos G.P., Renquist D. (1989) Vitamin D and Mineral Metalbolism in New World and Old World Primates: A Novel State with Hyperphosphatetic Osteomalacia in Aotus trivirgatus. J. Olin. Endocrinol. Metab. 69:1282-1290

139. Pass H.I., Doppman J.L., Nieman L., Stovroff M., Veto J., Norton J.A., Travis W., Chrousos G.P., Cutler G.B. Jr. (1990) Management of the Ectopic ACTH Syndrome Due to Thoracic Carcinoids. Ann Thorac-Surg 50: 52-57.

140. Calogero A., Kling M.A., Gallucci W.T., Bernardini R., Chrousos G.P. and P.W. Gold (1990) Procaine and Lidocaine Stimulate Corticotropin Releasing hormone Secretion by Explanted Rat Hypothalami through a Sodium Conductance Independent Mechanism. Horm. Metab. Res. 22: 1-4.

141. Dorn L., Susman E.J., Nottelmann E.D., Inoff-Germain G., Chrousos G.P. (1990) Perceptions of Puberty: Adolescent, Parent, and Health Care Personnel Ratings of Pubertal Stage. Develop. Psych. 26: 322-329.

142. Gazdar A.F., LaRocca R.V., Chen T.R., Triche T.J., Myers C.E., Chrousos G.P., Brennan M.R., Stein C.A., Oie H.K. (1990) Establishment and Characterization of a Human Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cell Line That Expresses Multiple Pathways of Steroid Biosynthesis. Cancer Res. 50: 5488-5496.

143. Rabin D., Johnson E., Brandon D., Liapi C., Chrousos G.P. (1990) Glucocorticoids Inhibit Estradiol- induced Uterine Growth: Possible Role of Estrogen Receptors. Biol. Reprod. 42: 74-80.

144. Calogero A.E., Kamilaris T.C., Bernardini R., Johnson E.O., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1990) Relevance of the "Peripheral" Benzodiazepine Receptor System to Hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal Function: Physiological and Clinical Implications. J. Pharmacol Exp. Therap. 253: 729-737.

145. Margioris A., Brockmann G., Bohler H., Grino M., Vamvakopoulos N., Chrousos G.P. (1990) Expression and Localization of Growth Hormone - Releasing Hormone mRNA in Rat Placenta: In Vitro Secretion and Regulation of Its Peptide Product. Endocrinology 126: 151-158.

146. Malozowski S., Muzzo S., Burrows R., Leiva L., Loriaux L., Chrousos G.P., Winterer J., Cassorla F. (1990) The Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis in Infantile Malnutrition. Clin. Endocrinol. 32:461-465.

147. Calogero A.E., Bagdy G., Szemereti, Tartaglia M.E., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1990) Mechanisms of Serotonin Agonist-induced Activation of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis in the Rat. Endocrinology 126: 1888-1894.

148. Margioris A.N., Brockmann G., Kalogeras K., Fjellestad-Paulsen A., Stratakis C.A., Vamvakopoulos N., Chrousos G.P. (1990) Effect of Hypertonic Saline Infusion on the Levels of Immunoreactive Dynorphin in Extracted Human Plasma. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 71: 298-304.

149. Bernardini R., Kamilaris T.C., Calogero A.E., Johnson E.O., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1990) Interactions Between Tumor Necrosis Factor-, Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and Adrenocorticotropin Secretion in the Rat. Endocrinology 126: 2876-81.

150. Calogero A., Kamilaris T., Johnson E.O., Tartaglia M., Chrousos G.P. (1990) Recovery of the Rat Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis after Prolonged Treatment with Dexamethasone. Endocrinology 127: 1574-1579.

151. Vamvakopoulos N., Karl M., Mayol V., Margioris A., Chrousos G.P. (1990) Structural Analysis of the Regulatory Region of the Human Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Gene. FEBS Lett 267:1-5.

152. Kalogeras K.T., Calogero A.E., Kuribayashi T., Khan I., Gallucci W.T., Kling M.A., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1990) In vitro and In vivo Effects of the Triazolobenzodiazepine Alprazolam on Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Function: Pharmacologic and Clinical Implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 70: 1462-1471.

153. Rabin D., Schmidt P., Campbell G., Gold P.W., Jensvold M., Rubinow D., Chrousos G.P. (1990) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Function in Patients with the Premenstrual Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 71: 1158-1162.

154. Doherty J.M., Nieman L.K., Cutler G.B., Chrousos G.P., Norton J. (1990) Time to Recovery of the Hypothalamic Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Following Curative Resection of Adrenal Tumors in Patients with Cushing's Syndrome. Surgery 108:1085-90.

155. Hurley D., Accilli D., Stratakis C., Karl M., Vamvakopoulos N., Rorer E., Constantine K., Taylor S., Chrousos G.P. (1991) Point Mutation Causing a Single Amino Acid Substitution in the Hormone Binding Domain of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Familial Glucocorticoid Resistance. J. Clin. Invest. 87:680-686.

156. Laue L., Lotze M.T., Chrousos G.P., Barnes K., Loriaux D.L., Fleisher T.A. (1990) Effects of the Glucocorticoid Antagonist RU 486 in Man: Toxicity, Immunological and Hormonal Aspects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 71:1474-1480.

157. Gomez M.T., Malozowski S, Winterer J., Chrousos G.P. (1991) Urinary Free Cortisol Values in Normal Children and Adolescents. J. Pediatrics 118:256-258.

158. Bernardini R., Calogero A., Mauceri, Chrousos G.P. (1990) Rat Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secretion In Vitro is Stimulated by Interleukin-1 in an Eicosanoid-dependent Manner. Life Sciences 47:1601-7.

159. Bagdy G., Calogero A., Szemeredi K., Gomez M.T., Sved A.F., Murphy D.L., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1990) -Endorphin Responses to Different Serotonin Agonists: Involvement of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone, Vasopressin and Direct Pituitary Action. Brain Res. 537(1-2):227-32.

160. Bagdy G., Calogero A., Szemeredi K., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1990) effects of Cortisol Treatment on Brain and Adrenal Cortcotropin Releasing Hormone Content. Regulat. Peptides 31:83-92.

161. Doppman J.L., Nieman L.K., Travis W.D., Miller D.L., Cutler G.B., Chrousos G.P. Norton J.A. (1991) CT and MR Imaging of Massive Macronodular Adrenocortical Disease: A Rare Cause of Autonomous Primary Adrenal Hypercortisolism. J. Comp. Asst. Tom. 15:773-779.

162. Bagdy G., Chrousos G.P., Calogero A. (1991) Circadian Patterns of Plasma Corticotropin, - Endorphin, Corticosterone and Prolactin after Immunoneutralization of Corticotropin-releasing Hormone. Neuroendocrinology 53:573-578.

163. Joseph-Vanderpool J., Rosenthal N., Chrousos G.P., Wehr T., Skewerer R., Kasper S., Gold P.W. (1991) Evidence for Hypothalamic CRH Deficiency in Patients with Seasonal Affective Disorder. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 72:1382-1387.

164. Doppman J., Pass H., Nieman L.K., Findling J., Dwyer A., Feuerstein I., Ling A., Travis W., Cutler G.B., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L. (1991) Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Detection of ACTH- producing Bronchial Carcinoid Tumors, Am. J. Roentgen. 156:39-43.

165. Johnson E.O., Kamilaris T.C., Carter S., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P.. (1991) Environmental Stress and Reproductive Success in the Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus jacchus) Am. J. Primatol 25:191- 201 (1991).

166. Kling M.A., Doran A., Rubinow D.R., Roy A., Post R.M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1991) CSF Levels of CRH, ACTH, and SRIF in Cushing's Syndrome, Major Depression, and Normal Volunteers: Physiological and Pathophysiological Interrelationships. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 72:260-271.

167. Laue L., Peck G., Gallucci W.T., Loriaux D.L., Chrousos G.P. (1991) Adrenal Androgen Secretion in Postadolescent Cystic Acne: Increased Adrenocortical Function without Hypersensitivity to ACTH. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 73:380-384.

168. Calogero A.E., Liapi C., Chrousos G.P. (1991) Hypothalamic and Suprahypothalamic Effects of Prolonged treatment with the Glucocorticoid Type II Receptor Agonist Dexamethasone in the Rat. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 14:277-286.

169. Smoak B., Deuster P., Rabin D., Chrousos G.P. (1991) Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone is Not the Sole Factor Mediating Exercise-induced ACTH Release in Humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 72:302-306.

170. Sombolos K., Kapetanos G., Kalogeras K.T., Christodoulou A., Chrousos G.P., Symeonidis P. (1991) Effect on Atrial Natriuretic Peptide by Bracing in Scoliosis. Boston Brace Removal Studied in 10 cases. Acta Orthop Scand. 62:379-82.

171. Waltman C., Blackman M.R., Chrousos G.P., Riemann C., Harman S.M. (1991) Spontaneous and Glucocorticoid-inhibited Adrenocorticotropic Hormone and Cortisol Secretion Are Similar in Healthy Young and Old Men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 73:495-502.

172. Perini G.I., Dervinsky O., Hauser P., Gallucci W.T., Theodore W., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Kling M.A. (1992) Effects of Carbamazepine on Pituitary-adrenal Function in Healthy Volunteers. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 74:406-412.

173. Travis W.D., Linnoila R., Tsokos M., Hitchcock C., Cutler G., Nieman L., Chrousos G.P., Pass H., Doppman J. (1991) Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Lung with Proposed Criteria for Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: An Ultrastructural, Immunochemical, and Flow Cytometric Study of 35 Cases. Amer. J. Surg. Path. 15:529-553.

174. Demitrack M., Dale J., Straus S., Laue L., Listwak S., Kruesi M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1991) Evidence of Impaired Activation of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 73:1224-1234.

175. Karalis C., Sano H., Redwine J., Listwak S., Wilder R., Chrousos G.P. (1991) Autocrine or Paracrine Inflammatory Actions of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone In Vivo. Science 254:421-423.

176. Friedman T.C., Thomas P.M., Fleisher T.A., Feuillan P., Parker R.I., Cassorla F., Chrousos G.P. (1991) Frequent Occurrence of Asplenism and Cholelithiasis in Patients with Autoimmune Polyglandular Disease Type I. Amer. J. Med. 91:625-630.

177. Oldfield E.H., Doppman J., Nieman L.K., Chrousos G.P., Miller D.L., Katz D.A., Cutler G.B., Loriaux D.L. (1991) Petrosal Sinus Sampling with and without Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Patients with Cushing's Syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 325:897-905.

178. Susman E.J., Dorn L.D., Chrousos G.P. (1991) Negative Affect and Hormone Levels in Young Adolescents: Concurrent and Predictive Perspectives. J. Youth Adolesc. 20:167-190.

179. Calogero A., Sternberg E., Bagdy G., Smith G., Bernardini R., Aksentijevich S., Wilder R.L., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1992) Neurotransmitter-induced Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis Responsiveness is Defective in Inflammatory Disease-Susceptible Lewis Rats: In vivo and In vitro Studies Suggesting Globally Defective Hypothalamic CRH Secretion. Neuroendocrinology. 55:600-608.

180. Calogero A.E., Norton J.A., Sheppard B.C., Listwak S.J., Cromack D.T., Wally R., Jensen R.T., Chrousos G.P. (1992) Pulsatile Activation of the Hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal Axis during Major Surgery. Metabolism 41:839-845.

181. Aksentijevich S., Whitfield Jr H.J., Young III W.S., Wilder R.L., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Sternberg E.M. (1992) Arthritis-susceptible Lewis Rats Fail to Emerge from the Stress Non-responsive period. Dev. Brain Res. 65:115-118.

182. Flack M.R., Oldfield E.H., Cutler G.B., Zweig M.H., Melley J.D., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Nieman L.K. (1992) The Use of Urine Free Cortisol in the High Dose Dexamethasome Suppression Test for the Differential Diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome. Ann. Int. Med. 116:211-217.

183. Kamilaris T., Johnson E., Calogero A.E., Kalogeras K., Bernardini R., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1992) Cholecystokinin-octapeptide Stimulates Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Function in Rats: Role of Corticotropin-releasing Hormone. Endocrinology 130:1764-1784.

184. Calogero A.E., Kamilaris T.C., Johnson E.O., P.W., Chrousos G.P., (1992) "Peripheral" Benzodiazepine receptor Ligands Stimulate Prolactin Release in the Rat. J. Neuroendocrinology 2:745-750.

185. Luger A., Watschinger B., Deuster P., Svoboda T., Clodi M., Chrousos G.P. (1992) Plasma Growth Hormone and Prolactin Responses to Graded Levels of Acute Exercise and to a Lactate Infusion. Neuroendocrinology 56:112-117.

186. Marini J.C., Bordenick S., Heavner G., Rose S., Hintz R., Rosenfeld R., Chrousos G.P. (1993). The Growth Hormone and Somatomedin Axis In Short Children with Osteogenesis Imperfecta. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 76:251-256.

187. Vamvakopoulos N., Mayol V., Margioris N., Chrousos G.P. (1992) Lack of Dexamethasone Modulation of mRNAs involved in the Glucocorticoid Signal Transduction Pathway in Two Cell Systems. Steroids 57:1-6.

188. Cash J.M., Crofford L.J., Gallucci W.T., Sternberg E.M., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. and Wilder R.L. (1992) Pituitary-adrenal Axis Responsiveness to Ovine CRH in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Low-dose Prednisone. J. Rheumatol. 19:1692-6.

189. Deuster P.A., Singh A., Hofmann A., Moses F.M., Chrousos G.P.. (1992) Hormonal Responses to Ingesting Water or a Carbohydrate Beverage During a 2h Run. Med. Sci. Sport Exerc. 24:72-79.

190. Burnet P., Meffor I.N., Smith C.C., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Sternberg E.M. (1992) Hippocampal [3H]-8-hydroxy-2,3-(diphenylalanine)-tetralin binding site densities, serotonin receptor (5-HT1A) messenger ribonucleic acid abundance and serotonin levels parallel the activity of the hypothalamopituitary-adrenal axis in rat. J. Neurochemistry 59:1062-1070.

191. Sternberg E.M., Glowa J., Smith M.A., Calogero A.E., Listwak S.J., Aksentijevich S., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L., and Gold P.W. (1992) Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Related Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Responses to Stress in Lewis and Fischer Rats. Brain Res. 570:54-60.

192. Roy M.S., Roy A., Gallucci W.T., Collier B., Young K., Kamilaris T.C., Chrousos G.P. (1993) The Ovine Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Test in Type I Diabetic Patients and Controls: Suggestion of Mild Chronic Hypercortisolism. Metabolism 42:696-700.

193. Patchev V., Kalogeras K., Zelazowski P., Wilder R.L., Chrousos G.P. (1992). Increased Plasma Concentrations and Hypothalamic Content and In Vitro Release of Arginine-Vasopressin in Inflammatory Disease-prone, Hypothalamic CRH-deficient Lewis Rats. Endocrinology 131:1453-1457.

194. Kling A., Rubinow D.R., Doran A.R., Roy A., Davis C.L., Calabrese J.R., Nieman L.K., Post R.M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1993) Cerebrospinal Fluid Immunoreactive Somatostatin Concentrations in Patients with Cushing's Disease and Major Depression: Relationship to Indices of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and Cortisol Secretion. Neuroendocrinology 57:79-88.

195. Chikanza I.C., Petrou P., Chrousos G.P., Kingsley G., and Panayi G. (1992) Detective Hypothalamic Response to Immune/Inflammatory Stimuli in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 35:1281-1288.

196. Karl M., Lamberts S.W., Detera-Wadleigh S., Encio I.J., Stratakis C.A., Hurley D.M., Accili D., Chrousos G.P. (1993) Familial Glucocorticoid Resistance Caused by a Splice Site Deletion in the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 76:683-89.

