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Name: ________________________________________________________________ Date: ______________________________Unit 5: TEXAS REVOLUTION PART 2 ERA10477559690Big Idea: Although Texas defenders fought valiantly and suffered defeats at the Alamo and Goliad, Sam Houston leads the Texas Army to victory at San Jacinto which results in the Republic of Texas.00Big Idea: Although Texas defenders fought valiantly and suffered defeats at the Alamo and Goliad, Sam Houston leads the Texas Army to victory at San Jacinto which results in the Republic of Texas.10477544450Essential Questions: What happened to the Texas army after the victories at San Antonio and Goliad?How well were the Texans prepared to defend the Alamo?What was the importance of the battle of the Alamo?What effect did the execution of Texan troops at Goliad have on the Texas Revolution?How did the Texan army and civilian Texans react to Santa Anna’s continued invasion?How did Texans win the Battle of San Jacinto?What happened after the Battle of San Jacinto?00Essential Questions: What happened to the Texas army after the victories at San Antonio and Goliad?How well were the Texans prepared to defend the Alamo?What was the importance of the battle of the Alamo?What effect did the execution of Texan troops at Goliad have on the Texas Revolution?How did the Texan army and civilian Texans react to Santa Anna’s continued invasion?How did Texans win the Battle of San Jacinto?What happened after the Battle of San Jacinto?285750044450Understandings:On February 23, a Mexican army led by Santa Anna arrives unexpectedly at San Antonio and besieges the Texas defenders at the Alamo for 13 days. William B. Travis wrote letters seeking help, but only 32 men from Gonzales responded. To end the siege, Santa Anna ordered a full assault on the Alamo on March 6, 1836. All the Texans fought to the death; including Travis, Tennessean David Crockett, and knife-fighter James Bowie.General Jose Urrea led the Mexican army in South Texas. Surrounded and outnumbered, James Fannin agreed to surrender to Urrea at Coleto Creek. General Urrea intended to treat the prisoners fairly, but Santa Anna disagreed and ordered their execution. On March 27, nearly 350 Texan prisoners were executed in what was known as the “Goliad Massacre”.When Texas civilians heard of the Mexican army’s advance, settlers fled their homes and braved heavy rains in what was known as the “Runaway Scrape”. Meanwhile, Sam Houston trained his men at Groce’s plantation, and later set up camp near the San Jacinto River. While the Mexican troops rested, the Texan army launched an attack and took the Mexican army by surprise. The Battle of San Jacinto lasted 18 minutes. The Texan victory meant an independent Texas as Santa Anna signed the Treaties of Velasco surrendering all rights to Texas.00Understandings:On February 23, a Mexican army led by Santa Anna arrives unexpectedly at San Antonio and besieges the Texas defenders at the Alamo for 13 days. William B. Travis wrote letters seeking help, but only 32 men from Gonzales responded. To end the siege, Santa Anna ordered a full assault on the Alamo on March 6, 1836. All the Texans fought to the death; including Travis, Tennessean David Crockett, and knife-fighter James Bowie.General Jose Urrea led the Mexican army in South Texas. Surrounded and outnumbered, James Fannin agreed to surrender to Urrea at Coleto Creek. General Urrea intended to treat the prisoners fairly, but Santa Anna disagreed and ordered their execution. On March 27, nearly 350 Texan prisoners were executed in what was known as the “Goliad Massacre”.When Texas civilians heard of the Mexican army’s advance, settlers fled their homes and braved heavy rains in what was known as the “Runaway Scrape”. Meanwhile, Sam Houston trained his men at Groce’s plantation, and later set up camp near the San Jacinto River. While the Mexican troops rested, the Texan army launched an attack and took the Mexican army by surprise. The Battle of San Jacinto lasted 18 minutes. The Texan victory meant an independent Texas as Santa Anna signed the Treaties of Velasco surrendering all rights to Texas.TEKS covered in this unit:Readiness7.1A – Identify the major eras in Texas History, describe their defining characteristics, the Revolution and Republic era7.3C – Explain issues surrounding significant events of the Texas Revolution, including William B. Travis’s letter “To the People of Texas and All Americans in the World,” the siege of the Alamo and all the heroic defenders who gave their lives there, Fannin’s surrender at Goliad and the Battle of San Jacinto7.9C – Analyze the effects of physical and human factors such as climate, weather, landforms, irrigation, transportation, and