Civics: Chapter 3 and 4 Study Guide



Civics: Chapter 3 & 4- Constitution SG

Chapter 3, Section 2-The Road to the Constitution

1. Describe the Virginia Plan. Based on Population, favored large states, James Madison. (HOR)

2. Describe the New Jersey Plan. Based on Equal Rep, favored small states, William Patterson (S)

3. Describe the Great Compromise. Ended 6-week debate- Bicameral (HOR + S)

4. What was the Three-Fifths Compromise? Slavery-

5. What is the difference between Federalists and Anti-Federalists? F- A Hamilton “Strong Central Government” AF- T Jefferson “Strong State & Individual”

6. What was the main objection of the Anti-Federalists to the Constitution?

Taking away Individual Rights- only signed because of the addition of the BOR

Chapter 3, Section 3- The Structure of Our Constitution

1. What are the three parts of the Constitution? Premable (Intro- purpose and intent) ; 7 Articles ; 27 Amendments

2. How many articles are in the Constitution? How many amendments?

7 & 27

3. What branch of government does Article I create? Article II? Article III?

A1- Legislative A2-Executive A3- Judicial

4. What is the Supremacy Clause? What Article includes it?

Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land – Federal Powers > State Powers

Chapter 3, Section 3- Amending and Interpreting the Constitution

1. What are the two steps to amend the Constitution?

2/3 Proposal; ¾ Ratification

2. What are the two ways to propose an amendment?

2/3 of congress/state convention

3. What are the two ways to ratify an amendment?

3/4 vote

4. What is the Necessary and Proper clause?

Powers NOT listed in Congress but if it is a power they need and is necessary and proper then they can have it

5. What are implied powers?

Powers not specifically stated—ex: national bank

6. Describe a loose interpretation of the Constitution. Federalists- if Congress needs more power and it is necessary and proper then they should be given their powers.

7. Describe a strict interpretation of the Constitution. Anti-Federalists- if something is NOT stated in the Constitution, then there is no power.

Chapter 3, Section 4- Principles Underlying the Constitution

1. Describe popular sovereignty. Power lies with the people

2. Describe the rule of law. The law applies to everyone

3. Describe separation of powers. Who proposed this idea? Separating the powers between the three branches- Ex: Legislative- make laws ; Executive- enforce laws ; Jurdicial- Interpret

4. Describe checks and balances. Founders wanted to allow the 3 branches to check and balance the power of each branch. Ex: President can veto—Congress can override

5. Describe federalism. Division of powers between the levels of government

6. Which level of government gets expressed powers? Reserved powers? Concurrent powers? Expressed- National Government- Article 1; section 8 – Concurrent- Both National and State – Reserved- State powers

Chapter 4, Section 1- The First Amendment (p. 120-124)

1. What are the five First Amendment freedoms? RAPPS

2. What is the establishment clause? Government can’t impose a national religion

3. What is the free exercise clause? Worship as you chose!

4. What is the difference between slander and libel? Who is John Peter Zenger? Why is his trial significant?

Slander-spoken lies -- Libel- Written lies On trial for writing something lies about the King – Found not guilty and helped to establish Freedom of the PRess

Chapter 4, Section 2- The Bill of Rights (p. 126-131)

1. What does the Fourth Amendment protect citizens against? No unreasonable searches

2. What rights are protected by the Fifth Amendment (include all parts!) rights of the accused- double jeopardy, eminent domain, due process, no self-incrimination, miranda rights

3. What rights are protected by the Sixth Amendment (include all parts!) criminal cases- jury trial/attoryney/fair trial

4. What does the Eighth Amendment protect citizens against? No cruel and unsual punishment

Chapter 4, Section 3- Extending the Bill of Rights (p. 133-137)

1. What does the Thirteenth Amendment abolish?

Slavery

2. What does the Fourteenth Amendment state?

Equal Protection Clause

3. What group gained voting rights under the Fifteenth Amendment

African American Men-race

4. What does the Seventeenth Amendment state?

The people now elect the senate; not the State Legislators

5. What group gained voting rights under the Nineteenth Amendment?

Women-gender

6. What group gained voting rights under the Twenty Third Amendment?

Wash DC gained 3 electoral votes

7. What did the Twenty Fourth Amendment abolish?

No poll taxes

8. What group gained voting rights under the Twenty Sixth Amendment?

18-year olds

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