Chapter 03 - Molecules of Life - OKALOOSA SCHOOLS

?Multiple Choice1.?Hydrogenation is a chemical process that ____.?a.??turns liquid oil to solid fats?b.?turns amino acids into proteins?c.?turns DNA into lipids?d.?creates stable alternative energy sources?e.?creates unstable alternative energy sourcesANSWER:??aDIFFICULTY:??Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES:??3.1 Fear of FryingLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.1 - Examine how trans fats affect human health.2.?Fats are major constituents of ____.?a.??proteins?b.?genes?c.?photosynthesis?d.?cell membranes?e.?nucleic acidsANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES:??3.1 Fear of FryingLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.1 - Examine how trans fats affect human health.3.?Typical fat molecules have ____ fatty acid chain(s).?a.??one?b.?two?c.?three?d.?four?e.?fiveANSWER:??cDIFFICULTY:??Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES:??3.1 Fear of FryingLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.1 - Examine how trans fats affect human health.4.?A single atom of carbon may form up to ____ covalent bonds with other atoms.?a.??two?b.?three?c.?four?d.?five?e.?sixANSWER:??cDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.2 Organic MoleculesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.3 - Examine the importance of carbon atoms in the molecules of life.5.?Although carbon dioxide contains carbon, it is not considered an "organic" compound because ____.?a.??it is not found in the earth's crust?b.?it is not present in living cells?c.?the carbon atom is not bonded to at least one hydrogen atom?d.?the carbons are not in chains or rings?e.?it is too smallANSWER:??cDIFFICULTY:??Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES:??3.2 Organic MoleculesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.2 - Examine the composition of organic molecules.6.?A hydrolysis reaction results in ____.?a.??bond formation of a macromolecule?b.?bond breakage of a macromolecule?c.?lipid molecule creation?d.?nucleic acids creation?e.??most macromoleculesANSWER:??bDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's:REFERENCES:??3.3 Molecules of Life—From Structure to FunctionLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.5 - Examine how functional groups influence the properties of an organic compound.7.?An -OH group is a(n) ____ group.?a.??carboxyl?b.?hydroxyl?c.?amino?d.??methyl?e.?carbonylANSWER:??bDIFFICULTY:??Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES:??3.3 Molecules of Life—From Structure to FunctionLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.5 - Examine how functional groups influence the properties of an organic compound.8.??An -NH2 group is a(n) ____ group.?a.??carboxyl?b.?hydroxyl?c.?amine?d.?methyl?e.?carbonylANSWER:??cDIFFICULTY:??Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES:??3.3 Molecules of Life—From Structure to Function3.6 ProteinsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.5 - Examine how functional groups influence the properties of an organic compound.

?Figure 3.6B9.?The figure above illustrates a ____ reaction that produces one ____ and a ____.?a.?condensation; hydroxyl; polymer?b.?condensation; water molecule; polymer?c.?cleavage; water molecule; monomer?d.?rearrangement; water molecule; polymer?e.?rearrangement; hydrogen ion; polymerANSWER:??bDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.3 Molecules of Life—From Structure to FunctionLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.5 - Examine how functional groups influence the properties of an organic compound.10.?What kind of reaction produces small molecules by cleaving large molecules??a.??oxidation?b.??reduction?c.?condensation?d.?hydrolysis?e.?decarboxylationANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.3 Molecules of Life—From Structure to FunctionLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.5 - Examine how functional groups influence the properties of an organic compound.11.?Which of the following may characterize monosaccharides??a.??An amino group?b.?Carbon and hydrogen 1:2 ratio?c.?A backbone of eight carbon atoms?d.?One carbonyl group?e.?The presence of glycerol and fatty acidsANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.12.?Fructose and glucose are both ____.?a.??six-carbon sugars?b.?disaccharides?c.?monosaccharides?d.?disaccharides and six-carbon sugars?e.?monosaccharides and six-carbon sugarsANSWER:??eDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.13.?Oligosaccharides include ____.?a.?sucrose only?b.?glucose only?c.?fructose only?d.?lactose only?e.?both sucrose and lactoseANSWER:??eDIFFICULTY:??Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.14.?Glucose and fructose ____.?a.??form rings with the same number of carbon atoms?b.?have two oxygen atoms as part of their ring structure?c.?have identical functional groups?d.?contain the same number of hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups?e.?form the same polysaccharide moleculeANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.15.?The sugars in DNA and RNA ____.?a.??have a different number of carbon atoms?b.?have the same structural formulas?c.?are the two components of sucrose?d.?are monosaccharides?e.?are disaccharidesANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.4 Carbohydrates3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.16.?Sucrose is composed of____.?a.??two molecules of fructose?b.?two molecules of glucose?c.?a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose?d.??a molecule of fructose and a molecule of galactose?e.?a monosaccharide and a disaccharideANSWER:??cDIFFICULTY:??Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.17.?Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by ____.?a.??animals?b.?plants?c.?protists?d.?bacteria?e.?archaeaANSWER:??aDIFFICULTY:??Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.18.?Cellulose is ____.?a.??a polysaccharide found in cell walls of plants?b.?a component of cell membranes?c.?an oligosaccharide found in animals?d.?formed by hydrolysis of monosaccharides?e.?a component of invertebrate exoskeletonsANSWER:??aDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.19.?Which feature is characteristic of all polysaccharides??a.??energy usage?b.?always branched chains?c.?fructose subunits?d.?only consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms?e.?produced by condensation reactionsANSWER:??eDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.20.?Polysaccharides ____.?a.??are composed of three linked monosaccharides?b.?contain only straight monomer chains?c.?are always made of glucose molecules?d.?may be insoluble and difficult to break down?e.?are formed by cleavage reactionsANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.21.?Which lipid type does not have fatty acid tails???a.??phospholipids?b.??polysaccharides?c.??unsaturated fats?d.??steroids?e.?saturated fats?ANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.22.?Triglycerides are ____.??a.??carbohydrates?b.??nucleotides?c.??proteins?d.??neutral fats?e.?amino acids?ANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.?Chapter 3 (page 45)23.?In the figure above, the honeycomb on which the bee is standing is made up primarily of ____.??a.??carbohydrates?b.??nucleotides?c.??proteins?d.??lipids?e.?amino acids?ANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.?Figure 3.10 B24.??What are the arrows pointing to in the accompanying figure??a.??double ionic bonds?b.??single ionic bonds?c.??double covalent bonds?d.??single covalent bonds?e.??hydrogen bondsANSWER:??cDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.25.?What type of molecule is shown in the accompanying figure???a.??saturated fatty acid?b.??unsaturated fatty acid?c.??triglyceride?d.??wax?e.?steroid?ANSWER:??bDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.26.?Steroids ____.??a.??have no fatty-acid component?b.??consist of three rings?c.??have the same type of functional groups attached to them?d.??are a specialized type of wax?e.?are a specialized type of phospholipid?ANSWER:??aDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.27.?Cholesterol ____.??a.??has a rigid backbone of four nitrogen rings?b.?is the most common steroid in animal tissue??c.?is a lipid with a fatty-acid component??d.??is needed to inhibit sexual development and maturity?e.?is needed to lubricate feathers?ANSWER:??bDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.28.?Which type of lipid is composed of long-chain fatty acids attached to long-chain alcohols???a.??triglycerides?b.??phospholipids?c.??sterols?d.??waxes?e.??most neutral fatsANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.29.?Polyunsaturated fats ____.??a.??have fewer hydrogen atoms than do saturated fats?b.??are more characteristic of animal fats than plant fats?c.??have no double bonds?d.??are solid at room temperature?e.?are gas at room temperature?ANSWER:??aDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.30.?Lipids ____.??a.??yield less energy per gram than do carbohydrates?b.??include cartilage and chitin?c.??include fats consisting of three fatty-acid molecules and one glycerol molecule?d.??are composed of