Hospitals & Asylums
Hospitals & Asylums
Title 24 United States Code, Chapter 10, Armed Forces Retirement Home
Proposed Part 3 Peace Treaties §446-448
World Court © Spring Equinox Edition 2003, 1 Iraqi Dead = $1 million 24USC(10)§420
Koran
Warrants and Reports
§446 Afghanistan & Iraq 1
I. United Nations 2
II. United States 13
III. Afghanistan 19
IV. Iraq 26
§447 Korea 45
V. United Nations 46
VI. North Korea 53
VII. South Korea 60
VIII. Single Korean Yearbook 63
§448 Palestinian Israeli Territories 70
IX. Israel 71
X. Palestine 84
XI. United States 89
Appendix Perseid Meteors 90
Kings: Former King Zahir Shah, President George Bush II, President Saddam Hussein, National Defense Commissioner Kim Jong Il, President Yasser Arafat
Hospitals & Asylums Writer: Anthony J. Sanders, sanderstony2000@
Prohibition of Murder
World Court[1]
International Court of Justice. Peace Palace, 2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands
International Criminal Court.. P.O. Box 19519, 2500 CM. The Hague, ND
___________________________________________________________________Hamid Karzai, Interim President of Afghanistan, ambassador@
Embassy of Afghanistan, PO Box 155, Deakin West ACT 2600, Australia. & Saddam Hussein, President of Iraq, MissionOfIraq@nyc. Iraqi Foundation 1012 14 St. NW, Suite 1110, Washington, DC 20005 USA Vs. George Bush, President of the United States of America The White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20500, USA US Senate Foreign Relations. 306 Hart Senate Office Building, Washington D.C. 20510-1401
Secretary of Defense, 1000 Defense Pentagon, Washington, DC 20301-1000
Supreme Court Clerk, Washington DC, 20543-0001 ______________________________________________________________________________
U.N. Security Council. Room S-3520, United Nations, New York, NY 10017 USA UNMOVIC. Room S-3120 New York, NY 10017 USA The World Bank, 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20433 USA ______________________________________________________________________________ Hospitals & Asylums[2]. Anthony J. Sanders. 2601 Melrose Ave. B-100, Cincinnati, Ohio 45206, USA sanderstony2000@ , introducing $10 billion Legal Fines
Peace Treaty
I. United Nations
A. Quo Warranto....................................................................................................2
B. UNMOVIC…………………………………………………………..………..3
C. Laws of War ………..……………………………………………….………...5
D. Disarmament…………………………………………………….…………….6
II. United States
A. Historical Introduction.…………………………………………….………….13
B. Armed Forces Retirement Home….…………………………………………..16
C. Defense Contract……………………………………………….………..........18
III. Afghanistan
A. Historical Introduction…………………………………………………….....19
B. Constitutional Banking……………………………………………………….22
C. Real International Base………………………………………………………25
IV. Iraq
A. Historical Introduction………………………………………………………..26
B. Peace….………......……………………………………………………......… 30
C. Coronation al Saddam Hussein….……...…………………………………….31
I. UNITED NATIONS
The Koran is quoted in acceptance of the mercy AlLaw in Rangers,
[37.53] What! when we are dead and have become dust and bones, shall we then be certainly brought to judgment?
[37.54] He shall say: Will you look on?
[37.55] Then he looked down and saw him in the midst of hell.
[37.56] He shall say: By Allah! you had almost caused me to perish;
[37.57] And had it not been for the favor of my Lord, I would certainly have been among those brought up.
[37.58] Is it then that we are not going to die,
[37.59] Except our previous death? And we shall not be chastised?
[37.60] Most surely this is the mighty achievement.
[37.61] For the like of this then let the workers work. [37.62] Is this better as an entertainment or the tree of Zaqqum?
[37.63] Surely We have made it to be a trial to the unjust.
[37.64] Surely it is a tree that-grows in the bottom of the hell;
[37.65] Its produce is as it were the heads of the serpents.
[37.66] Then most surely they shall eat of it and fill (their) bellies with it.
A. Quo Warranto
The Quo Warranto [3] proceedings of Iraq, Afghanistan and the United States must be settled before the Security Council and International Court of Justice before international war spreads from Afghanistan to Iraq. The current situation with massive amounts of US troops menacing Iraq under the command of US President George Bush II who speaks of nothing but how much he wants to murder more poor people. He must be convicted and impeached for his crimes in accordance with Article 1§ 3 (7) by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and 2/3 of the Senate so that he can contemplate the US kingdom in peace. George Bush has not met the reasonable demand for Peace Talks with Saddam Hussein and is probably not competent to come to any rational conclusions, although with the guidance of this peace treaty his government might be, Saddam Hussein, however, has kept the Peace for 10 years, and speaks of peace to this day, he is the leading electoral candidate for King of New Iraq when the New Iraq Constitutional Estate has been approved by the Iraqi National Council[4].
The UN Security Council is therefore called upon to exercise their authority to call for a cease fire, withdrawal of troops without a truce and forfeiture of US military bases in the Persian Gulf to local nations before the fighting begins due to the severe breaches in international law we are forced to witness every day in the news and their duty to keep the peace. The Security Council must not permit the extermination of their defendants by well known mass murders. The court may under Article 36 of the Statute of the Court[5] interpret this treaty, settle questions of international law, establish breaches of international obligation and determine the nature and extent of reciprocal reparations required for peace. The Parties are called upon to ratify this peace treaty in accordance with Article 30 of the Rules of the Court[6] - the U.S. President and 2/3 of the Senate present in accordance with Article 1§2(2) of the U.S. Constitution[7], and upon the consent of the Revolutionary Command Council in accordance with Article 37 of the Iraqi Interim Constitution[8] and the introduction of the President and consent of the Loya Jirga in accordance with Article 141 of the 1990 Constitution of Afghanistan[9]. Interpretations of Peace Treaties[10] and United States v. Yugoslavia encourage the United Nations to respond swiftly to conflicts to prevent more military disasters[11]. The ratification of 20 nations may enter this peace treaty into force against the objection of the US, Afghanistan or Iraq as did not occur in the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects.
The court is called upon to judge the Legality of the Use of Force[12] and establish truces on the basis of the Conditions of Admission for a State to Membership to the United Nations [13] enumerated in Article 4 (1) of the Charter as (1) a State; (2) peace-loving; (3) must accept the obligations of the Charter; (4) must be able to carry out these obligations; (5) must be willing to do so[14]. The United Nations admitted the United States on 24 Oct. 1945, Iraq on 21 Dec. 1945, and Afghanistan on Nov. 1946 all of these nations have an inalienable right to be respected as equals before the United Nations. Should the US not be compliant it would be reasonable to remove their Permanent Vote from the Security Council for a specific length of time.
In 2003 after the astounding success of 10 Eastern European nations to be admitted to the European Union the court has sought to improve the recognition of nations of people who have limited membership such as the Marsh Arabs, Palestinian and Kurdish people. We pray the peace treaties of the Korean, Kurdish, Marsh Arab, Iraqi, Afghani and Palestinian people will be honored with injunctive relief secured from the United States Department of Defense by the Armed Forces Retirement Home Trust Fund and the World Bank in accordance with Title 24 U.S. Code (10)§419 (a) (4), Title 10 U.S. Code§2772, and the judgment of the United Nations and United States.
B. UNMOVIC
The United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC) was created through the adoption of Security Council resolution 1284[15] of 17 December 1999. UNMOVIC is paid for be the nation of Iraq by the order of the Security Council. The mission is to disarm Iraq of its weapons of mass destruction (chemical weapons, biological weapons and missiles with a range of more than 150 km), and to operate a system of ongoing monitoring and verification to check Iraq’s compliance with its obligations not to reaquire the same weapons prohibited to it by the Security Council and destroyed by UNSCOM and the nation of Iraq[16]. The director Hans Blix was the director of the International Atomic Energy Association (IAEA) from 1993-1997.
After the adoption of the resolution 1441 (2002) on Friday 8 November 2002 the first group of UNMOVIC and IAEA inspectors arrived in Baghdad. The Iraqi side assures us that Iraq intends to provide full cooperation with the implementation of Resolution 1441 (2002), while expecting correct and professional conduct from the inspecting organizations. On January 6, 2003 Hans Blix stated to the Security Council that no prohibited weapons had been discovered and that Iraq had complied with a request to disclose the names of 394 people who manufactured prohibited weapons during the Iran/Iraq War for interviews in foreign countries. UNMOVIC is also considering conducting high altitude surveillance of Iraq as a United States spy plane was shot down by Iraqi anti-aircraft in contravention to the Open Skies[17] treaty, that is not yet enforced, permitting spy planes nearly unlimited access to airspace, this contractual right furthermore appears to be forfeit under Part IV Article 52 of the 1977 Geneva Convention[18] due to bombing missions by the United States that have claimed nearly 300 civilian lives since 2000. Arms experts said Monday, January 13, 2002 they could take up to a year to finish inspections in Iraq and Washington signaled it may be ready for war as soon as February or may wait until March[19]. On March 16th inspectors were evacuated from Baghdad on a plane to Cypress as the result of threat of war by an international co-alition. The admittance of weapons inspectors for the second time clearly demonstrates Saddam Hussein’s commitment to Peace, the US unfortunately did not honor the law and chose to lie with the fraudulent complaints of weapons of mass destruction while publicly stating they intend to use them against the Iraqi people without dialogue.
C. Laws of War
Pope John Paul II led a growing chorus of voices raised against war saying a conflict in the Gulf would be a ''defeat for humanity''[20] and continues to call for Peace. The disarmament dilemma appears to be that Iraq and weapons inspectors from UNSCOM, the former inspection regime, have reported that from a quantitative standpoint all prohibited weapons and materials have already been disposed of or destroyed. Koffi Annan stated on January 14, 2003 that he was “optimistic and hopeful, if we handle this situation right and the pressure is maintained we may be able to disarm peacefully without need to resort to war"[21].
The Protocol Additional to the Geneva Convention and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts [22] of 8 June 1977 is the pre-eminent law regarding warfare. Part III of the Convention sets forth in Article 35 (2) that it is prohibited to employ weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering. (3) it is prohibited to employ methods or means of warfare which are intended, or may be expected, to cause widespread, long-term and severe damage to the natural environment. Whereas weapons of mass destruction are incapable of discriminating between civilians and non-civilians causing superfluous injury and unnecessary suffering to their victims there is therefore no Legal Use by a State of Nuclear Weapons in Armed Conflict[23] or any other weapon of mass destruction. Article 40 prohibits the order to kill all combatants as those hors de combat, unconscious or surrendering, must be given quarter.
Part IV Article 52 states that civilian objects shall not be the object of attacks. Annex I to the Geneva Convention orders that medical and civil relief personnel be issued standard identification cards printed in both English and the local language. To comply with Security Council resolutions the Iraqi government has terminated their biological, chemical and nuclear weapons corporations under Article 61 (1)(hi); (h) detection and marking of danger areas (i) decontamination and destroying prohibited materials; in co-operation with UNSCOM weapons inspectors. UNMOVIC is attempting to continue the mission but must expand their trusteeship to assume a more diplomatic role in the crisis.
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court[24] should greatly expedite the prosecution of war crimes, terrorism, crimes against humanity and genocide with the appointment of judges for the court by the UN General Assembly this 2003 in the Hague. The aggression of the United States in the Middle East is best described in Article 7 as Crimes Against Humanity (ha) (h) Persecution against a group collectively identifiable on political, racial, national, ethnic, cultural and religious grounds as Arabs that has escalated to (a) Murder[25].
Whereas the war in Afghanistan appears to be justified in its Security Council Resolution, not to be confused with the ideal resolution of a quo warranto to restore the Loya Jirga to the trust of the Afghani people. The threatened war against Iraq does not appear to be justified primarily due to the fact that Saddam Hussein publicly disarmed and the peaceful countries and people of the world have gathered in peaceful protest against the aggression of the United States.
The World Court is therefore called upon to exercise their jurisdiction over War Crimes under Article 25 (f) of the Rome Statute to hold the United States liable for their threatened attack of Iraq. The deployment of troops in the Persian Gulf defies reason due to a lack of diplomacy and respect for previous and current disarmament actions by the United Nations and is a serious threat to world peace. Article 25 (f) states,
Attempts to commit such a crime by taking action that commences its execution by means of a substantial step, but the crime does not occur because of circumstances independent of the person's intentions. However, a person who abandons the effort to commit the crime or otherwise prevents the completion of the crime shall not be liable for punishment under the Statute of the International Criminal Court for the attempt to commit that crime if that person completely and voluntarily gave up the criminal purpose.
To abandon the war effort and avoid criminal liability the United States must retire their troops from the Persian Gulf and focus on US disarmament and the savvy investment of defense funding in foreign assistance under Article 22 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights[26] to improve the social security of Iraq. To fully cooperate with the United Nations both the United States and Iraq are requested to help remunerate the Kurdish people, revitalize the Southern Marshes for the Marsh Arabs, empower the Iraqi National Congress to be elected to represent the Kurds to the Iraqi National Council and renovate the Babylonian ruins to improve tourism to Iraq. We pray that the United Nations will facilitate peace and guarantee that Iraq is no longer terrorized by the US.
D. DISARMAMENT
The issue of disarmament has become the pre-eminent issue of current diplomatic efforts. The goal is to reduce military arsenals, bases and weapons without infringing upon the rights of the State to defend themselves from murder. The United Nations Department of Disarmament Affairs was founded in 1982 by the General Assembly under Resolution 52/12 and operated until 1992 when it was disbanded, in 1998 it was re-established as an under-Secretariat. Jayantha Dhanapala, from Indonesia, is the current Under-Secretary General. The Department of Disarmament is structured into 5 branches. 1. The Under-Secretary and Conference Support Branch, 2. Weapons of Mass Destruction Branch, 3. Conventional Arms Branch, 4. Regional Disarmament Branch, 5. Monitoring, Database and Information Branch[27].
The President of the United States demands of the disarmament on Iraq is hippo critic as the US Department of Defense has not joined with the Unilateral Arms Reductions of recent years that was spearheaded by the biological and chemical weapons forfeitures of President Saddam Hussein to UNSCOM. US reticence to disarm has led to an increasing percentage of weapons and military expenditure that has risen to 35% of the world’s and is 25% of the US budget. The US arms confederacy began during the Reagan administration as the result of refusal to comply with the SALT II treaty. The US did enter into a nuclear weapon reduction treaty with Russia this 2003. The United States demands have proven to be the height of the world’s greatest arm’s trader’s fraud.
International treaties are considered valid on the basis of their adherence to the principles of human rights, Peace and the acceptance of state parties. When treaties are entered into force by a ratification of a significant number of states there becomes a right for the United Nations and State Parties to take action to remedy the breaches in law by states that are not Parties of any given convention. It is given to Justice to Judge the People’s adherence to the Laws of the UN General Assembly and the treaties amongst Nations.
The 1925 Geneva Protocol[28] established a Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare. It states,
“asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases, and of all analogous liquids, materials or devices, has been justly condemned by the general opinion of the civilized world;”
Nuclear Weapons, Land Mines, Bacteriologic, Chemical Weapons, and Missiles with a range of over 150 km (prohibited to Iraq) and the Illicit Traffic in Small Arms (Prohibited in the OAS) have also come to be specifically prohibited. In fact all weapons of mass destruction are prohibited in general. Weapons owners and operators must be licensed by the State and held responsible for any bodily injury or death they incur. A declaration of war or other Judgment does not relieve any individual or State from liability for the crime of Murder or Aggression that may be tried in a court of the State that issues such license or arms such a laborer, the state may be tried in an International Court or by an international tribunal in accordance with these and other international laws.
The Antarctic Treaty of 1959 was entered into forced in 1961. To this day there are no declared military installations in Antarctica. Article 1 defends peaceful purposes before the International Court of Just-ice as,
Antarctica shall be used for peaceful purposes only. There shall be prohibited, inter alia, any measures of a military nature, such as the establishment of military bases and fortifications, the carrying out of military maneuvers, as well as the testing of any types of weapons is prohibited.
The Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies[29] was opened in 1979 and entered into force in 1984 State Parties must inform the Secretary General of the nature of all missions to the moon and outer-space to ensure that under Article 3 (1),
The moon shall be used by all States Parties exclusively for peaceful purposes
and Article 3 (4) that states,
The establishment of military bases, installations and fortifications, the testing of any type of weapons and the conduct of military manoeuvres on the moon shall be forbidden. The use of military personnel for scientific research or for any other peaceful purposes shall not be prohibited. The use of any equipment or facility necessary for peaceful exploration and use of the moon shall also not be prohibited.
The Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water Partial Test Ban was the first international treaty prohibiting nuclear weapons opened and entered into force in 1963[30]. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty NPT[31] was opened in 1968 and entered into force in 1970, it is the pre-eminent international treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Association (IAEA[32]). The many continents have also joined together to enforce and confederate from the NPT in their region. The Bangkok Treaty[33] opened in 1995 entered into force in 1997, the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty of Rarotonga was signed in 1985 and entered into force in 1986[34]. Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean Treaty of Tlatelolco was signed in 1967 and enforced by the nations [35], African Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Pelindaba Treaty, signed 1996 not yet entered into force[36]. The Treaty prohibits nuclear weapons within the Organization of African Unity. These treaties ensure that,
1. Each State Party undertakes not to allow, in its territory, any other State to:
(a) develop, manufacture or otherwise acquire, possess or have control over nuclear weapons;
(b) station or transport nuclear weapons; or
(c) test or use nuclear weapons.
(d) dump at sea or discharge into the atmosphere any radioactive material or wastes
(e) dispose radioactive material or wastes on land in the territory of or under the jurisdiction of other States
(f) allow, within its territory, any other State to dump at sea or discharge into the atmosphere any radioactive material or wastes.
(g) Nothing shall prejudice the right of the States Parties to use nuclear energy, in particular for their economic development and social progress.
The Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof or Sea-Bed Treaty was opened in 1971 and entered into force in 1972[37]. Article 1 states,
1. The States Parties to this Treaty undertake not to emplant or emplace on the seabed and the ocean floor and in the subsoil thereof beyond the outer limit of a sea-bed zone, as defined in article II, any nuclear weapons or any other types of weapons of mass destruction as well as structures, launching installations or any other facilities specifically designed for storing, testing or using such weapons.
The APM Convention (Mine-Ban Convention)[38] went into force in 1999.
Article 1 states,
1. Each State Party undertakes never under any circumstances:
a) To use anti-personnel mines;
b) To develop, produce, otherwise acquire, stockpile, retain or transfer to anyone, directly or indirectly, anti-personnel mines;
c) To assist, encourage or induce, in any way, anyone to engage in any activity prohibited to a State Party under this Convention.
2. Each State Party undertakes to destroy or ensure the destruction of all anti-personnel mines in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
The BWC, Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction was opened in 1972 and entered into force in 1975[39]. To achieve effective progress toward general and complete disarmament, including the prohibition and elimination of all types of weapons of mass destruction, Under Article 1
Each State Party to this Convention undertakes never in any circumstance to develop, produce, stockpile or otherwise acquire or retain:
Microbial or other biological agents, or toxins whatever their origin or method of production, of types and in quantities that have no justification for prophylactic, protective or other peaceful purposes;
Weapons, equipment or means of delivery designed to use such agents or toxins for hostile purposes or in armed conflict.
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction CWC[40] was opened in Paris in 1993 and entered into force in 1997 to achieve effective progress towards general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control, including the prohibition and elimination of all types of weapons of mass destruction. Article 1 sets forth the General Principles governing State Parties working on their own or in co-operation with the UN to prohibit Chemical weapons,
(a) To develop, produce, otherwise acquire, stockpile or retain chemical weapons, or transfer, directly or indirectly, chemical weapons to anyone;
(b) To use chemical weapons;
(c) To engage in any military preparations to use chemical weapons;
(d) To assist, encourage or induce, in any way, anyone to engage in any activity prohibited to a State Party under this Convention.
2. Each State Party undertakes to destroy chemical weapons it owns or possesses, or that are located in any place under its jurisdiction or control, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
The CCWC Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects was opened for signature in 1981 and has not yet been entered into force. The Convention entreats upon all states in their international relations to refrain from the threat or use of force against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political independence of any State. The four protocols state,
Protocol 1 Prohibits the use of any weapon the primary effect of which is to injure by fragments which are Non-Detectable in Humans by X-rays.
Protocol II Prohibits the use of Mines, Booby Traps and Other Devices on both land and at sea as of 1996.
Protocol III Prohibits the Use of Incendiary Weapons
Protocol IV Prohibits the Use of Blinding Laser Weapons Adopted by the 8th Plenary Meeting of the States Parties on 13 October 1995
The Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe CFE [41] opened in 1990 and entered into force in 1992 limits the amount Committed to the objective of ensuring that the numbers of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty within the area of application of this Treaty do not exceed 40,000 battle tanks, 60,000 armoured combat vehicles, 40,000 pieces of artillery, 13,600 combat aircraft and 4,000 attack helicopters.
Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques ENMOD was opened in 1977 and entered into force on 1978[42]. Article 1 states,
1. Each State Party to this Convention undertakes not to engage in military or any other hostile use of environmental modification techniques having widespread, long-lasting or severe effects as the means of destruction, damage or injury to any other State Party.
Article 2 defines,
the term "environmental modification techniques" refers to any technique for changing -- through the deliberate manipulation of natural processes -- the dynamics, composition or structure of the Earth, including its biota, lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere, or of outer space.
The Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacture of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Materials was opened in 1997 and entered into force in 1998[43]. Article II states the purpose of the Convention is,
to prevent, combat, and eradicate the illicit manufacturing of and trafficking in firearms, ammunition, explosives, and other related materials;
to promote and facilitate cooperation and exchange of information and experience among States Parties to prevent, combat, and eradicate the illicit manufacturing of and trafficking in firearms, ammunition, explosives, and other related materials.
Inter-American Convention on Transparency in Conventional Weapons Acquisitions adopted in 1999 and not yet in force[44]. The Objective of this document deposited with the Secretary of the Organization of American States is clarified in Article II,
The objective of this Convention is to contribute more fully to regional openness and transparency in the acquisition of conventional weapons by exchanging information regarding such acquisitions, for the purpose of promoting confidence among States in the Americas.
The Treaty on Open Skies was opened for signatures in 1992 and is not yet in force[45]. The purpose of the Treaty is to permit spy planes unimpeded access national airspace to make photographs[46]. The Treaty has been undermined by bombing missions using the information gathered by spy planes. Article II sets forth the Quotas that form the foundation of this treaty, it states,
Each State Party shall have the right to conduct observation flights in accordance with the provisions of this Treaty.
2. Each State Party shall be obliged to accept observation flights over its territory in accordance with the provisions of this Treaty.
3. Each State Party shall have the right to conduct a number of observation flights over the territory of any other State Party equal to the number of observation flights which that other State Party has the right to conduct over it.
II. THE UNITED STATES
Full country name: The United States of America (USA), Population: 285,000,000
Area: 3,618,000 sq miles (9,370,000 sq km), Capital city: Washington, DC (pop: 570,000) People: Caucasian (71%), African American (12%), Latino (12%), Asian (4%), Native American (0.9%), Languages: English, plus many secondary languages, chiefly Spanish, Religion: Protestant (56%), Roman Catholic (28%), Jewish (2%), Muslim (1%), Government: Federal republic of 50 states, President: George W Bush, GDP: US$9.3 trillion, GDP per head: US$33,900, Annual growth: 4.1%, Inflation: 2.2%, Major industries: Oil, electronics, computers, automobile manufacturing, aerospace industries, agriculture, telecommunications, chemicals, mining, processing and packaging, Major trading partners: Canada, Japan, Mexico, the EU[47].
A. Historical Introduction
The attack upon the World Trade Center and Pentagon of September 11, 2002 killed 92 on Flight 11 that plowed into the north tower, Flight 77 crashed into the Pentagon killing 63, Flight 175 plowing into the South Tower killing 56, Flight 93 crashed into a rural town in Pennsylvania killing 45, 125 service members died in the attack on the Pentagon, 2630 people were confirmed dead in the World Trade Center for a total of 2886 dead[48]. There was an outpouring of grief and the families of the victim’s were compensated. The official statement of the victims is that they are opposed to the war.
The United States immediately became engaged in a hippo critic War on Terror as “acts of war” are the supreme act of Terrorism 18USC(113B)§2331(4), a section that punishes all crimes. To ensure that the Nation never again wages another armed conflict without a reasonable Peace Treaty approved by the US President and Senate guaranteeing improved economic and social security to the defendant nations under Article 1§2 of the Constitution, the United States must demonstrate cognizance of their federal criminal conviction under ABC- Telemarketing Fraud 18USC(113A) §2325[49], Terrorism 18USC(113B)§2331[50] and Torture 18USC(113C) §2340[51]- by forfeiting war claims to the nations of Iraq, Afghanistan and Korea and leaving them in peace.
The terrorist conviction began with the Afghanistan Freedom Act of 6 October, 2001 HR3049 and 11 October, 2001 HR 3088 that waged Operation Enduring Freedom in accordance with Article 1 §7 (11) of the U.S. Constitution[52] on September 13, 2001 SJ 23 passed in the House and Senate to become PL-107-40 Authorizing the United States Armed Forces for Use in Afghanistan, §2,
(1) to direct the drawdown of defense articles from the stocks of the Department of Defense, defense services of the Department of Defense, and military education and training for eligible Afghan resistance organizations.
(a) That the President is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States by such nations, organizations or persons[53].
On 23 September, 2002 E.O. 13224 – Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transaction with Persons who Commit, Threaten to Commit or Support Terrorism was signed by the president consolidating a comprehensive database of known terrorist supporters and lists sanctions authorized under previous acts[54]. On November 13, 2001 the President issued a Military Order titled, “Detention, Treatment and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War Against Terrorism” that focused upon the prosecution of Al Queda that guarantees people prosecuted under terrorism statutes are guaranteed a fair trial by military tribunals and are not convicted but upon the approval of 2/3 of the Commission[55].
On Monday 7 October, 2002 President Bush gave a 20 minute speech in Cincinnati, Ohio at the Union Terminal and Museum of Natural History while an estimated 5,000 people gathered in a candle light vigil beginning at 8pm that was attended by the author. The protesters were well behaved and the organizers, who had pleaded for peace before the Federal Building in the month of September, distributed pamphlets on legal and peaceful protest etiquette, both Bush supporters and peace protestors demonstrated with signs. There was music, speeches by election candidates and cookies in the park until 9pm[56].