197. Crofford L.J., Sano H., Karalis K., Webster E.L., Goldmuntz E.A., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L. (1992) Local Secretion of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in the Joints of Lewis Rats with Inflammatory Arthritis. J. Clin. Invest. 90:2555-2564.

198. Doppman J.L., Pass H.I., Nieman L.K., Miller D.L., Chang R., Cutler G.B., Chrousos G.P., Jaffe G.S., Norton J.A. (1992) Corticotropin-secreting Carcinoid Tumors of the Thymus: Diagnostic Unreliability of Thymic Venous Sampling. Radiology 184:71-74.

199. Cizza G., Brady L., Calogero A., Bagdy G., Lynn A.B., Kling M.A., Blackman M.R., Chrousos G. P., Gold P.W. (1992) Central Hypothyroidism is Associated with Advanced Age in Male Fischer 344/N Rats: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. Endocrinology 131:2672-2680.

200. Smith C.C., Hauser E., Renaud N.K., Leff A., Aksentijevich S., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L., Gold P.W., Sternberg E.M. (1992) Increased Hypothalamic 3H-Flunitrazepam Binding in Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Hyporesponsive Rats. Brain Res 569:295-299.

201. Zelitch Yanovski S., Yanovski J.A., Gwirtsman H.E., Bernat A., Gold P.W., and Chrousos, G.P. (1993) Normal Dexamethasone Suppression in Obese Binge and Non-binge Eaters with Rapid Weight Loss. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 76:675-79.

202. Yanovski J.A., Cutler G.B., Chrousos, G.P., Nieman L.K. (1993) Corticotropin-releasing Hormone stimulation following low-dose dexamethasone administration: A new test to distinguish Cushings syndrome from Pseudo-Cushings states. JAMA 269:2232-38.

203. Zelazowski P., Smith M.A., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L., Sternberg E.M. (1992) In Vitro Regulation of Pituitary ACTH Secretion in Inflammatory Disease Susceptible Lewis and Inflammatory Disease Resistant Fischer Rats. Neuroendocrinology 56:474-482.

204. Bouzas E.A., Mastorakos G., Chrousos G.P., Kaiser-Kupfer M.I. (1993) Lisch Nodules in Cushing Disease. Archives Ophthalmol. 111:439-40.

205. Swain M.G., Patchev V., Vergalla T., Chrousos G.P., Jones E.A. (1993) Suppression of Hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal Axis Responsiveness to Stess in a Rat Model of Acute Cholestasis. J. Clin. Invest. 91:1903-1908.

206. Cizza G., Kvetnansky R., Tartaglia M.E., Blackman M.R., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1993) Immobilization Stress Rapidly Decreases Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Secretion in Vitro in the male 344/N Fischer Rat. Life Sciences 53:233-240.

207. Crofford L.J., Sano H., Karalis K., Friedman T.C., Epps H.R., Remmers E.F., Mathern P., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L. (1993) Corticotropin-releasing Hormone in Synovial Fluids and Tissues of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis. J. Immunology 151:1-10.

208. Chikanza I.C., Petrou P., Chrousos G.P., Kingsley G., Panayi G.S. (1993) Excessive and Dysregulated Secretion of Prolactin in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Immunopathogenetic and Therapeutic Implications. Br. J. Rheumatol. 32:445-448.

209. Gomez M.T., Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., Chrousos, G.P. (1993) The Pituitary Corticotroph is not the Rate Limiting Step in the Postoperative Recovery of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis in Patients with Cushing's Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 77:173-77.

210. Vamvakopoulos N.C., Chrousos G.P. (1993) Regulated Activity of the Distal Promoter-like Element of the Human Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene and Secondary Structural Features of its Corresponding Transcripts. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 94:73-78.

211. Mastorakos G., Webster E.L., Friedman T.C., Chrousos G.P. (1993) Immunoreactive Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) and its Binding Sites in the Rat Ovary. J. Clin. Invest. 92:961-968.

212. Vamvakopoulos N.C., Fukuhara K., Patchev V.K., Chrousos G.P. (1993) Effect of Single and Repeated Immobilization Stress on the Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 70/90 System in the Rat: Glucocorticoid-Independent, Reversible Reduction of HSP90 in the Liver and Spleen. Neuroendocrinology 57:1057-1065.

213. Yanovski J.A., Yanovski S.Z., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P., (1993) Differences in the Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Adrenal Axis of Black and White Women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol. 77:536-541.

214. Yanovski J.A., Cutler G.B., Doppman J.L., Miller D.L., Chrousos G.P., Oldfield E.H., Nieman L.K. (1993) The Limited Ability of Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling with Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Distinguishing Cushing Disease from Pseudo-Cushing States or Normal Physiology. J. Clin. Endocrinology. Metab. 77:503-509.

215. Vamvakopoulos N.C., Chrousos G.P., Griffin C.A., Hawkins A.L., Lee C., Jabs E.W. (1993) Mapping the Intron-containing Human hsp 90 (hspCAL4) Gene to Chromosome 14G32. Cytogenet Cell Gen. 64:224-226.

216. Bouzas E.A., Scott M.H., Mastorakos S.G., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P., Kaiser-Kupfer M.I. (1993) Central Serous Chorioretinopathy in Endogenous Hypercortisolism. Arch. Ophthalmol. 111:1229-33.

217. Vamvakopoulos N.C., Chrousos G.P. (1993) Evidence of Direct Estrogen Regulation of Human Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Gene Expression: Potential Implications for the Sexual Dimorphism of the Stress Response and Immune/Inflammatory Reaction. J. Clin. Invest. 92:1896-1902.

218. Patchev V.K., Mastorakos G., Brady L.S., Redwine J., Wilder R.L., and Chrousos G.P. (1993) Increased Arginine Vasopressin Secretion May Participate in the Enhanced Susceptibility of Lewis Rats to Inflammatory Disease. Neuroendocrinology. 58:106-110.

219. Reincke M., Karl M., Travis W., Chrousos G.P. (1993) No Evidence for Oncogenic Mutations in Guanine Nucleotide Binding Proteins of Human Adrenocortical Neoplasms. J. Clin. Endocrin. Metabol. 77:1419-1422.

220. Tsigos C., Arai K., Hung W., Chrousos G.P. (1993) Hereditary Isolated Glucocorticoid Deficiency is Associated with Abnormalilties of the Adrenocorticotropin Receptor Gene. J. Clin. Invest. 92:2461-2485.

221. Vamvakopoulos N.C., Durkin S., Nierman W., Chrousos G.P. (1993) Mapping the Human Adrenocorticotropin Hormone (ACTHR) Gene to the Small Arm of Chromosome 18 (18p. 11.21- pter.) Genomics 18:454-455.

222. Gallucci W.T., Baum A., Laue L., Rabin D.S., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Kling M.A. (1993) Sex Differences in Sensitivity of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal Axis. Health Psychology 12:420-425.

223. Mastorakos G., Chrousos G.P., Weber J. (1993) Recombinant Interleukin 6 Activates the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 27:1690-1694.

224. Reincke M., Allolio B., Petzke F., Heppner C., Mbulamberi D., Winklemann W., Chrousos G.P. (1993) Thyroid Dysfunction in African Trypanosomiasis: Evidence for Cytokine-Mediated Hypothyroidism. Clin. Endocrinol. 39:455-461.

225. Nieman L.K., Oldfield E.H., Wesley R., Chrousos G.P., Loriaux D.L., Cutler G.B. Jr., (1993) A simplified Morning Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test for the Differential Diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.77:1308-1312.

226. Reincke M. Allolio B., Arlt W., Heppner C., Petcke F., Mbulamberi D., Siekman L., Vollmer D., Winkleman W., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Impairment of Adrenocortical Function Associated with Increased Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Interleukin-6 Concentrations in African Trypanosomiasis. NeuroImmunoModulation 1:14-22.

227. Doppman J., Nieman L.K., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Fraker D.L., Norton J.A., Jensen R.T. (1994) Adrenocorticotropin Hormone-Secreting Islet Cell Tumors: Are They Always Malignant? Radiology 190:59-64.

228. Zeiger M.A., Fraker D.L., Pass H.I., Nieman L.K., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Norton J.A. (1993) Effective Reversibility of the Signs and Symptoms of Hypercorticosolism by Bilateral Adrenalectomy. Surgery 114:1138-43.

229. Bouzas E.A., Mastorakos G., Friedman T.C., Scott M.H., Chrousos G.P., Kaiser-Kupfer M.I. (1993) Posterior Subcapsular Cataract in Endogenous Cushing Syndrome: An Uncommon Manifestation. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 34:3497-3500.

230. Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., Gomez M.T., Rose S.R., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Suppressed Spontaneous and Stimulated Growth Hormone Secretion in Patients with Cushing Disease Before and After Surgical Cure. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78:131-137.

231. Zelazowski P., Patchev V.K., Zelazowski E.B., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Sternberg E.M. (1993) Release of Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and Arginine Vasopressin by Interleukin-1 and -MSH: Studies in Rats with Different Susceptibility to Inflammatory Disease. Brain Res. 631:22-26.

232. Ram Z., Nieman L.K., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Doppman J., Oldfield E.H. (1994) Early Repeat Surgery for Persistent Cushing's Disease. J. Neurosurg. 80:37-45.

233. Patchev V.K., Karalis K., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Effect of Excitatory Amino Acid Transmitters on Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) and Arginine Vasopressin Release: Implications for Pituitary-Adrenal Regulation. Brain Res. 633:312-316.

234. Vamvakopoulos N.C., Chrousos G.P. (1993) Structural Organization of the 5' Flanking Region of the Human Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Gene. J DNA Sequencing and Mapping 4:197-206.

235. DeBellis M., Chrousos G.P., Dorn L., Burke L., Helmers K., Kling M.A., Trickett P.K., Putnam F.W. (1994) Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Dysregulation in Sexually Abused Girls. J. Clin Endocrinol. Metab. 78:249-255.

236. Kling M., Demitrack M., Whitfield H. Jr., Kalogeras K., Listwak S., DeBellis M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Brandt H. (1993) Effects of the Glucocorticoid Antagonist RU 486 on Pituitary-Adrenal Function in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa and Healthy Volunteers: Enhancement of Plasma ACTH and Cortisol Secretion in Underweight Patients. Neuroendocrinol. 57:1082-1091.

237. Reincke M., Karl M., Travis W., Mastorakos G., Allolio B., Linehan M.H., Chrousos G.P., (1994) P53 Mutations in Human Adrenocortical Neoplasms: Immunohistochemical and Molecular Studies. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78:790-794.

238. Cizza G., Kalogeras A.E., Brady L.S., Bagdy G., Bergamini E., Blackman M.R., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1994) Male 344 Fischer Rats Show a Progressive Central Impairment of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal-Axis with Advancing Age. Endocrinology 134:1611-1620.

239. Friedman T.C., Garcia-Borreguero D., Hardwick D., Akuete C.N., Stambuk M.K., Dorn G.B.Jr., Nieman L.K., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Diurnal Rhythm of Plasma Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide in Humans: Evidence for Positive Correlation with Body Temperature and Negative Correlation with REM Slow Wave Sleep. J. Clin. Endocrin. & Metab. 78:1085-1089.

240. Karalis K., Mastorakos G., Chrousos G.P., Tolis G. (1994) Somatostatin Analogs Suppress the Inflammatory Reaction In Vivo. J. Clin. Invest. 93:2000-2006.

241. Kawatito Y., Sano H., Kawata M., Yuri K., Yamamura Y., Kato H., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L., Kondo M. (1994) Local Secretion of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone by Enterochromafin Cells in Human Colon. Gastroenterology 106:859-65.

242. Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., Oldfield E.H., Gomez M.T., Doppman J.L., Cutler G.B. Jr., Nieman L.K., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Cushing Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: Presentation, Diagnosis and Therapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 331:629-36.

243. Auchus R.J., Mastorakos G., Friedman T.C., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Production by a Small Cell Carcinoma in a Patient with ACTH-dependent Cushing Syndrome. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 17:447-452.

244. Petrides J.S., Mueller G.P., Kalogeras K.T., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Deuster P.A. (1994) Exercise- induced Activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Marked Differences in the Sensitivity to Glucocorticoid Suppression. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79:377-383.

245. Riddick L., Chrousos G.P., Jeffries S., Pang S. (1994) Comparison of Adrenocorticotropin and Adrenal Steroid Response to Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Versus Metyrapone Testing in Patients with Hypopituitarism. Pediatric Research 36:215-220.

246. Scopa C.D., Mastorakos M., Friedman T.C., Melachrinou M.C., Merino M.J., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Presence of Immunoreactive Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) in Thyroid Lesions. Am. J. Pathology 145:1159-1167.

247. Michelson D., Stone L., Galliven E., Magiakou M.A., Chrousos G.P., Sternberg E.M., Gold P.W. (1994) Multiple Sclerosis is Associated with Alterations in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Function. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79:848-853.

248. Arai K., Tsigos C., Suzuki Y., Irony I., Karl M., Listwak S., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Physiological and Molecular Aspects of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Action in Pseudohypoaldosteronism: A Responsiveness Test and Therapy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79:1019-1023.

249. Mastorakos G., Scopa C., Friedman T., Vryonidou A., Kattis D., Phenekos K., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Presence of Immunoreactive Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Normal and Polycystic Human Ovaries. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79:934-939.

250. Mastorakos G., Weber J.S., Magiakou M.A., Gunn H., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Hypothalamic-Pituitary- Adrenal Axis Activation and Stimulation of Systemic Vasopressin Secretion by Recombinant Interleukin 6 in Humans: Potential Implications for the Syndrome of Inappropriate Vasopressin Secretion. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79:1191-1197.

251. Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Final Stature in Patients with Endogenous Cushing Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79:1082-1085.

252. Patchev V.K., Brady L.S., Karl M., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Gene Expression of hsp90 and Glucocorticoid Receptors in the Brain: Evidence for Coordinate Regulation by Adrenal Steroid Levels In Vivo. Cell. Mol. Endocrinol. 103:57-64.

253. Stratakis C.A., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Capillaritis (Purpura Simplex) Associated with Use of Aminoglutethimide in Cushing's Syndrome. Am. J. Hospital Pharmacy 51:2589-2591.

254. Beuschlein F., Reincke M., Karl M., Travis W.D., Jaursch-Hancke C., Abdelhamid S., Chrousos G.P., Allolio B. (1994) Clonal Composition of Human Adrenocortical Neoplasms. Cancer Research 54:4927-4932.

255. Bernadini R., Chiarenza A., Kamilaris T.C., Renaud N., Lempereur L., Demitrack M., Gold P.W., Chrousos, G.P. (1994) In Vivo and In Vitro Effects of Arginine-Vasopressin Receptor Antagonists on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in the Rat. Neuroendocrinology 60:503-508.

256. Friedman T., Garcia D.B., Hardwick D., Akuete C., Doppman J., Dorn L., Barker C., Chrousos G.P. (1994) Decreased Delta Sleep and Plasma Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide Immunoreactivity in Patients with Cushing Syndrome. Neuroendocrinology 60:626-634.

257. Crofford L.J., Pillemer S.R., Kalogeras K.T., Cash J.M., Michelson D., Kling M.A., Sternberg E.M., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L. (1994) Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal-Axis Perturbation in Patients with Fibromyalgia. Arthritis and Rheumatism 37:1583-1592.

258. Michelson D., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1994) Type I Glucocorticoid Receptor Blockade Does Not Affect Baseline or Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone-Stimulated Adrenocorticotropic Hormone and Cortisol Secretion. NeuroImmunoModulation 1:274-277.