monosaccharides?e.?are only found in animals?ANSWER:??cDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.7 - Describe the composition of a lipid molecule.31.?All steroids have ____.??a.??the same number of double bonds?b.??one or more fatty acids?c.??four rings of carbon to which other atoms are attached?d.??the same functional groups?e.?the same number and positions of double bonds?ANSWER:??cDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.32.?The order of amino acids is the ____ structure of proteins.??a.??primary?b.??secondary?c.??tertiary?d.??quaternary?e.?stereo?ANSWER:??aDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.6 ProteinsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.9 - Explain how the structure of a protein influences its function.33.?What kind of bonds link amino acids to form the basic sequence of a protein???a.??disulfide?b.??hydrogen?c.??ionic?d.??peptide?e.?noncovalent?ANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.6 ProteinsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.9 - Explain how the structure of a protein influences its function.34.?The interaction of two or more polypeptide chains in a hemoglobin molecule is its ____ structure.??a.??primary?b.??secondary?c.??tertiary?d.??quaternary?e.?combined?ANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.6 ProteinsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.9 - Explain how the structure of a protein influences its function.35.?A helix is one possible ____ structure of ____.??a.??primary; proteins?b.??primary; carbohydrates?c.??primary; lipids?d.??secondary; proteins?e.?tertiary; proteins?ANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.6 ProteinsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.9 - Explain how the structure of a protein influences its function.36.?What may be a result of the denaturation of proteins???a.??formation of hydrogen bonds?b.??loss of three-dimensional structure?c.??removal of R groups from amino acids?d.??no change in enzyme activity?e.?formation of covalent bonds?ANSWER:??bDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.7 Why Is Protein Structure So Important?LEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.10 - Outline the negative consequences of an abnormal protein structure.37.?Which of the following is found in every nucleotide???a.??ribose?b.??a single phosphate group?c.??a single carbon ring?d.??a double nitrogen ring?e.?nitrogen?ANSWER:??eDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.?Figure 3.1838.?The figure above illustrates a(n) ____.??a.??guanine nucleotide?b.??cytosine nucleotide?c.??thymine nucleotide?d.??adenine nucleotide?e.?uracil nucleotide?ANSWER:??dDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.39.?What type of sugar is shown in the figure above???a.??deoxyribose?b.??ribose?c.??phosphate?d.??nitrogenous?e.?adenine?ANSWER:??bDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.40.?Nucleotides contain what kind of sugars???a.??three-carbon?b.??four-carbon?c.??five-carbon?d.??six-carbon?e.?seven-carbon?ANSWER:??cDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.41.?Which molecule is incorrectly matched with its monomer???a.??fat; fatty acid?b.??starch; ribose?c.??protein; amino acid?d.??glycogen; glucose?e.?nucleic acids; nucleotide?ANSWER:??bDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: AnalyzeREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.MatchingChoose the one most appropriate item from its description.a.??a six-carbon sugarb.??found in DNA and RNAc.??principal components of cell membranesd.??affect metabolic reaction rates?DIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.6 ProteinsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.9 - Explain how the structure of a protein influences its function.42.??enzymes?ANSWER:??d?Choose the one most appropriate item from its description.a.??a six-carbon sugarb.??found in DNA and RNAc.??principal components of cell membranesd.??affect metabolic reaction ratesDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.43.??glucoseANSWER:??a?Choose the one most appropriate item from its description.a.??a six-carbon sugarb.??found in DNA and RNAc.??principal components of cell membranesd.??affect metabolic reaction ratesDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.44.??nucleotidesANSWER:??b?Choose the one most appropriate item from its description.a.??a six-carbon sugarb.??found in DNA and RNAc.??principal components of cell membranesd.??affect metabolic reaction ratesDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.45.??phospholipidsANSWER:??cClassification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions bymatching the items with the most appropriate group. ?a.??