On October 10, 2002, after 2 year of illicit bombings of Iraq by American jets that have reportedly killed over 300 Iraqi civilians the House of Representatives decided in HJRes.114 §3 to Authorize the Use of Force Against Iraq with 296 in favor -133 against that was signed by the President on October 16, 2002[57],
(a) AUTHORIZATION- The President is authorized to use the Armed Forces of the United States as he determines to be necessary and appropriate in order to--
(1) defend the national security of the United States against the continuing threat posed by Iraq ; and
(2) enforce all relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions regarding Iraq [58].
The rational was that the gathering threat of Iraq must be confronted fully and finally and the vote sends a clear message to the Iraqi regime: it must disarm and comply with all existing U.N. resolutions, or it will be forced to comply. Iraq has substantially complied to the UN Security Council whose judgment has not been fully funded. On 9 October, 2002 President Bush explained to Congress,
“military action was not imminent or inevitable…there is clear backing for the use of force only if diplomatic efforts fail”[59].
Iraq has behaved peacefully and does not present any threat to US security not manufactured by President Bush who, heedless of the UN Security Council and Secretary General orders not to attack Iraq, hopes to enter Iraq as an illiterate murderer with not more than this $1 billion of Iraqi thought to rule an Interim government while Iraqi Security has evolved to the point were they can contemplate a Permanent Constitution with a King. While Iraq has stated that they would like to be better friends with the US, President Bush dumbly leads international troops to die in his hell. President Bush must pay for his murders, honor his dead and speak to his master of disarmament- Saddam Hussein - at the Armed Forces Retirement Home that was published by his father, George Bush, in Title 24 US Code Chapter 10 and holds the key for generations of meaningful peace talks with the US and other nations hoping to make peace with their militaries.
B. Armed Forces Retirement Home
Under Title 24 H.A.U.S. Code Chapter 10 § 412 (3A) all troops who have served in the war theater during the time of war are eligible to become residents of the Armed Forces Retirement Home at any time they reach 60 years of age, become disabled or are incapable of earning another livelihood so long as they remain free of criminal, drug, alcohol, or psychiatric problems. As war has been waged under PL-107-40 Authorizing the United States Armed Forces for Use in Afghanistan waging Operation Enduring Freedom that has come to keep the peace in both Afghanistan and Korea and HJRes.114 §3 to Authorize the Use of Force Against Iraq. As § 423 establishes the Armed Forces Retirement Home trust fund investments by the Secretary of Defense and others that would could be managed by competent bankers with the counsel of the most experienced soldiers in the United States. With the help of Commanders in Chiefs of the armed forces and their counsel the Armed Forces Retirement Home would ensure that retiring soldiers are funded in accordance with the III Amendment to the US Constitution that states,
No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
To provide the +/-250,000 US troops currently on active duty with a house upon their release from the service it is estimated that a retirement fund of $25 billion would be needed so as to grant every serviceman and woman $100,000 for a home and/or college.
Iraq and Korea, where the average yearly income is little more than $1,000, have 1 million soldiers each. Home and college would cost these people an estimated $10,000, therefore to deal with the single logistic problem we are facing, a military horde, at least $10 billion would be needed for each nation to honorably retire their war theatre troops.
It may be considered necessary for the US Secretary of Defense to be responsible for the retirement of these foreign troops. It is calculated that the United States Secretary of Defense owes $10 billion in fines for the administration of the World Bank, the forfeiture of war claims to Afghanistan, Korea & Iraq in order to apologize for the acts of war and create an atmosphere of peace where the nations in question would feel safe to retire their troops and forfeit their weapons. The administration of the fines must be accounted for on the Internet and should continue to be administrated by the US to the local tax administration via the World Bank,
Afghanistan $1 billion 75% scholarship, 25% loya jirga (tribal council)
Iraq should be paid $2 billion that can be administrated as follows
Kurdistan $250 million Iraqi- Kurdish constitution and bi-lingual schools.
Southern Marsh $250 million environmental engineer and Marsh Arab settlement
Babylonian Ruins $250 million Babylonian anthropology trust (bat)
Iraqi Liberation $250 million 25% prisoner, 50% school, 25% supreme court
Iraqi National Congress $250 million embassy to Britain and 30 Iraqi-Kurdish seats
Iraqi Foundation $250 million embassy to United States and Iraqi Constitution
UNMOVIC $250 million Conventional Arms Treaty, Weapons Inspector for International Troops Entering Iraq
Kuwait &
Saudi Arabia $250 million base sales: encourage them to pay Iraqi Poverty
& Arab Emirate
King Saddam Hussein $10 billion to retire troops to new colleges (not in $10 billion)
Korea $1 billion 25% unification and 75% North Korean poor relief
They need $10 billion to retire troops, about $24 billion from South Korea and friends yearly until they earn $230 billion and live as equals under the Single Korean Yearbook
Palestine $1 billion poverty
They need $1 billion a quarter for social welfare, Hebrew Education in primary school, more for joint (international) English Speaking-Israeli-Palestinian IDF border soldiers and a million dollars US every year forever for peaceful Arafat monarchs in Israel.
The United States must take responsibility for the following damages that should be administrated as civilian relief in return for an Internet accountability system.
Retiring US Troops $30 billion retirement home and college fund for 250,000 US Soldiers in the Middle East (not in $10 billion).
NASA $1 billion Perseid Meteor map, continue as troop retirement
US Civilians $1 billion 50% prisoner liberation, 50% law scholarships
The $3 billion remainder can be administrated by the Armed Forces Retirement Home Trust Fund and World Bank who would pay $1 million to the International Criminal Court, $1 million to the International Court of Justice, $1 million Draft of a Permanent Constitution for a New Iraq, $1 million to the US Supreme Court, $1 million US Senate, $1 million to the Bush Kingdom and $1 million to Anthony J. Sanders for a life time appointment as the, “Prime Minister of Hospitals & Asylums Title 24 US Code”[60].
It is highly recommended to budget $40 billion a year from the current US Department of Defense Budget to pay for Contractual Peace with the nations of the Koran.
C. Defense Contract
Total US Military spending rose from $288.8 billion in 2000 to $310 billion in 2001 to $343.2 billion in 2002 to an estimated $396.1 billion for 2003[61]. From 1985 to 1998 global military spending was reduced from $1.2 trillion to $809 billion, US defense spending accounts for an increasing portion, roughly 35% of the total global military expenditure[62]. US Congress justifies increases in three areas of foreign military assistance between 2001-2003. US spending on International Military Education and Training has risen from $57.748 million in 2001 to an estimated $70 million in 2002 to a requested $80 million for 2003. Foreign Military Financing likewise increased from $3.568373 billion in 2001 to and estimated $3.65 billion in 2002 with $4.1072 billion requested for 2003. The budget for US Peacekeeping Operations has declined since the inception of Operation Enduring Freedom from $126.721 million in 2001 to an estimated high of $135 million in 2002 with a budgetary request of only $108.25 million for 2003[63].
The US has decided to relax military sanctions on countries neighboring Afghanistan to expedite the funding of counter-terrorism efforts among nations close to the action in Afghanistan and the delay for presidential approval for military aid has been reduced to only 5 days. On 22 September, 2002 the president declared sanctions, “would not be in the security interest of the United States” and on 29 October, 2002 passed the Foreign Operations Appropriations Act as Public Law 107-57 lifted many military sanctions for the year of 2002. The Northern Alliance was given shipments of Soviet Arms stockpiled by the CIA for use in their fight against the Taliban[64]. PL 105-57 specifically forgives Pakistan for testing nuclear devices in 1998 in contravention to the Arms Export Control Act of 1976 22USC§2799(aa-2) (1994) that establishes sanctions as control for, “nations detonating a nuclear device”. The United States deemed circumstances extraordinary enough to lift sanctions against Uzbekistan under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 22USC§2430b (a)(4) (1994) for a “consistent pattern of gross violations of human rights” due to their record of torture, illegal detentions and persecution of independent Muslims. Tajikstan was likewise recognized for cooperating closely with the US as a member of the International Coalition Against Terrorism and was forgiven for their instability in the early 1990’s and removed from the list of Proscribed Nations of the International Traffic in Arms[65]. On 4 December, 2001 the United States agreed to expedite the review of India's military equipment priorities, including radars and light combat aircraft components despite ethnic conflicts with reports of torture and disappearance of many “untouchables” due to the fact that inspection is a peaceful security measure[66].
The United States Department of Defense[67] is largely unmonitored in their deployment of troops. Operation Enduring Freedom estimates an international co-alition force of 15,000 with about 3,000 from the US in Afghanistan and another estimated 25,000 US troops in North Korea. A no fly zone is patrolled in Northern Iraq where the Kurdish people live by the US in Operation Northern Watch and Southern Iraq where the Marsh Arabs lived before their habitat was destroyed by a damn is patrolled by United States, France, Great Britain and Saudi Arabia in Operation Southern Watch. US Central Command is located in Kuwait and defends Saudi Arabia. US Naval Forces Central Command and US 5th Fleet hold 15,000 soldiers ready for deployment in aircraft and amphibious vehicles[68]. The US Department of Defense should have no difficulty paying for civil relief
III. AFGHANISTAN
[69]Area: 652,000 sq km (251,739 sq mi) Population: 26 million Capital city: Kabul (pop 1.5 million) People: Pashtun (38%), Tajik (25%), Hazara (19%), Uzbek (6%), other (12%)Language: Afghan Persian (Dari; 50%), Pashtu (35%), Turkic (Uzbek and Turkmen; 11%); other (4%) Literacy 32%Religion: Sunni Muslim (84%), Shi'a Muslim (15%), Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, Baha'i (1%)Government: Interim government (22 Dec 2001 - 22 June 2002) appointed by the United Nations Interim government chair: Hamid Karzai GDP: US$21 billion GDP per head: US$800 Annual growth: unavailable Inflation: unavailable Major industries: Textiles and rugs, fruits and nuts, opium, wool, cotton, fertilizer, soap, fossil fuels, gemstones Major trading partners: FSU (Former Soviet Union), Pakistan, Iran, EU, Japan, Singapore, India, South Korea[70].
A Historical Introduction
Afghanistan was founded as constitutional monarchy in both the first constitution ratified on April 6, 1923[71] and the second constitution of 1963[72]. In 1973 the king, Zahir Shah, who had sided with the Soviet Union since 1946, was overthrown by his cousin Mohammed Daod and the Communist Party in a bloodless coup that both abolished the monarchy and presented a third constitution drafted by the first Loya Jirga in 1976 founding a democratic republican form of government in Article 20 elected by all people over the age of 18 in Article 29[73]. In 1978 Daod was killed in a Communist backed coup that led to many tortures and the foundation of the Mujahidin resistance movement. In 1979 anti-communist forces took power inspiring the Soviet Union to attack Afghanistan in an unwinnable campaign similar to the US experience in Vietnam. In the 1980’s Osama bin Ladin began funding the Mujahidin from Saudi Arabia by constructing military bases that became known as Al-Queda, “the base”.
The 1987 revision of the Constitution of the Republic of Afghanistan led to recognition of Afghan independence in the 1988 the Geneva Accords ordering the withdrawal of Soviet troops that was not completed until 1989[74].
It was not until 1992 that the Mujahidin expelled the last of the Soviet appointed communist government. The National Assembly ceased to be operational in 1993. In 1994 the Taliban militia began to rise to supremacy by protecting the trade routes for President Rabanni. The Higher Courts ceased to function in 1995 although the inferior courts continue to practice “Shiria”, Islamic Law[75]. By 1996 the Taliban were successful in taking the capital city Kabul and establishing a fundamentalist Muslim state. Since 22 February 1998 a fatwa was issued in the name of the 'World Front for Jihad against Jews and Crusaders', signed by bin Laden and the heads of major Islamic movements in Egypt, Pakistan and Bangladesh who were found to be responsible for the 1998 bombing of the American Embassy in Nairobi. It stated as its objective:
'To kill the Americans and their allies - civilians and military - is an individual duty for every Muslim who can do it in any country in which it is possible to do it, in order to liberate the al-Aqsa Mosque [in Jerusalem] and the Holy Mosque [in Mecca]... and to force their armies to withdraw from all the lands of Islam, defeated and unable to threaten any Muslim.'
Although the Taliban held 90% of the country in 1998 the United Nations continued to recognize President Burhanuddin Rabbanni and began an air embargo in November of 1999 that led to an arms embargo in January of 2001[76]. In 2001 the Taliban began a series of repressive acts. On 12 March the Taliban blew up two Buddhist statues against the protest of the international government in contravention to Article 53 of the Geneva Convention that protects cultural objects and places of worship. 22 May non-Muslim minorities were ordered to wear tags identifying their status and Hindu women were required to wear a veil. 14 July the Taliban banned the use of the Internet. 19 July the import of 30 western luxury goods was prohibited. On 5 August the Taleban arrested foreign aid worker on charges of spreading Christianity, a charge punishable by death under their interpretation of, “Sharia”, Islamic law. The 11 September suicide attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon were condemned by the Taleban that protested their innocence and stated the Afghani people were suffering enough already. On 14 September the Northern Alliance announced that their military commander, Massoud, had been killed in a suicide attack. The war with Afghanistan was begun because the US found that there was probable cause to believe that Osama bin Ladin[77] was responsible for both the September 11, 2001 suicide bombings of the World Trade Center and Pentagon and the August 7, 1998 bombing of the American Embassy in Nairobi[78].
The Northern Alliance, joined U.S. special forces in Operation Enduring Freedom that began on October 7, 2001[79] and maintains military dominance although the largely ethnic Tajik commanders from the north who took the capital after the Taliban fled last November conflict with the Pashtuns who tend to consider themselves the natural rulers of the country and complain that they have little influence in the current administration. Mr. Karzai is criticized for belonging to Pashtuns although factions are largely neutral[80].
The worst human rights tragedy to occur in Afghanistan occurred among prisoners who died while being transported to a prison in Shiberghan run by a local warlord, General Dostum. Estimates by a Boston based group that went to investigate discovered mass graves showing that 2,000-3,000 of 8,000 Taliban prisoners sent to Shiberghan had died in overcrowded railway shipping containers. There were reports that guards shot bullets into overcrowded shipping containers until blood ran out of the vents and that nearly dead and unconscious Taliban were hauled out of shipping containers laid out upon the desert and raked with bullets until their death was assured. Article 40 of the 1979 Geneva Convention hors de combat rule prohibits the execution of unconscious and surrendered soldiers who should be given quarter.
U.S. official spent weeks interrogating Taliban and AlQeda suspects eventually releasing 114 prisoners from the Guatanamo Bay Cuba detention center where an estimated 1,000 prisoners of war remain without charge, the facility is designed to hold up to 2,000 and equips all Afghan war prisoners with sleeping gear and a Koran[81]. Prisoners should probably be given some sort of parole or correctional supervision in a Cuban home if it is determined that they present too much political risk to be returned to Afghanistan.
Since the war on Afghanistan began in September 2001, 10,000 tonnes of bombs have fallen. At least 3,600 Afghani civilians were reported killed since the war began in October 2001. Opium production a traditional crop of Afghanistan once banned under the Taliban rule increased from 185 tons in 2001 to 2,700 tons in 2002. The nation is in great need of National Opium Agency Hospital (NOAH) to legitimately purchase, consolidate and sell opium to pharmaceutical companies in accordance with Article 24 of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs[82].
The World Bank estimates that $16.2 billion will be needed to rebuild the Afghani economy in the next 10 years. Although donors have pledged $5 billion in humanitarian aid by 2004 only $45 million have been delivered[83]. U.S. Congressional budget estimates the military operation cost $10.1 billion this 2002. In March of 2002 schools opened for 1.5 million children after being closed for 6 years under Taliban rule, 30% of pupils are girls but 3 million children remain out of school. 96% of Afghani girls and 60% of Afghani boys are illiterate. UNICEF donated 7 million textbooks, 8 million notebooks and 18,000 to 3,000 schools across the country. To encourage foreign language fluency and guarantee that Afghanistan has a single common tongue Article 56 should be amended from,
Citizens of the Republic of Afghanistan have the right free education. The State shall adopt necessary measure for eradication of illiteracy, generalization of balanced education, in mother tongue, ensuring compulsory primary education, gradual expansion of general, technical, professional and vocational education and growth of the system of higher education for training national cadres. In the Republic of Afghanistan the formation of educational and higher education institution by private sector and foreign persons is allowed in accordance with the law.
To,
Citizens of the Republic of Afghanistan have the right free education. The State shall adopt necessary measure for eradication of illiteracy, generalization of balanced education, in mother tongue, Arabic and English that shall serve as common languages, ensuring compulsory primary education, gradual expansion of general, technical, professional and vocational education and growth of the system of higher education for training national cadres. In the Republic of Afghanistan the formation of educational and higher education institution by private sector and foreign persons is allowed in accordance with the law. Students should be compensated a small sum of money for their scholarship as should schools who must keep public record.
B. Constitutional Banking
Afghanistan is attempting to recover from Operation Enduring Freedom that was welcomed as a chance to bring peace and reconstruction to a country run by warlords, ravaged by drought and 20 years of conflict with the Taliban and AlQeda. Many Afghanis report the unlawful search and seizure of cameras, satellite telephones, passports and credit cards by U.S. troops. A conference in Tokyo in January of 2002 unveiled a proposal to grant Afghanistan $4.5 billion a total of only $225 per person rather than the $1,000 per person granted to reconstruction projects in Bosnia, Lebanon, Gaza and the West Bank. Of the $1.8 billion due the first year the cost of international humanitarian aid and four year drought leave only $100 million for reconstruction. $15 billion in international aid is expected to be needed by Afghanistan in the next 10 years. To maximize the return on the investment International Assistance disbursed by the World Bank should be divided between humanitarian aid to the poor, education and the realization of the Loya Jirga. The best administration would be a comprehensive national Social Security number and vital statistic database of Afghani citizens for the administration of relief and voter registration to individuals and institutions in need of funds from the Loya Jirga and the World Bank [84].
The World Food Programme says that half of Afghani families need supplies but remain with only 57% of the food asked for from donors. Britain has about 400 troops in the 5,000 strong international security assistance forces in Kabul. Three British soldiers were killed in combat since the bombing started and 16 Americans have been killed in combat as well as 23 deaths in military aircraft crashes and other duties. 8 foreign journalists were also killed. Almost a quarter of a million Afghanis fled to Pakistan and Iran and another 200,000 fled their homes but remain in Afghanistan[85]. There are 3.5 million refugees from Afghanistan, the highest number of refugees in the world, 2 million are living in camps on the Pakistani border, 1.5 million are living in Iran, 15,400 live in Tajikstan, 8,800 live in Uzbekistan, 1,500 live in Turkmenistan, more than 49,000 have returned since the International Security Forces routed the Taleban[86].
Hamid Karzai, the current president of the Afghanistan Interim Administration, was elected by the grand council of the Loya Jirga, in June of 2000 primarily due to the foreign support of the United States and the United Nations. The U.S. led coalition of the U.S., Britain, U.N, and former king of Afghanistan, Zahir Shah are bound by the rules of the tribal council called the Loya Jirga[87]. The Loya Jirga is composed primarily of Hamid Karzai, the president, Zahir Shah who was king until 1973 when he was overthrown, Burnhanuddin Rabanni, was president from 1992 to 1996 when he was ousted by the Taliban. Mohammid Fadin a Tajik and former Northern Alliance general is the defense minister. Yunis Qanuni is the interior minister who plans to step down, Abdullah Abdullah the interior minister is considered the weakest of the Loya Jirga, Ismael Kahn a mujehadin warlord and governor of Heart and General Abdul Rashid Dostum who is currently facing charges for the massacre at Shiberghan also sit on the council of the Loya Jirga. Otherwise the Loya Jirga is totally dysfunctional and requires funding for the administration to restore Parliamentary democracy.
The Loya Jirga is organized in accordance with Article 66 of the 1990 Constitution[88]. 1) The President and vice-president;
2) Members of the National Assembly;
3) Prime Minister; Deputy Prime Ministers and Members of the Council of Ministers; 4) Chief and Deputy Chief Justices
5) Attorney General;
6) Chairman of the Constitutional Council ;
7) Chairman of the Council of the Provinces; 8) From each Province, Equivalent to the number of their deputies to the Wolesi Jirga (House of Representatives), Elected by the People through Universal Equal, Free, Secret and Direct Ballot. 9) A Maximum of Fifty Persons from among prominent political, scientific, social and religious figures to be appointed by the President.[89].
So that the house of representatives is never again dissolved Article 69 should be amended, it states,
During the time when the house of representatives remains dissolved, its members shall retain their membership of the Loya Jirga till a new house is elected.
Article 69 should read,
Elected members of the Loya Jirga shall be paid _______ per year they serve in office. Retired members of the Loya Jirga and Afghani citizens shall in times of good behavior be rewarded by the Loya Jirga.
The World Bank reconstruction plan should begin administrating relief funds by facilitating a general election to elect two representatives from each province for 5 year terms, two persons from amongst each provincial council for 3 year terms and 50 prominent political, scientific, social and religious figures. The provincial councils will also require assistance to get on the ballot. Voter registration is an important step first step to restoring democracy to Afghanistan that can also be used to get all of the citizenry, irregardless of age, data based in a Social Security account with vital statistic data such as date of birth, medical records, legal records, education records, relief payments, tax payments and changes of address that should be accompanied with the issuance of identification cards and personal, corporate and institutional bank accounts.
The Loya Jirga presents an economic dilemma regarding the balance of the investment funds between government rehabilitation, corporate investment and humanitarian aid. The National Assembly offers to provide the greatest security for an international investment operation as the Loya Jirga has the power under Article 81 to (4) approve of socio-economic plans and (5) approve of the state budget and evaluate its execution. The $100 million reconstruction fund should be adequate to employ the first Loya Jirga and provincial councils upon the basis of their legal literacy. When the institutions are staffed they would provide the infrastructure for safely investing the first year’s $1.8 billion in the people and communities of Afghanistan with the social security of a World Bank account. The focus of the investment should be upon bringing literacy up from 32% by replacing personal weapons with personal computers as the investment of choice. Requested assistance from the United States to Afghanistan is listed at $1 billion, 50% for social security and humanitarian relief, 25% loya jirga and elections, 25% scholarships and schools.
To promote the investment of foreign civilians Article 28 should be amended from,
In the Republic of Afghanistan, no foreign citizen shall enjoy the right to own immovable property. Subject to the approval of the government, immovable property may be sold to diplomatic missions and foreign governments on a reciprocal basis and also to international organization in which the republic of Afghanistan is a member.
To,
In the Republic of Afghanistan, foreign citizens legally residing in Afghanistan shall have equal right to own immovable property so long as they respect the cultural interests of Afghani citizens and obey Afghani and international law. Subject to the approval of the government, immovable property may be sold to diplomatic missions and foreign governments on a reciprocal basis and also to international organization in which the republic of Afghanistan is a member.
C. Real International Base
As military assistance to the nation of Afghanistan has become increasingly benevolent and there is an international presence of troops from all over the world the Interim President of Afghanistan is compelled to capitalize upon the opportunity to sell the right to establish a military base in exchange for the $1.8 billion in relief promised for the first year and promise of $15 billion more in the next 10 years. To lawfully admit such an international base into the country of Afghanistan the President must introduce upon the Loya Jirga this request to amend Article 3 of the 1990 Constitution that states,
The Republic of Afghanistan is a nonaligned country which does not join any military bloc and does not allow establishment of foreign military bases on its territory.
The proposed amendment, that is valued at $1.8 billion in financial assistance from the United Nations the first year and $15 billion in the next 10 years, particularly those nations staffing the proposed international military base should read,
Article 3:
To promote peace, military training, arms control and security of the region by removing land mines and purchasing weapons for disposal and destruction - an international military base owned and partially staffed by the Afghani military has been founded at _______ under the supervision of the Secretary General of the United Nations and the International Court of Just-ice. The base may be closed by the decision of the Loya Jirga, United Nations, nations party to the international base may leave at any time.
The military base cannot be considered a contingency against the $15 billion in humanitarian assistance although it may be considered collateral in recognition for the financial security that the base offer investors. The base must take responsibility to remove land mines for and purchase arms from Afghani citizens and resident aliens for disposal and destruction. The base itself will cost an estimated $100 million every year for its maintenance and staffing plus the price of any airplanes, vehicles and equipment donated by the militaries of the participating nations who may choose to leave the equipment for the Afghani military, sell it to licensed buyers, or take it with them.
IV. IRAQ
[90]National name: Jumhouriyat Al Iraq President: Saddam Hussein (1979) Area: 168,753 sq mi (437,072 sq km) Population (2002 est.): 24,001,816 (growth rate: 2.8%); birth rate: 34.2/1000; infant mortality rate: 57.6/1000; density per sq mi: 142 Capital and largest city (2000 est.): Baghdad, 4,850,000 (metro. area)Largest cities (est. 1987): Mosul, 664,221; Irbil, 485,968; Karkuk (Kirkuk), 418,624; Basra, 406,296 Monetary unit: Iraqi dinar Languages: Arabic (official) and Kurdish Ethnicity/race: Arab 75%–80%, Kurdish 15%–20%, Turkoman, Assyrian, or other 5% Religions: Muslim 97% (Shi'ite 60%–65%, Sunni 32%–37%), Christian or other 3% Literacy rate: 60% (1990) Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2000 est.): $57 billion; per capita $2,500. Real growth rate: 15%. Inflation: 100%. Unemployment: n.a. Arable land: 12%. Agriculture: wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, dates, cotton; cattle, sheep. Labor force: 4.4 million (1989); agriculture n.a., industry n.a., services n.a. Industries: petroleum, chemicals, textiles, construction materials, food processing. Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, sulfur. Exports: $21.8 billion (2000 est.): crude oil. Imports: $13.8 billion (2000 est.): food, medicine, manufactures. Major trading partners: Russia, France, Switzerland, China, Egypt, Vietnam[91]
A. Historical Introduction
The Iraqi Republic was founded after the fall of the Ottoman Empire, in 1920, by the San Remo Peace Conference that established the nation of Iraq as a protectorate of the British giving France 25% of the oil. The British were tired of colonialism and in 1921 the British gave Iraq to King Feisal as a constitutional monarchy. In 1925 a Constitution of the Kingdom of Iraq was drafted[92]. In 1932 Iraq was granted formal independence while British forces crushed the Kurdish opposition. Following the death of King Feisal in 1932 Iraq has suffered an endless cycle of bloody coups and repressive regimes who rise up in ethnic strife with the Kurds from time to time.