259. Mastorakos G., Cizza G., Kvetnansky R., Bergamini E., Blackman M.R., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1995) Aging and Acute Stress Decrease Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in the Ovary of the Fischer 344/N Rat. Life Sciences 56:1065-1071.

260. Latronico A.C., Reincke M., Mendonca B.B., Arai K., Mora P., Allolio B., Wajchenberg B.L.,

261. Chrousos, G.P., Tsigos C. (1995) No Evidence for Oncogenic Mutations in the Adrenocorticotropin Receptor (ACTH-R) Gene in Human Adrenocortical Neoplasms. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80:875-877.

262. Arai K., Tsigos C., Suzuki Y., Listwak S., Zachman K., Zangeneh F., Rapaport R., Chanoine J.P., Chrousos G.P. (1995) No Apparent Mineralocorticoid Receptor Defect in a Series of Sporadic Cases of Pseudohypoaldosteronism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80:814-817.

263. Cizza G., Pacak K., Kvetnansky R., Palkovits M., Goldstein D.S., Brady L.S., Fukuhara K., Bergamini E., Kopin I.J., Blackman M.R., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1995) Decreased Stress Responsivity of the Central and Peripheral Catecholaminergic Systems in the Aged 344/N Fischer Rat. J. Clin. Invest. 95:1217-1224.

264. Heinrichs C., Deschepper J., Tsigos C., Drews R., Collu R., Dugardeyn C., Goyens P., Ghanem G.E., Bosson D., Chrousos G.P., Van Vliet G. (1995) Familial Adrenocorticotropin Unresponsiveness Associated with Alacrima and Achalasia: Biochemical and Molecular Studies in Two Siblings with Clinical Heterogeneity. European J. Peds. 154:191-196.

265. Bamberger C.M., Bamberger A.M., De Castro M., Chrousos G.P. (1995) Glucocorticoid Receptor- Beta, a Potential Endogenous Inhibitor of Glucocorticoid Action in Humans. J. Clin. Invest. 95:2435-2441.

266. Tsigos C., Arai K., Latronico A-C, DiGeorge A., Rapaport R., Chrousos G.P. (1995) A Novel Mutation of the Adrenocorticotropin Receptor (ACTH-R) Gene in a Family with the Syndrome of Isolated Glucocorticoid Deficiency but No ACTH-R Abnormalities in Two Families with Triple A Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80:2186-2189.

267. Mastorakos G., Patchev V.K., Chader G.J., Chrousos G.P., Gaudet S.J. (1995) Differences in arylakylamine N-Acetyltransferase Activity Between Inflammatory Disease-Susceptible Lewis and -Resistant Fischer Rats. Neuroendocrinology 62:71-78.

268. Doppman J.L., Nieman L.K., Chang R., Yanovski J.A., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Oldfield E.H. (1995) Selective Venous Sampling from the Cavernous Sinuses is not a More Reliable Technique than Sampling from the Inferior Petrosal Sinuses in Cushing Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80:2485-2489.

269. Karalis K., Crofford L., Wilder R.L., Chrousos G.P. (1995) Glucocorticoid and/or Glucocorticoid Antagonist Effects in Inflammatory Disease-Susceptible Lewis and -Resistant Fischer Rats. Endocrinology 136:3107-3112.

270. Karalis K., Mastorakos G., Sano H., Davis C., Wilder R.L., Chrousos G.P. (1995) Somatostatin May Participate in the Antiinflammatory Actions of Glucocorticoids. Endocrinology 136:4133-4138.

271. Pacak K., McCarty R, Palkovitz M., Cizza G., Kopin I.J., Goldstein D., Chrousos G.P. (1995) Decreased Central and Peripheral Catecholaminergic Activation in Obese Zucker Rats. Endocrinology 136:4360-4367.

272. Mastorakos G., Bouzas E., Caspi R., Friedman T., Chrousos G.P. (1995) Immune Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) is Present in the Eyes of and Promotes Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis (EAU) in Rodents. Endocrinology 136:4650-4658.

273. Stratakis C.A., Mitsiadis N.S., Sun D., Chrousos G.P., O'Connell A. (1995) Recurring Oral Giant Cell Lesion in X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets: Clinical Manifestation of Occult Hyperparathyroidism? J. Pediatrics 127:444-446.

274. Vgontzas A.N., Friedman T.C., Chrousos G.P., Bixler E.O., Vela-Bueno A., Kales A. (1995) Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide in Normal Humans and in Patients with Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy. Peptides 16:1153-1156.

275. Dorn L.D., Burgess E.S., Dubbert B., Kling M., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1995) Psychopathology in Patients with Endogenous Cushing Syndrome: "Atypical" or "Melancholic" Features. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 43:433-442.

276. Cizza G., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1995) The Stress-Induced Inhibition of the Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Thyroid Axis is Attenuated in the Aged Fischer 344/N Male Rat. Neuroendocrinology 62:506-13.

277. Theoharides T.C., Spanos C., Pang Z., Alferes L., Ligris K., Letourneau R., Rozniecki J.J., Webster E., Chrousos G.P. (1995) Stress-Induced Intracranial Mast Cell Degranulation. A Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone-Mediated Effect. Endocrinology 136:5745-50.

278. Yanovski J.A., Yanovski S.Z., Harrington L., Gold P., Chrousos G.P. (1995) Differences in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis of Black and White Men. Hormone Research 44:208-212.

279. Chen H., Doppman J.L., Chrousos G.P., Norton J.A., Nieman L.K., Udelsman R. (1995) ACTH- Secreting Pheochromocytomas: The Exception to the Rule. Surgery 118:988-995.

280. Yu K.C., Alexander H.R., Ziessman H.A., Norton J.A., Buell J.F., Nieman L.K., Cutler Jr G.B., Chrousos G.P., Fraker D.L. (1995) The Role of Pre-Operative Iodocholesterol Scintiscanning in Patients Undergoing Adrenalectomy for Cushing's Syndrome. Surgery 118:981-987.

281. Amikura K., Alexander R.H., Norton J.A., Doppman J.L., Jensen R.T., Nieman L.K., Cutler G.B., Chrousos G.P., Fraker D.L. (1995) The Role of Surgery in Management of ACTH-Producing Islet Cell Tumors of the Pancreas. Surgery 118:1125-1130.

282. Kawahito Y., Sano H., Mukai S., Asai K., Kimura S., Yamamura Y., Kato H., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L., Kondo M. (1995) Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Colonic Mucosa in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. GUT 37:544-551.

283. Stratakis C.A., Carney A., Ping J., Papanicolaou D.A., Karl M., Kastner D.L., Pras E., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Carney Complex, a Familial Multiple Neoplasia and Lentiginosis Syndrome: Analysis of 11 Kindreds and Linkage to the Short Arm of Chromosome 2. J. Clin. Invest. 97:699-705.

284. Karl M., Von Wichert G., Kempter E., Katz D.A., Reincke M., Monig H., Ali I.U., Stratakis C.A., Oldfield E.H., Chrousos G.P., Schulte H.M. (1996) Nelson's Syndrome Associated with a Somatic Frame Shift Mutation in the Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:124-129.

285. Ghizzoni L., Mastorakos G., Vottero A., Magiakou M.A., Chrousos G.P., Bernasconi S. (1996) Spontaneous Cortisol and Growth Hormone Secretion Interactions in Patients with Nonclassic 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (NCCAH) and Control Children. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:482-487.

286. Latronico A.C., Anasti J., Arnhold I.J.P., Rapaport R., Mendonca B.B., Bloise W., de Castro M., Tsigos G., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Testicular and Ovarian Resistance to Luteinizing Hormone Caused by Homozygous Inactivating Mutations of the Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Gene. N. Engl. J. Med. 334:507-512.

287. Johnson E.O., Decker L., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Distribution of Hippocampal Mineralocorticoid and Glucocorticoid Receptor mRNA in a Glucocorticoid Resistant Nonhuman Primate. Steroids 61:69-73.

288. Petzke F., Heppner C., Mbulamberi D., Winkelmann W., Chrousos G.P., Allolio B., Reincke M. (1996) Hypogonadism in Rhodesian Sleeping Sickness: Evidence for Acute and Chronic Dysfunction of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis. Fertility and Sterility 65:68-75.

289. Mastorakos G., Scopa C.D., Kao L.C., Vryonidou A., Friedman T.C., Kattis D., Phenekos C., Rabin D., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Presence of Immunoreactive Corticotropin Releasing-Hormone (CRH) in Human Endometrium. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:1046-1050.

290. Dorn L.D., Burgess E.S., Dichek H.L., Putnam F., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1996) Thyroid Hormone Concentrations in Depressed and Non-Depressed Adolescents: Group Differences and Behavioral Relations. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 35:299-306.

291. Leong, G.M., Mercado-Asis, L.B., Reynolds, J.C., Oldfield, E.H., Chrousos, G.P. (1996) The Effect of Cushing Disease on Bone Mineral Density, Body Composition, Growth and Puberty: A Report of an Identical Adolescent Twin Pair. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:1905-1911.

292. Magiakou, M.A., Mastorakos, G., Rabin, D., Dubbert, B., Gold, P.W., Chrousos, G.P. (1996) Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Suppression during the Postpartum Period: Implications for the Increase of Psychiatric Manifestations during this Time. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:1912-1917.

293. Karl M., Saviolakis G.A., Gravanis A., Chrousos G.P., Margioris A.N. (1996) The PC 12 Rat Pheochromocytoma Cell Line Expresses the Prodynorphin Gene and Secretes the 8 kdalton Dynorphin Product. Regulatory Peptides 61:99-104.

294. Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., Rabin D., Margioris A.N., Dubbert B., Calogero A.E., Tsigos C., Munson P.J., Chrousos, G.P. (1996) The Maternal Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Third Trimester Human Pregnancy. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 44:419-428.

295. Kalogeras K.T., Nieman L.K., Friedman T.C., Dopppman J.L., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L., Gold P.W., Yanovski J.A. (1996) Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling in Normal Human Subjects Reveals a Unilateral Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone-Induced Arginine Vasopressin Release Associated with Ipsilateral Adrenal Corticotropin Secretion. J. Clin. Invest. 97:2045-2050

296. Johnson E.O., Kamilaris T.C., Calogero A.E., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Effects of Early Parenting on Growth and Development in a Small Primate. Pediatric Research 39:999-1005.

297. Papanicolaou, D.A., Tsigos, C., Oldfield, E.H., Chrousos, G.P. (1996) Acute Glucocorticoid Deficiency is Associated with Plasma Elevation of Interleukin-6: Does the Latter Participate in the Symptomatology of the Steroid Withdrawal Syndrome and Adrenal Insufficiency? J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:2303-2306.

298. Dorn L.D., Burgess E.S., Susman E.J., Von Eye A., DeBellis M.D. Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Response to Ovine Corticotropin Releasing Hormone in Depressed and Nondepressed Adolescents: Does Gender Make a Difference? J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 35:764-773.

299. Burgess E.S., Dorn L.D., Haaga D., Chrousos G.P (1996) Sociotropy, Autonomy, Stress and Depression in Cushing Syndrome. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 184:362-367.

300. Karl M., Lamberts S.W.J., Koper J.W., Katz, D.A., Huizenga N.E., Kino T., Haddad B.R., Hughes M.R., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Cushing's Disease Preceded by Generalized Glucocorticoid Resistance: Clinical Consequences of a Novel, Dominant-negative Glucocorticoid Receptor Mutation. Proc. Assn. Amer. Phys. 108:296-307.

301. Friedman, T.C., Nieman, L.K., Yanovski, J.A., Doppman, J.L., Cutler, G.B. Jr., Oldfield, E.H., Gold, P.W., Chrousos, G.P., Kalogeras, K.T. (1996) Inferior Petrosal Sinus Arginine Vasopressin Concentrations in Normal Volunteers and Patients with Cushing Disease. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:3068-3072.

302. Yanovski, J.A., Zelitch-Yanovski, S.A., Friedman, T.C., Loh Peng, Y., Jayasvasti, V., Cutler, G.B. Jr., Chrousos, G.P. (1996) Etiology of the Differences in Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone-Induced ACTH Secretion of Black and White Women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:3307-3311.

303. Makrigiannakis A., Zoumakis E., Margioris A.N., Stournaras C., Chrousos G.P., Gravanis A. (1996) Regulation of the Promoter of the Human Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) Gene in Transfected Human Endometrial Cells. Neuroendocrinology 64:85-92.

304. DeMarco, L., Stratakis, C.A., Boson, W.L., Jakbovitz, O., Carson, E., Andrade, L.M., Amaral, V.F., Rocha, J.L., Chrousos, G.P., Nordenskjöld, M., Friedman, E. (1996) Sporadic Cardiac Myxomas and Tumors from Patients with Carney Complex are not Associated with Activating Mutations of the Gs Gene. Hum. Genet. 98:185-188.

305. Papanicolaou D.A., Petrides J.S., Tsigos C., Bina S., Kalogeras K.T., Wilder R., Gold P.W., Deuster P.A., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Exercise Stimulates Interleukin-6 Secretion: Inhibition By Glucocorticoids and Correlation With Catecholamines. Am. J. Physiol. E601-E605.

306. Johnson E.O., Kamilaris T.C., Carter C.S., Calogero A.E., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1996) The Biobehavioral Consequences of Psychogenic Stress in a Small, Social Primate (Callithrix jacchus jacchus). Biol. Psychiatry 40:317-337.

307. Castro M., Elliot S., Kino T., Bamberger C., Karl M., Webster E., Chrousos G.P. (1996) The Nonligand Binding -Isoform of the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor (hGR): Tissue Levels, Mechanism of Action and Potential Physiologic Role. Mol. Med. 2:597-607.

308. Yanovski J.A., Yanovski S.Z., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Filmer K. (1996) Differences in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis of African American and Caucasian Girls. J. Pediatrics 129:130-136.

309. Cizza G., Nieman L.K., Doppman J.L., Passaro M.D., Czerwiec F.S., Chrousos G.P., Cutler G.B. Jr. (1996) Factitious Cushing Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:3573-3577.

310. Stratakis C.A., Jenkins R.B., Pras E., Mitsiadis C.S., Raff S.B., Stalboerger P.G., Tsigos C., Carney A., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Cytogenetic and Mircosatellite Alterations in Tumors from Patients with the Syndrome of Myxomas, Spotty Skin Pigmentation, and Endocrine Overactivity (Carney Complex). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:3607-3614.

311. Reincke M., Wachenfeld C., Mora P., Thumser A., Jaursch-Hancke C., Abdelhamid S., Chrousos G.P., Allolio B. (1996) p53 Mutations in Adrenal Tumors: Caucasian Patients Do Not Show the Exon 4 "Hot Spot" Found in Taiwan. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81:3636-3638.

312. Michelson, D., Stratakis, C., Hill, L.Y., Reynolds, J., Galliven, E., Chrousos, G.P., Gold, P.W. (1996) Bone Mineral Density is Decreased in Women With Depression. N. Engl. J. Med. 335:1176-1181.

313. Elenkov I.J., Papanicolaou D.A., Wilder R.L., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Modulatory Effects of Glucocorticoids and Catecholamines on Human Interleukin-12 and Interleukin-10 Production: Clinical Implications. Proc. Assn. Am. Phys. 108:374-381.

314. Stratakis C.A., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Transient Elevation of Serum Thyroid Hormone Levels Following Lithium Discontinuation. Eur. J. Peds. 155:939-941.

315. Wong M., Ramayya M.S., Chrousos G.P., Driggers P.H., Parker K.L. (1996) Cloning and Sequencing Analysis of the Human Gene Encoding Steroidogenic Factor 1. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 17:139-147.

