Elements of Communication – Notes - Coaching Speech
Elements of Communication – Notes
Communication Applications
● Communication creates ______________ through the exchange of ______________.
● The prefix “C-O-M” means “______________”
● There must be an __________________ or a coming together for successful
communication to take place.
Communication Process: Components
1. ______________: The person with the message to communicate.
▪ Football analogy: __________________
2. ______________: The persons whom the message is addressed; the person who interprets the message.
▪ Football analogy: __________________
3. ______________: Any idea the sender wants the receiver to understand.
▪ ___________: with words, organization
▪ ___________: appearance, tone of voice, gestures, facial expressions, eye contact.
▪ Football analogy: __________________
4. ______________: The process of putting the message into the form in which it is to be communicated.
▪ Encoding is a duty that belongs to the sender
▪ Example: Writing a letter to a friend is an example of encoding
▪ Football analogy: __________________
5. ______________: The process the Receiver undergoes in trying to interpret the exact meaning of a message.
▪ Decoding is a duty that belongs to the Receiver.
▪ Football analogy: __________________
7. ______________: The receiver’s observable response / reaction to the sender’s message.
▪ Football analogy: __________________
8. ______________: The medium that carries the message is the channel of communication. Knowing which channel to use in communication is critical.
▪ Examples: Face-to-face, written, electronic
▪ Football analogy: __________________
9. ________________________________: Any distraction (external of internal) which competes with the message for the receiver’s attention.
▪ Physical / ____________________ - coughing, whispering, talking, temperature of the room
▪ ___________________ - headache or hunger
▪ Psychological / _________________ - attitudes, emotions, stereotypes
▪ __________________ - the person communicating with you is not your friend or someone you respect.
▪ __________________ - Example: “I’m too smart to listen to this stuff!”
▪ __________________ - difference in political, cultural, religious beliefs, etc.
▪ Football analogy: __________________
10. ______________: (situation) time and place in which communication occurs; the physical, social and emotional elements of communication.
▪ Football analogy: __________________
11. _____________________: attitude, past experience
▪ Example: You and your best friend are trying to decide where to eat lunch. You would like to eat at McDonalds. Your friend recently had food poisoning from McDonalds. How might that affect your communication?
▪ Football analogy: __________________
Elements of Communication – Key
Communication Applications
● Communication creates meaning through the exchange of messages.
● The prefix “C-O-M” means “together”
● There must be an understanding or a coming together for successful
communication to take place.
Communication Process: Components
6. Sender : The person with the message to communicate.
▪ Football analogy: Quarterback
7. Receiver : The persons whom the message is addressed; the person who interprets the message.
▪ Football analogy: Receiver
8. Message : Any idea the sender wants the receiver to understand.
▪ Verbal : with words, organization
▪ Nonverbal : appearance, tone of voice, gestures, facial expressions, eye contact.
i. Football analogy: the Ball
9. Encoding : The process of putting the message into the form in which it is to be communicated.
▪ Encoding is a duty that belongs to the sender
▪ Example: Writing a letter to a friend is an example of encoding
▪ Football analogy: the Play
10. Decoding : The process the Receiver undergoes in trying to interpret the exact meaning of a message.
▪ Decoding is a duty that belongs to the Receiver.
▪ Football analogy: running the rout
12. Feedback : The receiver’s observable response / reaction to the sender’s message.
▪ Football analogy: End Zone Dance
13. Channel : The medium that carries the message is the channel of communication. Knowing which channel to use in communication is critical.
▪ Examples: Face-to-face, written, electronic
▪ Football analogy: Pass or hand-off
14. Noise, Interference, Barriers : Any distraction (external of internal) which competes with the message for the receiver’s attention.
▪ Physical / environment - coughing, whispering, talking, temperature of the room
▪ Physiological - headache or hunger
▪ Psychological / attitudinal - attitudes, emotions, stereotypes
▪ Social barrier - the person communicating with you is not your friend or someone you respect.
▪ Educational - Example: “I’m too smart to listen to this stuff!”
▪ Cultural - difference in political, cultural, religious beliefs, etc.
▪ Football analogy: Defensive Player
15. Context : (situation) time and place in which communication occurs; the physical, social and emotional elements of communication.
▪ Football analogy: Championship Game
16. Frame of Reference : attitude, past experience
▪ Example: You and your best friend are trying to decide where to eat lunch. You would like to eat at McDonalds. Your friend recently had food poisoning from McDonalds. How might that affect your communication?
▪ Football analogy: Defending Champions
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