General Bakr Sidqi launched a bloody coup against Kind Feisal’s son in 1932 that led to four political shifts in power by 1941 when Britain felt compelled to invade to restore a pro-British government. In 1958 another bloody coup set Quasim in power who followed a pattern of isolationism, rejecting the Arab Union, recognizing the Kurds and breaking with the growing power of the Communists. In 1959 a failed Ba’thist coup is attempted that Quasim survives, 78 conspirators were tried but Saddam Hussein escapes to Syria. In 1961 Kuwait declares independence from Britain. In 1961 the friendship with the Kurds failed and Quasim leads an offensive against the Kurds.
The Ba’ath party led a successful coup in 1963 that led to the execution of Quasim. 1963 a counter coup founded a pro-Nasserist government. In 1968 repeated coups lead to a return to Ba’ath power that established Saddam Hussein as deputy chair of the 15 member Revolutionary Command Council. In 1970 Kurdish autonomy was proclaimed, recognizing the national rights of the Kurds. In 1972 the Ba’thist leadership nationalized the Iraqi Petroleum Company and in 1973 joins with Community Party to found the National Progressive Front that lasted until 1979. Between 1972 and 1974 tensions grew with the Kurds again as the result of a biased land transfer that did not grant the Kurds the oil reserves in Kirkuk, in fact 60% of Iraqi oil comes from traditionally Kurdish land.
In 1979 Saddam Hussein assumed the Presidency from Ahmad Bakr who he later put on house arrest in a dispute over relations with Syria and in 1982 Bakr died in a suspected poisoning. In 1980 the Iran-Iraq War broke out and Iraq was plunged into a long border dispute. In 1982 Saddam attempted to pay redress although his diplomatic bid was refused by the Iranians. The Reagan administration got involved in the dispute by giving arms to Iran between 1985 and 1987 that led to the arrest of 10 White House officials in 1987. In 1987 the USS Stark was attacked with Iraqi missiles but Iran is blamed for the attack. In 1988 Iraq bombs Tehran for the first time. In 1988 1,276 Kurdish villages were massacred with chemical weapons killing 50,000-120,000 Kurds, the source of chemical weapons is probably Iraq. In 1988 after the US attacked several Iranian targets the United Nations had the leverage to broker a peace deal between Iran and Iraq that confirmed Iraqi use of mustard gas. The death toll for the war is estimated at over 1 million Muslim dead: 450,000-730,000 Iranian and 150,000-340,000 Iraqis.
In 1990 an Interim Constitution was drafted for the Republic of Iraq[93] creating a republican dictatorship where Saddam Hussein is not limited by term limits. The National Assembly meets only 2 times a year and may be summoned by special order of the president. There are 30 seats designated to the Kurdish that have gone unclaimed. That same year, in 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait and first came to be monitored by the United Nations Security Council in UNSCR 660 August 2, 1990 that recognized the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait an illegal act of aggression of a nation upon its neighbor. President George Bush I and Richard Cheney declared, “the invasion will not stand” on August 5, 1990. In UNSCR 678 - November 29, 1990 the United Nations determined that Iraq must comply fully with UNSCR 660 and all subsequent relevant resolutions authorizing UN Member States to use all necessary means to restore international peace and security in the area in accordance with Security Council Resolutions.
International Coalition forces took only 45 days to resolve the Persian Gulf War with the surrender of the Iraqis after a 38 day air assault called Operation Desert Storm that dropped 60,624 tonnes of bombs upon Iraq a ground war called Operation Desert Sabre crushed the Iraqi army in only 100 hours[94]. The peace treaty for the Gulf War is UNSCR 686 - March 2, 1991 that states that Iraq must release prisoners from Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, India, Syria, Lebanon, Iran, Egypt, Bahrain and Oman detained during the Gulf War, return Kuwaiti property seized during the Gulf War and accept liability under international law for damages from its illegal invasion of Kuwait. UNSCR 687 - April 3, 1991 determined as the conditions of the peace treaty that must Iraq must declare fully its weapons of mass destruction programs. (1) Iraq must not commit or support terrorism, or allow terrorist organizations to operate in Iraq. (2) Iraq must cooperate in accounting for the missing and dead Kuwaitis and others. (3) Iraq must return Kuwaiti property seized during the Gulf War. (4) accept the international supervision of United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM) to destroy all chemical and biological weapons; ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150 KM, all stocks of agents, nuclear weapon grade radioactive material, related subsystems and components and copy research, development, support and manufacturing facilities (5) Iraq must not use, develop, construct or acquire any weapons of mass destruction. (6) the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) will verify elimination of Iraq's nuclear weapons program. UNSCR 688 - April 5, 1991 Condemns the repression of Iraqi civilian population and finds the consequences threaten international peace and security and Iraq must immediately end the repression of its civilian population and allow immediate access to international humanitarian organizations to those in need of assistance.
Enforcement of the disarmament of Iraq has of course been greeted with rebellion as it conflicts with the states security interest and the inspectors do not speak Arabic or associate closely with the Iraqi administration. UNSCR 707 - August 15, 1991 condemns noncompliance with IAEA and its obligations under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty to halt nuclear activities of all kinds until the Security Council deems Iraq in full compliance ordering Iraq to make a full, final and complete disclosure of all aspects of its weapons of mass destruction and missile programs to UN and IAEA inspectors who must have immediate, unconditional and unrestricted access. Iraq must cease attempts to conceal or move weapons of mass destruction, and related materials and facilities. Iraq must allow UN and IAEA inspectors to conduct inspection flights throughout Iraq. In 1994 an Iraqi military deployment encroaching upon Kuwait was deemed probable cause for UNSCR 949 - October 15, 1994 to condemn Iraq for utilizing its military and security forces in a hostile manner. Iraq was commanded not to threaten its neighbors or UN operations in Iraq and ordered Iraq not to enhance its military capability in southern Iraq where they pose a threat to Kuwait and other Persian Gulf nations.
Weapons inspectors have required repeated Security Council resolutions to enforce unconditional and unrestricted access to military facilities, records and officials under UNSCR 1051 - March 27, 1996 that expanded the international security operation to require Iraq to report shipments of dual-use items related to weapons of mass destruction to the UN and IAEA UNSCR 715 - October 11, 1991 , UNSCR 1060 - June 12, 1996, UNSCR 1115 - June 21, 1997, UNSCR 1134 - October 23, 1997that expanded the unrestricted access clause to include interviews with Iraqi officials, UNSCR 1137 - November 12, 1997,UNSCR 1154 - March 2, 1998, UNSCR 1194 - September 9, 1998 UNSCR 1205 - November 5, 1998 , UNSCR 1284 - December 17, 1999 created the United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspections Commission (UNMOVIC) to replace previous weapon inspection team (UNSCOM)[95].
The current Security Council mission to Iraq, UNMOVIC is founded under UN Resolution 1441 November 27, 2002 that reaffirms the immediate, unconditional and unrestricted access to Iraqi officials and facilities. The Resolution reaffirms previous resolutions to return Gulf War prisoners and calls on Iraq to distribute humanitarian goods and medical supplies to its people so as to address the needs of vulnerable Iraqis without discrimination[96].
The British Foreign & Commonwealth Office released a report upon the human cost of Saddam Hussein’s policies published by the Iraqi Foundation[97]. The fear of repressive policies of the security forces of the military dictatorship has caused 15% of the population to flee. Torture is frequently reported by political prisoners who are held in infamous prisons. The “Mahjar” prison, on the campus of the Police Training College in central Baghdad holds 600-700 prisoners. The prisoners are beaten 2 times a day and receive no medical treatment prisoners rarely survive longer than a year. The prison is booby trapped with a petrol tank bomb and instructions to destroy the building in emergency. Sijn Al-Tarbut, “the casket prison” is located in the 3rd underground level of New Directorate of General Security (DGS) buildings in Baghdad where 100-150 prisoners are held in casket size metal boxes until they confess their crimes or die, these boxes are opened but once a day to allow the prisoners some light and water. Qurtiyya, “the can” is located in the Talbiyyah areas of Saddam City district of Baghdad with 50-60 boxes similar to Sijn Al-Tarbut. A Kurdish prisoner reported that he was interrogated in a 1 meter high cell that he could only sit in for several weeks until he was transferred to a black room where he was fed 1 ½ loaves of bread and hot water (soup) every day for several years. Guards would open the doors once a day to count the prisoners and remove the bodies of those who died of starvation and disease. Torture methods used by the Iraqi security forces who often act without judicial authority are known to be eye gouging, piercing hand with electric drill, suspension from the ceiling for lowering into an acid bath, electric shock, sexual abuse, falaqu where the soles of the feet are beaten with a cane, extinguishing cigarettes on the body, extracting finger and toe nails, and mock executions. The prisons are occasionally subjected to “Prison Cleansing”. In 1984 4,000 people were executed in a single prison, between 1993-98 3,000 prisoners died in Mahjar prison, between 97-99 2,500 were executed and in 2000 only 132 were reported executed. Dangerous political conditions have caused Iraq to have the 2nd highest refugee population in the world, 40,000 “Marsh Arabs” fled to Iran when Saddam drained the marshes, Iraqi citizens are the greatest applicants for asylum in the United Kingdom and there are an estimated 3,600,272 Iraqi refugees who have fled their homeland out of concern for their security.
Iraq has disclosed many of their sites that manufacture, warehouse and deploy various types of weapons and maps have been drafted for the location of these sites. The Central Intelligence Agency has published maps of Iraq: Declared Nuclear Facilities [98], Iraq: Ballistic-Missile-Related Facilities[99] , Iraq: Declared BW-Related Sites [100], Iraq: CW-Related Production and Declared Sites of Deployed Alcohol-Filled or Chemical Agent-Filled Munitions During Desert Storm [101] . UNSCOM, the previous inspection regime, reports that from a quantifiable standpoint the biological, chemical and nuclear weapons capability of Iraq that was a real threat in 1994 was no longer a threat in 1999 after inspectors had disposed of and destroyed them.
B. Peace
Article 10 of the Interim Constitution of Iraq defines social solidarity as the first foundation for the Society, its essence is that every citizen accomplishes his duty in full, and that the Society guarantees the citizen's rights and liberties in full. The primary duty of responsible parties in the current conflict with Iraq is to keep the peace and swiftly remedy the effects of years of mistakes by the repressive regime that has demonstrated willingness to reform and under the terms of this Truce may conclude the Peace and make amends to the People who have been harmed.
Iraq has surrendered to the United Nations a 12,000 page report on the destruction of their biological, chemical and nuclear weapons programmes and paid for the admittance and operation of UNMOVIC weapons inspectors. UNMOVIC has not reported any willful breaches or serious oversights of the treaty although they did discover 10 un-sterilized but empty chemical warheads in a warehouse and are due a $1 million fine for this discovery. Due to the tenseness of the political situation UNMOVIC reports some difficulty interviewing some scientists who claim they wish for witnesses in their favor. The discovery of warheads precipitated a limited surrender from the Iraqi government that stated, “A son of Ghenghis Khan once attacked Baghdad and refused to accept our surrender and killed the leader. Troops can enter Iraq but Baghdad would be suicide.” This truce was not publicly accepted but it should be interpreted as a surrender to civilian relief operations, justice and reason.
Under the Iraqi Interim Constitution Article 57 hi the presidency has the competency to (h) Supervise all the public utilities, official and quasi-official organizations and public sector organizations (i) Directing and controlling the work of Ministries and public organizations and coordinating them. Any civil relief or invasion forces should inform the President of their actions so that their actions may be respected as legitimate civil actions supervised and in co-operation with the Iraqi government.
The Revolutionary Command Council has the competency to enter into a truce and conclude the peace under Article 43 by, (b) Declaring the public mobilization, declaring the war, accepting the truce, and concluding the peace. The Revolutionary Command Council is therefore called upon to ratify this Peace Treaty and conclude the Peace in co-operation with UNMOVIC, other civil relief operations, the press and US Central Command in Kuwait. The terms of the Truce shall be,
1. murder is totally prohibited
2. the use of weapon’s of mass destruction shall be limited to the public demolition of the damn preventing the flow of water to the Southern Marsh and any other approved public projects.
3. entries to the Republic of Iraq must be requested of Saddam Hussein and reported to UNMOVIC for co-operative efforts to Conclude the Peace under flag of truce.
4. this truce shall last until the Vernal Equinox March 20, 2003 when a referendum should decide whether or not the US must withdraw from the Persian Gulf with the consent of Kuwait and Saudi Arabia who may be given the bases and equiptment.
C. Coronation al Saddam Hussein
This Peace is structured in accordance with the IRAC format for legal briefs that lays out the Issues, Rules, Arguments and Conclusion to resolve all the macro legal settlements of the Republic of Iraq under the supervision of the United Nations and President Hussein.
Issues: The strategic issues for successfully executing this truce involve the co-operation of the United Nations, the United States, Great Britain, Iraq, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. The settlement of this Peace Treaty shall benefit the Kurdish people, the Shi’a, the Marsh Arabs, the Palestinian people and the people of Iraq who shall live forever in peace and not be attacked by English speakers amused by the cliché, “attack Iraq” that leads the most diplomatic pens to mysteriously make aggressive overtures by mistake that should not be heeded and there is no justification for murder or aggression.
1. The Iraqi Foundation and the US Secretary of State[102] have entered into an agreement to destroy the damn that blocks the flow of water to the Marsh where the Marsh Arabs used to live that was constructed in contravention to the Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques ENMOD[103]
2. Kurdistan requires recognition of their borders by the United Nations, 50% of the tax revenues from the oil reserves at Kirkuk and guidance to improve the education, health and welfare system of the partially-dependent state.
3. The Iraqi National Congress[104] appears to have sufficient support to found both (a) an opposition party occupying the 30 seats of the Iraqi National Council that is offered to but refused by the Kurdish people in the north with whom these Arabs live and (b) an Iraqi embassy to Great Britain.
4. The Palestinian people and Iraqi Refugees require better assistance from Iraq as the militant pay to the families of suicide bombers merely perpetuates a cycle of violent. Iraqi foreign assistance to Palestine and Iraqis abroad should be directed entirely to help defray medical costs and other social security pursuits, as has begun to be done.
5. The Iraqi Supreme Court has been introduced as the most significant reform in the Draft Permanent Constitution for a New Iraqi[105] that should be integrated with the Iraqi Interim Constitution so as to incorporate changes without losing touch with the values, liberties and institutions of the Constitution of 1990[106]. A two term limit must be set for the President and a 5 year term is recommended as a hand has 5 fingers. It is recommended that Saddam Hussein who ran unopposed in 2002 step down in 2005 so that future Iraqi presidents will be elected every ---5 and ---0 years of the Gregorian Calendar unless Islam offers a more commonly accepted poetic justice.
6. Iraqi prisons must be reformed. Many are substandard and filled with political and religious prisoners who should be compensated a living wage, set free and the prisons that torture closed. Mahjar” prison, . Sijn Al-Tarbut, “the casket prison”, and Qurtiyya, “the can” prison, to name just a few, located in Baghdad should be forfeited, the prisoners paid enough to get a start in a new life under weekly supervision for a number of years determined by a local judge, nationally or internationally approved tribunal[107].
7. Education must be prioritized as the 60% literacy rate must be improved by mandatory and free school for children as well as scholarships to universities for adults. It is acceptable to pay students a living wage if their families are poor and pay a reasonable allowance to the children who must go to school 5 days a week.
8. Improve tourism by renovating the Babylonian ruins as international anthropologic research in co-operative ventures between Iraqi and international anthropologists.
9. Resolve United States disarmament issues by co-operating with the Iraqi military for unil-lateral arms reduction with the understanding that the United States is the greatest arms control suspect and in greatest need of United Nations investigation. A temporary international base in Iraq is definitely in order as it would relieve the subversive military border and should be conducted in the same fashion as Afghanistan with Iraqi ownership, international rent and co-operative humanitarian relief projects staffed by peaceful individuals that do not carry more than handguns unless they encounter hostile fire.
10. Saddam Hussein is clearly a perfect candidate for King of New Iraq. To prevent any assassination attempts he should be elected and if he is wise will present yearly and quarterly issues for the people to vote on.
11. Attempts to assassinate Saddam Hussein, bomb Iraq or the killing of anybody by anybody are crimes of Terrorism 18USC(113B) §2331that should be filed in a court competent to fine the attacker $1 million, ie. the certificate of service on the 1st page.
Rules: These international laws are introduced to the Iraqi National Council for translation and codification as Iraqi law under Article 43 (d) and Article 51 of the Iraqi Interim Constitution and are organized so as to (1) reform the Iraqi Justice System, (2) reform the Iraqi military (3) Amend Article 34 (a) of the Iraqi Interim Constitution granting political asylum to people rather than militants (4) grant the Iraqi National Congress 30 seats of the house to integrate the Draft of a New Permanent Constitution.
1. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court[108] Law Enforcement Code of Conduct[109], Declaration of Protection of All People from Enforced Disappearances[110], Convention against Torture and Other Cruel or Degrading Punishment or Treatment[111] and Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners[112].
2. Spring 1942 Code of Military Justice[113]. Military Police Code of Conduct[114] Protocol Additional to the Geneva Convention and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts [115], 1925 Geneva Protocol[116], The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty NPT[117], APM Convention (Mine-Ban Convention)[118], Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction[119], Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction CWC [120], Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques ENMOD[121] and the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe CFE [122] to demonstrate the arms reduction treaty used in Europe as a model for Middle Eastern military affairs and co-operative arrangements.
3. Amend Article 34 (a) of the Iraqi Interim Constitution to grant political asylum to “people” rather than “militants” as murder is not a noble and worthwhile cause. Foreign assistance to the families of Palestinian suicide bomber and others should cease under this act as it undermines the peace process with Israel and other states. Financial assistance for medical care, education and relief for the poor among the Palestinian people, Kurdish, Marsh Arab and Iraqi refugees is encouraged of the Iraqi government.
4. The Iraqi National Congress[123] should be supported to fund (a) an opposition party occupying the 30 seats of the Iraqi National Council (INC) that is offered to but refused by the Kurdish people in the north with whom these Arabs live (b) INC to integrate the Draft Permanent Constitution for a New Iraqi[124] with the Interim Constitution of 1990[125] upon the acceptance of the majority of the Iraqi National Council and Revolutionary Command Council so that there would be a Permanent Constitution for Iraq recognized by the ICL Country Constitution Index by 2004[126] and (c) INC embassy to Great Britain.
Arguments: There are three issues being argued (1) disarmament (2) reforming the Iraqi government (3) Coronation al Saddam Hussein
(1) The issue of disarmament has been the focus of US and Iraqi foreign policy. The United States has beat around the Bush with wild accusations against the nation of Iraq in regards to weapons of mass destruction that they have publicly forfeited. Iraq has received the best of judgment the UN Security Council had to provide with the mission of UNSCOM and Iraq has publicly surrendered to the United Nations with the admittance and funding of UNMOVIC that is headed by the former IAEA director Hans Blix. There have been no untoward tragedies involved in the investigation and it is highly recommended that UNMOVIC be granted an extension of time to conduct a thorough investigation of the Iraqi military and compare it with the militaries of the United States and other Middle Eastern nations so as to draft an International Conventional Arms Treaty (ICAT) and/or a Middle Eastern Conventional Arms Treaty (MECAT) similar to the 1992 Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe CFE [127]
2. Thanks to Iraq’s long history of compliance with the Security Council it should be possible to substantially liberate the Iraqi people very swiftly by granting opposition candidates from the Iraqi National Congress 30 seats in the Iraqi National Council. This would be an adequate number of seats for the Kurdish and Shia’ people to gain audience with the President who is accessible to the international press. There is no need for any type of coup and the impeachment or detention of Saddam Hussein must be prohibited as it is not just to depose such a leader by any force other than the peaceful integration of law. Opposition candidates should be encouraged and the polling booths internationally monitored.
Saddam Hussein has led his country for over 20 years and is entitled to an adequate number of palaces to house himself, his families and their friends when he retires respected as the leader who led his people to keep the peace for 12 years with the counsel of the United Nations Security Council. Opposition candidates and parties are highly encouraged to be funded by the Iraqi government. Due to the fact Saddam Hussein ran unopposed in 2002 it is necessary to place constitutional safeguards on term limits and perhaps coronate Saddam Hussein King of New Iraq in a new Constitution titled, “the New Iraq Constitutional Estate (NICE).
We hope that President Bush will rule in contravention to Article 1 Section 9 (8) of the US Constitution that states,
No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States.
He could do so innocently by mentioning the electoral candidacy of the kingship of the “New Iraq Constitutional Estate (NICE)” to Saddam Hussein the current President. His diabolical attempt to amend the US Constitution to permit the Bush Family to get a popularly elected King & Queen could be televised for the legislatures and governors to amend Article 1 Section 9 (8).
It was Martin Luther King Jr. who said in his acceptance speech for the Nobel Peace Prize,
I believe that truth and unconditional love is the final word in reality. That is why right temporarily defeated is stronger than evil triumphant.
To become King Saddam Hussein will need to
1. admit to a truce with the United States
2. found a Supreme Court called the Court of Peace (CoP)
3. licenses attorneys as the king or give the job to the Supreme Court
4. be elected by his people
5. have 1 elected Queen
6. give favored children to the court and the Iraqi people for election when he retires
Co-operation and peace talks with Saddam Hussein, who is a fully certified lawyer, are therefore highly encouraged. The swiftest reform of all should be for the Revolutionary Command Council to approve of this peace treaty and appoint (a) the Iraqi National Council embassy to Great Britain, (b) the Iraqi Foundation embassy to the United States of America (c) Iraqi National Council a chance to run for the 30 Kurdish seats to the 250 Iraqi National Council with the vote of the Kurds and the investments of Iraq. For lasting relief it is encouraged that candidates compete democratically for such ministerial seats as the Attorney General, Hospitals & Asylums Secretary, Secretary of Military, Justice and President[128]. The Iraqi Kurdish National Assembly has a 115 member Parliament, the current president is Massud Barzani[129].
Conclusion: Whereas, Iraq has the assistance of UNMOVIC, the Iraqi National Congress and the Iraqi Foundation it should be possible to settle the truce peacefully with a lasting trust with the English language. It is recommended that the United States match funds with Iraq to liberate the oppressed in a short audience with Saddam Hussein valued at $2 billion bi-lateral investment of $1 billion US and $1 billion Iraq.
Kurdistan $250 million Iraqi- Kurdish constitution in English and Arabic.
Southern Marsh $250 million environmental engineer and Marsh Arab settlement
Babylonian Ruins $250 million Babylonian anthropology trust
Iraqi Liberation $250 million 25% prisoner, 25% Court of Peace, 50% schools
Iraqi National Congress $250 million embassy to Britain and 30 seats of Iraqi House
Iraqi Foundation $250 million embassy to the United States and US legislation
UNMOVIC $250 million Conventional Arms Treaty, court $1 million fines
Weapons Inspectors for US / Iraq co-operative bases
Kuwait &
Saudi Arabia $250 million military base reparation
Please dispose of all prohibited weapons, military bases and authorizations of the use of force in a culturally and legally competent fashion with special attention given to fines and peaceful pursuits that could employ retired soldiers and international scholars such as the renovation of Babylonian Ruins and the rehabilitation of the Southern Marsh.
We hope migration to Iraq is done in a civilized fashion with utmost attention to multi-cultural military bases, Babylonian Ruins and Marsh Arabs.
“Homeless US troops should take shelter in Iraqi military bases with the Permission of President Bush & Saddam Hussein where they take and teach mandatory classes in Arabic and English under the supervision of the International Court of Just-ice.”
In TVA v. Hill, 437 US153(1978) the US Supreme Court upheld the Endangered Species Act of 1973 and the US Army Corp of Engineers dismantled a $100+ million partially constructed damn as the result of complaints of threatened environmental damage to the endangered snail darter and to protect the forest that remains protected to this day. Whereas the Iraqi Foundation and Secretary of State Colon Powell have contracted to demolish the damn blocking the flow of water to the Southern Marshes. Saddam Hussein, UNMOVIC and the press should investigate and attend the ceremony. It is recommended that a base of international environmental engineers be appointed in the Southern Marsh. The engineers, anthropologists and politicians may not be more heavily armed than a handgun and must declare explosive plans to the press and the government. Programs must be funded with matching Iraqi and United States funds to rehabilitate the Marsh and serve as an embassy for Marsh Arabs[130], anthropologists[131], [132], tourists, Iraqi refugees and US ambassador troops approved by the Senate on the basis of the declaration that,
Military bases are forfeit to multi-national troops working under the joint command of the host nation, Iraq in this case, and visitor nation, USA in this case, under the supervision of the United Nations Security Council, World Bank and Court of Justice.
The US Senate[133] is called upon to ratify this Peace Treaty. The US Supreme Court is called upon to pass Judgment on the Armed Forces Retirement Home Trust Fund[134], Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfield’s is called upon to pay $10 billion to the World Bank, the Iraqi President $1 billion and the Afghani President $1 billion in accordance with the Armed Forces Retirement Home Talks for complete peace with the Koran[135].
Hospitals & Asylums © Spring Equinox Edition
Please forgive all truculent comments made this past season.
Publish this Treaty in Title 24 US Code Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home § 446
Year: March 20, 2003
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A worthy trust to pay, hold peace talks and publish peace treaties. 1-800-332-3527 , USSAH11@
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131 Martin Luther King Jr. Acceptance speech for the Nobel Peace Prize. I believe that truth and unconditional love is the final word in reality. That is why right temporarily defeated is stronger than evil triumphant. (were it possible for the US and Iraq to hold a truce for a year President Saddam Hussein and President Bush would be nominated as candidates for the Nobel Peace Prize, hereby)
Anthony J. Sanders, the author, accepts all donations sent to Hospitals & Asylums. 2601 Melrose Ave. B-100, Cincinnati, Ohio 45206, USA sanderstony2000@. Money will go towards the rehabilitation of Title 24 US Code Hospitals & Asylums and the liberation of its people.