communication on major events in TexasSupporting7.1B – Apply chronology through sequencing of significant individuals, events, and time periods7.1C – Explain the significance of 1836 and Texas independence7.3B – Explain the roles of James Fannin, Sam Houston, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, Juan N. Seguin, William B. Travis7.9A – Locate the four regions of Texas and places of importance during the 19th centuryPROCESS SKILLS:7.21A: differentiate between, locate, and use valid primary and secondary sources such as computer software, databases, media and news services, biographies, interviews, and artifacts to acquire information about Texas7.21B: analyze information by sequencing, categorizing, identifying cause-and-effect relationships, comparing, contrasting, finding the main idea, summarizing, making generalizations and predictions, and drawing inferences and conclusions7.21C: organize and interpret information from outlines, reports, databases, and visuals, including graphs, charts, timelines, and maps7.21D: identify points of view from the historical context surrounding an event and the frame of reference which influenced the participantsDate________________________ Warm Up #1 1. Why did Tejanos like Juan Seguin fight on the Texan side? (Page 272)2. How was the leadership situation at the Alamo similar to that in all the Texas armies? How was it different? (p. 273)Date______________________ Warm Up #2 1. Why did most volunteers stay to defend the Alamo when they knew it meant almost certain death? (Page 275)43180077470“I am besieged by a thousand or more of the Mexicans under Santa Anna. I have sustained a continual bombardment & cannonade for 24 hours & have not lost a man. The enemy has demanded surrender at discretion, otherwise the garrisons are to be put to the sword if the fort is taken. I have answered the demand with a cannon shot, and our flag still waves proudly from the walls. I shall never surrender or retreat.”-Excerpt from a Letter from the Alamo, February 24, 183600“I am besieged by a thousand or more of the Mexicans under Santa Anna. I have sustained a continual bombardment & cannonade for 24 hours & have not lost a man. The enemy has demanded surrender at discretion, otherwise the garrisons are to be put to the sword if the fort is taken. I have answered the demand with a cannon shot, and our flag still waves proudly from the walls. I shall never surrender or retreat.”-Excerpt from a Letter from the Alamo, February 24, 18362. The author of this letter is _________________. His intention was to __________________.(p. 276-277)A. James Bowie; notify Santa Anna that the men at the Alamo intended to fight.B. William B. Travis; warn Sam Houston that Santa Anna’s army was approaching him.C. James Bowie; advise the citizens of Gonzales to take their cannon and evacuate.D. William B. Travis; inform other Texans that reinforcements were needed at the Alamo.Date_____________________ Warm Up #3 1. How did physical geography affect the outcome of the Battle of Coleto Creek? (p. 285-286)The open prairie allowed the Mexican army to surround Fannin and his men.The dense forest provided protection for Fannin and his men from Mexican soldiers.The deep canyon allowed the Mexican army to attack Fannin and his men from above.The rolling valleys acted as a barrier when Fannin and his men tried to escape the fighting.2. General Jose Urrea considered Santa Anna’s order to execute the Texans at Goliad as a “____________ ____________________”. (p. 287)Date________________________ Warm Up #4 Put the four battles in correct chronological order (p. 240, 267):Which of the following accurately describes the geographic pattern illustrated on the map?Both armies had to cross expansive mountain ranges to meet on the battle field.With each battle the Mexican troops were farther away from the Mexican capital.Mexican soldiers traveled the entire distance of the Rio Grande River to each battle.Both armies were challenged to get supplies because they were so far away from ports.Date__________________________ Warm Up #5387350109855“Sir: The enemy are laughing you to scorn. You must fight them. You must retreat no further. The country expects you to fight. The salvation of the country depends on your doing so.”020000“Sir: The enemy are laughing you to scorn. You must fight them. You must retreat no further. The country expects you to fight. The salvation of the country depends on your doing so.”Who is the author of this quote above? (p. 300)Who is the author writing this to (in other words, who is the recipient receiving this?)When the author refers to “the country”, what country is he referring to? ................
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