-COOHb.??-CH3c.??-NH2d.??-OHe.??f.??-PO43-g.??-CHODIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.3 Molecules of Life—From Structure to FunctionLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.5 - Examine how functional groups influence the properties of an organic compound.46.??The amine groupANSWER:??c47.??The carboxyl groupANSWER:??a48.??The group that is acidicANSWER:??a49.??The aldehyde group in simple sugarsANSWER:??g50.??The methyl groupANSWER:??b51.??The hydroxyl groupANSWER:??d52.??The carbonyl group of simple sugarsANSWER:??e53.??The group on the amino-terminal end of proteinsANSWER:??c54.??The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteinsANSWER:??a55.??The group that makes lipid ‘head’s hydrophilicANSWER:??a56.??The group typical of energy carriers such as ATPANSWER:??fClassification. The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.?a.??amino acidb.??glucosec.??glycerold.??fatty acide.??nucleotideDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.6 ProteinsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.9 - Explain how the structure of a protein influences its function.57.??the basic unit of proteinsANSWER:??a58.??the monomers of a polypeptide chainANSWER:??aClassification. The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.?a.??amino acidb.??glucosec.??glycerold.??fatty acide.??nucleotideDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.59.??the basic unit of DNAANSWER:??e60.?the basic unit of RNAANSWER:??eClassification. The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.?a.??amino acidb.??glucosec.??glycerold.??fatty acide.??nucleotideDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.61.??the basic unit of celluloseANSWER:??b62.??the basic unit of glycogenANSWER:??b63.??the basic unit of starchANSWER:??b64.??the hydrophilic component of lipidsANSWER:??c65.??the hydrophobic component of lipidsANSWER:??dClassification.?The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.a.??amino acidb.??glucosec.??glycerold.??fatty acide.??nucleotideDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.7 - Describe the composition of a lipid molecule.66.?Which two units combine in various ways to form lipids?a. a and bb. a and cc. b and cd. b and de. c and dANSWER:??eMatch the molecules below with their functions?a.??glycogenb.??cellulosec.??starchd.??phospholipide.??waxf.??steroidg.??cholesterolh.??DNAi.??RNADIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.6 ProteinsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.9 - Explain how the structure of a protein influences its function.67.??main storage carbohydrate in animalsANSWER:??aMatch the molecules below with their functions?a.??glycogenb.??cellulosec.??starchd.??phospholipide.??waxf.??steroidg.??cholesterolh.??DNAi.??RNADIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.68.??active role in protein synthesisANSWER:??iMatch the molecules below with their functions?a.??glycogenb.??cellulosec.??starchd.??phospholipide.??waxf.??steroidg.??cholesterolh.??DNAi.??RNADIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.69.?main component of cell membranesANSWER:??dMatch the molecules below with their functions?a.??glycogenb.??cellulosec.??starchd.??phospholipide.??waxf.??steroidg.??cholesterolh.??DNAi.??RNADIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.70.?the main component of plant cell wallsANSWER:??bMatch the molecules below with their functions?a.??glycogenb.??cellulosec.??starchd.??phospholipide.??waxf.??steroidg.??cholesterolh.??DNAi.??RNADIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.71.?softens skin and hairANSWER:??eMatch the molecules below with their functions?a.??glycogenb.??cellulosec.??starchd.??phospholipide.??waxf.??steroidg.??cholesterolh.??DNAi.??RNADIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.72.??contains information to build a new cellANSWER:??hMatch the molecules below with their functions?a.??glycogenb.??cellulosec.??starchd.??phospholipide.??waxf.??steroidg.??cholesterolh.??DNAi.??RNADIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.73.?precursor for important molecules such as bile saltsANSWER:??gMatch the molecules below with their functions?a.??glycogenb.??cellulosec.??starchd.??phospholipide.??waxf.??steroidg.??cholesterolh.??DNAi.??RNADIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.74.?main storage carbohydrate in plantsANSWER:??cMatch the molecules below with their