World Court
International Court of Justice, Peace Palace, 2517 KJ The Hague, The Netherlands
International Criminal Court. P.O. Box 19519, 2500 CM. The Hague, Netherlands U.N. Security Council. Room S-3520, United Nations, New York, NY 10017 USA
The World Bank, 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20433 USA
Kim Jong Il, Chairman of the National Defense Commission, (King of) North Korea
&
Rho Moo Hyun, President of South Korea
v.
George Bush, President of the United States of America
The White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20500, USA
Foreign Relations 306 Hart Senate Office Building, Washington D.C. 20510-1401
Secretary of Defense, 1000 Defense Pentagon, Washington, DC 20301-1000
Hospitals & Asylums[136]. 2601 Melrose Ave. B-100, Cincinnati, Ohio USA
Sanderstony2000@ Legal Fines $3 billion[137]
US Supreme Court, Washington DC, 20543-0001
Submitted for Publication in Title 24 Hospitals & Asylum U.S. Code Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home Part III Peace Treaties §447
Korean Peace
Treaty
I. United Nations
A. Historical Introduction 46
B. Summary Judgment 51
II. North Korea
A. Historical Introduction 53
B. Constitution of Korea 56
III. South Korea
A. Historical Introduction 60
B. Unification Vote 62
IV. Single Korean Yearbook
A. Border Year 63
B. Poor Relief Administration Yearbooks 67
I. United Nations
A. Historical Introduction
On June 2000 it was decided to unify Korea at the First summit meeting between the leaders of North and South Korea[138] for which Kim Dae-jung was awarded the Nobel Peace prize. As both leaders remain firmly in favor of unification Kim Jong-il, National Defense Commissioner of North Korea and Roh Moo Hyun, President of the South Korea must exercise their executive authority to order a co-operative military Border Year (BY) to remove fences and mines from the demilitarized zone and civilian database of all Korean nationals under the Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) this July 2003. The transition must be crowned with a Constitution of Korea (CoK) and consideration should be given to the election of Kim Il Jong as King of Korea by the votes of North[139] and South[140] Koreans. When Korea is secured under a Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) the World Bank[141] would pass the Hospitals & Asylums Trust (HAT) at the UN General Assembly[142].
With its Western name deriving from the kingdom of Koryò (918-1392), Korea has a long history of political, economic and social development. The political culture is strongly influenced by the legacy of Neo-Confucianism, which was the determining standard for daily life and public administration for several centuries. Preference of formal learning over practical skills, a highly centralized administration, factional strife and a lack of political compromise are only some features of traditional Korean politics.
It took until the opening at end of the 19th century for Western ideas to come to Korea. The current system of legislation and the first Korean constitution originated from the Kabo reforms of 1894, but what followed was the loss of independence to Japan after the treaties of protection (1905) and annexation (1910). After the liberalization in 1945, the country was divided into two spheres of influence by the Soviet Union and the USA roughly along the 38th parallel. UNKIRK a United Nations Korean Integration Rehabilitating Korea project was instituted but lasted only from 1943-45. In the midst of the Cold War between the superpowers, the division became permanent with the foundation of the Republic of Korea (ROK) in the South and the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK) in the North. The antagonism between the two parts of Korea and their supporters led to the Korean War (1950-1953), which is seen in Korea as the biggest national tragedy that overshadows relations on the Korean peninsula to the present day.
Through Special Economic Zones like the one in Namp'o and in the North Eastern Rajin-Sònbong area, the first cautious experiments with alternative economic models are being made, although a Joint Venture Law was introduced already in the 1980s. After the end of the Soviet Union, the unchallenged closest ally of North Korea became the People’s Republic of China. The Russian Federation recently began trying to reestablish its formerly good relations with the DPRK and is committed to become a decisive force on the Korean peninsula. Currently, a large number of Western countries including Germany have decided to establish formal diplomatic relations with the DPRK, thereby trying to end the unproductive and dangerous isolation of the last decades. There are signs that Russia and China could form together with the DPRK a counter-balance to the tripartite alliance of the USA, Japan and the ROK in East Asia to facilitate Korean Union.[143]
The Unification of East and West Germany in 1990 is the best international precedence for the unification of North and South Korea and in 1993 the Inter Action Council published the Lessons of the German Unification Process for Korea that continues to urge,
1. The leaders of South and North Korea must agree to meet -- without preconditions -- as soon as possible.
2. From a humanitarian view point, both governments should permit immediate visits and unrestricted communications between members of separated families in South and North Korea
3. To enhance mutual confidence between the two Koreas, both governments should legalize travel by the citizens of the two Koreas and foreign guests to and from South and North Korea[144].
4. The census of a Single Korean Yearbook (SKY).
It is estimated that it will take Germany some 10 to 15 years in order to overcome East/West inequalities in prices and wages particularly in the industrial sector. In the housing sector it may well require half a century. Total Equality is estimated at two generations. The unification treaty stipulated that only state-owned enterprises, firms, and houses in East Germany were to be privatized and that, in principle, should be accomplished through restitution to the former owners of properties or their heirs (1.8 million claims were registered). This has lead to fairly difficult legal situations as it could take some 10 to 15 years before each individual case is solved. German unification has demonstrated that the re-establishment of the unity of a country even after a long period of division and difficulties is possible and that unification can be achieved in a democratic, peaceful way.
Germany and Korea were both divided in the wake of World War II against the background of rivalry between the capitalist West and the communist East. In both countries, the hope for reunification was slim during the Cold War period. Unlike Germany, North and South Korea had fought a ferocious war. The two Germanys, unlike the two Koreas, concluded a system of treaties to regulate relations at the official level and to secure a modicum of civil contacts and communications among the people. On the Korean peninsula, North Korea remains to this very day a hermetically closed society. No information flows uncontrolled into the country, access to foreign radio and television broadcasts is non-existent and no contact is permitted with the outside world, not even the exchange of letters. Travel both inside the country and abroad is subject to approval and regulation. Article 67 of the DPRK Socialist Constitution of 1998 has alleviated legal barriers to the freedom of speech, the law states,
Citizens are guaranteed freedom of speech, of the press, of assembly, demonstration and association.
There are significant differences in the economic constellations of Germany and Korea. The population ratio between East and West Germany was 1:4, while for North and South Korea this ratio stands at 1:2. In 1990, North Korea is believed to have experienced an economic decline of 3.7% and in 1991 of 5.2%. South Korea has continued to achieve rapid economic growth in the past decades. This has brought about an ever-widening income gap. Today, the per capita income of the South is at least five times that of the North. This alone will make economic integration between North and South an exceedingly tough and complex task. North Korean GDP per capita corresponds to some 16% of that of South Korean, while East German GDP per capita stood at 25 % of West Germany's at the time of unification. North Korea's trade volume stood at US$4.7 billion in 1990 and US$ 2.7 billion in 1991. The decrease resulted from a slump in imports. South Korea's trade volume reached US$153 billion dollars in 1991. China and the former Soviet Union accounted for some 70% of North Korea's trade. Instead of barter or compensation trade arrangements of the past, they now demand payment in hard currencies which North Korea lacks. North Korea used to import millions of barrels of oil yearly from the former Soviet Union against coal and other raw materials, but currently it receives only 40,000 barrels producing an energy crunch with serious repercussions for industrial production and living standards. The utilization of industrial capacities has actually fallen 40%.
The gap between East and West German labor costs is probably higher than is the case for Korea. In Germany, gross labor cost increased following unification due both to the assimilation of wage levels towards levels prevailing in the West and to the introduction of the costlier social security system of the West. The Korean social security system is not very costly compared to the German. In general, South Korea has not the capacity to bear the full cost of unification and might need to resort to higher domestic taxation and large scale external investment. Article 22 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights defines social security as the acceptance of international law by a state.
The absence of any private ownership in North Korea complicates unification and China is requested offer at least US$1 billion for the unification of Korea under a Single Korean Yearbook (SKY). South Korea appears to be prepared to extend economic and social cooperation should such a course materialize. Political decisions must be thoroughly interfaced and coordinated with economic policies and requirements. The transformation of a command economy calls for a most detailed planning in all areas. One factor of resistance to a transition may be the huge North Korean army, certain to be demobilised and fearful of large-scale unemployment. It is estimated that in a big bang context, South Korea will have to transfer annually 8% of its GDP to the North for a 10-year period. Under more gradual conditions, some 3% of GDP may be required. To achieve parity in living standards might take more than 30 years. The unification of a country cannot be accomplished in the short and medium term without weakening the growth base of the economy - irrespective of the approach chosen. South Korean savings will need to be utilised as will be resort to foreign capital. Care should be taken that savings will not be diverted for consumption as this would undermine the economic base of the country. South Koreans must be aware that during the transition period their general economic conditions will change. As a result of unification, there will be an excess demand for capital and an excess supply of labor. In response, Government expenditures need to be reallocated and switched from the South to the North.
The objective of unification is to introduce some elements of a market economy. In the process of privatization of hitherto North Korean owned enterprises, priority should be given to service and tourism establishments, such as hotels, as many visitors may be expected from the South. Agriculture must be subsidized as disastrous industrialization policies in post-war North Korea led to a loss of the peasantry that led to an agricultural deficit so severe that South Korea supplies 50% of grain products to North Korea.
Public infrastructure - roads, energy, transportation, telecommunication, hospitals, schools and so on - are a precondition to make an economy function. Institutions administering a more market-oriented economy must be built and it must be decided what they will do and how they will be financed, where and in which time span. There will also be the need for massive human capital investment in terms of on-the-job and vocational training and retraining as well as the temporary transfer of managers, entrepreneurs and skilled administrators. Special adjustments will be required in the educational field, including new education curricula. At universities, the qualifications of university teachers and administrators should be reviewed. Present social welfare programs must be expanded to accommodate North Koreans. The most desirable process would be a gradual integration through a network of reinforcing cooperative mechanisms and interactions so that the people of both societies can develop mutual trust and confidence.
In 1991, North and South Korea signed one overall treaty including the provision that it would absorb the armistice agreement of 1953. This treaty - which is more elaborate than the Basic Treaty of 1972 between East and West Germany - remains unimplemented. The major task is to deal with 10 million divided families; this should not necessarily lead to a massive movement of people. Rather, people should initially be allowed to meet each other at any place, time and condition. National reunification between North and South Korea is on the face of it an intra-national issue. To create conditions conducive for unification and for stability on the Korean peninsula and in North-East Asia entails international implications. A sudden collapse of the North Korean regime may open the border on the Korean peninsula overnight just as the flood triggered by the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989. In the German case, the influence of the four powers - especially the Soviet Union - was very important. In the case of Korea, the relations with the neighbouring powers are quite different. Korea is a very small country compared to its neighbors and has never threatened the security of the surrounding nations.
The way in which the Chinese look at the Korean peninsula will be of great importance in the future. The United States of America and the South-East Asian states can also be considered as neighbours vis-a-vis the seas. The four major powers and the group of medium-sized powers in South-East Asia should be considered as future economic partners and approached accordingly. Korea should also address itself to the capacity for fierce competition between a future united Korea and advanced Japan corporations and industries. Korea right now is a country of 43 million people, after reunification it will be around 60 million. Sixty million Koreans are not an order of magnitude to match either the 150 million Russians or the 1 billion Chinese or the 120 million Japanese. Yet, a united Korea must be considered a major factor in the Far East and in the world economy as a whole.
A solution of the nuclear armament issue will be a precondition for the resumption of the dialogue and economic cooperation between the two Koreas. The international community is concerned at the specter of North Korea acquiring nuclear arms and thus violating the nuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT). Beyond that, there must be assurances about the future military set-up of a united Korea. The adherence to the NPT is but one aspect. A Korea of 60 million will be quite a force to reckon with. To assure all neighboring countries of Korea's peaceful intentions in the future, there must be unequivocal commitments that Korea does not intend to change any borders but the North, South Korean border - as was done by the German Parliament with respect to the Polish border.
In the Korean equation, the American expatriate community plays an important part. It has set up joint ventures with North Korea and has thus become a stakeholder in the future of North Korea. Thought should be given whether and how the United States Embassy (USE) could be brought into preparations for unification and the United States military base used to remove all mines and fences from the North and South Korean border. International consultations should address the political and security aspects of Korean reunification - as was done for Germany with respect to NATO membership, the size of the future German army and the principles of unification in political terms. In addition, economic implications must be included.
Similar to the 4+2 formula applied in resolving the international dimensions of German unification, one could conceivably think of a comparable mechanisms based on a 4+2+1+1 formula, i.e. China, Japan, Russia and United States + North Korea and South Korea + ASEAN + expatriate Korean community. All powers and groups with an interest and a stake in Korean unification would thus be able to meet, discuss the pending issues and prepare a package solution that would generate confidence, stability and development.
A united and stable Korea is not only in the interest of North-East Asia, but the world at large. To underpin unification, Korea would need substantial international economic and financial support. While Japan is still recording huge annual trade surpluses - in 1992 to the tune of US$130 billion - its fellow global co-financier for many years, Germany, is no longer a surplus country following unification. Thus, the burden falling on Japan will inevitably increase adding to its present levels of development assistance and support for the transformation of Eastern Europe. As North Korea is very poor in infrastructure, such as roads, harbours, railroads, communications and power supplies, massive investments will need to be directed to these areas following unification. The flow of private investments must be intensified, not only from Japan. As a first step, South Korea should become more closely associated with existing international economic cooperation such as the US military base[145].
B. Summary Judgment
It is the opinion of Hospitals & Asylums (HA) that the United States Secretary of Defense (USSOD) owes roughly $1 billion to Korea in reparation for the long-term unemployment of his Korean troops who would like to spend just 1 Border Year (BY) as a US Military Base that must be integrated with Korean troops, 25% North and 25% to ensure cultural competence that must be enforced with mandatory English and Korean language courses in law, culture and military science. The mines and fences must be removed from the demilitarized zone (DMZ) and international Poor Relief administrated to alleviate the poverty of North Korea with the census of a Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) that establishes a unified identification database administrated by Korea.
The US should invest $1 billion US to be spent 25% border relief and 75% poor relief and administrated regularly throughout 2003 by the Korean government. South Koreans must match this $1 billion as an initial investment into the equalization of the North Korean Per Capita GNP US$1390 with the US$10,550 South Korean Per Capita GNP so that Korea that must be support a unified taxation system under the Single Korean Yearbook (SKY). North Korea would likewise have to invest $1 billion to relieve the per capita income deficit of North Korean citizens as they do not have a taxation system it is recommended that they initially merely declare State Property and submit to tax investigation that would liquefy assets when the tax system is operational and North Korea would pay their $1 billion to the SKY when other investment is running low.
Until North Koreans have an equal wage South Korea will have to invest generously and is encouraged to seek the partnership of Japan, China, the United States and Russia to offset the income differential between North and South Korea,
Population GDP Per Capita
|North Korea |24 million |US$22 billion |US$1390 |
|South Korea |48 million |US$475 billion |US$10,550 |
From these numbers we can determine
1. The South Korean economy is 21.5 times larger than the North Korean economy.
2. Per Capita South Koreans make 7.59 times more than North Koreans.
3. There are a total of 72 million people in Korea.
4. 1/3 of Koreans live in North Korea.
5. To be economically equal North Korea would need US $219.84 billion.
The initial US$3 billion must be invested in border removal and a Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) that taxes, identifies, pays and registers all Korean citizens as voters without discrimination on the basis of nationality, race, gender, religion, adjudication or age.
Ethnic tension would be alleviated if the US Secretary of Defense would give half the military base with planes, training and English school to Korea who would supply troops and a Korean school. This military deal would be an excellent security for US-Korean investment so that the military could remove the border while civilian Korean government consolidates the census to administrate the Single Korean Yearbook (SKY).
1. US$500 million Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) immediately administrating US$1.5 billion to offset Korean Poverty (KP).
2. North Korea would initially pay with the demonstration of equity and when their
Industry submits to taxation would pay another $1 billion to the SKY.
The Hospitals & Asylums Trust (HAT) could be passed by the World Bank at the United Nations General Assembly for the coronation of the Constitution of Korea (CoK). The Korean People (KP) would need to elect such a figurehead to accompany the President, Parliament and Ministers. A North Korean king would offset complaints that North Korea, that is less populated, is not adequately represented in the National Ministries. A monarch would also ensure a common heritage for the Korean Integrated National Government (KING) in defense of the family. The Korean Parliament (KP) would need to be supported by proportional representation in a new Constitution of Korea (CoK). With the security of the Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) South Korea could devote an estimated 5% of their GDP, US $23.75 billion, to the North Korean people. If the estimates of the Inter-Action Council are correct this transfer supplemented with international investment and supervised to ensure competent investment this South Korean charity would permit the Korean Peninsula income equality in 12 years. This is clearly a large sum of money that is primarily invested in industrial and professional capital that could be largely administrated by the movement of Southern industry and Social Security payments for professionals such as doctors and lawyers to the North who could be taxed to afford supplemented payments to the poor, schools and hospitals. The North Korean economy, in time, would achieve the Juche ideals of independence, self-sustenance, and self-defense at South Korean levels of income as Citizens of Korean.
II. North Korea
Full country name: Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Area: 120,410 sq km (46,959 sq mi), Population: 24 million, Capital city: P'yongyang, People: Korean, Language: Korean, Religion: All religion was effectively prohibited since the 1950s although recent amendments in 1998 have restored the freedom of religion Government: Communist 'dynasty', one-man dictatorship, Chairman of the National Defense Commission (highest post held by a living person): Kim Jong Il, Eternal President: Kim Il-sung, GDP: US$22 billion, GDP per head: US$1390, Annual growth: -5%, Inflation: N/A, Major industries: Military products, machinery, electric power, chemicals, mining, metallurgy, textiles, food processing, Major trading partners: China, Japan, South Korea, Germany, Hong Kong, Russia.
In the DPRK, leftist political forces gradually took over power since the liberation on August 1945. While Christian and nationalist groups originally had a very strong position with large numbers of followers, they were either integrated or destroyed by the Worker's Party. This communist party itself was not a homogeneous body; it consisted of a number of factions, namely those who re-immigrated from China (Yenan-faction), the communists who stayed in Korea during the colonial period, and those who were supported by the Soviet Union. The latter were further split into those who actually were Soviet-Koreans, having been born and educated in the Soviet Union, and those partisans who turned to the neighboring country for help during the occupation of Korea by the Japanese. The latter, called Kapsan-faction, was headed by 33 year old Red Army Major Kim Il-sung, who was selected by the Soviet military to serve as the puppet leader of the new Republic. Very much to Moscow's surprise, Kim Il-sung managed to escape the unilateral influence by the Soviet Union by skillfully maneuvering between the latter and the PR China, thereby securing himself a certain degree of independence from both large neighbors. After the pressure against leftist political groups grew too high under the American military government South of the 38th parallel, communists from that part of Korea massively fled to the North and formed another communist splinter group.
After a bloody factional strife in the years 1945-1958, Kim Il-sung's Kapsan faction finally won a complete victory and exclusively determined the DPRK's political scene ever since. Article 11 of the constitution reads: "The DPRK shall operate all of its activities under the leadership of the Worker's Party of Korea". Formally, other parties exist, but they are integrated into a typical socialist umbrella organization which is strongly dominated by the Worker's Party. The lack of plurality in opinion is seen as one of the major structural weaknesses of the DPRK's political system. Another striking feature is the personality cult around Kim Il-sung, which survived the end of similar appearances in the Eastern Bock, grew constantly and resulted in the creation of a religion-like worship of him, his family and his teachings. Among the latter, the Chuch'e (Juche)-Idea is the most important one. It is dubbed the North Korean version of socialism, combining a simplistic adaptation of Marxist, Leninist, Stalinist and Maoist thoughts with traditional Korean values. Independence and "everything by our own force" is the central theme of Chuch'e, especially in the fields of ideology, politics, economy, and defense. Man is the master of all things, and the individual can only be free in the context of his collective and under the guidance of a leader. Article 63 of the constitution emphasizes the principle of "one is for all and all are for one". The preamble of the constitution states that Chuch'e is the basis of the DPRK, as does article 3. In the preamble alone, the name Kim Il-sung appears more than 15 times, reflecting his extremely dominant role for the North Korean state. After his death in 1994, following the father's will Kim Jong-il effectively and from 1997 formally took over power in the DPRK. The parliament (Supreme People's Assembly, articles 87-99 of the constitution) has all the supreme sovereign power, but only formally. Since Kim Il-sung is regarded as the eternal president (see preamble), this office is left free. Kim Jong-il rules as the chairman of the National Defense Commission (articles 100-105) and General Secretary of the Worker's Party. Remarkable is the dual power structure in the DPRK, with a parallel leadership by the Worker's Party often dominating the decisions of the executive. The military controls its own part of the national economy and is independent from the central planning of civil enterprises.
North Korea finds itself in a very favorable position concerning raw materials and the potential for hydroelectric energy. Furthermore, the biggest part of the heavy and chemical industry built up during the Japanese occupation was situated on the area of the DPRK. On the other hand, the natural conditions for agriculture (climate and arable land) are much worse than in the South, where agriculture and light industry were concentrated. Far reaching reforms were started as early as 1946, including a land reform, formal equality for women and introduction of the 8-hour workday. After the Korean War, the Eastern Block had to strongly support the DPRK economically in a showcase competition with the West. The DPRK leadership quickly realized the opportunity and squeezed a remarkable amount of aid mainly out of the Soviet Union, the PR China, East Germany, Poland and Czechoslovakia. With the help of this aid, destroyed cities, infrastructure and production facilities were rebuilt, simultaneously laying the foundation for a modern economy. The DPRK never was a member of the military and economic alliances in the Eastern block (Warsaw Treaty and Council of Economic Cooperation), by this ambivalence keeping high the pressure on the Soviet Union to win over the support and loyalty of P'yòngyang. Between1945-1958: In a bloody factional strife, Kim Il-sung's Kapsan faction eventually wins a complete victory and exclusively determines the DPRK's political scene. A crucial situation for the DPRK was the conflict between the two socialist superpowers starting at the end of the 1950s. Kim Il-sung first avoided to explicitly take sides and managed to conclude Mutual Assistance Treaties with both Beijing and Moscow in 1961. Nevertheless, the Soviet Union proved to be an unreliable ally after the official condemnation of Stalinism at the 20th party congress under Chrustchev and the retreat during the Cuba crisis. At a time when in South Korea the military took power, Kim Il-sung needed an ally who would support him in case of war. So, economic prosperity was traded against military security, and the DPRK sided with the PR China at least until the mid-1960s. That marked the beginning of an economic downturn which has resulted in today's complicated situation. The mass use of work as production factor is characteristic for North Korea's economic policy and has long reached its limits. As in South Korea, the constitution contains both the right (article 70) and the duty to work (article 83). The Chòllima-Movement encourages the people to work hard and harder to make great leaps forward. The access to capital is limited, especially since the DPRK faces harsh boycotts internationally. Major sources for hard currency are the well organized pro-DPRK Korean community in Japan, raw materials like gold and exports of weapons. Kim Il-sung and his son and heir Kim Jong-il use(d) to travel around the country and giving thousands of so-called on-the-spot-guidance. That covered nearly all kinds of decisions from the right time for seeding rice to the best area to build dams, educating the children, producing films and economic management. Like the Chòllima-movement, the two most important management methods originated is such a guidance. The Ch'òngsanri-method for agriculture aims at the integration of the ordinary people's opinion into the actual administrative work by the cadres, who are encouraged to "go down" to the basis and listen to the citizens. It is explicitly named and described in article 13 of the constitution. The Taean-system for the industry is of similar content, prescribing a collective leadership of production facilities by managers and a party committee, the latter containing workers from the basis. People's property and cooperative property still coexist, but the latter is to be gradually replaced (article 23). In the view of capital shortage and the limitations of extensive investment policies, technological development is given the highest priority in economic activities (article 27).
The weak overall performance of the DPRK economy, the lack of global integration and a number of natural disasters like flood or drought catastrophes in the 1990s led to insufficient food production, resulting in hunger with an unknown number of casualties. In 1994, the USA were on the brink of a military intervention when the DPRK rejected to stop its nuclear program. With the Agreed Framework, economic support is given to the DPRK in exchange for freezing its nuclear program and thereby a nuclear threat. The responsible organization is the Korea Energy Development Corporation (KEDO), financed by the USA, Japan, South Korea and many other countries including Germany. Another sense of urgency was created by the DPRK's missile program, which to a large extent served as the pretext for the USA's missile defense program.
For many observers, the DPRK remains a mystery since there is hardly any trustable information available, especially in economic statistics and the inner workings of the political circles. This combines with repeated acts of terrorism and espionage. In the last years, the number and scale of such acts is declining, leading to the assumption of a cautious rapprochement course by P'yòngyang's leadership. Like 50 years ago in the conflict between the Soviet Union and China, in the present time the DPRK skillfully exploits the complicated situation in the Asia-Pacific region. The goals of this policy are the security of the country's political system and maximizing economic assistance.
Japan, China and South Korea should invest in the DPRK. The reunification of Korea is the most important political goal (article 9 of the DPRK's constitution of 1998). The USA with its military presence in the ROK regarded as an occupation, and the ROK government, which is dubbed puppets of Washington, are the most important political enemies. In this respect the recent negotiations and the historical summit meeting of Kim Dae-jung with Kim Jong-il in P'yòngyang of June 2000 are remarkable developments.
The current North Korean constitution was adopted in1998 as the result of amendments in the 1972, 1992 and 1998 DPRK constitutions, see Vanin, Yuri: Changes in the Constitutional System of North Korea, in: Far Eastern Affairs, No. 2, 1999, pp. 36-50[146].
B. Constitution of Korea
The DPRK Socialist Constitution of 1998 establishes a democratic form of government in North Korea that has been ruled by Kim Il Song from 1958 to 1994 and by his son Kim Jong Il from 1997 to the present. The constitution is most notable for eschewing taxation in Article 25 paragraph 2 and should continue amending as a regional constitution when the South Korean Constitution is slightly amended to become the Constitution of Korea (CoK). Whereas Kim Jong Il is a hereditary leader devoted to the unification of the Korean people it behooves him to submit himself to the Korean people for election as King of Korea recognized in the Constitution of Korea (CoK). The people could likewise elect his heir from amongst those children that he nominates. A king and queen of Korea would be a great symbol of Korean pride, unity and family who could live forever beneath the Single Korean Yearbook (SKY).