316. Webster E.L., Lewis D.B., Torpy D.J., Zachman E.K., Rice K.C., Chrousos G.P. (1996) In Vivo and In Vitro Characterization of Antalarmin, a Nonpeptide Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) Receptor Antagonist: Suppression of Pituitary ACTH Release and Peripheral Inflammation. Endocrinology 137:5747-5750.

317. Cizza G., Brady L.S., Esclapes M., Blackman M.R., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Age and Gender Influence Basal and Stress-Modulated Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroidal Function in Fischer 344/N Rats. Neuroendocrinology 64:440-448.

318. Stratakis C.A., Orban Z., Burns A.L., Vottero A., Mitsiades C.S., Marx S.J., Abbassi V., Chrousos G.P. (1996) Dideoxyfingerprinting (ddF) Analysis of the Type X Collagen Gene (COL10A1) and Identification of a Novel Mutation (S671P) in a Kindred with Schmid Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia. Biochem. Mol. Med. 59:112-117.

319. Friedman T.C., Mastorakos G., Newman T.D., Mullen N.M., Horton E.G., Costello R., Papadopoulos N.M., Chrousos G.P.. (1996) Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Endogenous Hypercortisolism: Shared Features with Metabolic Syndrome X and Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Endocrine Journal 43:645-656.

320. Stratakis C.A., Mitsiades N.S., Chrousos G.P., Margioris A.N. (1996) Dopamine Affects Rat Placenta Opioids in a Receptor- and Opioid Type-Specific Manner. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 315:53-58.

321. Oberfield S.E., Nirenberg A., Allen J.C., Cohen H., Donahue B., Prasad V., Schiff R., Pang S., Ghavimi F., David., Chrousos G.P., Sklar C. (1997) Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Function Following Cranial Irradiation. Horm. Res. 47:9-16.

322. Susman E., Dorn L., Inoff-Germain G., Nottelmann E., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Cortisol Reactivity, Distress Behavior, and Behavioral and Psychological Problems in Young Adolescents: A Longitudinal Perspective. J. Res. Adolescence 7:81-105.

323. Dorn L.D., Burgess E.S., Friedman T.C., Dubbert B., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1997) The Longitudinal Course of Psychopathology in Cushing Syndrome After Correction of Hypercortisolism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:912-919.

324. Sarlis N.J., Chrousos G.P., Doppman J.L., Carney J.A., Stratakis C.A. (1997) Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease: Reevaluation of a Patient with Carney Complex 27 Years After Unilateral Adrenalectomy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:1274-1278.

325. Crofford L.J., Kalogeras K.T., Mastorakos G., Magiakou M-A., Wells J., Kanik K.S., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L. (1997) Circadian Relationships Between Interleukin (IL)-6 and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Hormones: Failure of IL-6 to Cause Sustained Hypercortisolism in Patients with Early Untreated Rheumatoid Arthritis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:1279-1283.

326. Licinio J., Mantzoros C., Negrão A.B., Cizza G., Wong M-L, Bongiorno P.B., Chrousos G.P., Karp B., Ellen C., Flier J.S., Gold P.W. (1997) Human Leptin Levels are Pulsatile and Inversely Related to Pituitary-Adrenal Function. Nature Medicine 3:575-579.

327. Taymans S.E., DeVries A.C., DeVries M.B., Nelson R.J., Friedman T.C., Castro M., Detera-Wadleigh S., Carter C.S., Chrousos G.P. (1997) The Prairie Vole (Microtus ochrogaster) as a Model of Glucocorticoid Resistance. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 106:48-61.

328. Vgontzas A.N., Papanicolaou D.A., Bixler E.O., Kales A., Tyson K., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Elevation of Plasma Cytokines in Disorders of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: Role of Sleep Disturbance and Obesity. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:1313-1316.

329. Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., Zachman K., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents with Cushing Syndrome Before and After Surgical Cure. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:1734-1738.

330. Ramayya M.S., Zhou J., Kino T., Segars J.H., Bondy C.A., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Steroidogenic Factor-1 (hSF-1) mRNA Expression in Steroidogenic and Nonsteroidogenic Human Tissues: Northern Blot and In Situ Hybridization Studies. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:1799-1806.

331. Yanovski J.A., Yanovski S.Z., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Differences in Corticotropin- Releasing Hormone-Stimulated Adrenocorticotropin and Cortisol Before and After Weight Loss. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:1874-1878.

332. de Lange P., Koper J.W., Huizenga N.A.T.M., Brinkman A.O., de Jong F.H., Cato A.C.B., Karl M., Chrousos G.P., Lamberts S.W.J. (1997) Differential Hormone-Dependent Transactivation and Transrepression by Naturally Occurring Human Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Variants. Mol. Endocrinol. 11:1156-1164

333. Premkumar A., Stratakis C.A., Shawker T.H., Papanicolaou D.A., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Testicular Ultrasound in Carney Complex: Report of Three Cases. J. Clin. Ultrasound. 25:211-214.

334. Petrides J.S., Gold P.W., Mueller G.P., Singh A., Stratakis C.A., Chrousos G.P., Deuster P.A. (1997) Marked Differences in Functioning of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Between Groups of Men. J. Appl. Physiol. 82:1979-1988.

335. Reincke M., Beuschlein F., Latronico A-C., Arlt W., Chrousos G.P., Allolio B. (1997) Expression of Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone Receptor mRNA in Human Adrenocortical Neoplasms: Correlation with P450scc Expression. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 46:619-626.

336. Michelson D., Galliven E., Hill L., Demitrack M., Chrousos G.P., Gold P. (1997) Chronic Imipramine is Associated with Diminished Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Responsivity in Healthy Humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:2601-2606.

337. Cizza G., Lotsikas A.J., Licinio J., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Plasma Leptin Levels Do Not Change in Patients with Cushing’s Disease Shortly After Correction of Hypercortisolism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:2747-2750.

338. Tsigos C., Papanicolaou D.A., Defensor R., Mitsiades C.S., Kyrou I., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Dose Effects of Recombinant Human Interleukin-6 on Piuitary Hormone Secretion and Energy Expenditure. Neuroendocrinology 66:54-62.

339. Bamberger C.M., Bamberger A., Wald M., Chrousos G.P., Schulte H.M. (1997) Inhibition of Mineralocorticoid Activity by the -Isoform of the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor. J. Steroid Biochem. and Mol. Biol. 60:43-50.

340. Arnold I.J.P., Latronico A.C., Batista M.C., Carvalho F.M., Chrousos G.P., Mendonca B.B. (1997) Ovarian Resistance to Luteinizing Hormone: A Novel Cause of Amenorrhea and Infertility. Fertil. Steril. 67:394-397.

341. Reincke M., Mora P., Beuschlein F., Arlt W., Chrousos G.P., Allolio B. (1997) Deletion of the Adrenocorticotropin Receptor Gene in Human Adrenocortical Tumors: Implications for Tumorigenesis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:3054-3058.

342. Vgontzas A.N., Bixler E.O., Papanicolaou D.A., Kales A., Stratakis C.A., Vela-Bueno A., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1997) REM Sleep Correlates with the Overall Activities of the Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis and Sympathetic System in Healthy Humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:3278-3280.

343. Ghizzoni L., Mastorakos G., Vottero A., Bareca A., Furlini M., Cesarone A., Ferrari B., Chrousos G.P., Bernasconi S. (1997) Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) Inhibits Steroid Biosynthesis by Cultured Human Granulosa-Lutein Cells in a CRH and Interleukin-1 Receptor -Mediated Fashion. Endocrinology 138:4806-4811.

344. Yanovski J.A., Friedman T.C., Nieman L.K., Chrousos G.P., Cutler G.B. Jr., Doppman J.L., Kalogeras K.T. (1997) Inferior Petrosal Sinus AVP in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome. Clin. Endocrinol. 47:199-206.

345. Stratakis C.A., Sarlis N.J., Berrettini W.H., Badner J.A., Chrousos G.P., Gershon E.S., Detera- Wadleigh S.D. (1997) Lack of Linkage Between the Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) Gene and Bipolar Affective Disorder. Mol. Psychiatry 2:483-485.

346. Ghizzoni L., Mastorakos G., Street M.E., Vottero A., Mazzardo G., Vanelli M., Chrousos G.P., Bernasconi S. (1997) Spontaneous Thyrotropin and Cortisol Secretion Interactions in Patients with Nonclassical 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency and Control Children. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:3677-3683.

347. Leung D.Y.M., Hamid Q., Vottero A., Szefler S.J., Surs W., Minshall E., Chrousos G.P., Klemm D.J. (1997) Association of Glucocorticoid Insensitivity with Increased Expression of Glucocorticoid Receptor. J. Exp. Med. 186:1567-1574.

348. Tsigos C., Papanicolaou D.A., Kyrou I., Defensor R., Mitsiadis C.S., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Dose- Dependent Effects of Recombinant Human Interleukin-6 on Glucose Regulation. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:4167-4170.

349. Stratakis C., Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., Oldfield E., Chrousos G.P. (1997) Thyroid Function in Children with Cushing Disease Before and After Transsphenoidal Surgery. J. Peds. 131:905-909.

350. Theoharides T.C., Singh L.K., Boucher W., Pang X., Letourneau R., Webster E., Chrousos G.P. (1998) Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Induces Skin Mast Cell Degranulation and Increased Vascular Permeability, A Possible Explanation for Its Proinflammatory Effects. Endocrinology 139:403-413.

351. Bornstein S.R., Licinio J., Tauchnitz R., Engelmann L., Negrão A.B., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P. (1998) Plasma Leptin Levels Are Increased in Survivors of Acute Stress: Associated Loss of Diurnal Rhythm in Cortisol and Leptin Secretion. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88:280-283.

352. Yanovski J.A., Cutler G.B., Chrousos G.P., Nieman L.K. (1998) The Dexamethasone-Suppressed Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test Differentiates Mild Cushing’s Disease from Normal Physiology. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:348-352.

353. Papanicolaou D.A., Yanovski J.A., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P., Nieman L.K. (1998) A Single Midnight Serum Cortisol Measurement Distinguishes Cushing’s Syndrome from Pseudo-Cushing States. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:1163-1167.

354. Stratakis C.A., Vottero A., Brodie A., Kirschner L.S., DeAtkine D., Lu Q., Yue W., Mitsiades C.S., Flor A.W., Chrousos G.P. (1998) The Aromatase Excess Syndrome is Associated with Feminization of Both Sexes and Autosomal Dominant Transmission of Aberrant P450arom Gene Transcription. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:1348-1357.

355. Bornstein S.R., Webster E.L., Torpy D.J., Richman S.J., Mitsiades N., Igel M., Lewis D.B., Rice K.C., Joost H.G., Tsokos M., Chrousos G.P. (1998) Chronic Effects of a Nonpeptide Corticotropin- Releasing Hormone Type 1-Receptor Antagonist on Pituitary-Adrenal Function, and Body Weight and Metabolic Regulation. Endocrinology 139:1546-1555.

356. Yanovski J.A., Nieman L.K., Doppman J.L., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L., Gold P.W., Kalogeras K.T. (1998) Plasma Levels of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in the Inferior Petrosal Sinuses of Healthy Volunteers, Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome, and Patients with Pseudo-Cushing States. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:1485-1488.

357. Gragerov A., Kino T., Ilyina-Gragerova G., Chrousos G.P., Pavlakis G.N. (1998) HHR23A, the Human Homologue of the Yeast Repair Protein RAD23 Interacts Specifically with Vpr Protein and Prevents Cell Cycle Arrest But Not the Transcriptional Effects of Vpr. Virology 245:323-330.

358. Stratakis C.A., Mastorakos G., Mitsiades N.S., Mitsiades C.S., Chrousos G.P. (1998) Skin Manifestations of Cushing Disease in Children and Adolescents Before and After the Resolution of Hypercortisolemia. Ped. Dermatol. 15:253-258.

359. Willenberg H.S., Stratakis C.A., Marx C., Ehrhart-Bornstein M., Chrousos G.P., Bornstein S.R. (1998) Aberrant Interleukin-1 Receptors in a Cortisol-Secreting Adrenal Adenoma Causing Cushing’s Syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 339:27-31.

360. Vgontzas A.N., Tsigos C., Kales A., Stratakis C.A., Zachman K., Bixler e.O., Velo-Bueno A., Chrousos G.P. (1998) Chronic Insomnia and Activity of the Stress System: A Preliminary Study. J. Psychosomatic Res. 45:21-31.

361. Elenkov I.J., Webster E.L., Papanicolaou D.A., Fleisher T.A., Chrousos G.P., Wilder R.L. (1998) Histamine Potently Suppresses Human Interleukin-12 and Stimulates Interleukin-10 Production via H2 Receptors. J. Immunol. 161:2586-2593.

362. Torpy D.J., Gordon R.D., Lin J-P., Huggard P.R., Taymans S.E., Stowasser M., Chrousos G.P., Stratakis C.A. (1998) Familial Hyperaldosteronism Type-II: Description of a Large Kindred and Exclusion of the Aldosterone Synthase (CYP11B2) Gene. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:3214-3218.

363. Torpy D.J., Tsigos C., Lotsikas A.J., Defensor R., Chrousos G.P., Papanicolaou D.A. (1998) Acute and Delayed Effects of a Single-Dose Injection of Interleukin-6 on Thyroid Function in Healthy Humans. Metabolism 47:1289-1293.

364. Chan E.C., Falconer J., Madsen G., Read M., Chrousos G.P., Webster E.L., Rice K., Smith R.A. (1998) Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Type I Receptor Antagonist Delays Parturition in Sheep. Endocrinology139: 3357-3360.

365. Longui C.A., Vottero A., Harris A.G., Chrousos G.P. (1998) Plasma Cortisol Responses After Intramuscular ACTH 1-24 in Healthy Men. Metabolism 47:1419-1422.

366. Glasow A., Haidan A., Hilbers U., Breidert M., Gillespie J., Scherbaum W.A., Chrousos G.P., Bornstein S.R. (1998) Expression of Ob Receptor in Normal Human Adrenals: Differential Regulation of Adrenocortical and Adrenomedullary Function by Leptin. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:4459-4466.

367. Torpy D.J., Bornstein S.R., Chrousos G.P. (1998) Leptin and Interleukin-6 in Sepsis. Horm. Metab. Res. 30:726-729.

368. Willenberg H.S, Bornstein S.R., Dumser T., Ehrhart-Bornstein M., Barocka A., Chrousos G.P., Scherbaum W.A. (1998) Morphological Changes in Adrenals From Victims of Suicide in Relation to Altered Apoptosis. Endocrine Research, 24:963-967.

369. Deuster P.A., Petrides J.S., Singh A., Lucci E.G., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W. (1998) High Intensity Exercise Promotes Escape of ACTH and Cortisol From Suppression by Dexamethasone: Sexually Dimorphic Responses. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 83:3332-3338.

370. Kino T., Gragerov A., Kopp J.B., Stauber R.H., Pavlakis G.N., Chrousos, G.P. (1999) The HIV-1 Virion-associated Protein Vpr is a Coactivator of the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor. J. Exp. Med. 89:51-61.

371. Deak T., Nguyen K.T., Ehrlich A.L., Watkins L.R., Spencer R.L., Maier S.F., Licinio J., Wong M-L, Chrousos G.P., Webster E., Gold P.W. (1999) The Impact of the Nonpeptide CRH Antagonist Antalarmin on Behavioral and Endocrine Responses to Stress. Endocrinology. 140:79-86.

372. Heino M., Scott H.S., Chen Q., Peterson P., Maenpaa U., Papasavvas M.P., Mittaz L., Barras C., Rossier C., Chrousos, G. P., Stratakis, C.A., Nagamine K., Kudoh J., Shimizu N., Maclaren N., Antonarakis S.E., and Krohn K. (1999) Mutation Analyses of North American APS-1 Patients. Human Mutation 13: 69-74.