functions?a.??glycogenb.??cellulosec.??starchd.??phospholipide.??waxf.??steroidg.??cholesterolh.??DNAi.??RNADIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.75.??responsible for sexual developmentANSWER:??fChoose the monomer with its polymer.?a.??glucoseb.??nucleotidec.??fatty acidd.??amino acidDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.6 ProteinsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.9 - Explain how the structure of a protein influences its function.76.??hemoglobinANSWER:??dChoose the monomer with its polymer.?a.??glucoseb.??nucleotidec.??fatty acidd.??amino acidDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.77.??triglycerideANSWER:??cChoose the monomer with its polymer.?a.??glucoseb.??nucleotidec.??fatty acidd.??amino acidDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.8 Nucleic AcidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.12 - Examine the different types of nucleic acids with examples.78.?DNAANSWER:??bChoose the monomer with its polymer.?a.??glucoseb.??nucleotidec.??fatty acidd.??amino acidDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.79.?starchANSWER:??aCompletion80.?A(n) _____________________ is a term given to a macromolecule (large molecule) made up of individual subunits.?ANSWER:??polymer?DIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.2 Organic MoleculesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.4 - Recognize the importance of organic compounds in biological systems.81.?Write the empirical formula for a carbohydrate.?ANSWER:??(CH2O)n?DIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: AnalyzeREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.82.?A denatured protein has lost its _____________________.?ANSWER:??3D structurethree dimensional structureDIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: RememberREFERENCES:??3.7 Why Is Protein Structure So Important?LEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.10 - Outline the negative consequences of an abnormal protein structure.83.?A lipid _____________________ is the most common conformation of the membrane of living systems.?ANSWER:??bilayer?DIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.Subjective Short Answer84.?In biology, many complementary processes exist. Explain how condensation reactions are complementary to hydrolysis reactions.?ANSWER:??In condensation reactions, a hydroxyl ion is removed from one reactant while a hydrogen ion is removed from the other (collectively forming water).? This allows the two reactants to bind.? In hydrolysis reactions, reactants are separated by adding a hydroxyl ion to one reactant and a hydrogen ion to the other, using a water molecule.?DIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.3 Molecules of Life—From Structure to FunctionLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.4 - Recognize the importance of organic compounds in biological systems.85.?How are cellulose and starch similar and how do they differ??ANSWER:??Both cellulose and starch are complex carbohydrates, i.e., long chains of monomers. Both are found in plants. However, cellulose is a structural molecule that is not easily digested (hydrolyzed), while starch is an energy-storage molecule that is easily hydrolyzed.?DIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: AnalyzeREFERENCES:??3.4 CarbohydratesLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.6 - Contrast the features of the different types of carbohydrates.86.?What property of phospholipids allows them to form cell membranes??ANSWER:??Phospholipids have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components. The hydrophilic phosphate end interacts well with the watery environment outside and inside the cell, while the hydrophobic fatty acid tails form the middle of the phospholipid bilayer.?DIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: UnderstandREFERENCES:??3.5 LipidsLEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.8 - Examine the different types of naturally occurring lipids using diagrams.87.?Explain why vigorous exercise in warm weather could be hazardous to your enzymes.?ANSWER:??For enzymes, a class of proteins, to function properly them must retain their proper structure. Heat is capable of denaturing proteins, or altering their mature structure. Extreme exercise in hot weather can cause the body to overheat and denature the enzymes. Great care should be taken to avoid overheating!?DIFFICULTY:??Bloom's: ApplyREFERENCES:??3.7 Why Is Protein Structure So Important?LEARNING?OBJECTIVES:??UDOL.STES.16.3.10 - Outline the negative consequences of an abnormal protein structure. ................
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