Under Article 6 of the DPRK Socialist Constitution the Structure of the State is as follows,
1. Article 87-99 Supreme People’s Assembly (SPA)
2. Article 100-105 National Defense Commission
3. Article 106-116 SPA Presidium
4. Article 117-130 Cabinet
5. Article 131-138 Local People’s Assemblies
6. Article 139-146 Local People’s Committees
7. Article 147-162 Public Procurator and Court
Under Article 9 of the DPRK Socialist Constitution of 1998
The DPRK shall strive to achieve the complete victory of socialism in the northern half of Korea by strengthening the people’s power and vigorously performing the three revolutions -- the ideological, cultural and technical -- and reunify the country on the principle of independence, peaceful reunification and great national unity.
To achieve the ideal of Korean unification North Korea will need to make several amendments under Article 97 paragraph 3 so that the North and South Korean constitutions will be compatible. Amendments dealing primarily with economic principles of free trade, taxation and voting are proposed in the list below,
a. Article 20 states,
In the DPRK, the means of production are owned only by the State and social cooperative organizations.
Should be amended to read,
In Korea the means of production are owned and traded by the State, social co-operative organizations and private corporations.
b. Article 21 should be amended from,
The property of the State belongs to the entire people.
There is no limit to the property which the State can own.
Only the State possesses all the natural resources, railways, airports, transportation, communication organs and major factories, enterprises, ports and banks.
The State shall guarantee giving priority to the growth of its property which plays a leading role in the development of the national economy.
To read,
Article 21 The property of the State belongs to the people.
The State supervises all the natural resources, railways, airports, transportation, communication organs and major factories, enterprises, ports and banks.
The State shall guarantee equal and open contracting with state and private entrepreneurs for the growth of its property in order to develop the national economy.
c. Article 25 that states,
The DPRK regards the steady improvement of the material and cultural standards of the people as the supreme principle of its activities.
The constantly-increasing material wealth of society in our country, where taxes have been abolished, is used entirely for promoting the well-being of the working people.
The State shall provide all working people with every condition for obtaining food, clothing and housing.
Should be amended to read,
d. Article 25. The DPRK regards the steady improvement of the material and cultural standards of the people as the supreme principle of its activities.
Taxation is used entirely for promoting the well-being of the people.
The State shall provide all people with work to provide a condition so that everyone may obtain food, clothing, medical treatment, education and housing.
e. Article 66 that states,
All citizens who have reached the age of 17 have the right to elect and to be elected, irrespective of sex, race, occupation, length of residence, property status, education party affiliation, political views or religion.
Citizens serving in the armed forces also have the right to elect and to be elected. A person who has been disenfranchised by a Court decision and a person legally certified insane do not have the right to elect or to be elected.
Should be amended to read,
All citizens have the right to elect and be elected irrespective of sex, race, occupation, age, length of residence, property status, education, party affiliation, social class, political views, adjudication or religion.
This amendment would give every North Korean resident, including children and slaves who are most subject to the sometimes bizarre whims of the State, the right to vote in both local and national elections to uphold Article 17 that states,
Independence, peace, and solidarity are the basic ideals…of the DPRK…the State shall promote unity… and class emancipation.
This equal suffrage policy would be a great human rights platform during unification to end the fascist oppression of age and Attorney General Executions (AGE) that deprive nations around the world of the sound judgment of their children and oppressed people while ensuring that all Koreans and their honored guests are registered to cast their 1 vote under the supervision of counsel who would explain the issues and candidates[147].
III. South Korea
Full country name: Republic of Korea, Area: 99,373 sq km (38,369 sq mi), Population: 48 million,Capital city: Seoul (pop 10.6 million), People: Koreans, expats (mostly American) Language: Korean, Religion: Christianity, Buddhism, Confucianism, Shamanism, Government: republic, President: Kim Dae-jung, Prime Minister: Lee Han Dong, GDP: US$475 billion, GDP per head: US$10,550, Annual growth: 2%, Inflation: 4%, Major industries: Shipbuilding, cars, machinery, electronics, machinery, chemicals, textiles, Major trading partners: USA, Japan, Germany
A. Historical Introduction
The Constitution, adopted on 17 July 1948, was amended in 1952, 1954, 1960, 1950-1953: Korean War, 1962, 1972, 1980, and on 29 Oct 1987. In 1960 the Constitution was amended by the Student Revolution. The first president, Rhee Syngman, had to step down and go into exile after massive student protests against the corruption under his leadership. The constitution established a parliamentary system with a Prime Minister. Under the new liberal conditions, chaos ruled, catalyzed by a lack of external support for the government of Chang Myon. In 1954:
In 1961-1979 Park Chung Hee gained power in a military coup and holds the Presidency. He installed a law that forces foreigners to seek government approval for continued ownership of land; anti-communists were forced to suppress any signs of democratic movement, directing all resources of the ROK into an economic development program; military dominated the whole society, including politics and the economy
In 1972 the South Korean Constitution was amended as the Fourth Republic, called the Yusin Revitalization Constitution. On October 1987 major amendments to the constitution of the Sixth Republic, resulting in a substantial increase of democratic rights and the further reduction of the single presidential term to five years.
The 1987 Constitution advocating direct presidential elections, was unanimously approved by the National Assembly the most significant feature of the Constitution is the duty to work under Art. 32 II 1. As the result of a desperate move by Chun Doo-hwan to secure the success in the upcoming presidential elections of his political friend and Ex-general Roh Tae-woo. Since the two opposition candidates, Kim Young-sam and Kim Dae-jung, could not agree on a single candidacy, Roh Tae-woo won the 1987 election and became president in 1988. 1992: Kim Young-sam of the DLP (Democratic Liberal Party) won the presidential elections and took office in 1993. His "first civilian government" started a large-scale reform movement, trying to eliminate the wide-spread corruption and to integrate the ROK economically and politically into global frameworks. Local autonomy, allowing for a less biased regional development, was reintroduced in 1995. Most of the important decisions on budget and personnel were still being made centrally in the capital Seoul. Article 118 of the constitution delegates all important matters concerning the organization and operation of local councils to subordinate acts.
In August 1996, 5000 students protesting for reunification with North Korea were arrested by the Army storming their University stronghold. That same year President Kim Young-sam announced taking leaders to court under the anti-communist national security law. Kim Dae-jung won the 1997 presidential election and took office in 1998. On June 2000 the first summit meeting between the leaders of North and South Korea took place and Kim Dae-jung was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.
The Parliament of South Korean under Art. 40 to 65 [148] of the Constitution of the Republic of Korea is ruled by the executive branch with a strong president under Art. 66 to 85[149]. The president is supported by Senior Secretaries, who in fact form a second cabinet and exert a strong influence on the president Kim Dae-jung’s, policy. The South Korean executive branch underArt. 86-100[150] is frequently subject to major overhauls, both of its structure and the personnel. While structural adjustments and administrative reforms are likely to take place in the first half of a president's term, a minister can lose his seat anytime. The Prime Minister's post is equally volatile; the average period in office of the 23 PM's since December 1979 being 11.9 months.
In 1979 a military coup by General Chun Doo-hwan following the assassination of Park Chung-hee; left the country with hardly any significant political opposition. The economy has since been dominated by big conglomerates, with the financial system not working properly as a tool of industrial policy. In 1981 the Constitution was amended as the Fifth Republic. Chun Doo-hwan became President, limited to only one 7 year term; Chun is infamous for the massacre after the Kwangju uprising in 1980, when the military killed hundreds or even thousands of South Korean citizens who were demonstrating for more political freedom. The interventionist role of the South Korean state in the economy is supported by Chapter IX Art. 119-127[151] that advocates,
(1) freedom and creative initiative of enterprises and individuals in economic affairs.
(2) The State may regulate and coordinate economic affairs in order to maintain the balanced growth and stability of the national economy, to ensure proper distribution of income, to prevent the domination of the market and the abuse of economic power, and to democratize the economy through harmony among the economic agents.
In Art. 119[152], macroeconomic goals like stable and balanced growth rates as well as a balanced income distribution are explicitly identified, market domination and abuse of economic power are recommended to be actively avoided. The regulatory goal to "democratize the economy through harmony among economic agents" in the same article reflects the strong prevalence of traditional Korean values and the close relationship between politics and the economy. Foreign trade is designated as a strategic area which is to be fostered, regulated and coordinated by the state Art. 125[153].
Democracy and market economy are solidly established in the ROK and will develop further on a constant basis. In its development as a mature democracy and market economy, the expansion of a stable social security network becomes the ultimate concern under Article 34[154] that states,
(1) All citizens are entitled to a life worthy of human beings.
(2) The State has the duty to endeavor to promote social security and welfare.
(3) The State endeavors to promote the welfare and rights of women.
(4) The State has the duty to implement policies for enhancing the welfare of senior citizen and the young.
(5) Citizens who are incapable of earning a livelihood due to a physical disability, disease, old age, or other reasons are protected by the State under the conditions as prescribed by law.
(6) The State endeavors to prevent disasters and to protect citizens from harm there from.[155].
B. Unification Vote
Under the Article 72 of the South Korean Constitution of 1948 last amended 1997[156] the South Korean president has the authority to submit important policies relating to diplomacy, national defense, unification, and other matters relating to the national destiny to a national referendum if he deems it necessary. We hope that the July Summit will establish the accord for the North and South Korean public to vote on the following strategic issues,
1. removal of the border in a joint US, North and South Korean military operation.
2. Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) data-basing citizens, issuing identification cards and taxing profits for administration via Poor Relief Administration Yearbooks (PRAY).
3. Constitution of Korea (CoK)
4. US / Korean military base with mandatory English and Korean language classes or removal of the US military base.
5. election of Kim Il Jong as King of Korea.
The removal of the demilitarized zone (DMZ) separating North and South Korea is clearly a priority in Korean strategy as it is the only real obstacle to unification. The DMZ is an ominous 155 mile long border 4 km wide with a fence on either side and is reported to be heavily mined[157]. As there are mines military expertise will be required and a co-operative venture by the US, North Korean and South Korean militaries is ideal. Not only could the militaries working together remove all offensive objects very swiftly the project would strengthen Korean Peace for North Korean, South Korean and US troops to work together. This project would serve as the foundation for the critical military union that would leave Korea with a Joint Defense Command that must be strengthened with troop exchange supervised by the legislatures so that the armed forces are strictly governed by and educated in law.
The Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) is the most important project for Korean unification. To effectively administrate a united Korea it is critical that a database of all citizens is maintained for tax and vital statistic purposes. This yearbook would also provide the security needed for large scale investment in the North Korean (and South Korean) poor.
IV. Single Korean Yearbook
A, Border Year
North Korea's nuclear weapons ambitions and missile exports -- both of which have cast a cloud over Roh because of his close association with outgoing President Kim Dae-jung -- can only be solved by dialogue that helps Pyongyang feel secure.
President Roh Moo-hyun promises to give consideration for a withdrawal of some 37,000 U.S. troops based in South Korea. In May however, in an early shift to the center, Roh stated his support for the continued presence of U.S. troops in the country[158].
The Korean governments need to integrate their militaries under a Joint Defense Commission by integrating the North Korean National Defense Commission (NDC) with the South Korean military in accordance with Article 103 of the DPRK,
The NDC has the duties and authority to:
1. guide the armed forces and guide the State in defense building as a whole,
2. set up or abolish a national institution in the defense sector[159],
Under Article 74 of the South Korean Constitution the President is the Commanders and Chief of the Armed Forces who behave in accordance with law. The President has the extraordinary power to call national referendums on policy regarding issues of diplomacy, national defense, unification and other matters relating to the national destiny under Article 72. We hope that Kim Il Jong and Rho Moo-hyun will come to a military agreement at the July Summit 2003 to unify their armed forces under a retirement plan that can afford to send the majority of active troops to college when the DMZ has been dismantled. The retired troops should be kept in reserve and given military training on a monthly or quarterly basis if they wish to continue associating. It is hoped that 750,000 Korean troops will retire when the DMZ has been dismantled. The estimated long term investment is $10 billion. The new United Korean Military should work in accordance with Joint North and South Korean law and military command to protect the interests of the Korean Peninsula. The unification of the military is the pre-eminent task of unification as the armed forces are the greatest source of international tension. Therefore great care must be taken to found a Joint Command structure that is agreeable to both North Korean and South Korean leaders and passes the inspection of the United States[160]. When the Militaries have been joined in a co-operative arrangement the Korean People (KP) could apply an affirmative action policy to guarantee that the US military bases in Korea are racially integrated with at least 50% Korean troops 25% from North and 25% from South Korea where Korean and English language courses would be mandatory.
Under the co-operatively arranged Border Year (BY) troops from the three State Contracting Parties would remove all mines and fences constructed in the “De-militarized Zone (DMZ)” separating North and South Korea in a 1 year contract to uphold the APM Convention (Mine-Ban Convention)[161] Article 1 that states,
1. Each State Party undertakes never under any circumstances:
a) To use anti-personnel mines;
b) To develop, produce, otherwise acquire, stockpile, retain or transfer to anyone, directly or indirectly, anti-personnel mines;
c) To assist, encourage or induce, in any way, anyone to engage in any activity prohibited to a State Party under this Convention.
2. Each State Party undertakes to destroy or ensure the destruction of all anti-personnel mines in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
Under Article 163 of the 1998 North Korean Constitution[162] the national emblem of the DPRK that bears the design of a grand hydroelectric power station under Mt. Paektu, the sacred mountain of the revolution, and the beaming light of a five-pointed red star, with ears of rice forming an oval frame, bound with a red ribbon bearing the inscription “The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea”
Out of respect for this national emblem of hydro-electric power consideration should be given to determine whether or not North Korea possesses nuclear weapons as they expelled International Atomic Energy Association (IAEA) inspectors in January of 2003 after restarting the PyongYang nuclear reactor and there have been declarations that nuclear waste products have successfully been used to create atomic weapons. Idle threats regarding the use of nuclear weapons in the region have issued from North Korea in retaliation for idle threats made by the US Military to permit air-strikes against the Pyong Yang nuclear reactor. Air-strikes must be totally prohibited out of respect for Korea and the many peaceful uses of nuclear power under the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water Partial Test Ban that was the first international treaty prohibiting nuclear weapons entered into force in 1963[163]. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty NPT[164] was opened in 1968 and entered into force in 1970, it is the pre-eminent international treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Association (IAEA[165]). The many continents have also joined together to enforce and confederate from the NPT in their region. The Bangkok Treaty[166] opened in 1995 entered into force in 1997. The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty of Rarotonga was signed in 1985 and entered into force in 1986[167]. The Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean Treaty of Tlatelolco was signed in 1967 and enforced by the nations in 1968[168], the African Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Pelindaba Treaty, was signed 1996 and is not yet entered into force[169]. These treaties ensure that the International Atomic Energy Association is the Supreme authority on nuclear power (IAEA[170]) and,
1. Each State Party undertakes not to allow, in its territory, any other State to:
(a) develop, manufacture or otherwise acquire, possess or have control over nuclear weapons;
(b) station or transport nuclear weapons; or
(c) test or use nuclear weapons.
(d) dump at sea or discharge into the atmosphere any radioactive material or wastes
(e) dispose radioactive material or wastes on land in the territory of or under the jurisdiction of other States
(f) allow, within its territory, any other State to dump at sea or discharge into the atmosphere any radioactive material or wastes.
(g) Nothing shall prejudice the right of States Parties to use nuclear energy, in particular for their economic development and social progress.
United States, North Korean and South Korean troops on the Korean Peninsula should conduct a detailed Conventional Arms Treaty (CAT) and publicly dispose of and destroy prohibited weapons of mass destruction in a legal and peaceful fashion.
The current defensive strategy of the US military presence in Korea is founded upon OPLAN 5027 the US-ROK Combined Forces Command basic warplan. Under Operations Plan 5027 (CINCUNC/CFC OPLAN 5027), the United States plans to provide units to reinforce the Republic of Korea in the event of external armed attack. Due to heavily staffed North Korean military Pyongyang can credibly threaten the prompt destruction of Seoul with conventional arms alone. The North Korean military could also establish a shallow foothold across the DMZ. However, the DPRK's ability to sustain these offensive operations, or advance its forces further to the south, is questionable. South Korean and American air forces could quickly establish air supremacy and destroy North Korean ground forces. The ensuing buildup of US forces in Korea could reverse any remaining North Korean advances into the South, and unleash offensive operations into the North. North Korea does not require long-range missiles with nuclear, chemical, or biological warheads to devastate Seoul or to make a land grab across the DMZ. These weapons are justified upon the need to deter or defeat an American counteroffensive into North Korea. The friendship between North and South Korea founded upon unification is clearly the greatest deterrent to war and is not likely to occur.
North Korea has about 500 long-range artillery tubes within range of Seoul, double the levels of a the mid-1990s. Seoul is within range of the 170mm Koksan gun and two hundred 240mm multiple-rocket launchers. The proximity of these long-range systems to the Demilitarized Zone threatens all of Seoul with devastating attacks. Most of the rest of North Korea's artillery pieces are old and have limited range. North Korea fields an artillery force of over 12,000 self-propelled and towed weapon systems. Without moving any artillery pieces, the North could sustain up to 500,000 rounds an hour against Combined Forces Command defenses for several hours.
North Korean ground forces, totaling some 1 million soldiers, are composed of some 170 divisions and brigades including infantry, artillery, tank, mechanized and special operation forces. Of the total, about 60 divisions and brigades are deployed south of the Pyongyang-Wonsan line. North Korea has deployed more than half of its key forces in forward bases near the border. Seventy percent of their active force, to include 700,000 troops, 8,000 artillery systems, and 2,000 tanks, is garrisoned within 100 miles of the Demilitarized Zone. Much of this force is protected by underground facilities, including over four thousand underground facilities in the forward area alone. From their current locations these forces can attack or go to work on the removal of the demilitarized zone with minimal preparations.
The North Korean navy has also deployed 430 surface combatants and about 60 percent of some 90 submarine combat vessels near the front line in forward bases. With about 40 percent of its 790 fighter planes deployed near the front line. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea possesses larger forces than Iraq, and they are already deployed along South Korea's border. The South Barrier Fence is the Southern part of the DMZ. The South Koreans have a series of Defensive lines that cross the entire peninsula, but with the exception of the South Barrier Fence, they aren't connected completely across the peninsula. They are designed to withstand an attack and allow a minimum force to hold a line while reinforcement/counter attack forces are assembled and sent to destroy any penetrations[171].
The Korean military clearly requires union under a Joint Command. The union of the military may precede the full political union of North and South Korea. The common market strategy as a first step towards political union is the Armed Forces Retirement Home whereby the militaries would join together to,
1. conduct peaceful public work before the scrutiny of the United Nations.
2. retire to the reserves with a full scholarship to college and a house.
In the Korean practice where there are an estimated 1 million active troop these works are best done in law ordering a unified military work commission,
1. order work to begin immediately on the removal of the border
2. world bank $7.5 billion on the retirement of 750,000 troops with the legislation of,
a. scholarships
b. pensions.
B. Poor Relief Administration Yearbooks
Poor Relief has been interpreted from the Indiana Code 12-20 and revised to conform to the taxation and administration of the county. The laws set forth are an excellent strategy to unify the Korean people under the Single Korean Yearbook (SKY).
(1)databases the Social Security numbers and vital statistics of all Korean citizens in a Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) for tax and identification purposes.
(2) pays the poor a pension by demonstrating competency with records and reports to the Single Korean Yearbook (SKY).
(3)registers all Korean nationals and honored guests to vote in Korean elections.
(4)Taxes profits for the administration of the Single Korean Yearbook (SKY).
IC 12-20-5.5-2 Equal Eligibility
The non-discriminatory administration of Poor Relief must cover all Korean individuals irregardless of age, race, sex, disability, condition of servitude or belief making less than the per capita poverty guideline. Should an individual wish to work they would continue to eligible for poor relief until their income was greater than the poverty line for 6 months.
It was determined that consideration should be given to justice to determine the basis of which burdens and benefits relevant to property shall be most equitably distributed amongst a class action recognized by the state to ensure…
(1) to each person an equal share,
(2) to each person according to individual need,
(3) to each person according to individual effort,
(4) to each person according to societal contribution, and
(5) to each person according to merit[172].
IC 12-20-5.5-4 Minimum Requirements of Poor Relief Trustee
Under Sec. 4. (a) Poor Relief Trustees are expected to assist no less than 52 families per year and submit an annual report under IC 12-20-28-3.
(b) To ensure minimum accessibility, a county trustee operating a poor relief office in a county with a population of at least ten thousand (10,000) shall provide scheduled office hours for poor relief and staff each office with an individual qualified to:
(1) determine eligibility; and
(2) issue relief sufficient to meet the poor relief needs of the county.
(c) To meet the requirements of subsection (b), the trustee shall do the following:
(1) Provide poor relief office hours for at least fourteen (14) hours per week.
(2) Provide that there is not more than one (1) weekday between the days the poor
relief office is open.
(3) Provide for after hours access to the poor relief office by use of an answering
machine or a service:
(A) capable of taking messages; and
(B) programmed to provide information about poor relief office hours.
(4) be knowledgeable of the names and addresses of all poor relief recipients.
(5) be willing to grant people free post office service.
(6) be capable of depositing poor relief benefits in individual bank accounts.
Determination of competency to administrate Poor Relief would be made after the completion of an anti-trust inquiry whereby the Korean government would determine if the organization could safely levy and administrate taxes for the Korean Integrated National Government (KING).
IC 12-20-7-1 Disclosure Requirements (DR)[173].
Sec. 1. (a) Each applicant and each adult member of the applicant's household seeking poor relief must consent to a disclosure and release of information about the applicant and the applicant's household before poor relief may be provided by the trustee. The consent must be made by signing the official form prescribed. The form must include the following:
(1) The applicant's name, social security number, and address.
(2) The types of information being solicited, including the following:
(A) Countable income.
(B) Countable assets.
(C) Wasted resources.
(D) Relatives capable of providing assistance.
(E) Past or present employment.
(F) Educational attainment
(G) Pending claims or causes of action.
(H) A medical condition if relevant to work or workfare requirements.
(I) Any other information required by law
IC 12-20-21-3 Taxation and Fines to Maintain Requirements of the County
A local trustee and election board may levy a specific tax against income and/or fine the state for the purpose of providing money for the payment of poor relief expenses in the following year.
IC 12-20-28 Records and Reports
The Poor Relief Trustee shall keep a public record explaining the total and per capita…
(1)the total number of claims for relief
(2)the per capita and total expenditure in poor relief
(3)the per capita and total expenditure per capita in housing relief
(4) the per capita and total value of food assistance
(5)the total number and per capita cost cremations and burials
(6)The total number of nights shelter granted to the homeless
(7)The total number of job placements found for poor relief recipients
(8)The per capita and total amount of reimbursement for assistance received from medical, education and social programs.
(9) In a separate report the Poor Relief Trustee must disclose the names, social security numbers and addresses of all poor relief recipients[174].
For a Korean Integrated National Government (KING) to become a reality the first step will be to database all Koran citizens in a Single Korean Yearbook (SKY) and issue Korean identification cards to all Korean citizens. The next step would be to draft a Korean Constitution to hold national elections for a Korean Parliament, Ministers, Justices, President and King (one time with a vote on which child should succeed the Korean monarch) that would be superior to both the North and South Korean constitutions that would continue to guide regional administration under the Constitution of Korean (CoK). When a common government has been instituted all the Koreans would have to do is administrate their taxation in accordance with the principles of Poor Relief Administration Yearbooks (PRAY) until no Koreans suffer from poverty.
Bibliography
[175] Title 24 United States Code, Hospitals & Asylums. Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home§ 423.
A worthwhile trust for the US Secretary of Defense to legislate a peace treaty and ideal host for Peace Talks so that we can publish in Title 24 U.S. Code Chapter 10 Part 3 Peace Treaties Afghanistan, Iraq § 446 Korea § 447 1-800-332-3527 USSAH11@, ,
2 The United States should pay $1 billion US, South Korea $1 billion US to a Korean Trust founded in $1 billion of North Korean equity. 25% for Korean Unification and 75% for Korean poor relief. When the North and South Korean people unite under the Single Korean Yearbook, China and Japan should contribute. When Kim Jong Il is coronated King of Korea the UN General Assembly could pass a hat.
3 Korean Government Homepage.
4 DPRK Socialist Constitution. 1998. North Korea
5 International Constitutional Law (ICL). South Korea.
6 The World Bank. Research Home Page.
7 The UN General Assembly.
8 International Constitutional Law (ICL). North Korea.
9 Schmidt, Helmut. Chairman. Inter Action Council. The Lesson of the German Unification Process for Korea. 1993
10 Schmidt, Helmut. Chairman. Inter Action Council. The Lesson of the German Unification Process for Korea. 1993
11 International Constitutional Law (ICL). North Korea.
12 Hospitals & Asylums. Children’s Clerk. World Court. August 1, 2002. submitted for publication in Title
24 US Code Chapter 1§1-20
13 ICL. South Korean Constitution. Article 40-65.
14ICL. South Korean Constitution. Article 66-85.
15 ICL. South Korean Constitution. Article 86-100.
16 ICL. South Korean Constitution. Chapter IX. The Economy.
17 ICL. South Korean Constitution. Art. 119.
18 ICL. South Korean Constitution. Art. 125.
19 International Constitutional Law (ICL) South Korea.
20 International Constitutional Law (ICL). South Korea.
21 International Constitutional Law (ICL). South Korea.
22 Map of DMZ.
23 CNN. SEOUL, South Korea -- South Korea's President-elect Roh Moo-hyun has come a long way from a ramshackle farming village to the Blue House presidential mansion.