373. Shahidi H., Vottero A., Stratakis, C.A., Taymans, S.E., Karl M., Longui, C.A., Chrousos, G.P.. Daughaday. W.H., Gregory, S.A., Plate, J.M.D. (1999) Imbalanced expression of the glucocorticoid receptor isoforms in cultured lymphocytes from a patient with systemic glucocorticoid resistance and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 254:559-565.

374. Vottero A, Stratakis CA, Ghizzoni L, Longui CA, Karl M., Chrousos G.P. (1999) Androgen receptor- mediated Hypersensitivity to Androgens in Women with Nonhyperandrogenic Hirsutism: Skewing of X-chromosome Inactivation. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84:1091-1095.

375. Tataranni P.A., Cizza G., Snitker S., Gucciardo F., Lotsikas A., Chrousos G.P., Ravussin E., (1999) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis and Sympathetic Nervous System Activities in Pima Indians and Caucasians. Metabolism. 48:395-399.

376. Torpy, D. J., Chen, C., Mullen, N., Doppman, J. L., Carrasquillo, J., Chrousos G.P., Nieman, L. K. (1999) Lack of Utility of 111In-Pentetreotide Scintigraphy in Localizing Ectopic ACTH Producing Tumors: Follow-up of 18 Patients., J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84:1186-1192.

377. Singh A., Papanicolaou D.A., Lawrence L.L., Howell E.A., Chrousos G.P., Deuster P.A. (1999) Neuroendocrine Responses to Exhaustive Running in Women. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 31:536-542.

378. Torpy D.J., Webster E.L., Zachman E.K., Aguilera G., Chrousos G.P. (1999) Urocortin and Inflammation: Confounding Effects of Hypotension on Measures of Inflammation. Neuroimmunomodulation 6:182-186.

379. Susman E.J., Schmeelk K.H., Worrall B.K., Granger D.A., Ponirakis A., Chrousos G.P. (1999) Corticotropin Releasing Hormone and Cortisol: Longitudinal Associations with Depression and Antisocial Behavior in Pregnant Adolescents. J. Amer. Acad. Chid and Adol. Psychiatry 38:460-467.

380. Bottner A., Eisenhofer G., Torpy D.J., Ehrhart-Bornstein M., Keiser H.R., Chrousos G.P., Bornstein S.R. (1999) Lack of Leptin Suppression in Response to Hypersecretion of Catecholamines in Pheochromocytoma Patients. (Preliminary Report) Metabolism 48:543-545.

381. Hamid Q.A., Wenzel S.E., Hauk P.J., Tsicopoulos A., Wallaert B., Lafitte J-J., Chrousos G.P., Szefler S.J., Leung D.Y.M. (1999) Increased Glucocorticoid Receptor-beta in Airway Cells of Glucocorticoid- insensitive Asthma Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159:1600-1604.

382. Dorn L.D., Nottelmann E., Susman E.J., Inoff-Germain G., Cutler G.B. Jr., Chrousos G.P. (1999) Variability in Hormone Concentrations and Self-reported Menstrual Histories in Young Adolescents: Menarche as an Integral Part of a Developmental Process. J Youth & Adolescence 28:283-303.

383. Yanovski J.A., Miller K.D., Kino T., Friedman T.C., Chrousos G.P., Tsigos C., Falloon J. (1999) Endocrine and Metabolic Evaluation of HIV-infected Patients with Evidence of Protease Inhibitor Associated Lipodystrophy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84:1925-1931.

384. Orban, Z., Remaley, A.T., Sampson, M., Trajanoski, Z., Chrousos G.P. (1999) the Differential Effect of Food Intake and -Adrenergic Stimulation of Adipose-Derived Hormones and Cytokines in Man. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84:2126-2133.

385. Singh, A., Petrides, J. S., Gold, P. W., Chrousos G.P., Deuster, P.A. (1999) Differential Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Reactivity to Psychological and Physical Stress, J. Clin. Endocrinol. 84:1944-1948.

386. Schmeelk, K. H., Granger, D. A., Susman, E. J., Chrousos G.P. (1999) Maternal Depression and Risk for Postpartum Complications in Adolescents: Role of Prenatal Corticotrophin-releasing Hormone and Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist., Behaviorial Medicine, 25:88-94.

387. Arai, K., Zachman, K., Shibasaki, T., Chrousos G.P. (1999) Polymorphisms of Amiloride Sensitive Sodium Channel Subunits in Five Sporadic Cases of Pseudohypoaldosteronism: Do They Have Pathologic Potential? J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 84:2434-2437.

388. Franchimont, D., Louis, E., Dupont, P., Vrindts-Gevaert, Y., Dewe, W., Chrousos G.P., Geenen, V., Belaiche, J. (1999) Decreased Corticosensitivity in Quiescent Crohn’s Disease An Ex Vivo Study Using Whole Blood Cell Cultures, Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 44:1208-1215.

389. Wong, M., Webster, E. L., Spokes, H. Phu, P., Ehrhart-Bornstein, M., Bornstein, S., Park, C., Rice, K. C., Chrousos G.P., Licinio, J., Gold, P. W. (1999) Chronic Administration of the Non-Peptide CRH Type 1 Receptor Antagonist Antalarmin Does Not Blunt Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Responses to Acute Immobilization Stress, Life Sciences, 65:53-58.

390. Franchimont, D. Martens, H. Habelstein, M., Louis, E., Dewe, W., Chrousos G.P., Belaiche, J., Geenen, V. (1999) Tumor Necrosis Factor Decreases, and Interleukin-10 Increases, the Sensitivity of Human Monocytes to Dexamethasone: Potential Regulation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor, J. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 84:2834-2839.

391. Vgontzas, A. N., Papanicolaou, D. A., Bixler, E. O., Lotsikas, A., Zachman, K., Kales, A., Prolo, P., Wong, M., Licinio, J., Gold, P. W., Hermida, R. C., Mastorakos, G., Chrousos G.P., (1999) Circadian Interleukin-6 Secretion and Quality and Depth of Sleep, J. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 84:2603-2607.

392. Vgontzas, A. N., Mastorakos, G., Bixler, E. O., Kales, A., Gold, P. W., Chrousos G.P., (1999) Sleep Deprivation Effects on the Activity of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal and Growth Axes: Potential Clinical Implications, Clinical Endocrinol. (Oxf.), 51:205-215.

393. Macrigiannakis, A., Margioris, A., Chrousos G.P., Stounaras, C., Gravanis, A., (1999) The Decidualizing Effect of Progesterone May Involve Direct Transcriptional Activation of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) from Human Endometrial Stroma Cells, Molecular Human Reproduction, 5:789-796.

394. Kino T., Nordeen S.K., Chrousos G.P. (1999) Conditional Modulation of Glucocorticoid Receptor Activities by CREB-binding Protein (CBP) and p300. J. Steroid Biochem. Molec. Biol., 70:15-25.

395. Stratakis, C. A., Sarlis, N., Kirschner, L. S., Carney, J. A., Doppman, J. L., Nieman, L. K., Chrousos G.P., Papanicolaou, D. A., (1999) Paradoxic Response to Dexamethasone in the Diagnosis of Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease, Ann. Intern. Med., 131:585-591.

396. Wolkersdorfer, G.W., Lohmann, T. Schroder, S., Marx, C., Pfeiffer, R., Stahl, H-D., Chrousos G.P., Bornstein, S.R., (1999) Lymphocytes Stimulate Dehydroepiandrosterone Production Through Direct Cellular Contact with Adrenal Zona Reticularis Cells: A Novel Mechanism of Immune-Endocrine Interaction, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 84:4220-4227.

397. Koch, C. A., Azumi, N., Furlong, M. A., Jha, R. C., Kehoe, T. E., Trowbridge, C. H., O’Dorisio, T. M., Chrousos G.P., (1999) Clement, S. C., CLINICAL CASE SEMINAR: Carcinoid Syndrome Caused by an Atypical Carcinoid of the Uterine Cervix, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 84:4208-4213.

398. Torpy, D. J., Webster, E. L., Zachman, E. K., Aguilera, G., Chrousos G.P., (1999) Urocortin and Inflammation: Confounding Effects of Hypotension on Measures of Inflammation, Neuroimmunomodulation, 6:182-186.

399. Tsigos C., Papanicolaou D., Kyrou I., and Chrousos G. P. (1999) Dose Effects of Recombinant Human Interleukin-6 on the Pituitary-testicular Axis. J. Interferon and Cytokine Res. 19:1271-6

400. Link, A. A., Kino, T. , Worth, J. A., McGuire, J. L., Crane, M. L., Chrousos G.P., Wilder, R. L., Elenkov, I. J., (2000) Ligand-Activation of the Adenosine A2a Receptors Inhibits IL-12 Production by Human Monocytes, J. Immunology, 164:436-442.

401. Orban, Z., Mitsiades, N., Burke, Jr., T. R., Tsokos, M., Chrousos G.P., (2000) Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Induces Leukocyte Apoptosis, Modulates Nuclear Factor-Kappa B and Suppresses Acute Inflammation, Neuroimmunomodulation, 7:99-105.

402. Wong, M-L., Kling, M. A., Munson, P. J., Listwak, S., Licinio, J., Prolo, P., Karp, B., McCutcheon, I. E., Geracioti, Jr. T. D., DeBellis, M. D., Rice, K. C., Goldstein, D. S., Veldhuis, J. D., Chrousos G.P., Oldfield, E. H., McCann, S. M., Gold, P. W. (2000), Pronounced and Sustained Central Hypernoradrenergic Function in Major Depression with Melancholic Features: Relation to Hypercortisolism and Corticotropin Releasing Hormone, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA, 97:325-330.

403. Franchimont D., Galon J., Gadina M., Visconti R., Zhou Y., Aringer M., Frucht DM., Chrousos G.P., O’Shea JJ., (2000) Inhibition of Th1 Immune Response by Glucocorticoids: Dexamethasone Selectively Inhibits IL-12-induced Stat-4 Phosphorylation in T Lymphocytes, J. Immunol, Feb 15; 164(4):1768-74.

404. Kanik S., Chrousos G.P., Schumacher H. R, Crane M L., Yarboro C H., Wilder R L., (2000), ACTH, Glucocorticoid and Androgen Secretion in Patients with New Onset Synovitis/Rheumatoid Arthritis: Relations with Indices of Inflammation, J. Clinical Endocrinol. Metab. 85: 1461-1466

405. Vgontzas, A.N., Papanicolaou, D. A., Bixler, E. O., Hopper, K., Lotsikas, A., Kales, A., Chrousos G.P. (2000), Sleep Apnea and Daytime Sleepiness and Fatigue: Relations With Visceral Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Hypercytokinemia, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 85:1151-1158.

406. Pathomvanich, A., Merke, D.P., Chrousos G.P., (2000) Early Puberty: A Cautionary Tale (Commentary); Pediatrics, 105:115-116.

407. Torpy D.J., Papanicolaou D.A., Lotsikas A. J., Wilder R.L., Chrousos, G.P., Pillemer S.R., (2000) Responses of the Sympathetic Nervous System and the Hypothalamic-Putuitary-Adrenal Axis to Interleukin-6 in fibromyalgia, Arthritis & Rheumatism ; 43 (4): 872-880.

408. Deuster P.A., Petrides J.S., Singh A., Chrousos G.P., Poth M.L., (2000) Endocrine Response to High-Intensity Exercise: Dose-Dependent Effects of Dexamethasone, J. of Clinical Endocrinology and Metab., 85:1066-1073.

409. Hsin L-W, Webster E.L., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Eckelman W.C., Contoreggi C., Rice K.C., (2000) Synthesis and Biological Activity of Fluoro-Substituted Pyrrolo [2,3-d]pyrimidines: the Development of Potential Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Agents for Corticotropin- Releasing Hormone type 1 Receptor, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 10:707-710.

410. Kanik K.S., Chrousos G.P., Schumacher H.R., Crane M.L., Yarboro C.H., Wilder R.L., (2000) Adrenocorticotrophin, Glucocorticoid, and Androgen Secretion in Patients with New Onset Synovitis/Rheumatoid Arthritis: Relations with Indices of Inflammation, J. of Clinical Endocrinology and Metab., 85:1461-1466.

411. Bornstein, S.R., Asab, M. A., Glasow, A., Path, G., Hauner, H., Tsokos, M., Chrousos G.P., Scherbaum, W. A., (2000) Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Localization of Leptin and Leptin Receptor in Human White Adipose Tissue and Differentiating Human Adipose Cells in Primary Culture, Diabetes, 49:532-538.

412. Willenberg, H.S., Bornstein, S.R., Hiroi, N., Path, G., Goretzki, P.E., Scherbaum, W.A., Chrousos G.P., (2000) Effects of a Novel Corticotropin-Releasing -Hormone Receptor Type I Antagonist on Human Adrenal Function, Molec. Psychiatry., 5:137-141.

413. Habib K.E., Weld K.P., Rice K.C., Pushkas J., Champoux M., Listwak S., Webster E.L., Atkinson A.,Schulkin J., Contoreggi C., Chrousos G.P., McCann S.M., Suomi S.J., Higley J.D., Gold P.W (2000) Oral Administration of a CRH Receptor Antagonist Significantly Attenuates Behavioral, Neuroendocrine, and Autonomic Responses to Stress in Primates, Proc. Ntl. Acad. Sci. USA., 10:1073-1079.

414. Berga, S.L., Loucks-Daniels, T.L., Adler, L.J., Chrousos, G.P., Cameron, J.L., Matthews, K.A., Marcus, M.D. (2000) Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Women with Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 182:776-784.

415. Hsin L-W, Webster E.L., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Eckelman W.C., Contoreggi C., Rice K.C., (2000) Synthesis of [3H] LWH-154: a Potent Radioligand for Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Type 1 Receptor, J. Labeled Compounds and Pharmaceuticals, 43:899-908.

416. Bornstein, S.R., Wolkersdorfer, G.W., Preas, H.L., Chrousos G.P., Suffredini, A.F., (2000) Brief Report: Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Levels During Acute Experimental Endotoxemia and Antiinflammatory Therapy in Humans, Critical Care Med, 28(6):2103-2106.

417. Nawab, S.S., Miller, C.S., Dale, J.K., Greenberg, B.D., Friedman, T.C., Chrousos, G.P., Straus, S.E.,Rosenthal, N.E. (2000) Self-reported sensitivity to chemical exposures in five clinical populations and healthy controls. Psychiatry Research 95:67-74.

418. Doppman, J.L., Chrousos, G.P., Papanicolaou, D.A., Stratakis, C.A., Alexander, H.R., Nieman, L.K. (2000) Adrenocorticotropin-independent Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia: An Uncommon Cause of Primary Adrenal Hypercortisolism. Radiology, 216(3):797-802.

419. Bottner, A., Haidan, A., Eisenhofer, G., Kristensen, K., Castle, A.L., Scherbaum, W.A., Schneider, H., Chrousos, G.P., Bornstein, S.R. (2000) Increased Body Fat mass and Suppression of Circulating Leptin Levels in Response to Hypersecretion of Epinephrine in Phenylethanolamine-N-Methyltransferase (PNMT)-Overexpressing Mice. Endocrinology, 141(11):4239-4246.

420. Merke, D.P., Chrousos, G.P., Eisenhofer, G., Weise, M., Keil, M.F., Rogol, A.D., Van Wyk, J.J., Bornstein, S.R. (2000) Adrenomedullary Dysplasia and Hypofunction in Patients with Classic 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency. N Engl J Med. 343(19):1362-1368.