24 DPRK Socialist Constitution of 1998.
25 Hospitals & Asylums. Afghanistan & Iraq v. United States. World Court. Spring Equinox 2003
26 APM Convention (Mine-Ban Convention). 1999
27 DPRK Socialist Constitution. 1998. North Korea
28 The Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water Partial Test Ban was opened and entered into force in 1963
29 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. 1970
30 International Atomic Energy Association.
31 Treaty on the Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone (Bangkok Treaty)
32 The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty of Rarotonga was signed in 1985 and entered into force in 1986
33 Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean Treaty of Tlatelolco was signed in 1967
34 African Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Pelindaba Treaty, signed 1996 not yet entered into force
35 International Atomic Energy Association.
36 Global Security. OPLAN 5027.
37 The Belmont Report. “Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research” published by The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research on April 18, 1979
38 Consent to Disclosure of Personal Information 45CFR46 Protection of Human Test Subjects
39 Indiana Code. Human Services. Poor Relief. IC-12-20.
World Court
International Court of Justice, Peace Palace, 2517 KJ The Hague, The Netherlands
International Criminal Court. P.O. Box 19519, 2500 CM. The Hague, Netherlands U.N. Security Council. Room S-3520, United Nations, New York, NY 10017 USA
The World Bank, 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC 20433 USA
Palestine President, (King) Yasser Arafat
&
Israel Prime Minister, Ariel Sharon
v.
United States President George W. Bush II ________________________________________________________________________
The White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20500, USA
Foreign Affairs 306 Hart Senate Office Building, Washington D.C. 20510-1401
Secretary of Defense, 1000 Defense Pentagon, Washington, DC 20301-1000
Hospitals & Asylums[176]. 2601 Melrose Ave. B-100, Cincinnati, Ohio USA
Sanderstony2000@yahoo.c+om Legal Fines $3 billion[177]
US Supreme Court, Washington DC, 20543-0001
Submitted for Publication in Title 24 Hospitals & Asylum U.S. Code Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home Part III Peace Treaties §448
Palestinian Israeli Peace Exchange: Arafat Request Troops
I. Israel
A. Tourist and Treaty Advisory………………………………………………………71
B. Basic Law………………………………………………………………………….74
C. Historical Asylum…………………………………………………………………75
II. Palestinian People
A. Yearbook…………………………………………………………………………..84
B. Prime Minister………………………………………………………………….....85
C. Palestinian-Israeli Constitutional King…………………………………………...87
III. United States
A. Border College……………………………………………………………………..89
B. Perseid Meteors……………………………………………………………………90
I. Israel
Area: 26,990 sq km/16,734 sq mi (20,770 sq km/12,887 sq mi in Israel; 6220 sq km/3856 sq mi in Gaza and the West Bank), Population: 8.5 million (5.8 million in Israel; 2.7 million in Gaza and the West Bank), Capital city: Jerusalem (contested); pop 623,000, People: Jewish (80%), Muslim (15%), Christians (1.7%) and Druze (1.3%), Language: Hebrew, Arab & English, Religion: Jewish, Muslim, Christian, Government: Republic , President: Moshe Katzav, Prime Minister: Ariel Sharon, GDP: US$73 billion, GDP per head: US$12,7536 (US$18,300 in Israel; US$1600 in Gaza and the West Bank), Annual growth: 5%, Inflation: 4.5%, Major industries: Metal, defence, machinery, technology, diamonds, chemicals, Major trading partners: USA, UK, Belgium/Luxembourg, Germany
A. Tourist and Treaty Advisory
The situation in Israel and the Palestinian Territories remains volatile and dangerous. Palestinian suicide bombings continue unabated, killing civilians and creating an atmosphere of fear. The bombings are often followed by incursions of Israeli troops into Palestinian towns. Their stated purpose is to seek out militants, but civilians have also been killed in these operations. Palestinian leader Yassir Arafat has called for reforms in his government and has condemned the suicide bombings. Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon remains dubious of Arafat's intentions and holds him responsible for the suicide bombings. Israel raided Arafat's headquarters in Ramallah for a second time in June 2002, after a suicide bomb killed 17 people in northern Israel. The siege ended after six hours - a much shorter time than the previous blockade in March 2002, which lasted over a month. Recently the international community has been pressing both sides to agree to peace negotiations but there have been repeated attacks by the Israeli Defense Force (IDF) with retaliatory Palestinian suicide bombings. As a result no public place in Palestine or Israel can be considered safe. The US State Department has issued a travel warning and has advised its non-essential employees and other citizens to leave the region. The Australian and UK governments are also advising their citizens not to travel to Israel[178].
United Nations Security Resolutions 242[179] that affirms, all Member States must be committed to act in accordance with Article 2 of the UN Charter to behave as Peaceful Countries. The fulfillment of Charter principles requires the establishment of justice and lasting Peace in the Middle East which should include the application of both the following principles,
i. withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict
ii.termination of all claims or states of belligerency and respect for and acknowledgment of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of every State in the area and their right to live in peace within secure and recognized boundaries free from threats or acts of force.
UN Security Council Resolution 338[180],
1. calls upon all parties to the present fighting to ceace all firing and terminate all military activity immediately
2. calls upon the parties concerned to start immediately the implementation of Resolution 242 (1967)
3. decides that immediately and concurrently with the cease-fire, negotiations shall start between the parties concerned under appropriate auspices aimed at establishing just and durable Peace in the Middle East.
The Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangement(DOP) [181] that was signed in Washington on September 13, 1993 can broadly be described as follows,
1. Arrangements to apply throughout the West Bank and Gaza Strip during the interim period, including arrangements for the holding of elections for a Palestinan Council under Article III: Elections: that states,
In order that the Palestinian people in the West Bank and Gaza Strip may govern themselves according to democratic principles, direct, free and general political elections will be held for the Council under agreed supervision and international observation, while the Palestinian police will ensure public order.
Arrangements to apply in the Gaza Strip and Jericho area were subsequent to an early withdrawal of Israeli forces implementing the "Gaza first" plan. Article 3(g) of Annex II provides that the Gaza-Jericho agreement will contain arrangements for free trade by guaranteeing "a safe passage for persons and transportation between the Gaza Strip and Jericho area".
Oslo II was signed at the White House on September 28, 1995 reinforcing the contemporary map of Palestinian Territory[182] and reaffirming the right of Palestinian self governance.
Under Article 3 Structure of the Council, The Palestinian Council and the Ra'ees of the Executive Authority of the Council constitute the Palestinian Interim Self-Government Authority, which will be elected by the Palestinian people of the West Bank, Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip for the transitional period agreed in Article I of the DOP.
Under Article 4 the Palestinian Council would be composed of 82 representatives and the Ra’ees of the Executive Authority.
Under Article XIII: Security
(1) The Palestinian Police shall establish 25 police stations and posts in towns, villages, and other places listed in Appendix 2 to Annex I and as delineated on map No. 3. The West Bank RSC may agree on the establishment of additional police stations and posts, if required. Under
Article XV : Prevention of Hostile Act, states,
Both sides shall take all measures necessary in order to prevent acts of terrorism, crime and hostilities directed against each other, against individuals falling under the other's authority and against their property, and shall take legal measures against offenders.
To keep the peace it is recommended that US Soldiers be hired as a lightly armed international border patrol employing people fluent in English, Arabic and Hebrew. The borders would be fenced with security check points at every road and international military police would search automobiles for weapons and check people’s identification. All murder, bodily harm and destruction of property would be prosecuted taking into consideration the officer issuing such orders in contravention to Article 40 and 52 the Additional Protocol to the Geneva Convention of 1977[183].
A secure border would be a great relief for both Israelis and Palestinians who must come to grips with their political union by electing Arafat a Palestinian King of Israel and investing heavily in Palestinian education as a common market for building an oligarchy that will bridge the income gap by the administration of professional compensation laws that would ensure an egalitarian and peaceful future for all the happy people living in the Palestinian-Israeli Territories.
It is recommended that the United States pay $4 billion a year to Palestine while cutting their $4 billion yearly payments to Israel down to $2 billion as Israel is quite wealthy and having human rights difficulties claiming many ethnic murders of Palestinians under crimes against humanity, Article 7 (ha) of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court[184]. Murder, destruction of property and armed invasions must be prohibited across the Palestinian-Israeli Border through the enforcement of international law by US, Palestinian and Israeli military police officers behaving in accordance with the Military Police Code of Conduct.
Israel must join in the just cause of equality for Palestinian People by paying $4 billion of yearly injunctive relief to improve educational attainment and achieve wage parity amongst professionals who could be politely taxed to pay for a common Israeli-Palestinian welfare state that keeps everybody’s per capita GDP at Israeli standards.
The new Palestinian Prime Minister should be held responsible for keeping track of Palestinian-Israeli violence and co-operation in a World Court case titled, “Palestine v. Israel” that would be contested by the Israeli Prime Minister. As there has been a great deal of death in the Palestinian-Israeli Territories it is important that these states co-operate to pay for the medical expenses of victims, compensates families when people die, and compensate landowners for the destruction of property in acts of Israeli-Palestinian terrorism that are not adequately insured by an equitable welfare state.
Fiscal responsibility for terrorism would clear the air for a larger settlement of $1 billion a quarter from Israel to Palestine in order to equalize the wages of 2.7 million Palestinian making US$1600 - and 5.8 million Israeli per capita GDP by investing more of the US$73 billion Israeli GDP in Palestinian education and professional wages. With the supplemental security of the United States it would only take about 20 to equalize incomes if the United Nations would join together to invest a total of $10 billion a year for 10 years in Palestine it would take only 10 years to build an oligarchy.
B. Basic Law
Like Canada and New Zealand, Israel has no constitution, the Israeli Basic Laws form the foundation for Israeli law,
Basic Law: The Government (1992)[185] ensures popular elections
Basic Law: The President of the State (1964)[186]
Basic Law: The Knesset (1987)[187]
Basic Law: Judicature (1984)[188]
Basic Law: Israel Lands (1960)[189]
Agreement on the Gaza Strip and Jericho Area (1995)[190]
Basic Law: The State Economy (1983)[191]
Basic Law: The Army (1976)[192]
Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel (1980)[193]
Basic Law: The State Comptroller [194]
Basic Law: Freedom of Occupation (1992)[195]
Basic Law: Freedom of Occupation (1994)[196]
Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty (1994)[197]
C. Historical Asylum
The current state of Israel was founded in the Zionist movement of Jews searching for a homeland in the latter half of the 19th century primarily with the help of the waning colonial power of Great Britain. In 1917 when the Jewish population of Palestine was less than 10% numbering 56,000 with an Arab population of 600,000 Great Britain issued the Balfour Declaration viewing with favor the establishment in Palestine of national home for the Jewish people as it is clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by the Jews in any other country[198].
Ben Gurion (1886-1973) is attributed with being the founder of the State of Israel, he led the labor party and became a great leader of the Israeli Defense Force and held a seat in Parliament to his death. Integration was difficult between the Jews and Palestinians and disputes between Arab landowners and Jewish workers frequently broke out culminating in what is known as the 1936 Arab Revolt. To resolve the conflict the British drew up a partition plan in July 1937 proposing a very small Jewish state of some 5,000 square kilometers and a large Arab state with an enclave from Jerusalem to Jaffa under a permanent British mandate. The Jews humbly accepted the deal.
With the approach of World War II the British found the support of the Arabs more important. A white paper issued on May 17, 1939 abruptly reversed and decided to condemn Jews to a minority status in a Palestinian state. In response the Zionists were driven to found their own defense force called the Haganah to combat Arab resistance. To resolve disputes over land between Arabs and Jews at the end of World War II on November 29, 1947 the United Nations General Assembly passed Resolution 181 establishing a plan for the partition of Israel to link serpentine Jewish and Arab states in economic union with an international regime for Jerusalem to care for the roughly 500,000 Jews and 400,000 Arabs that was rejected by the Arabs[199].
Israel was founded in the Declaration of Independence on May 14, 1948. Between May 15, 1948 and January 7, 1949 a war between Jews and Arabs that the Israelis call the, “War of Independence” and the Arabs call, “al-Nakba”, the disaster broke out. On May 15 the regular armies of Egypt, Transjordan, Syria, Lebanon and Iraq invaded Palestine to reinforce the Palestinian forces and the Arab Liberation Army. The Haganah changed their name to the Israeli Defense Force (IDF) and lost 6,000 soldiers and civilians, about 1% of the total Jewish population. In 1948 Arab forces totaled only 25,000 whereas the IDF fielded over 35,000 troops and by mid July mobilized 65,000 by December troops reached a peak of 96,441 a nearly 2:1 greater ratio than Arab troops. In 1949 armistice agreements were signed between Israel and the neighboring Arab states.
At the end of the war there were 716,000 Jews and 92,000 Arabs living within the Israeli borders and 700,000 Palestinian refugees living in the surrounding Arab countries[200]. Between 1949-56 between 2,700 and 5,000 Palestinian “infiltrators” were killed by trigger happy Israeli soldier. In 1953 Mosher Sharett succeeded Ben-Gurion. In 1954 Colonel Nasser became prime minister of Egypt. The two nations quickly got into trouble. In July of 1954 Lavon affair or “the mishap” a Jewish sabotage ring in Egypt was exposed and perpetrators eventually executed. September 28 1954 Egypt seized an Israeli ship named Bat Galim at Port Said. In 1955 Ben-Gurion returned from retirement to serve the government as minister of defense.
Between 1953-56 Israeli politics then became divided between the proponents of military force and diplomacy and Ben-Gurion forced the expulsion of Sharret so that he could attack Egypt. On October 31, 1956 Israel launched the Sinai Campaign and seized the entire Sinai peninsula from Egypt by November 5. The victory was short lived however and the superpowers accused Israel of, “criminally and irresponsibly playing with the fate of the world” and on November 8 the prime minister dejectedly ordered the troops withdrawn. Learning from the mistake of the Sinai Campaign Israeli foreign policy in the late 50’s turned towards developed friendly relations with the African nations of Senegal, Mali, Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, the Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, and Zaire and assisted Emperor Haile Selassie to train his troops and reorganize his intelligence in order to keep peace with Sudan.
In 1963 Levi Eshkol succeeded Ben-Gurion as party leader and prime minister. He was primarily an economist but had studied with the IDF since the Haganah days and he invested heavily in defense and built up the air force and armored corp. This investment proved worthwhile in 1967 when a Syrian border dispute conflagrated into the 6 day war where the Israeli Air Force (IAF) launched a surprise attack on air fields. The attack was primarily intended to open the Straits of Tiran and destroy the Egyptian army at Sinai[201].
Afterwards the UN Security Council Resolution 242 emphasized the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by force and the need for a just and lasting peace. Article 1 stated that a just and lasting peace should include two principles,
1. withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict
2. respect for the right of every state in the area to live in peace within secure and recognized boundaries free from threats or acts of force.
Israel did not publicly recognize Resolution 242 until August 1970 although it was tentatively approved on February 12 1968.
In March 1969 the 71 year old Golda Meir was elected to succeed Levi Eshkol as prime minister. She led a great number of peace talks with the neighbors with limited success until Saturday October 6 1973 when Egypt and Syria launched a joint military attack on Israel on the Day of Atonement, the holiest day of the year taking everyone by surprise. The Yom Kippur was devastating to both sides. Israel suffered 2,838 dead, 8,800 wounded, lost 103 aircraft and 840 tanks. The Arabs 8,528 dead, 19,549 wounded, lost 392 aircraft and 2,554 tanks. In 1974 Henry Kissinger took responsibility for the Israeli-Egyptian disengagement agreement to uphold UN Security Council Resolutions 242 and 338.
On June 3, 1974 Yitzhak Rabin began his first term as prime minister. He was a political novice and suffered the added handicap as his co-alition had a nearly non-existent margin in the 120 seat Knesset. The Palestinian National Council that had not participated in the Yom Kippur War convened in Cairo in June 1974 and rewrote the Palestinian National Charter to shift emphasis from an armed struggle to peaceful political solution. Although the Palestinians had the support of King Hussein of Jordan Israel was reluctant to negotiate with the new peaceful Palestinians and did not make any arrangements with them in favor of a Sinai II treaty with Egypt.
In 1977 Menachem Begin started his first term as prime minister. He became an outspoken advocate for Palestinian rights in the fact of Arab discrimination and strangely presented a Palestinian Peace Treaty to Sadat in Egypt who did not like the civil proposal. The situation quickly deteriorated when a group of Palestinian terrorists blew up a bus and Israel retaliated wiping out several PLO bases.
On September 1978 Menachem Begin and his aids went to the thirteen day Camp David Accords intended to get Carter, Sadat and Begin to come to a peace agreement between Israel and Eqypt. Article 1 required Israel to withdraw its armed forces and civilians from Sinai to the international border to allow Egypt to resume the exercise of its full sovereignty over the peninsula. On March 22 1979 the Knesset approved the peace treaty 95 for and 18 against. The treaty was signed on March 26, 1979 in an elaborate ceremony on the South lawn. Egypt was immediately expelled from the Arab League for ”breaking ranks” in the fight against Israel.
Operation Babylon was a surprise attack by the IAF on an Iraqi nuclear plant at Osirak, near Baghdad. 16 planes took off from the Etzion airbase, in eastern Sinai, on Sunday June 7, 1981. 8 of the planes were F-16 Fighter Falcons, carrying two 2,000 pound laser-guided bombs. The other 8 were F-15 Eagles, carrying air-to-air missiles and electronic countermeasure pods. Flowing low the planes avoided detection by the radar of Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Iraq. Not a single Iraqi missile was fired at the IAF planes. The attack lasted two minutes. The Iraqi nuclear reactor, called Tammuz, was destroyed. The attack occurred because it was determined that Iraq was developing or had nuclear weapons although it was determined that the nuclear weapons could have been removed diplomatically.
On June 3 1982 the civil war in Lebanon became so severe that Israel deemed it necessary to intervene and many atrocities were committed by all participants that included Syria. Israel and Syria air forces engaged in combat and dropped many bombs on Lebanon. President Ronald Reagan ordered Israeli troops to withdraw and on May 17, 1983 the decision was taken to withdraw Israeli troops to a security zone 30 km from Lebanon in stages without waiting for Syrian withdrawal. They did not completely obey because Syria did not comply with the withdrawal order. The war in Lebanon cost Israel 660 dead.
On August 28, 1983 Menachem Begin announced his resignation due to depression that became severe after the death of his wife, Alicia, in September 1982. The Likud Central Committee elected Yitzhk Shamir to succeed Begin. The first task of the new government was to remove IDF troops from Lebanon. The Syrians however had no intention of leaving Lebanon. With inflation running at 400% the Election of July 23, 1984 established Shimon Peres as prime minister with a co-operative arrangement that established Shamir as deputy minister. Peres’ first achievement was to conquer hyper-inflation, stabilize the economy, reduce unemployment and regenerate economic growth. Peres’ second achievement was to complete the withdrawal of the IDF from Lebanon.
On February 11, 1985 King Hussein of Jordan and Yasser Arafat entered into an agreement whereby the right of Palestinian self-determination would be protected by a Jordanian-Palestinian confederacy that would uphold UN Security Council Resolution 242 to establish a homeland for the Palestinian people and renounce violence. On October 7, 1986 it was determined that both an international forum and agreement of the composition of a Palestinian delegation was needed. Israel, as a fully functional government, did not need an international forum.
On October 20, 1986 Peres handed over the premiership to Yitzhak Shamir and moved to the Foreign Ministry. In the London Agreement Israeli, Palestinian and Jordanian delegate agreed to uphold previous agreements, they found,
1. The Palestinian issue will be dealt with in the committee of the Jordanian-Palestinian and Israeli delegations.
2. The Palestinians’ representatives will be included in the Jordanian-Palestinian delegation
3. Participation in the conference be based on the parties’ acceptance of Resolution 242 and 338 and the renunciation of violence and terrorism.
4. Each committee will negotiate independently
5. Other issues will be decided by mutual agreement between Jordan and Israel.
The Palestinians however found themselves unable to effectively voice their opinions and the treaty did not hold. On December 9, 1987 a traffic accident inspired an intifada that came to be called the Palestinian War of Independence. The conflict paralyzed the Knesset that set Yitzhak Shamir in a second term as Prime Minister. The intifada gave Arafat and his followers the confidence they needed to moderate their political program and at a meeting of the Palestinian National Council Arafat won a majority for the historic decision to recognize Israel’s legitimacy to accept all the relevant UN resolution going back to November 29, 1947 and adopt the principle of the two state system. The claim to the whole of Palestine, enshrined in the Palestinian National Charter, was finally laid to rest, and a declaration of independence was issued for a mini-state in the West Bank and Gaza, with East Jerusalem as its capital.
In January 1989 Yitzhak Rabin floated a four point peace plan calling for (1) a cessation of Palestinian violence, (2) a three to six month period of quiet prior to elections among the Palestinians, (3) negotiations with the elected Palestinian leaders and with Jordan for an interim form of autonomy and (4) negotiations on the final status of territories.
The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990. Ten days into the crisis on August 12, Saddam Hussein, in what amounted to a rare political masterstroke, suggested that Iraq might withdraw from Kuwait if Israel withdrew from all occupied arab territory and Syria withdrew from Lebanon. Overnight Saddam Hussein became the hero of the Arab masses and the savior of the Palestinians. US President George Bush denied that here was any parallel between the two occupations but promised that once Iraq left Kuwait, a settlement of the Arab-Israeli problem would be high on his administration’s agenda.
On October 1, 1990 the Israeli government began distributing gas masks to civilians and on October 8, 1990 a group of Jewish Extremist called the “Temple Mount Loyalists” entered the Temple Mount that is the site of the Dome of the Rock and the al-Aksa Mosque to pray and assert Jewish control of the Muslim temple. Muslim worshipers reacted by throwing stones. Israeli security forces then used live ammunition to deal with the Muslim protest that turned into a riot, killing 21 demonstrators and wounding more than a hundred.
In the Israeli opinion the ceasefire ordered by President Bush on Feburary 28, 1991 fell short of their objectives (1) to overthrow Saddam Hussein (2) destroy the Iraqi war machine and (3) neutralize its capacity to produce weapons of mass destruction. The UN authorized UNSCOM to accomplish these objectives without interfering with the Iraqi status quo.
The pope maintained there were two possible solution to the Arab-Israeli conflict: the realistic involving divine intervention and the miraculous involving a voluntary agreement between the parties. A third solution, not foreseen by the pope, involved American intervention. At the Middle Eastern Peace Conference that convened in Madrid on October 30 1991 represented the most serious attempt on the part of the United States to promote a comprehensive settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Buoyed by the dissolution of the Soviet Union Palestinians were first permitted to negotiate directly with Israelis and half of the Palestinian delegates were university professors and doctors. Abdel Shafi, an elderly physician from Gaza, gave a convincing speech to the Israeli public that the Palestinians were genuinely committed to peaceful coexistence. There was pressure to implement UN Security Council Resolution 425.
The June 23, 1992 election is considered one of the most important in Israeli history and established Yitzak Rabin as both prime minister and minister of defense. On July 13 Rabin proclaimed that the Palestinian peace process was a priority of the new government. In the twilight of the Bush administration the eighth round of Peace Talks began in Washington. Unfortunately the kidnapping and murder of an Israeli border policeman led Rabin to abruptly call off the talks and order the deportation of 416 Hamas activists to Lebanon. The deportation led to an escalating cycle of violence and in March 1993 thirteen Israelis were murdered by knife wielding fanatics, there were many such attacks some of which involved guns and the military wing of Hamas. On March 30, 1993 Rabin ordered the closure of the 1967 border punishing 120,000 families for the crimes of a handful of murderers.
On August 30, 1993 the Declaration of Principles on Palestinian Self-Government Arrangements discussed in Oslo set forth an agenda for the agreement for the Israeli military to withdraw from Gaza and Jericho and found a Palestinian police force with Israel retaining overall responsibility for external security and foreign affairs. It was signed on September 13, 1993 in Washington. On September 28, 1995 the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip was signed in Washington by Yitzak Rabin and Yasser Arafat in the presence of Bill Clinton, Hosni Mubarak and king Kussein of Jordan. It became known as the Oslo II. This agreement concluded the first stage of negotiations between Israel and the PLO and provided for the election of a Palestinian Council, the transfer of legislative authority to this council, the withdrawal of Israeli forces from the Palestinian centers of population, and the division of the West Bank into three areas-A: Palestinian towns and urban areas,B: Palestinian villages and less populated areas and C: land confiscated by Israel for settlements and roads. Israelis like the treaty however Palestinian extremists did everything they could to undermine the agreement and there was a serious drop in living standards on the West Bank and Gaza.
In the process of implementing the Oslo Accord Yitzak Rabin and Yasser Arafat began to work as partners on the road to peace although they had rather different visions. Rabin envisaged a gradual disengagement from those parts of the occupied territories that were not strictly necessary for either Israeli security or Israeli colonization. Arafat envisaged Israeli withdrawal from nearly all the occupied territories followed by the establishment of a sovereign Palestinian state with East Jerusalem as its capital. Negotiations were scheduled to start on May 4, 1996 but Yitzak Rabin was tragically assassinated by a right wing Jewish fanatic at the conclusion of a peace rally in Tel Aviv’s largest square on November 4, 1995. Leaders from over 80 countries gathered in Jerusalem on a day’s notice to pay homage to their fallen leader who was buried with full military honors on Mount Herzl, Israel’s National Cemetary. At the gravesite Bill Clinton concluded his eulogy with two Hebrew words, “Shalom, haver”- peace, friend. Yasser Arafat stated, “Yitzak Rabin was the hero of peace, I have lost a friend. This is a great loss to the cause of peace and to me personally.”
112 out of 120 members of the Knesset elected Shimon Peres as prime minister and minister of defense. An hour after Rabin’s funeral Peres promised to Bill Clinton to fulfill Rabin’s promises of peace. Three days before Rabin’s assassination the final touches of the Beilin-Abu Mazen plan. The basic premise was of a de-militarized Palestinian state. The plan called for the annexation by Israel of about 6% of the West Bank, where 75% Jewish settlers resided. The other settlers would be given a choice between compensation and staying on under Palestinian sovereignty. Israel adhered to its claim to sovereignty over the whole of Jerusalem, but the Palestinians recognized only West Jerusalem as Israel’s capital. The Muslim holy places in East Jerusalem were to be given ex-territorial status, but the capital of the Palestinian state would have to be just outside the municipal boundary of the city as defined by Israel. Palestinians felt that the Stockholm Accord was a great step forward. Hussein Agha called it “the deal of the century”. A week after the assassination of Rabin, Beilin presented the plan to Peres who disagreed on the issue of Jerusalem and felt that Israel should retain sole custody of the Jordan Valley to serve as Israel’s strategic border.
On April 11 1996 Israel launched Operation Grapes of Wrath with Syria as the ultimate target. High technology destruction rained down on Southern Lebanon, Beirut and the Bekaa Valley. Nearly 400,000 Lebanese citizens were driven out of their towns and villages and turned into refugees. A combined air and artillery was launched against the Hizbullah – 2,000 air raids and 25,000 shells. Hizbullah had only about 300 full time fighters. On April 18 Israeli shells killed 102 refugees in the UN base in Qana. Israel admitted its error and was universally condemned. The US sponsored a cease fire that was signed on April 27 1996. Operation Grapes of Wrath is considered to be a political, military and moral failure as great as the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and lost Peres the confidence of the Israeli voters.
On May 29 1996 Binyamin Netayahu leader of the Likud since 1993 when he published a book under the title of, “A Place among the Nations: Israel and the World”, in 1995 he published another book titled, “Fighting Terrorism”, and in 1996 was elected prime minister in the first direct elections to occur in Israel’s History that he won with a margin less than 1%. The Israeli government took a strong shift to the right and became an increasingly ethnocentric religious-nationalist government promising to cultivate Jewish values and put the Bible, Hebrew language and history of Jewish people at the center of school curriculum. Foreign policy expressed firm opposition to a Palestinian state and reserved the right to use the Israeli security forces against terrorist threats in the areas under Palestinian self-rule.
The Hebron Protocol was signed on January 15, 1997 and was the first peace treaty between the Likud and the Palestinians. The protocol divided Hebron into two zones to be governed by different security arrangements. The Palestinian zone (H1) covered about 80% of Hebron while the Jewish zone (H2) covered the other 20%. In the Jewish zone Israel was to maintain full security control during the interim period.
Israel celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of the establishment of their state in May 1998. While Israel could boast about some stunning successes: a democratic polity with universal suffrage; a multi party system a vibrant culture, progressive education and health services; a high standard of living and a GDP per capita almost the size of Britain. Israel’s population reached the 6 million mark in 1998, nearly 10 times the size it had been in 1948. One-third of the world’s Jews lived in the Jewish state, speaking the Hebrew language. Some failures could be noted. Primarily Israel’s failure to settle all claims between Palestinians and Jews.
The election of May 1999 elected Erud Barak, the most decorated Israeli soldier in history, to be prime minister with 57% of the vote vs. 43% of the vote for Netanyahu. The people wished for Barak to follow in the footsteps of Yitzak Rabin to uphold the Oslo accord of 1993 and Oslos II of 1995[202]. He presented his government to the Knesset on July 6, 1999, assuming office as Prime Minister and Minister of Defense. He completed his term on March 7, 2001, following his defeat by Ariel Sharon in the February special election for prime minister[203]. On June 24, 2001 Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon stopped over in London to speak with Tony Blair on his way to the Washington to speak with President George Bush regarding Middle Eastern conflict[204]. Prime Minister Ariel Sharon led his Likud Party to a resounding victory in Israel's 2003 Elections. Sharon is the first incumbent Israeli prime minister to win re-election since the 1980's. A solid majority of Israelis view Sharon as a competent leader, rather than merely another politician, partly because of the way he has made decisions based on the country's overall welfare rather than on the welfare of his particular party. For example, Sharon abandoned his own party's "no Palestinian State" platform, in order to make a national unity government possible.
The 2003 elections will go down in history as the elections with the lowest turnout in Israel's 54 year history. Only 68.5 percent of the electorate voted, 10% lower than in 1999. The low voter turn-out is a reflection of the public's belief that the early elections, brought about by the Labor party's threat to topple the government, were unnecessary and even wasteful as the results would be nearly the same as the last elections.
Thirteen of the twenty seven parties competing for representation in the country's 16th government won enough votes get a seat in the 120-seat Israeli Parliament, called the Knesset. The right-wing parties resoundingly beat the left-wing parties as the Israeli public made it clear it has lost faith in Oslo and Arafat as a peace partner. The fastest growing party was Shinui (Change), which promises to undo the favorable conditions given to the ultra-orthodox in Israel such as not having to perform any kind of national or army duty.
The Seats
The distribution of the 120 Knesset seats are:
|RIGHT 69 |CENTER 15 |LEFT 36 |
|Likud 38 |Shinui 15 |Labor 19 |
|Shas 11 | |Meretz 6 |
|National Union 7 | |Am Echad 3 |
|Mafdal 6 | |Hadash 3 |
|United Torah Judaism 5 | |Balad 3 |
|Yisrael B'Aliyah 2 | |United Arab List (UAL) 2 |
The Coalition
To create a stable government that can create change, a coalition of at least 61 seats must be formed.
Sharon is in a position to form either a coalition of right-wing and religious party parties (Likud, Shas, National Union, Mafdal, United Torah Judaism, Yisrael B'Aliyah) or a secular and centrist government (Likud, Shinui, Labor, and others). Sharon and most of the country prefers the secular, centrist government, but the Labor party, led by Amram Mitzna, has said it would not join a National Unity Government led by Sharon. Neverthelesss, there is still some hope that either the Labor will replace Mitzna with a leader willing to create a unity government or the Labor party will convince Sharon to make enough concessions for Labor to be able to join into a Likud-led coalition.
"I hope Mitzna realizes that the campaign is over and that there's a country to run," said Dan Naveh, Minister of Industry and Trade.
Shunui Party Leader, Tommy Lapid, called upon Labor to withdraw its promise to not join a national-unity government, saying Mitzna cannot abandon the government to the extreme right. Lapid said. "We cannot waste this historic opportunity that the public gave us (to change Israel). The Labor Party is not as important as the state."
The Future
Some 27,000 policemen, border policemen, soldiers, and private guards were on duty to protect the nearly 8,000 polling stations scattered throughout the country. Despite dozens of warnings of possible terrorist attacks, the day went relatively smoothly. Sharon, in his victory speech, reminded Israelis of the serious issues facing the country - terrorism, the Iraqi crisis, and the socio-economic crisis.
"Today is not the time for celebrations - no celebrations. This is a time for soul-searching, for coming together in unity, for fusing all forces in order to bring about a genuine victory."[205]
Ariel Sharon clearly needs to take responsibility for the retirement of Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) from the Palestinian Israeli Territories. There have been too many deaths and authorized retaliatory strikes against the Palestinian people at the hands of the IDF. He is hereby commanded to join hands in Peace with Yasser Arafat and George W. Bush II to found a Border College and International Tribunal to teach English, Arabic and Hebrew to soldiers, students and slaves and try all war crimes that occur along the Israeli Palestinian front. The 250,000 US troops stationed in the area would greatly appreciate a homeland where they can be honored guests that do not murder. These troops would patrol the border and learn English, Arabic and Hebrew at the Border College (s).
II. Palestinian People
The current state of affairs of the 2.7 million Palestinian residents of Israel in one phrase is, “Arafat Requests Troops (ART)-to uphold UN Security Council Resolutions 242 & 338.” Yasser Arafat has led the Palestinian People for many years and is now the democratically elected President of Palestine, and could use some international assistance to make friends with the neighboring Jews by means of an international border patrol employing Palestinians, Israelis and international troops who would learn English, Arabic and Hebrew in local colleges.
A. Yearbook
Mohammed Yasser Abdul-Ra'ouf Qudwa Al-Husseini, more commonly known as Yasser Arafat was born August 24, 1929, in the Gaza Strip. Arafat attended King Fuad University in Egypt where he received a Bachelor Degree in Architecture Engineering in 1951.
In 1958, he left Egypt to Kuwait where he worked as an engineer and met with Abu Jihad. In Kuwait, he discussed the idea of establishing “Fatah ” the Palestinian National Liberation Movement. He then returned to Palestine and met with a group of Palestinian activists and founded Fatah Movement on January 1, 1965. Arafat stayed in Jerusalem until 1967 before moving to Jordan. He secretly returned to “Palestine ” three times.
Arafat was elected as Chairman for the Executive Committee of the PLO in 1969 to be the third chairman after Ash-Shuqiri and Yahya Hamoda. He still retains that title. In the aftermath of the September 1969 war in Jordan, he moved [the Palestinians who threatened King Hussein's regime were actually driven out] to Lebanon and remained there until 1982 when Beirut was under siege for three months by the Israeli army. After that he left Beirut to Tunisia.
In 1987, the Palestinian Intifada erupted in the occupied territories and lasted until September 13, 1993, when President Arafat signed the Declaration of Principles agreement in Washington with the late Israeli Prime Minister, Yitzhak Rabin. On May 4, 1994, Arafat signed the Cairo agreement with Rabin.
On July 1994, he entered Gaza after 27 years in the Diaspora. In 1994, President Arafat was awarded the Nobel peace prize which he shared with the late PM Yitzhak Rabin and Shimon Peres. On July 7 2002 it was announced that Arafat was ready to begin implementing the 220 Article long Palestinian Draft Constitution[206]
On January 20, 2003 Arafat was elected President of the Palestinian National Authority with 83 percent of the vote. Arafat is married to Suha At-Taweel and they have a two-year old daughter, Zahwa[207].
Ministry Of Information of the Palestinian National Authority.
B. Prime Minister
The recent appointment of Mahmoud Abbas[208], Arafat’s deputy in the PLO[209], as Palestinian Prime Minister on March 13, 2003 demonstrates compliance with article 146 of Palestinian Draft Constitution[210] by the President Yasser Arafat who originally resisted the thought of relinquishing some of his power to a prime minister. The previous rights of the Palestinian Ministry involved the supervision of the Directorate of Finance and Administrative Affairs, the Directorate on Publication and Printed Material and the Directorate of the Press and Media[211]. Under Article 152 the new Prime Minister shall exercise the following powers:
1. Chairing the council of ministers
2. Representing the council before the president and other branches of government
3. Exercising vigilance over the implementation of laws and regulations
4. Signing executive and organizational decrees
5. Exercising vigilance on the proper administration of the state
6. Coordinating governmental work
7. Proposing draft laws
8. Chairing the council of ministers except for those meetings where the president is present.
Under Article 151 of the Draft Palestinian Constitution of 2002[212], In cooperation with the president, and prime minister the council of ministers shall have competencies as follows:
1. Designing public policy within the bounds of its competence and in light of the ministerial program as approved.
2. Implementing public policy as established.
3. Preparing the draft public budget to be presented(to the Legislative Council)to the parliament for approval
4. Organizing, governing, and supervising the offices, agencies, and institutions of the state at their various levels.
5. Executing laws and regulations and safeguarding compliance with them.
6. Overseeing and supervising the work of the ministries, offices, industries, and agencies.
7. Discussing proposals and plans of each ministry as well as its policies in the field of execution of its competencies.
8. Establishing the organization of administrative formations to present them to the Legislative Council for approval.
9. The council of ministers shall prepare and issue the organizational decrees and regulations necessary for the procedures of executing the implementation of the laws.
10. Any other competencies granted by virtue of the provisions of the constitution or the law.
The Palestinian Prime Minister should serve as an excellent partner for the Israeli Prime Minister. Whereas in Palestine the Presidency is clearly the supreme authority in Israel the Prime Minister exerts far more influence upon history. The Palestinian Draft Constitution appears to be long and thorough enough to realize the institution of Prime Minister as a starting point for a common market with Israel’s Basic Laws so as to uphold the ideal of the welfare state under Article 12,
The institutionalized authority of the Palestinian people shall be exercised in order to realize the general welfare and defend public and individual rights and freedoms.
Article 21 ensures that, The economic order in Palestine shall be established on the basis of free market principles. The law shall regulate its supervision in order to protect free economic activity and to preserve the rights of groups in need of care. The state may establish public companies regulated by law.
Article 22 reinforces that, the state shall strive to realize the social, economic, and cultural development of the Palestinian people on the basis of social justice.
To realize these principles in the budget it is recommended that the Prime Minister prioritize,
(1) Health Insurance under Article 57 that states, The state shall guarantee health insurance as an individual right and a public interest. It shall guarantee basic health care for those financially unable.
(2) Education under Article 58 that states, in part, education is the right of every citizen and is supervised by the state
(3) Peace with Israel and USA
(i) Demanding at least $8 billion a year in foreign welfare and scholarship settlements
(ii) US led military base in Palestinian Territory and co-alition border patrol.
(iii) the foundation of a US led Border College where Palestinian, Israeli and US soldiers and students could learn English, Hebrew and Arabic in peace.
C. Palestinian Israeli Constitutional King
In Gaza on July 7, 2002 Palestinian Minister of Justice Ibrahim Al Daghma announced that the Palestinian Authority has started to implement a transitional constitution of the independent Palestinian state.
"This basic law will be the nucleus for establishing the constitution of the coming independent Palestinian state," Al Daghma told reporters in a news conference held at the ministry of justice in Gaza City.
He said that this law, which will lead to a permanent constitution, was approved by both Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat as the president of the Palestinian executive authority as well as the legislative authority which is the Palestinian Legislative Council.
The new constitution or the "basic law" clarifies the duties and the rights of the Palestinian citizens as well as the work of the three major authorities, the legislative, the executive and the judicial authorities.
"We are in a new era, the area of building up the democratic Palestinian state after the legal and constitutional structures were finalized," Al Daghma said. "All of us will be committed to implement the content and the text of this constitution."
After approving the Palestinian Authority transitional constitution and starting to implement it, Al Daghma called upon all the Palestinian ministers and officials to respect the law and be committed to honestly implementing it.
"This basic law will be the acting constitution until the Palestinian state is established," said Al Daghma, adding that this basic law "has put in consideration the current political situation and the status of emergency due to military operations of the Israeli army."
He called upon the international community to work together with the Palestinians "to end the Israeli military occupation in the West Bank and Gaza in order to establish our independent Palestinian state with its constitutional and legal institutions." On May 17, Arafat as well as the PLC approved the basic law, when Arafat gave his instruction to start its immediate implementation. After facing pressure from the United States and Israel, Arafat announced on May 15 that he intended to carry out reforms into the civil and security institutions of the Authority, as well as holding parliamentary and presidential elections by the beginning of next year.
"This constitution fits for the Palestinian authority, and once an independent democratic state is established, there will be a new permanent constitution," said Al Daghma, appointed by Arafat to be the new minister of Justice[213].
The Palestinian Draft Constitution is the first Constitution in the Palestinian Israeli Territories. The Israeli government operates in accordance with the Basic Laws. The Palestinian State should be much more competent with the administration of law as a result of the adoption of this document and dialogue with Israel should become easier.
The Palestinian Israeli Peace Exchange between Prime Ministers should help to create a lasting peace in the Holy Land through the peaceful and public amendment of the Constitution by the Legislative Council. The political institutions enshrined in the Palestinian Draft Constitution could lead Palestine to be the first Kingdom in Israel since Biblical times should the Palestinian people choose to give Yasser Arafat the mantle of King with a Palace in Jerusalem. Arafat is 74 years old, married to Suha At-Taweel and his daughter, Zahwa, is 2[214]. Yasser Arafat will always be known as the founding President of Modern Palestine and a King of Peace who might receive $4 billion a year from Israel and $4 billion a year from the US (for only 10 years) to found an educated welfare state and gain the peacekeeping services of the United States Department of Defense to mediate the conflict between Israel and Palestine by entertaining US Troops with a tri-lingual Border College and a King Hussein-Arafat Law College.
III. United States
A. Border College
The current state of unrest in the Palestinian Israeli Territories[215] compels the United States who has 250,000 troops stationed in the region to legislate a US Peace Treaty between Palestine and Israel that would permit the US Secretary of Defense to establish a US/ International military base on the Palestinian-Israeli border where US, Palestinian and Israeli troops could patrol the international fenced border between Palestine and Israel. To ensure that soldiers are educated, civilized and happy US $1 billion a month will be required of the US Secretary of Defense that should be invested in racially integrated Border Colleges whose common language is English and would offer meaningful classes in English, Hebrew and Arabic that would be required of all US troops stationed in the Holy Land. Another US $1 billion a quarter, should be directly invested into scholarships for Palestinian people to build an oligarchy of professionals who will bridge the income gap with Israeli Palestinian Common Wage Laws.
In Bakke v. Regents of California the US Supreme Court found that there is a “compelling need for diversity in higher education”. Justice Powell made the point in Bakke, emphasizing that "the nation's future depends upon leaders trained through wide exposure to the ideas and mores of students as diverse as this Nation of many peoples." This doctrine came under fire in the 1996 case Hopwood v. State of Texas where the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals defied the Supreme Court stating that there was no compelling interest to enrolling a racially diverse student body. In 1997 the state of Michigan passed two rulings Gratz, et al. v. Bollinger, et al., No. 97-75231 (E.D. Mich.) and Grutter, et al. v. Bollinger, et al.No. 97-75928 (E.D. Mich) reinforcing the need for racial diversity in higher education through affirmative action, racially conscious admission policies and scholarships to encourage the multi-cultural exchange of ideas on college campuses[216].
The United States criticized Israel's closure of the Islamic University and the Polytechnic Institute, both in the West Bank town of Hebron on January 15, 2003[217]. In the words of the words of US State Department spokesman Richard Boucher, “the action was not in the interest of either side. With the savvy investment of US Department of Defense money in tri-lingual Border Colleges US troops could be quartered with Israeli and Palestinian students to ensure competency in foreign languages and socially responsible multi-racial border patrols. A Joint US, IDF and PLO Military Base where tanks, jeeps, airplanes and weapons are warehoused would keep the peace. It is recommended that the US troops stay in college dormitories and private homes associated with Israeli[218] and Palestinian[219] Universities so that they will have a better time and not escalate the militarization of the Middle East. Israel will be expected to match the US $1 billion a quarter investment to Palestine in apology for a century of economic discrimination.
International troops would patrol the border, inspect automobiles and pedestrians crossing the Palestinian Israeli borders for weapons in accordance with the Military Police Code of Conduct in a multi-racial work environment, with a common language of English. The presence of these troops will probably instantly defuse military conflict in the region and permit a new era of Economic Co-operation between Palestinians and Israelis. US troops could also study in a similarly civilized fashion with the Iraqi military that is currently over 1 million strong and in need of retirement to the Babylonian Ruin and Marsh Arab Village projects when fear of armed conflict has passed. It is estimated that it would take only 10 years for the US to fully integrate the IDF and PLO into a single military that conducts day to day tasks jointly, in a transparent, humane and responsible fashion, but goes to war and makes peace independently and takes responsibility for their crimes.
All crimes, civil disputes and acts of war would be tried by a tri-national tribunal composed of qualified attorneys- 1/3 Palestinian, 1/3 Israeli & 1/3 United States or international representative speaking English. The judges would all be well compensated at equal rates of pay. Permanent Judges of this Criminal Tribunal would be fluent in English, Arabic and Hebrew, teach at least once class of law to soldiers and students at a Border College and periodically report to,
i) the World Court
ii) the Prime Ministers of Israel and Palestine.
To promote the legal resolution of problems in the Middle East the US is recommended to found a King Hussein-Arafat (HA) Law College in Palestinian Territory. Thanks to the generous investment of the United States admittance to the school could be free for all law scholars and soldiers submitting 25 pages of publishable legal research promising to maintain academic standards of the school. Professors would publish at least 1 Book a year, will be given money to Pay Students and may publish the collective reports of their students for the investment of the family and school.
B. Perseid Meteors
Anthony Joseph Sanders, the Jewish King and Commander in Chief of Perseid Meteors, is the writer of Hospitals & Asylums and author of the Koran Act that will be published in Hospitals & Asylums Title 24 US Code Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home §446-448 by the US Legislature this August 11, 2003. King Sanders was conceived on an Israeli kibbutz in late 1973 of an American-Jewish mother, named Rivka Sanders, who is now a family physician, by a Dutch-Agnostic Catholic father, named Marcel Sanders, who is now a veterinarian. King Sanders was born on August 11, 1974 in Tholen, Netherlands on the very largest yearly meteor shower, storms were so severe they thought the damns might burst.
King Sanders was naturalized a US citizen in 1986. King Sanderss duty to the Solar System and Empire of God is to codify amendments to Hospitals & Asylums for the publication of the US Legislature in Title 24 U.S. Code every August 11 so that he may retreat to the wilderness where he can watch the shooting stars, in peace with his friends. King Sanders hopes to one day be appointed Prime Minister of Hospitals & Asylums by the US President. To better serve the People of Planet Earth he hopes run for the office of Prime Minister of the United Nations in World Elections. King Sanders would, of course, be honored to run for the King of Perseid Meteors in any national or international elections where such an honor can be conferred by law. His loyal subjects have but one responsibility, to watch the shooting stars, and one right, to write Hospitals & Asylums.
Tony, as King Sanders’ friends call him, graduated high school from Colerain High School a year early in 1991. He returned to the Netherlands to learn Dutch before beginning studying International Relations at the University of Cincinnati in 1991. He studied anthropology for 1 year in Mexico during the ratification of the North American Free Trade Agreement and witnessed the Peace Talks between the Zapatista and Mexican Army. He and his sister, Queen Sharon Sanders had the honor to see the descent of the serpent at the ruins of Chichen Itza and the alignment of the setting sun in the Observatory during the spring equinox of 1995 that he honors to this day in his quarterly publication of Hospitals & Asylums. Tony graduated with a BA in International Affairs the Summer of 2000 speaking English, Spanish and Dutch.
When King Sanders returned to the United States in 1996 he became interested in law and won a $75,000 judgment in, “Sanders v. Kravetz” U.S. District Court SW. Ohio C-98-466 (1998) under the 8th and 14th Amendments to the US Constitution that led the court to remove the State Mental Institution Library & Education[220] buildings from the prima facie of the Hamilton County Probate Court that is now judged by the County Clerk, James Cissell retiring Probate Judge Wilke who never paid. A lawsuit titled, “Constitution Mental Health Commission v. Pauline Warfield Lewis Center” US 6th Circuit Court of Appeals No. (Halloween October 31, 2000) won, “Peace on Warfield” and Judge Wilke flew the POW flag after changing the name of the 182 year old psychiatric hospital in Hamilton County to, “Summit Behavioral Health”.
This lawsuit was the first time God chose to view the wonders of Title 24 Hospitals & Asylums United States Code before the civil rights cemetery of a suicidal prosecutor, and we found 500,000 US Substance Abuse Prisoners that year. Tony who was then President of the UC Earth Company led a successful peaceful rally to repeal the Higher Education Act of 1998 to permit equal eligibility for scholarships for drug offenders, that is still enforced by the US Department of Education today. Unbeknownst to King Anthony J. Sanders, his friend, AJ Stephani JD, Director of the University of Cincinnati College of Law Glenn M. Weaver School of Law and Psychiatry rewrote King Sanders’ civil torture convict, Dr. Newton’s, case under the pseudonym, “Steele v. Hamilton County Community Board of Mental Health” that was heard by the Ohio Supreme Court for an entire summer session resulting in the US Alleged Mentally Ill being granted the enforceable right to Contract and Vote Equally under Ohio RC 5411.301. “University of Cincinnati v. Alonzo Johnson” demonstrated once and for all that jailing “Taleban”, students, is a crime unless the student is indeed a criminal- this error tried in the Criminal Court cost the Ohio Department of Education a $144 million loss within the week- we have not yet received any mail and are obviously going to need to appeal in behalf of the Board of Trustees for $144 million for the Ohio Department of Education, a considerable sum from the Federal Department of Education to Pay Students and $20 a day under the Just Compensation Act for every day he spent in pre-trial detention.
In 2002 King Sanders won a quo warranto in Clark County titled, “Hospitals & Asylums v. Oesterlen Services for Youth” Ohio 2nd Judicial District Court of Appeals 02-CA-0003 (2002) appealing on behalf of 52 juvenile slaves at the tragic cost of his School of Universal Law and soul.law website for only 15 pages of Assistant Clark County Prosecutor, Andrew Pickering’s investigation and Attorney General’s Education. King Sanders then conquered, “Hospitals & Asylums v. Montgomery County Children’s Services” US District Court SW Ohio Dayton MC-3-02-021 with 18USC (113ABC) where Magistrates Merz, our A student’s, unconstitutional objection to 24USC(9) nearly led the US Supreme Court to amend Chapter 9 on the Hospitalization of Mentally Ill National Returned from Foreign Countries to read, “Hospitalization of Mentally Ill”.
Tony then taught 24USC(9)§326 and 42USC(42) to the US 7th Circuit Court of Appeals in “Hospitals & Asylums v. Indiana Division of Mental Health and Addiction” C-0577(T/K). All that remains for Tony is to settle a US $20 billion World Court Social Security case titled, “Children’s Clerk” filed August 1, 2002 and free his 19 year old step-sister Alexis Bodzin from the clutches of state child support enforcement 42USC(7)§666 and the ill will of her father, Marty Bodzin, 24USC(10) §420. Tony has subsequently re-filed a US$10 billion yearly Koran with the Hospitals & Asylums’ Armed Forces Retirement Home and World Court titled, “Afghanistan & Iraq v. United States”, “North and South Korea v. United States”, “Israel & Palestine v. United States” and “Perseid Meteors v. United Nations” this Spring Equinox Edition of Hospitals & Asylums 2003. Tony has rewritten all 10 Chapters of Hospitals & Asylums 24 US Code for the US Legislature, recommends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 for Chapter 11, would like to go to a good law school with free web-space.
Queen Sharon Michelle Sanders, King Sanders’ Sister was born exactly two years after him, on August 11 in 1976 in Visalia, California, United States of America- the same largest meteor shower of the year as 28 year old Tony. Although she is a virgin she has slept with several of the King’s friends but remains chaste to her 26th year. Queen Sharon was originally not a good student and was jealous of King Sanders’ opportunity to study with Mr. Judy Bock who was elected the best primary education teacher in the state of California in 1983 and kept in touch for a while. However, when our family moved to Cincinnati, Ohio USA Sharon got a good teacher and has received straight, “A’s” since the 3rd grade. She graduated with honors from Seven Hills, a private school. She began studying Biology in 1994 and graduated with Honors from the University of Cincinnati in 1999. She was immediately employed in environmental projects in the USA and traveled to Arizona and California. She then got a job on a kibbutz in Israel and worked there until she was hired to do an environmental project in the Dependencies of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. When she returned from Africa she was swiftly employed in the state of Washington to discover evidence of endangered species that have successfully protected the forest from logging. She is currently completing a Master’s program in ethno-botany at Kent University in Great Britain and will conduct a field study in Spain to fulfill the requirements of her master’s degree in ethno botany this Spring 2003.