421. Huang, S.C., Koch, C.A., Vortmeyer, A.O., Pack, S.D., Lichtenauer, U.D., Mannan, P., Lubensky, I.A., Chrousos, G.P., Gagel, R.F., Pacak, K., Zhuang, Z. (2000) Duplication of the Mutant RET Allele in Trisomy 10 or Loss of the Wild-Type Allele in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2-associated Pheochromocytomas. Cancer Research. 60:6223-6226.

422. Franchimont, E., Bouma, G., Galon, J., Wolkersdorfer, G.W., Haidan, A., Chrousos, G.P, Bornstein, S.R.(2000) Adrenal Cortical Activation in Murine Colitis. Gastroenterology, 119:1560-1568.

423. Bornstein, S.R., Tian, H, Haidan, A., Bottner, A., Hiroi, N., Eisenhofer, G., McCann, S.M., Chrousos,.P., Roffler-Tarlov, S. (2000) Deletion of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Reveals Functional Interdependence of Adrenocortical and Chromaffin Cell System in Vivo., PNAS, 97:14742-14747.

424. Longui, C.A., Vottero, A., Adamson, P.C., Cole, D.E., Kino, T., Monte, O., Chrousos, G.P. (2000) Low Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha/beta Ratio in T-cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Horm. Metab. Res., 32:401-406.

425. Garcia-Borreguero, D., Wehr, T.A., Larrosa, O., Granizo, J.J., Hardwick, D., Chrousos, G.P., and Friedman, T.C (2000) Glucocorticoid Replacement is Permissive for Rapid Eye Movement Sleep and Sleep Consolidation in Patients with Adrenal Insufficiency. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85:4201-4206.

426. Hope, P.J., Tumbull, H., Farr, S., Morley, J.E., Rice, K.C., Chrousos, G.P., Torpy, D.J., Wittert, G.H. (2000) Peripheral Administration of CRF and Urocortin: Effects on Food Intake and the HPA axis in the Marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata. Peptides, 21:669-677.

427. Mitsiades, N., Poulaki, V., Tseleni-Balafouta, S., Chrousos, G.P., Koutras, D.A. (2000) Fas Ligand Expression in Thyroid Follicular Cells from Patients with Thionamide-treated Graves’ Disease. Thyroid, 10:527-532.

428. Hauk PJ, Hamid QA, Chrousos GP, Leung DY (2000) Induction of Corticosteroid Insensitivity by Microbial Superantigens. J All Clin Immunol 105: 782-787

429. Merke, D.P., Cho, D., Calis, K.A., Keil, M.F., Chrousos, G.P. (2001) Hydrocortisone Suspension and Hydrocortisone Tablets Are not Bioequivalent in the Treatment of Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 86: 441-445.

430. Tian X., Hsin L-W., Webster E. L., Contoreggi C., Chrousos G P., Gold P. W., Habib K., Ayala A., Eckelman W.C., Jacobson, A.E. Rice K.C.(2001) The Development of a Potential Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Imaging Agent for the Corticotropin-releasing Hormone Receptor Type 1. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 11: 331-333

431. Vgontzas, A.N., Bixler, E.O, Wittman, A.M., Zachman, K., Lin, H.M., Vela-Bueno, A., Kales, A., Chrousos, G.P. (2001) Middle-Aged Men Show Higher Sensitivity of Their Sleep to the Arousing Effects of Corticotropin-releasing Hormone than Younger Men: Clinical Implications., J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86: 1489-95

432. Vgontzas, A.N., Legro, R.S., Bixler, E.O., Grayev, A., Kales, A., Chrousos, G.P. (2001) Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is Associated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Daytime Sleepiness: Role of Insulin Resistance.J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.86: 517-520.

433. Strickland I., Kisich K., Hauk P.J., Vottero A., Chrousos G.P., Klemm D.J., Leung D.Y.M. (2001) High Constitutive Glucocorticoid Receptor Beta in Human Neutrophils Enables Them to Reduce Their Spontaneous Rate of Cell Death in Response to Corticosteroids. J. Exp. Med.193: 585-593

434. Path, G., , S.R., Gurniak, M., Chrousos, G.P., Scherbaum, W.A., Hauner, H. (2001) Human Breast Adipocytes Express Interleukin (IL)-6 and its Receptor System: Increased IL-6 Production by beta-Adrenergic Activation and Effects of IL-6 on Adipocyte Function. J Clin Endocrinol. Metab.86: 2281-2288

435. Erickson K., Thorsen P., Chrousos G., Grigoriadis D.E., Khongsaly O., McGregor J., Schulkin J. (2001) Preterm Birth: Associated Neuroendocrine, Medical, and Behavioral Risk Factors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.86: 2544-2552

436. Hiroi, N., Chrousos, G.P., Abu-Asab, M., Bonat, S., Lafferty, A., White, A., Bornstein, S.R. (2001) Adrenocortical-Pituitary Hybrid Tumor Causing Cushing’s Syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.86: 2631-2637

437. Cizza, G., Dorn, L.D., Lotsikas, A., Sereika, S., Rotenstein, D., Chrousos, G.P. (2001) Circulating Plasma Leptin and IGF-1 Levels in Girls with Premature Adrenarche: Potential Implications of a Preliminary Study. Hormone and Metabolic Research 33:148-143

438. Kraft M., Hamid O., Chrousos G., Martin R.J., Leung D. (2001) Decreased Steroid Responsiveness at Night: Is the Macrophage Responsible? Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 163: 1219-1225

439. Poulaki, V., Mitsiades, N., Mastorakos, G., Caspi, R.R., Chrousos, G.P., and Bouzas, E. (2001) Fas/Fas ligand-associated Apoptosis in Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis in Rodents: Role of Proinflammatory Corticotropin-releasing Hormone. Exp. Eye Res.72:623-629

440. Schneider, R., Bornstein, S.R., Chrousos, G.P., Boxberger, S., Ehniger, G., Breidert, M. (2001) Leptin mediates a proliferative response in human gastric mucosa cells with functional receptor. Horm Metab Res. 33(1):1-6.

441. Bernardini, R., Johnson, E.O., Kamilaris, T., Chiarenza, A., Cantarella, G., Calogero, A.E., Lempereur , L., Chrousos, G.P., Giuffrida, R., Gold, P.W. (2001) Increased ACTH and cortisol secretion after interleukin-alpha injection in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus jacchus). Life Sci. 68(14):1657- 65.

442. Baker, D. G., Ekhator, N. N., Kasckow, J. W., Hill, K. K., Zoumakis, E., Dashevsky, B. A., Chrousos, G. P., and Geracioti, T. D.(2001) Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6 concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder. Neuroimmunomodulation. 9(4), 209-217.

443. Kuperman H., Damiani D., Chrousos G.P., Dichtchenian V., Chrousos G.P., Della Manna T., Filho V. O., Setian N. (2001) Evaluation of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis in Children with Leukemia before and after 7 Weeks of High Dose Glucocorticoid Therapy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86: 2993-2996

444. Kraft M. Hamid Q. Chrousos G.P., Martin RJ, Leung DY. (2001) Decreased steroid responsiveness at night in nocturnal asthma. Is the macrophage responsible? Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 163: 1219-25.

445. Ghizzoni L. Barreca A, Mastorakos G. Furlini M., Vottero A. Ferrari B., Chrousos GP, Bernasconi S. (2001) Leptin inhibits steroid biosynthesis by human granulosa-lutein cells. Horm Metab Res. 33 : 323-8.

446. Vgontzas A., Bixler E.O., Lin H.-M., Prolo P., Mastorakos G., Vela-Bueno A., Kales A., Chrousos G.P.(2001) Chronic Insomnia is Associated with Nyctohemeral Activation of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.86: 3787-3794

447. Hiroi N., Wong M.L., Licinio J., Park C., Gold P.W., Chrousos G.P., Bornstein S.R. (2001) Expression of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Receptors Type 1 and Type 2 mRNA in Suicide Victims and Controls. Mol. Psychiatry 6: 540-546

448. Kohno M., Kawahito Y., Tsubouchi Y., Hashiramoto A., Yamada R., Inoue K., Kusaka Y., Kubo T., Elenkov I. J, Chrousos G.P., Kondo M., and Sano H. (2001) Urocortin Expression in Synovium of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis: Relation to Inflammatory Activity. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.86:4344-4352

449. Makrigiannakis A., Zoumakis E., Kalantaridou S., Coutifaris C., Coukos, G., Rice K., Gravanis, A. and Chrousos G. P. (2001) Corticotropin-releasing Hormone (CRH) Promotes Blastocyst Implantation and Early Maternal Tolerance. Nature Immunology 2:1018-24

450. Abad V., Chrousos G.P., Reynolds J., Nieman L., Hill S., Weinstein R., Leong G.(2001) Glucocorticoid Excess during Adolescence Leads to a Major, Persistent Deficit in Bone Mass and Increase in Central Body Fat. J. Bone and Min. Research. 16; 1879-85

451. Elenkov I. J., Wilder R. L., Bakalov V. K., Link A.A., Dimitrov M., Fisher S., Crane M., Kanik K., Chrousos G. P. (2001) Interleukin 12, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Hormonal Changes during Late Pregnancy and Early Postpartum: Implications for Autoimmune Disease Activity during These Times. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86: 4933-8

452. Kino T., Stauber R.H., Resau J. H., Pavlakis, G., Chrousos G. P. (2001) Pathologic Human Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Mutant Has a Transdominant Negative Effect on the Wild Type GR by Inhibiting Its Translocation into the Nucleus: Importance of the Ligand-binding Domain for Intracellular GR Trafficking. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86: 5600-8

453. Koch, C.A., Vortmeyer, A.O., Huang, S.C., Moley, J.F., Azumi, N., Chrousos, G.P., Gagel, R.F., Zhuang, S., Pacak, K. (2001) Allelic imbalance of the mutant and wild-type RET allele in MEN 2A-associated medullary thyroid carcinoma. Oncogene 20:7809-11

454. Maurer M, Trajanoski Z, Hiroi N, Frey G, Galom J, Willenberg HS Gold PW, Chrousos GP, Scherbaum WA, Bornstein SR (2001) Differential gene expression profile of glucocorticoids, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in human cells. Hormone Metab. Res. 33:691-695

455. Galon J., Franchimont D., Hiroi N., Boettner A., Ehrhart-Bornstein M., Chrousos G.P., Bornstein S.(2002) Gene Profiling Reveals Unknown Enhancing and Suppressive Actions of Glucocorticoids on Immune Cells. FASEB J.16: 61-71

456. Kino T., Slobodskaya O., Pavlakis, N. and Chrousos G. P. (2002) Nuclear Receptor Coactivator p160 Proteins Enhance the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat Promoter by Bridging Promoter Bound Factors and the Tat/pTEFb Complex. J. Biol. Chem., on-line release 11/01/01 277(4):2396-405.

457. Hsin L-W., Tian X., Webster E.L., Coop A., Caldwell T. C., Jacobson A.E., Chrousos G.P., Gold P.W., Habib, K.H., Ayala A., Eckelman W.C., Contoreggi C., Rice. K. (2002) CRHR1 Receptor Binding and Lipophilicity of Pyrrolopyrimidines, Potential Nonpeptide Corticotropin-releasing Hormone Type 1 Receptor Antagonists. Biorg. Med. Chem. 10:175-183

458. Koch CA, Huang SC, Zhuang Z, Stolle C., Azumi N, Chrousos GP, Vortmeyer AO, Pacak K (2002) Somatic VHL Gene Deletion and Point Mutation in MEN 2A-associated Pheochromocytoma. Oncogene 21:479-482

459. Franchimont, D., Galon, J., Vacchio, M.S., Fan, S., Visconti, R., Frucht, D.M., Geenen, V., Chrousos, G.P., Ashwell, J.D., O’Shea, J.J. (2002) Positive Effects of Glucocorticoids on T Cell Development and Function by Upregulation of Interleukin-7 Receptor J. Immunol,.168: 2212-2218

460. Koch C A, Vorrtmeyer A O, Diallo R, Poremba C, Giordano T J, Sanders D, Bornstein S R, Chrousos G P, and Pacak K. (2002) Survivin: A Novel Neuroendocrine Marker for Pheochromocytoma. Eur. J. Endocrinol 146: 381-388

461. Mendonca B B, Leite M V, deCastro M, Kino T, Elias L L, Bachega T A S, Billerbeck A E Arnhold I A J P, Chrousos G P, Latronico A C (2002) Female Pseudohermaphrodotism Caused by A Novel Homozygous Missence Mutation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene. J. Clin. Endocrinol.. Metab. 87:1805-1809

462. Meduri G. U., Tolley E. A., Chrousos G. P. and Stentz F. (2002) Prolonged Methylprednisolone Treatment Suppresses Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Unresolving ARDS: Evidence for Inadequate Endogenous Glucocorticoid Secretion and Inflammation-induced Immune Cell Resistance to Glucocorticoids. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 165:983-991

463. Sato H., Nagashima Y., Chrousos GP, Ichihashi M., Fusanaka Y. ( 2002) The Expression of Corticotropin-releasing Hormone in Melanoma. Pigment Cell Res. 15:98-103

464. Charmandari E, Weise M, Bornstein S R, Eisenhofer G, Keil M F, Chrousos G, Merke D P. (2002) Children with Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Have Elevated Serum Leptin Concentrations and Insulin Resistance.J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87: 2139-2143

465. Alesci S, Ramsey WJ, Bornstein SR, Chrousos GP, Hornsby PJ, Benvega S, Trimarchi F, Ehrhart- Bornstein M (2002) Adenoviral Vectors Can Impair Adrenocortical Steroidogenesis: Clinical Implications for Natural Infections and Gene Therapy. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99:7484-7489

466. Vottero A., Kino T., Combe H., Lecomte P., and Chrousos G.P. (2002) A Novel, C-terminal Dominant Negative Mutation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Causes Familial Glucocorticoid Resistance through Abnormal Interactions with p160 Steroid Receptor Coactivators. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87: 2658-2667

467. Greiner E., Atkinson A. J., Ayala A., Chrousos G. P., Contoreggi C., Eckelman W. C., Gold P.W., Habib K., Jacobson A.E., Webster E.,L., Rice K.C. (2002) Synthesis of Doubly Labelled 13C Antalarmin Isotopomers for Pharmakokinetic Studies. J. Lab. Cpds and Radiopharmaceuticals 45:637-645

468. Charmandari E, Eisenhofer G, Mehlinger S, Carlson A, Wesley R, Keil M, Chrousos GP, New MI, Merke DP. (2002) Adrenomedullary Function May Predict Phenotype and Genotype in Classic 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 87: 3031-3037

469. Young IR, Chan EC, Smith R, Chrousos GP, Veldhuis JD, Canny BJ (2002) The Effect of Antalarmin, a Novel Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Antagonist on the Dynamic Function of the Preterm Ovine Fetal Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Neuroendocrinology 76:47-54

470. Webster E L, Barrientos R M, Contoreggi C, Isaac M G, Ligier S, Habib K, Chrousos G P, McCarthy E F, Rice K C, Gold PW, Sternberg E M. (2002) Corticotropin-releasing Hormone (CRH) Antagonist Attenuattes Adjuvant-induced Arthritis: Evidence Supporting Major Role for CRH in Peripheral Inflammation. J. Rheumatol. 29: 1252-1261.

471. Gabry K.E., Chrousos G.P., Rice K.C., Mostafa R.M., Sternberg E., Negrao A.B., Webster E.L., McCann S.M., Gold P.W. (2002) Marked suppression of gastric ulcerogenesis and intestinal responses to stress by a novel class of drugs. Molec. Psych. 7:474-483.

472. Vgontzas A N, Zoumakis M, Papanicolaou D A, Bixler E , Prolo P, Lin H-M, Vela-Bueno A, Kales M d, and Chrousos GP. (2002) Chronic Insomnia is Associated with a Shift of IL-6 and TNFa Secretion from Nighttme to Daytime. Metabolism, 29:1252-1261

473. Koch CA, Mauro D, Walther MM, Linehan,WM, Vortmeyer AO, Jaffe R, Pacak K, Chrousos GP, Zhuang Z, Lubensky IA (2002) Pheochromocytoma in VHL Disease: Distinct Histopathologic Phenotype Compared to Pheochromocytoma in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2. Endocrine Pathology 13:17-27

474. Mansky P. J., Liewehr D. J., Steinberg S. M., Chrousos G. P., Avila N. A., Long L., Bernstein D., Mackall C. L., Hawkins D. S., and Helman L. J. (2002) Treatment of Metastatic Osteosarcoma with the Somatostatin Analog OncoLar: Significant Reduction of IGF-1 Serum Levels. J. Ped. Hematol. Oncol. 24:440-446

475. Pacak K, Tjurmina O, Palkovits M, Goldstein DS, Koch CA, Hoff T., Chrousos GP (2002) Chronic Hypercortisolemia Inhibits Dopaminergic Activity in the Nucleus Accumbens but not the Prefrontal Cortex: An in Vivo Microdialysis Study. Neuroendocrinology 76:148-157

476. Kino T, Gragerov A, Slobodskaya O, Tsopanomihalu-Nglotsou M, Chrousos GP, and Pavlakis G (2002) Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Accessory Protein Vpr Induces Transcription of the HIV-1 and Glucocorticoid-responsive Promoters by Binding Directly to p300/CBP Coactivators. J. Virol. 76:9724-9734

477. Kino T. Tsukamoto M., and Chrousos GP (2002) Transcription Factor TFIIH Components Enhance the GR Coactivator Activity but Not the Cell Cycle –arresting Activity of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Protein Vpr. Bioch. Biophys. Res. Commun. 298: 17-23

478. Mirani M, Elenkov I, Volpi S, Hiroi N, Chrousos GP, and Kino T (2002) Human Immunodeficiency Type-1 (HIV-1) Protein Vpr Suppresses Interleukin-12 Production from Human Monocytes by Enhancing Glucocorticoid Action: Potential Implications of Vpr Coactivator Activity for the Innate and Cellular Immunity Deficits Observed in HIV-1 Infection. J Immunol 169:6361-6368

479. Skalkidou A, Petridou E, Papathoma E, Salvanos H, Chrousos GP, Trichopoulos D (2002) Birth Size and Neonatal Levels of Major Components of the IGF System: Implication for Later Risk of Cancer. J Ped Endocrinol Metab. 15: 1479-1486

480. Bader T, Zoumakis E, Friedberg M, Hiroi N, Chrousos GP, Hochberg Z (2002) Human Adipose Tissue under in Vitro Inhibition of 11beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1: Differentiation and Metabolism Changes. Horm Metab Res 34: 752-757

481. Wolkersdorfer GW, Bornstein SR, Higginbotham JN, Hiroi N, Vaquero JJ, Green MV, Blaese RM, Aguilera G, Chrousos GP, Bornstein SR (2002) A Novel Approach Using Transcomplementing Adenoviral Vectors for Gene Therapy of Adrenocortical Cancer. Horm Metabol Res 34: 279-287

482. Kino T and Chrousos GP (2003) Tumor Necrosis Factor–alpha- and Fas-associated FLASH Inhibits Transcriptional Acivity of the Glucocorticoid Receptor by Binding to and Interfering with its Interaction with p160 Type Nuclear Receptor Coactivators. J Biol Chem 278: 3023-3029

483. Petridou E, Mantzoros C, Dessypris N, Koukoulomatis P, Addy C, Voulgaris Z, Chrousos G, Trichopoulos D (2003) Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in Relation to Endometrial Cancer: A Case Control Study in Greece. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 983-997

484. Tiosano D, Eisenstadt I, Militianu D, Chrousos GP , Hochberg Z (2003) 11-Beta- Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Activity in Hypothalamic Obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 379-384

485. Friedberg M, Zoumakis E, Hiroi N, Bader T, Chrousos GP, Hochberg Z (2003) Modulation of 11-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in Mature Human Subcutaneous Adipocytes by Hypothalamic Messengers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 385- 393

486. Marini JC, Hopkins E, Glorieux FH, Chrousos GP, Reynolds JC, Gundberg CM, Reing CM (2003) Positive Linear Growth and Bone Responses to Growth Hormone Treatment in Children with Types III and IV Osteogenesis Imperfecta: High Predicitive Value of the Carboxyterminal Propeptide of Type I Procollagen. J Bone Miner Res 18: 237-243

487. Vottero A, Kimci-Sarfaty C, Kratzsch J, Chrousos GP, Hochberg Z. (2003) Transcriptional and Translational Regulation of the Splicing Isoforms of the Growth Hormone Receptor by Glucocorticoids. Horm Metab. Res. 35: 7-12

488. Vottero A, Kimcy-Sarfaty C, Kratzsch J, Miller G, Lafferty A, Chrousos GP, Hochberg Z. (2003) Relative Abudance of Growth Hormone Receptor Isoforms in Rhesus Monkey Tissues and Human Transformed Lymphocytes. Horm. Metab. Res. 35: 1-6

489. Merke DP, Fields JD, Keil MF, Vaituzis C, Chrousos GP, Giedd JN (2003) Children with Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Have Decreased Amygdala Volume: Potential Prenatal and Postnatal Hormonal Effects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab 88: 1760-1765

490. Vgontzas AN, Zoumakis M, Bixler EO, Lin H-M, Prolo P, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A and Chrousos GP (2003) Impaired Nighttime Sleep Is Associated with Elevated Plasma IL-6 and Cortisol Levels in Healthy Old vs. Young Adults: Physiologic and Therapeutic Implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 2087-2095

491. Kino T, Souvatzoglou E, De Martino MU, Tsopanomihalou M, Wan Y. and Chrousos GP (2003) Protein 14-3-3 sigma Interacts with and Favors Cytoplasmic Subcellular Localization of the Glucocorticoid Receptor, Acting as a Negative Regulator of the Glucocorticoid Signaling Pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 252:32-44

492. Alesci S, De Martino M, Mirani M, Benvega S, Trimarchi F, Kino T, and Chrousos GP (2003) L-Carnitine: A Nutritional Modulator of Glucocorticoid Receptor Functions. FASEB J. (Electronic release June 17). 17(11):1553-5

493. Vozarova B, Weyer C, Snitker S, Gautier J-F, Cizza G, Chrousos G, Ravussin E, and Tataranni PA (2003) Effect of Cortisol on Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Pima Indians and Caucasians. J Clin Endocrinol. Metab 88: 3218-26

494. Jagoda, E., Contoreggi, C Lee MJ, Kao CHK , Szajak LP , Listwak, Gold PW, Chrousos GP, Greiner E,. Jacobson AE, Rice KC and Eckelman W (2003) Autoradiographic Visualization of Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Type 1 Receptors with a Nonpeptide Ligand: Synthesis of [ MJL-1-101-2. J Med Chem. 46:3559-3562

495. Hiroi N, Kino T, Bassett M, Rainey WE, Phung M, Abu-Asab M, Fojo T, Briata P, Chrousos GP, Bornstein SR. (2003) Pituitary Homeobox Factor 1, A Novel Transcription Factor in the Adrenal Regulating Steroid 11Beta -hydroxylase. Horm Metab Res. 35: 273-8.

496. Skalkidou A, Petridou E., Papathoma E, Salvanos H, Kedikoglou S., Chrousos G. and Trichopoulos D (2003) Determinants and Consequences of Major Insulin-like Growth Factor Components among Full-term Neonates. Canc Epidemiol Biomark Prev 12:860-865.

497. Contoreggi C, Herning R.I, Na P, Gold PW, Chrousos GP, Negro PJ, Better W, and. Cadet JL (2003) Stress Hormone Responses to Corticotropin–Releasing Hormone (CRH) in Substance Abusers without Severe Co-morbid Psychiatric Disease. Biol Psychiatry 54: 873-878.

498. De Martino M, Bhattachryya N, Alesci S, Fabbri A, Chrousos GP and Kino T (2004)The Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) and the Orphan Nuclear Receptor Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter-Transcription Factor II (COUP-TFII) Interact with and Mutually Affect Each Other’s Transcriptional Activities: Implications for Intermediary Metabolism. Molecular Endocrinol. 18:820-833.

499. Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Kitsiou S, Mavrou A, Stamoyannou L, Kolialexi A, Kekou K, Liakopoulou M, Chrousos G (2004) Tall Stature, Insulin Resistance, and Disturbed Behavior in a Girl with the Triple X Syndrome Harboring 3 SHOX Genes: Offspring of a Father with Mosaic Klinefelter Syndrome but with Two Maternal X Chromosomes. Horm Res 61: 205-210.

500. Weise M, Mehlinger S, Rawson E, Charmandari E, Eisenhoffer G, Yanovski J, Chrousos GP, Merke D. (2004) Patients with Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Have Decreased Epinephrine Reserve and Defective Glucose Elevation in Response to High Intensity Exercise, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89: 591-597.

501. Mantzoros C, Petridou E, Dessypris N, Chavelas H, Dalamaga M, Alexe DM, Papadiamantis Y, Markopoulos C, Spanos E, Chrousos G, Trichopoulos D (2004) Adiponectin and Breast Cancer Risk J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89: 1102-7.

502. Ward AM, Syddall HE, Wood PJ, Chrousos GP, Phillips DI (2004) Fetal Programming of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) Axis: Low Birth Weight and Central HPA Regulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89: 1227-33.

503. Charmandari E, Kino T, Souvatzoglou E, Vottero A, Bhattacharayya N, and Chrousos GP (2004) Natural Glucocorticoid Receptor Mutants Causing Glucocorticoid Resistance: Molecular Genotype, Genetic Transmission and Clinical Phenotype. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.89: 1939-1949.

504. Charmandari E, Merke D, Negro PJ, Keil M, , Martinez PE, Haim A, Gold PW and Chrousos GP (2004) Endocrinologic and Psychologic Evaluation of 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Carriers and Matched Normal Subjects: Evidence for Physical and/or Psychologic Vulnerability to Stress , J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:2228-2236.

505. Vgontzas A, Zoumakis E, Bixler EO, Lin H-M, Follett H, Kales A and Chrousos GP (2004) Adverse Effects of Modest Sleep Restriction on Sleepiness, Performance, and Inflammatory Cytokines. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89: 2119-2126.

506. Yuhas Y, Weizman A, Chrousos GP, Ovadia H, Ashkenazi S. (2004) Involvement of the Neuropeptide Corticotropin-releasing Hormone in an Animal Model of Shigella-related Seizures. J Neuroimmunol. 153: 36-39.

507. Weise M, Drinkard B Mehlinger SL, Eisenhofer G, Chrousos GP and Merke DP (2004) Stress Dose of Hydrocortisone is not Beneficial in Patients with Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Undergoing Short-term High-intensity Exercise. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89: 3679-3684.

508. Kalantaridou SN, Naka KK, Papanikolaou E, Kazakos N, Kravariti M, Calis KA, Paraskevaidis EA, Sideris DA, Tsatsoulis A, Chrousos GP, and Michalis LK (2004) Impaired Endothelial Function in Young Women with Premature Ovarian Failure: Normalization with Hormone Therapy .J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89: 3907-3913.

509. Schulpis KH, Papassotiriou I, Vounatsou M, Karikas GA, Tsakiris S, Chrousos GP. (2004) Morning Preprandial Plasma Ghrelin and Catecholamine Concentrations in Patients with Phenylketonuria and Normal Controls: Evidence for Catecholamine-mediated Ghrelin Regulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:3983-7.

510. Vgontzas AN, Zoumakis E, Lin H-M, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP (2004) Marked Decrease of Sleepiness in Patients with Sleep Apnea by Etanercept, a TNF alphaAntagonist. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89: 4409-13.

511. Charmandari E, Chrousos GP, Ichijo T, Bhattacharyya N, Vottero A, Souvatzoglou E, Kino T.Related Articles, Links (2005) The Human Glucocorticoid Receptor (hGR) {beta} Isoform Suppresses the Transcriptional Activity of hGR{alpha} by Interfering with Formation of Active Coactivator Complexes. Mol Endocrinol. 19: 52-64.

512. Glass JM, Lyden AK, Petzke F, Stein P, Whalen G, Ambrose K, Chrousos G, Clauw DJ. (2004) The effect of brief exercise cessation on pain, fatigue, and mood symptom development in healthy, fit individuals. J Psychosom Res. 57: 391-398.

513. Ayala AR, Pushkas J, Higley JD, Ronsaville D, Gold PW, Chrousos GP, Pacak K, Calis KA, Gerald M, Lindell S, Rice KC, Cizza C (2004) Behavioral, Adrenal and Sympathetic Responses to Long Term Administration of an Oral Corticotropin-releasing Hormone Receptor Antagonist in a Primate Stress Paradigm. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89: 5729-5737.

514. Tiulpakov A, Rubtsov P, Dedov I, Peterkova V, Bezlepkina O, Chrousos GP, Hochberg Z J (2005) A Novel C-terminal Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) Mutation Results in Impaired GHR-Stat5 but Normal Stat3 Signaling. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 542-547.

515. Bloch M, Rubinow D, Schmidt PJ, Lotsikas A, Chrousos GP, Cizza G (2005) Cortisol Response to oCRH in a Model of Pregnancy and Parturition in Euthymic Women with and without a History of Postpartum Depression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 695-699.

516. Mantzoros C, Petridou E, Alexe DE, Skalkidou A, Dessypris N, Papathoma E, Salvanos H, Shetty E, Gavrila A, Kedikoglou S, Chrousos G, Trichopoulos, D (2004) Serum Adiponectin Concentrations in Relation to Maternal and Perinatal Characteristics in Newborns. Eur J Endocrinol 151:741-746.

517. Kino T, Ichijo T, Chrousos G (2004) FLASH Interacts with p160 Coactivator Subtypes and Differentially Suppresses Transcriptional Activity of Steroid Hormone Receptors. J Steroid Biochem and Molec Biol. 92: 357-363.

518. Kino T, Ichijo T, Charmandari E, De Martino M, Outas T and Chrousos GP (2005) The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) Accessory Protein Vpr Inhibits the Effect of Insulin on the Foxo Subfamily of the Forkhead Transcription Factors by Interfering with its Binding to 14-3-3 Proteins: Potential Clinical Implications Regarding the Insulin Resistance of HIV-1-infected Patients. Diabetes 2005 Jan; 54(1): 23-31.

519. Lycopoulou L, Mamoulakis C, Hantzi E, Demetriadis D, Antypas S, Giannaki M, Bakoula C, Chrousos G, Papassotiriou I. (2005) Serum Amyloid A Protein Levels as a Possible Aid in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Children. Clin Chem Lab Med. 43(1): 49-53.

520. Cizza G, Romagni P, Lotsikas A, Lam G, Rosenthal NE, Chrousos GP. (2005) Plasma leptin in men and women with seasonal affective disorder and in healthy matched controls. Horm Metab Res 37(1): 45-48.

521. Alesci S, Martinez P,Kelkar S, Ilias I, Ronsaville DS, Listwak SJ,.Ayala AR, Licinio J, Gold H, Kling MA, Chrousos GP, and Gold PW(2005) Major Depression Is Associated with Significant Diurnal elevations In Plasma IL-6 Levels, A Shift of Its Circadian Rhythm, and loss of physiologic complexity in its secretion: Clinical Implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:2522-2530.

522. Kino T, Gragerov A, Valentin A, Tsopanomihalou M, Ilyina-Gragerova G, Cohen-Erwin R, Chrousos GP and Pavlakis GN (2005) Vpr Protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Binds to 14-3-3 Proteins and Facilitates Complex Formation with Cdc25C: Implications for Cell Cycle Arrest. J Virol 79:2780-2787.