The brother and sister Sanders have but one request, that the Israeli and Palestinian people elect them the Jewish King and Queen of the Perseid Meteors that shower every August 11. Under Jewish law “the children of Jewish women are Jews”, King and Queen Sanders are therefore Jews, as their mother is a Jew. These two Jewish Kings and Queens under Israeli Basic Law are both eligible for Israeli citizenship, should they ask. The siblings would like to take this opportunity to run on the Israeli ballot in English with Yasser Arafat who will run for King of Palestine who might be the first king of Israel since Before Christ should he merely ask the Palestinian Legislative Council for a “constitutional kingdom”. Saddam Hussein is likewise recommended for King of New Iraq if he approves the Draft New Iraq Constitutional Estate, Summer Solstice. Kim Jong Il, son of Kim Il Sung, is also recommended to serve as the literate King of Korea in the Constitution of Korea – the spirits of their people ask for kings of their constitutional countries. Should these men wish for a hand to hold while running on the national Ballot for King and Queen they may grant the King and Queen of the Perseid Meteors national elections.
Asteroids sell for $1 million a piece as the shooting stars are free on the King and Queen’s birthday - August 11. The Perseid Pair remain childless and may need to sell their asteroids this generation. We would like to be able to afford to hire a Prime Minister to keep count of our heavenly bodies’ eternal conflict in a World Court case titled, “Perseid Meteors v. United Nations” so that we, people of Mother Earth, can live forever in Peace with the Solar System and NASA. Their step-brother in-law, Robert Stone, works at NASA[221], has a Philippino-American daughter, our Princess Michelle, who is our family’s only conscious representative to the next generation.
We all pray that the Hospitals & Asylums’ Koran brings People Peace Yearly and earns $1 billion for NASA to pay the victims’ families in compensation for the Space Shuttle disintegration and improve the NASA program. This act of Defense would include $4 billion yearly from the US Secretary of Defense to Palestine that should be matched with $4 billion yearly from Israel to Palestine that will pay for a Military/Civilian Border College where international troops and civilians can study English, Hebrew and Arabic governed by an International Tribunal that will try all war crimes and terrorism occurring along the Palestinian - Israeli border and settle Palestinian Poverty for free. The law will be published in Title 24 Hospitals & Asylums United States Code Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home, (proposed) Part 3 Peace Treaties § 446-448. Should the US Secretary of Defense be generous we would leave the Holy Land with a King Hussein-Arafat Law College in Palestine, an Ariel Sharon College of Mathematics, Economics and Aero-Space in Israel and 2 elected English speaking kingdoms of Israel –
1. Perseid Meteor King and Queen Sanders presenting Hospitals & Asylums every August 11
2. Palestinian King Arafat, a popular president
Hospitals & Asylums can be mailed to you in English for $24, Yearly, Equinox & Solstice subscriptions cost $150. A life-time subscription can be free if you send your e-mail address, essays and websites to sanderstony2000@. Enjoy the Perseids!!
Lechiam
Bibiliography
[222] Title 24 United States Code, Hospitals & Asylums. Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home§ 423.
A worthwhile trust for the US Secretary of Defense to legislate a peace treaty and ideal host for Peace Talks so that we can publish in Title 24 U.S. Code Chapter 10 Part 3 Peace Treaties Afghanistan, Iraq § 446 Korea § 447 Palestine, Israel §448 1-800-332-3527 USSAH11@, ,
2 Both the United States and Israel should pay US$1 billion quarterly in exchange for US$2 billion in Palestinian equity for an international military base on the Palestinian border with a college. The common language would be English. Border College Troops would study Hebrew, English and Arabic for at least 3 hours a day and settle all military conflicts in the Middle East with the peaceful administration of justice.
3 The Lonely Planet. Israel and the Palestinian Territories.
4 United Nations Security Council Resolution 242. S/8226. Nov. 9, 1967.
5 United Nations Security Council Resolution 338. S/10983 Octover 22, 1973.
6 Oslo Accord. Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements. Israel and the PLO. Signed at the White House on September 13, 1993
7 Maps of Oslo II Agreement. 1995
8 Protocol Additional to the Geneva Convention and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts 8 June 1977.
9 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Jurisdiction, Admissibility and Applicable Law
10 ICL. Israel. Basic Law: The Government (1992)
11 ICL. Israel. Basic Law The Presidency of the State 1964
12 ICL. Israel Basic Law: The Knesset (1987)
13 ICL. Israel Basic Law: Judicature (1984)
14 ICL. Israel. Basic Laws. Israel Lands (1960)
15 ICL.IsraelAgreement onthe Gaza Strip and Jericho1995
16 ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: The State Economy (1983).
17 ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: The Army (1976)
18 ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: Jerusalem, Capital (1980).
19 ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: State Comptroller
20 ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: Freedom of Occupation (1992)
21 ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: Freedom of Occupation (1994)
22 ICL Israel Basic Laws HumanLiberty and Dignity 1994
23 The Balfour Declaration. Foreign Secretary Arthur J. Balfour. 2 November 1917.
24 Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. WW Norton & Co. London. 2000. Pg 25
25 Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. WW Norton & Co. London. 2000. Pg 54.
26 Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. WW Norton & Co. London. 2000. Pg 242
27 Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. WW Norton & Co. London. 2000. pgs. 1-670
28 Israeli Foreign Affairs. Edud Barak: b 1942, Prime Minister of Israel 1999-2001.
29 People’s Daily. World. June 24, 2001. Brittish, Israeli Prime Ministers to discuss MidEast conflict.
30 What you need to know about Judaism. Israeli 2003 Elections.
31 Palestinian Draft Constitution.
32 Jewish Virtual Library. Yasser Arafat 1929.
33 Laub, Karen. Herald Sun. “Israeli Soldiers Kill 2 Israeli Civilians”. Associated Press. March 13, 2003.
34 PLO Charter. Palestinian National Council, that convened in Cairo in June 1974 in peaceful protest of Yom Kippur War, rewrote the Palestinian National Charter to shift emphasis from an armed struggle to peaceful political solution but the Charter has been properly amended to reflect these peaceful values.
35 Palestinian Draft Constitution. Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research. Chapter 2. Branches of Government. (2002)
36 Palestine. Ministries Formation and Directives.
37 Palestinian Draft Constitution. Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research. Chapter 2. Branches of Government. (2002)
38 United Press International. Palestinians Observe New Constitution. July 7, 2002.
39 Yasser could run for King of Palestine on the ballot if he presented an Article 221- The King, to the Constitutional Court. The Palestinian People might appreciate a King as much as the Republic of Iraq.
40 Maps of Oslo II Agreement. 1995
41 Regents of the University of Michigan. The Compelling Need for Diversity in Higher Education.
42 Myre, Greg. The Associated Press. Salt Lake Tribune. “Israel Shuts 2 Palestinian Colleges” January 15, 2003
43 About Judaism. Israeli Universities.
44 Palestine Net: Education and Research in Palestine.
45 Cincinnati City Council, “Hamilton County Community Board of Mental Health: Hospitals & Asylums v. St. Elizabeth’s Hospital”. Submitted for the Amendment of 24USCode Chapter 4 St Elizabeth’s Hospital Part I through the publication in the Cincinnati Code.
46 Astronaut Office, NASA Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Road 1, Code CB, Houston, Tex 77058
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[1] The Koran.
[2] Title 24 United States Code, Hospitals & Asylums. Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home.
A worthwhile hotel and trust to host peace talks and publish peace treaties. 1-800-332-3527 , USSAH11@
[3] The state of Ohio has written 40 sections on the quo warranto judicial remedy that permits relators to impeachm both corporate executives with state contracts RC2733.01 and dissolve of entire corporations RC 2733.02 upon conviction of a crime that should be tempered with a corporate vote. In Hospitals & Asylums v. Oesterlen Services for Youth Ohio 2nd Judicial District Court of Appeals (Clark) CA-02-0003 it was found that impeachment was an obstruction to justice preventing the Court from bringing a more habeas corpus, “you have the body” future for the 52 juvenile hostages of Terrorism 18USC(113B)§2331 (1)b,iii . Therefore a peaceful settlement strategy was drafted whereby the institution, with the supervision of the County Clerk and trustees would pay for (1) weekly census, (2) monthly attorney, (3) daily allowance of $10 a day for the children to spend in Springfield as they please as derived from the victim’s compensation package of 21USC(13)D §842Bc,3 (4) the right of the children to a corporate vote on civil rights issues under §5122.301 (5) the right to contract to live with relatives under 24HAUSC(9)326 and (5) State Child Support Social Security payments to the psychiatric facility under 42USC(7)IV-D§666 cease (6) forfeits psychiatric facility under 24HAUSC(4)III§225. Ohio Revised Code.
[4] New Iraq Constitutional Estate (NICE) is scheduled to be completed in Summer Solstice 2003 of Hospitals & Asylums (HA) in conjunction with the Constitution of Korea (CoK).
[5] Statute of the International Court of Justice.
[6] International Court of Justice. Rules of the Court. (1978 as revised in 5 December 2000
[7] Article I §2(2). US Constitution. Peace Treaties.
[8] Article 37. Iraqi Interim Constitution.1990
[9] Article 141. Afghani Constitution of 1990.
[10] International Court of Justice. Interpretations of Peace Treaties with Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania. July 1950.
[11] International Court of Justice. Legality of the Use of Force United States v. Yugoslavia. Judge Shi.
[12] ibid
[13] The World Court. Conditions for Membership to the United Nations 28 May 1948
[14] Charter of the United Nations.
[15] Security Council Resolution 1284.
[16] UNMOVIC. United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission
[17] Although the Treaty on Open Skies was ratified in 1992 it is not yet in force.
[18] Protocol Additional to the Geneva Convention and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts 8 June 1977.
[19] Dr. Hans Blix. Notes of the Executive Chairman of UNMOVIC of the Security Council Briefing on 25 November, 2002
[20] Reuters. Hafid, Hassam; Leopold, Evelyn. Iraq Inspectors want a year to finish work. January 13, 2003
[21] UN New. Jan.1 2003
[22] Protocol Additional to the Geneva Convention and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts 8 June 1977.
[23] World Court 8 July 1996. Legality of the Use by a State of Nuclear Weapons in Armed Conflict.
[24] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
[25] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Jurisdiction, Admissibility and Applicable Law
[26] Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
[27] United Nations Department of Disarmament Affairs.
[28] 1925 Geneva Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare.
[29] The Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies[30] was opened in 1979 and entered into force in 1984
[31] The Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water Partial Test Ban was opened and entered into force in 1963
[32] Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. 1970
[33] International Atomic Energy Association.
[34] Treaty on the Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone (Bangkok Treaty)
[35] The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty of Rarotonga was signed in 1985 and entered into force in 1986
[36] Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean Treaty of Tlatelolco was signed in 1967
[37] African Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Pelindaba Treaty, signed 1996 not yet entered into force
[38] The Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof Sea-Bed Treaty was opened in 1971 and entered into force in 1972
[39] APM Convention (Mine-Ban Convention). 1999
[40] Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction was opened in 1972 and entered into force in 1975
[41] Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction. Opened 1993, entered into force 1997
[42] Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe opened for signature in 1990 and entered into force in 1992.
[43] Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques opened in 1977 and entered into force on 1978
[44] Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacture of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives and Other Related Materials was opened in 1997 and entered into force in 1998
[45] Inter-American Convention on Transparency in Conventional Weapons Acquisitions adopted in 1999 and not yet in force
[46] Treaty on Open Skies was opened for signatures in 1992 and is not yet in force
[47] Treaty on Open Skies was opened for signatures in 1992 and is not yet in force
[48] The Lonely Planet. USA.
[49] War Against Terror.
[50] Telemarketing Fraud 18USC(113A)§2325.
[51] Terrorism 18USC(113B)§2331.
[52] Torture 18USC(113C)§2340.
[53] Article I §7(11). US Constitution. War Powers.
[54] Thomas. Authorization for Use of Military Force. PL-107-40. :
[55] Executive Order 13224 – Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transaction with Persons who Commit, Threaten to Commit or Support Terrorism 23/7/02
[56] Military Order of November 13, 2001. Detention, Treatment and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War Against Terrorism.
[57] Sanders, Anthony. Bush, Iraq. Hospitals & Asylums Peaceful Protest Year (HAPPY). HA- 7 Oct. 2002 Cincinnati, Ohio USA.
[58] Raum, Tom. The Kentucky Enquirer. Congress Approves Resolution on Iraq. The Associated Press. October 11, 2002
[59] Thomas. HJ114.
[60] Intl. HeraldTribune. Bush Steps up Push for War Resolution.
[61] Request by Hospitals & Asylums (100 page investigation) of the Secretary under 38USCode(59)§5902 for the prosecution of Marty Bodzin, former Naval Commanding Officer, in behalf of his abducted daughter, Alexis Bodzin, who he covets from his former wife, Winona Gaydos, and the author, Anthony J. Sanders. This family must be re-connected and Marty should pay $1,000 a month to all his children rather than state child support enforcement 42USC(7)§666 as he is a Jew and has a Masters in Business Administration. If Marty Bodzin does not fully disclose the whereabouts of his daughter to investigators he may need to be prosecuted for the forfeiture of his pension under 38USCode(61)§6101 Misappropriation by Fiduciaries. Please write Mr. Sanders of Hospitals & Asylums with a request for info and/or judgment.
[62]
[63] The Military Balance 2000/2001, The International Institute for Strategic Studies, October 2000
[64] US Congress Budget Justification for Foreign Operations”. Fiscal Year 2003.
[65] "DoD News Briefing-Secretary Rumsfeld and General Pace," U.S. DoD Defense News Transcript, November 6, 2001; "General Myers Interview with Meet the Press, NBC TV," U.S. DoD News Transcript, November 4, 2001. Briefing-Secretary Rumsfield and General Myers. October 29, 2002.
[66] Human Rights Watch. “Changes in the Legal Regime”. Dangerous Dealings:Changes to US Military Assistance After 11 September 2001.
[67] India, US Outline Ambitious Defense Partnership. Associated Press Newswires, 4 December, 2001.
[68] Mailing Addresses of the Department of Defense.
[69] Deployment Health Support.
[70] Library of Texas Afghanistan.
[71] The Lonely Planet. “Afghanistan”.
[72] Afghan Constitution of 1923.
[73] Afghan Constitution of 1963.
[74] Afghan Constitution of 1976.
[75] Constitution of Afghanistan 1987.
[76] CIA World Factbook. Afghanistan.
[77] Salt of the Earth. Afghanistan Timeline.
[78]recent reports suggest that Osama bin Ladin is alive and well The Observer. “Dead Man Walking”Sunday, August 5, 2001.
[79]August 7, 1998, was the day Mohammed al'Owhali had chosen to die. His mission, to destroy the American embassy in Nairobi. By 11am, 213 people were killed and 4,600 were injured in a massive blast... but not al'Owhali. As the Saudi bomber begins his life sentence in a US jail, due to a jury decision in court 318 of the New York Southern District courthouse on 5 February 2001, sparing his life although he was convicted on all counts. The bombings were attributed to the AlQueda.
[80] McCarthy, Rory. “This Woman Lost Everything in a US Air Raid”. The Guardian. Monday, October 7, 2002
[81] Dawn Raids Stoke Fires of Resentment. The Observer. October 8, 2002
[82] “Guatanamo Bay Naval Base. The Guardian Unlimited.
[83] Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. Article 24 National Opium Agency.
[84] World Bank. “The World Bank in Afghanistan”.
[85] World Bank. “The World Bank in Afghanistan”.
[86] McCarthy, Rory. “This Woman Lost Everything in a US Air Raid. The Guardian Unlimited. Kabul October 7, 2002.
[87] CNN. Refugees from Afghanistan.
[88] Synovitz, Ron. “Declaration Signal Rethink of Original Mission”. Prague. March 25, 2002
[89] Afghan Constitution. 1990 it is possible that the Loya Jirga should find a more auspicious section for the foundation of their government than Article 66, such as Article 1 in accordance with the decision of the Constitution Council.
[90]Constitutions of Afghanistan.
[91] Lonely Planet. Map of Iraq.
[92] Info Please. Iraq Data.
[93] Constitution of the Kingdom of Iraq. 1925.
[94] Iraqi Interim Constitution.1990
[95] Operation Desert Storm.
[96] UNMOVIC
[97] The White House A Decade of Defiance
[98] UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Report on the Human Cost of Iraqi Policies.
[99] Iraq Declared Nuclear Sites
[100] Iraq Declared Ballistic Missile Facilities
[101] Iraq Listed Biological Weapons Facilities
[102] Iraq Declared Chemical Weapons Facilities During Operation Desert Storm
[103] Iraqi Foundation. Southern Marsh
[104] Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques opened in 1977 and entered into force on 1978
[105] Iraqi National Congress. .uk
[106] Draft Constitution for a New Iraq.
[107] Iraqi Interim Constitution.1990
[108] UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Report on the Human Cost of Iraqi Policies.
[109] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
[110] Law Enforcement Code of Conduct. 1979. 34/169
[111] Declaration of Protection of All People from Enforced Disappearances. 1992. 47/133.
[112] Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. 1975. 3452 (XXX)
[113]Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners. 1977. 2076 (LXII)
[114] Spring 1942 Code of Military Justice.
[115] Military Police Code of Conduct
[116] Protocol Additional to the Geneva Convention and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts 8 June 1977.
[117] 1925 Geneva Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare.
[118] Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. 1970
[119] APM Convention (Mine-Ban Convention). 1999
[120] Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction was opened in 1972 and entered into force in 1975
[121] Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling, and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction. Opened 1993, entered into force 1997
[122] Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques opened in 1977 and entered into force on 1978
[123] Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe opened for signature in 1990 and entered into force in 1992.
[124] Iraqi National Congress. .uk
[125] Draft Constitution for a New Iraq.
[126] Iraqi Interim Constitution.1990
[127] ICL Country Index. , axel.tschentscher@oefre.unibe.ch
[128] Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe opened for signature in 1990 and entered into force in 1992.
[129] Elections Around the World. Iraq.
[130] Iraqi Kurdish National Assembly. office.pkna@kurdistan-
[131] Iraqi Foundation. Southern Marsh
[132] Oriental Institute. Map of Iraq Archeologic Sites.
[133] Article 1§2(2) of the US Constitution grants to the President and 2/3 of the appearing Senate the right to appoint ambassadors and approve of peace treaties. 228 Russell Senate Office Building. Washington DC 20510
[134] US Senate.
[135] The Armed Forces Retirement Home. 1-800-332-3527, or the USSAH at 1-800-422-9988, or email USSAH11@.
[136] The Koran.
[137] Title 24 United States Code, Hospitals & Asylums. Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home§ 423.
A worthwhile trust for the US Secretary of Defense to legislate a peace treaty and ideal host for Peace Talks so that we can publish in Title 24 U.S. Code Chapter 10 Part 3 Peace Treaties Afghanistan, Iraq § 446 Korea § 447 1-800-332-3527 USSAH11@, ,
[138] The United States should pay $1 billion US, South Korea $1 billion US to a Korean Trust founded in $1 billion of North Korean equity. 25% for Korean Unification and 75% for Korean poor relief. When the North and South Korean people unite under the Single Korean Yearbook, China and Japan should contribute. When Kim Jong Il is coronated King of Korea the UN General Assembly could pass a hat.
[139] Korean Government Homepage.
[140] DPRK Socialist Constitution. 1998. North Korea
[141] International Constitutional Law (ICL). South Korea.
[142] The World Bank. Research Home Page.
[143] The UN General Assembly.
[144] International Constitutional Law (ICL). North Korea.
[145] Schmidt, Helmut. Chairman. Inter Action Council. The Lesson of the German Unification Process for Korea. 1993
[146] Schmidt, Helmut. Chairman. Inter Action Council. The Lesson of the German Unification Process for Korea. 1993
[147] International Constitutional Law (ICL). North Korea.
[148] Hospitals & Asylums. Children’s Clerk. World Court. August 1, 2002. submitted for publication in Title
24 US Code Chapter 1§1-20
[149] ICL. South Korean Constitution. Article 40-65.
[150] ICL. South Korean Constitution. Article 66-85.
[151] ICL. South Korean Constitution. Article 86-100.
[152] ICL. South Korean Constitution. Chapter IX. The Economy.
[153] ICL. South Korean Constitution. Art. 119.
[154] ICL. South Korean Constitution. Art. 125.
[155] International Constitutional Law (ICL) South Korea.
[156] International Constitutional Law (ICL). South Korea.
[157] International Constitutional Law (ICL). South Korea.
[158] Map of DMZ.
[159] CNN. SEOUL, South Korea -- South Korea's President-elect Roh Moo-hyun has come a long way from a ramshackle farming village to the Blue House presidential mansion.
[160] DPRK Socialist Constitution of 1998.
[161] Hospitals & Asylums. Afghanistan & Iraq v. United States. World Court. Spring Equinox 2003
[162] APM Convention (Mine-Ban Convention). 1999
[163] DPRK Socialist Constitution. 1998. North Korea
[164] The Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water Partial Test Ban was opened and entered into force in 1963
[165] Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. 1970
[166] International Atomic Energy Association.
[167] Treaty on the Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone (Bangkok Treaty)
[168] The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty of Rarotonga was signed in 1985 and entered into force in 1986
[169] Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean Treaty of Tlatelolco was signed in 1967
[170] African Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Pelindaba Treaty, signed 1996 not yet entered into force
[171] International Atomic Energy Association.
[172]Global Security. OPLAN 5027.
[173] The Belmont Report. “Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research” published by The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research on April 18, 1979
[174] Consent to Disclosure of Personal Information 45CFR46 Protection of Human Test Subjects
[175] Indiana Code. Human Services. Poor Relief. IC-12-20.
[176] Title 24 United States Code, Hospitals & Asylums. Chapter 10 Armed Forces Retirement Home§ 423.
A worthwhile trust for the US Secretary of Defense to legislate a peace treaty and ideal host for Peace Talks so that we can publish in Title 24 U.S. Code Chapter 10 Part 3 Peace Treaties Afghanistan, Iraq § 446 Korea § 447 Palestine, Israel §448 1-800-332-3527 USSAH11@, ,
[177] Both the United States and Israel should pay US$1 billion quarterly in exchange for US$2 billion in Palestinian equity for an international military base on the Palestinian border with a college. The common language would be English. Border College Troops would study Hebrew, English and Arabic for at least 3 hours a day and settle all military conflicts in the Middle East with the peaceful administration of justice.
[178] The Lonely Planet. Israel and the Palestinian Territories.
[179] United Nations Security Council Resolution 242. S/8226. Nov. 9, 1967.
[180] United Nations Security Council Resolution 338. S/10983 Octover 22, 1973.
[181] Oslo Accord. Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements. Israel and the PLO. Signed at the White House on September 13, 1993
[182] Maps of Oslo II Agreement. 1995
[183] Protocol Additional to the Geneva Convention and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts 8 June 1977.
[184] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Jurisdiction, Admissibility and Applicable Law
[185] ICL. Israel. Basic Law: The Government (1992)
[186] ICL. Israel. Basic Law The Presidency of the State 1964
[187] ICL. Israel Basic Law: The Knesset (1987)
[188] ICL. Israel Basic Law: Judicature (1984)
[189] ICL. Israel. Basic Laws. Israel Lands (1960)
[190] ICL.IsraelAgreement onthe Gaza Strip and Jericho1995
[191] ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: The State Economy (1983).
[192] ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: The Army (1976)
[193] ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: Jerusalem, Capital (1980).
[194] ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: State Comptroller
[195] ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: Freedom of Occupation (1992)
[196] ICL. Israel. Basic Laws: Freedom of Occupation (1994)
[197] ICL Israel Basic Laws HumanLiberty and Dignity 1994
[198] The Balfour Declaration. Foreign Secretary Arthur J. Balfour. 2 November 1917.
[199] Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. WW Norton & Co. London. 2000. Pg 25
[200] Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. WW Norton & Co. London. 2000. Pg 54.
[201] Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. WW Norton & Co. London. 2000. Pg 242
[202] Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. WW Norton & Co. London. 2000. pgs. 1-670
[203] Israeli Foreign Affairs. Edud Barak: b 1942, Prime Minister of Israel 1999-2001.
[204] People’s Daily. World. June 24, 2001. Brittish, Israeli Prime Ministers to discuss MidEast conflict.
[205]What you need to know about Judaism. Israeli 2003 Elections.
[206] Palestinian Draft Constitution.
[207] Jewish Virtual Library. Yasser Arafat 1929.
[208] Laub, Karen. Herald Sun. “Israeli Soldiers Kill 2 Israeli Civilians”. Associated Press. March 13, 2003.
[209] PLO Charter. Palestinian National Council, that convened in Cairo in June 1974 in peaceful protest of Yom Kippur War, rewrote the Palestinian National Charter to shift emphasis from an armed struggle to peaceful political solution but the Charter has been properly amended to reflect these peaceful values.
[210] Palestinian Draft Constitution. Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research. Chapter 2. Branches of Government. (2002)
[211] Palestine. Ministries Formation and Directives.
[212] Palestinian Draft Constitution. Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research. Chapter 2. Branches of Government. (2002)
[213] United Press International. Palestinians Observe New Constitution. July 7, 2002.
[214] Yasser could run for King of Palestine on the ballot if he presented an Article 221- The King, to the Constitutional Court. The Palestinian People might appreciate a King as much as the Republic of Iraq.
[215] Maps of Oslo II Agreement. 1995
[216] Regents of the University of Michigan. The Compelling Need for Diversity in Higher Education.
[217] Myre, Greg. The Associated Press. Salt Lake Tribune. “Israel Shuts 2 Palestinian Colleges” January 15, 2003
[218] About Judaism. Israeli Universities.
[219] Palestine Net: Education and Research in Palestine.
[220] Cincinnati City Council, “Hamilton County Community Board of Mental Health: Hospitals & Asylums v. St. Elizabeth’s Hospital”. Submitted for the Amendment of 24USCode Chapter 4 St Elizabeth’s Hospital Part I.
[221] Astronaut Office, NASA Johnson Space Center, 2101 NASA Road 1, Code CB, Houston, Tex 77058
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