523. Petridou E, Mantzoros CS, Belechri M, Skalkidou A, Dessypris N, Papathoma E, Salvanos H, Lee JH, Kedikoglou S, Chrousos G, Trichopoulos D (2005). Neonatal leptin levels are strongly associated with female gender, birth length, IGF-I levels and formula feeding. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf).62(3):366-71.

524. Merke DP, Giedd JN, Keil MF, Mehlinger SL, Wiggs E, Holzer S, Rawson E, Vaituzis AC, Stratakis CA, Chrousos GP. (2005) Children Experience Cognitive Decline Despite Reversal of Brain Atrophy One Year Following Resolution of Cushing Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 90:2531-2536.

525. Fruchter O, Kino T, Zoumakis E, Alesci S, De Martino, M, Chrousos G, Hochberg, Z.(2005) The Human Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Isoform ( Differentially Suppresses GR(-induced Transactivation Stimulated by Synthetic Glucocorticoids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:3505-3509.

526. Charnandari E, Raji A, Kino T, Ichijo T, Tiulpakov A, Zachman K, Chrousos GP (2005) A Novel Point Mutation in the Ligand-Binding Domain (LBD) of the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor (hGR) Causing Generalized Glucocorticoid Resistance: The Importance of C-terminus of hGR LBD in Conferring Transactivational Activity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 3696-3705.

527. Rubinow DR, Roca CA, Schmidt PJ, Danaceau MA, Putnam K, Cizza G, Chrousos G, Nieman L. (2005) Testosterone Suppression of CRH-Stimulated Cortisol in Men. Neuropsychopharmacology 30:1906-1912.

528. Margeli A, Skenderi K, Tsironi M, Hantzi E, Matalas AL, Vrettou C, Kanavakis E, Chrousos G, Papassotiriou I. Dramatic Elevations of Interleukin-6 and Acute Phase Reactants in Athletes Participating in the Ultradistance Foot Race "Spartathlon": Severe Inflammation and Lipid and Lipoprotein Changes in Protracted Exercise. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 90: 3914-3918.

529. Putnam K, Chrousos GP, Nieman LK, Rubinow DR. (2005) Sex-Related Differences in Stimulated HPA Axis During Induced Gonadal Suppression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 90: 4224-4231.

530. Gold PW, Wong M-L, Goldstein D, Gold H, Ronsaville D, Esler M, Alesci S, Masood A, Licinio J, Geraciotti TD, Perini GI, DeBellis MD, Vgontzas AN, Charney DS, Chrousos GP, McCann SM and Kling MA (2005) Cardiac Implications of Increased Arterial Entry and Reversible 24-h Central and Peripheral Norepinephrine Levels in Melancholia. Proc Natl Acad of Sci USA.102: 8303-8308.

531. Deuster PA, Faraday MM, Chrousos GP, Poth MA (2005) Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone and Alprazolam on Hypothalamic-Pituitary Responses to Exercise. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 90:4777-4783.

532. Manoli I, Hanh Le H, Alesci S, McFann KK, Su Y, Kino T, Chrousos GP, and Blackman MR (2005) Monoamine Oxidase-A is a Major Target Gene for Glucocorticoids in Human Skeletal Muscle Cells: Induction of Gene and Oxidative Activity and Relevance to Glucocorticoid- Mediated Myopathy. FASEB J 19: 1359-1361.

533. Million M, Maillot C, Adelson DA, Nozu T, Gauthier A, Rivier J, Chrousos GP, Bayati A. Mattsson H, Tache Y. (2005) Peripheral injection of sauvagine prevents repeated colorectal distension-induced visceral pain in female rats. Peptides 26(7):1188-1195.

534. Kravariti M, Naka KK, Kalantaridou SN, Kazakos N, Katsouras CS, Makrigiannakis A, Paraskevaidis EA, Chrousos GP, Tsatsoulis A, Michalis LK. (2005) Predictors of Endothelial Dysfunction in Young Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 90:5088-95.

535. Johnson EO, Kamilaris TC, Calogero AE, Gold PW, Chrousos GP. (2005) Experimentally-induced hyperthyroidism is associated with activation of the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Eur J Endocrinol. 153:177-185.

536. Nishikawa T, Suematsu S, Saito J, Soyama A, Ito H, Kino T, Chrousos G (2005).Human renal mesangial cells produce aldosterone in response to low-density lipoprotein (LDL).J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 96:309-316.

537. Chrousos GP, Ghaly L, Shedden, A,. Iezzoni D, and Harris AG (2005) Effects of Mometasone Furoate Dry Powder Inhaler and Beclomethasone Dipropionate Hydrofluroalkane and Chlorofluorocarbon on the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in Asthmatic Subjects. Chest 128:70-77.

538. Kino T, Ichijo T, Tiulpakov A Chheng L, Kozasa T and. Chrousos GP (2005) The GTP-binding (G) Protein ( Interacts with the Activated Glucocorticoid Receptor and Suppresses Its Transcriptional Activity in the Nucleus. J Cell Biol 20;169(6):885-96.

539. Kakourou T, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Papadopoulou A, Kaloumenou E, Chrousos GP (2005) Increased prevalence of chronic autoimmune (Hashimoto's) thyroiditis in children and adolescents with vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005 Aug; 53(2):220-3.

540. Kino T, Kozasa T and Chrousos GP (2005) Statin-induced Blockade of Prenylation Alters Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of GTP-binding Proteins (2 and (2 and Enhances their Suppressive Effect on Glucocorticoid Receptor Transcriptional Activity. Eur J Clin Invest 35:508-513.

541. Schulpis KH, Papassotiriou I, Tsakiris S, Vounatsou M, and Chrousos GP (2005) Increased Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in Poorly Controlled Patients with Phenyketonuria (PKU) Normalize with a Strict Diet: Evidence for Catecholamine-mediated Adiponectin Regulation and a Complex Effect of PKU Diet on Atherogenesis Risk Factors. Metabolism 54:1350-1355.

542. Siahanidou T, Mandyla H, Vounatsou M, Anagnostakis D, Papassotiriou I, and Chrousos GP (2005) Circulating Peptide YY Concentrations Are Higher in Preterm than Term Infants and Correlate Negatively with Body Weight and Positively with Serum Ghrelin Levels. Clin Chemistry. 51(11):2131-7.

543. Papoutsi Z, Kassi E, Tsiapara A, Fokialakis N, Chrousos GP, Moutsatsou P. (2005) Evaluation of Estrogenic/Antiestrogenic Activity of Ellagic Acid via the Estrogen Receptor Subtypes ERalpha and ERbeta. J Agric Food Chem. 53(20):7715-7720.

544. Papoutsi Z, Kassi E, Mitakou S, Aligiannis N, Chrousos GP, Moutsatsou P. (2006) Acteoside and Martynoside Exhibit Estrogenic/Antiestrogenic Activity. J Steroid Biochem and Mol Biol 98(1):63-71. Epub 2005 Sep 28.

545. Ichijo T, Voutetakis A, Cotrim AP, Bhattachryya N, Fujii M, Chrousos GP and Kino T (2005) The SMAD6/histone Deacetylase 3 Complex Silences the Transcriptional Activity of the Glucocorticoid Receptor: Potential Clinical Implications. J Biol Chem. 280(51):42067-77.

546. Nassis GP, Papantakou K, Skenderi K, Triandafillopoulou M, Kavouras S, Yannakoulia M, Chrousos G, Sidossis L. (2005) Aerobic Exercise Training Improves Insulin Sensitivity without Changes in Body Weight, Body Fat, Adiponectin and Inflammatory Markers in Overweight and Obese Girls. Metabolism 54(11): 1472-1479.

547. Papandreou O, Soldatou A, Tsitsika A, Cariyannis C, Papandreou T, Papassotiriou, Zachariadi A, and Chrousos GP (2005) Serum S100b Protein in Children with Acute Recurrent Headache: A Potentially Useful Marker for Migraine. Headache 45: 1313-1316.

548. Kino T, Liou S-H, Charmandari E and Chrousos GP (2005) Pathologic Human Glucocorticoid Receptor Mutants Demonstrate Defective Motility inside the Nucleus of Living Cells: Percent Recovery Time afterPhotobleaching (FRAP) is an Integrated Measure of Receptor Function. Mol Med. 10(7-12): 80-8.

549. Bamberger AM, Minas V, Kalantaridou S, Radde J, Sadeghian H, Loening T, Charalambopoulos J, Bruemmer J, Wagener C, Bamberger CM, Schulte HM, Chrousos GP and Makrigiannakis A (2005) Corticotropin-releasing Hormone Modulates Human Trophoblast Invasion through CEACAM-1 Regulation. Am J Pathol. 2006 68(1): 141-50.

550. Meduri GU, Muthiah MP, Carratu P, Eltorky M and Chrousos GP (2005) Nuclear factor-(B- and Glucocorticoid Receptor a- mediated Mechanisms in Regulation of Systemic and Pulmonary Inflammation during Sepsis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Evidence for Inflammation–induced Target Tissue Resistance to Glucocorticoids. Neuroimmunomodulation 12(6): 321-38.

551. Nicolaidou P, Papadopoulou A, Georgouli H, Matsinos YG, Tsapra H, Fretzayas A, Giannoulia-Karantana A, Kitsiou S, Douros K, Papassotiriou I, Chrousos GP. (2006) Calcium and Vitamin D Metabolism in Hypocalcemic Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets Carriers. Horm Res. 65(2): 83-88.

552. Charmandari E, Kino T, Ichijo T, Zachman K, Alatsatianos A, Chrousos GP (2006) Functional Characterization of the Natural Human Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Mutants hGRalphaR477H and hGRalphaG679S Associated with Generalized Glucocorticoid Resistance. J Clin Endocrinol 91: 1535-1543.

553. Ronsaville DS, Municchi G, Laney C, Cizza G, Meyer SE, Haim A, Radke-Yarrow M, Chrousos, GP, Gold PW, Martinez PE. (2006) Maternal and Environmental Factors Influence the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis Response to Corticotropin-releasing Hormone Infusion in Offspring of Mothers with or without Mood Disorders. Develop Psychopathol 18(1): 173-94.

554. Alesci S, Manoli I, Su Y, Blackman M, Rennert O, Chrousos GP (2006) Development of a New Mitochondria-focused cDNA Microarray (hMitChip): Validation in Skeletal Muscle Cells and Implications for Pharmaco-and Mitogenomics. The Pharmacogenomics J. 6(5):333-42.

555. Kino T, Souvatzoglou E, Charmandari E, Ichijo T, Driggers P, Mayers C, Alatsatianos A, Manoli I, Westphal H, Chrousos GP and Segars JH (2006) Rho Family Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Brx Couples Extracellular Signals to the Glucocorticoid Signaling System. J Biol Chem. 281: 9118-9126.

556. Krisnamoorthy S, Bei T, Zoumakis E, Chrousos GP and Iliadis AA (2006) Morphological and Binding Properties of Interleukin-6 on Thin ZnO Films Grown on (100) Silicon Substrates for Biosensor Applications. Biosens Bioelectron 22: 707-14.

557. Giedd JN, Clasen LS, Lenroot R, Greenstein D, Wallace GL, Ordaz S, Molloy EA, Blumenthal JD, Tossell JW, Stayer C, Samango-Sprouse CA, Shen D, Davatzikos C, Merke D, Chrousos GP (2006). Puberty-related influences on brain development. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 254-255:154-62.

558. Vgontzas AN, Trakada G, Bixler EO, Lin H-M, Pejovic S, Zoumakis E, Chrousos, GP, Legro R (2006) Plasma IL-6 and TNF-alpha Levels are Elevated in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Independently of Obesity and Sleep Apnea. Metabolism 55: 1076-82.

559. Priftis K, Papadimitriou A, Anthracopoulos B, Gatsopoulou E, Fretzayas A, Nicolaidou P, Chrousos G (2006) Adrenal Function Improvement in Asthmatic Children on Inhaled Steroids Studied Longitudinally. Neuroimmunomodulation 13(1): 56-62.

560. Vgontzas AN, Pejovic, S, Zoumakis E, Lin H-M, Bixler EO, Basta M, Fang J, Sarrigiannidis A, Chrousos, GP (2007) Daytime Napping After a Night of Sleep Loss Decreases Sleepiness, Improves Performance, and Causes Beneficial Changes in Cortisol and Interleukin-6 Secretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 292: E253-61.

561. Fruchter O, Zoumakis E, Alesci S, De Martino M, Chrousos G, Hochberg Z. (2006) Intracrine modulation of gene expression by intracellular generation of active glucocorticoids. Steroids. 71: 1001-6.

562. Leong GM, Abad V, Charmandari E, Reynolds JC, Hill S, Chrousos GP and Nieman LK (2007). The effects of child- and adolescent-onset endogenous Cushing syndrome on areal and volumetric bone mineral density, body composition and growth: a 7-year prospective study into young adulthood. J Bone Miner Res 22(1):110-8.

563. Siahanidou T, Mandyla H, Papassotiriou GP, Papasotiriou I, Chrousos GP (2007) Circulating Levels of Adiponectin in Preterm Infants. Arch Dis Child Fet Neon 92(4):F286-90.

564. Nicolaidou P, Papadopoulou A, Matsinos YG, Georgouli H, Fretzayas A, Papadimitriou A, Priftis K, Douros K, Chrousos GP. (2006) Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms in Hypocalcemic Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets Carriers. Horm Res. 67(4):179-183

565. Spyridopoulos TN, Petridou ET, Skalkidou A, Dessypris N, Chrousos GP, Mantzoros CN, and the Obesity and Cancer Oncology Group (2007) Low Adiponectin Levels are Associated with Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case-control Study. Inter J Cancer 120: 1573-8.

566. Arditi JD, Venihaki M, Karalis KP and Chrousos GP (2007) Anti-proliferative Effect of Adiponectin on MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells: A Potential Hormonal Link between Obesity and Cancer. Horm Metabol Res 39: 9-13.

567. Alevizaki M, Cimponeriu A, Lekakis J, Papamichael C, Chrousos GP (2007) High Anticipatory Stress Plasma Cortisol and Increased Sensitivity to Glucocorticoids Predict Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Subjects Undergoing Coronary Angiography. Metabolism 56: 222-6.

568. Kakourou T, Karachristou K and Chrousos GP (2007) A Case Series of Alopecia Areata in Children: Impact of Personal and Family History of Stress and Autoimmunity. JADV 21: 356-359.

569. Bartzeliotou AI, Margeli AP, Tsironi M, Skenderi K, Bacoula C, Chrousos GP, Papassotiriou I. (2007) Circulating levels of adhesion molecules and markers of endothelial activation in acute inflammation induced by prolonged brisk exercise. Clin Biochem. 40(11):765-70.

570. Krekoukia M, Nassis GP, Psarra G, Skenderi K, Chrousos GP, Sidossis LS. (2007) Elevated total and central adiposity and low physical activity are associated with insulin resistance in children. Metabolism. 56(2):206-13

571. Bai X, Wu J, Zhang Q, Alesci S, Manoli I, Blackman MR, Chrousos GP, Goldstein AL, Rennert OM, and Su YA. (2007) The Third-Generation Human Mitochondria-focused cDNA Microarray (hMitChip3) and its Bioinformatics Tool for Analysis of Gene Expression. BioTechniques 42:365-375

572. Chrousos GP, O’Dowd L, Uryniak T, Simpson B, Casty M, Goldman M (2007) Basal and Cosyntropin-stimulated Plasma Cortisol Concentrations, as Measured by High-performance Liquid Chromatography, in Children Aged 5 Months to ................
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