Psychology I
Psychology I
Final Study Guide
Identify and define.
Goals of Psychology
Central Nervous System
Neurotransmitters
Id
Ego
Superego
Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious
Sigmund Freud
Six Modern Approaches to Psychology
Wilhelm Wundt
Afferent neurons
Efferent neurons
Interneuron
Nervous system
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic Division
Parasympathetic Division
Brain
Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain
Pons
Medulla
Cerebellum
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Limbic System
Hypothalamus
MRI
fMRI
PET
Split-Brain operation
Corpus callosum
Prenatal Period
Germinal Stage
Embryonic Stage
Fetal Stage
Placenta
Teratogens
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Developmental norms
Attachment
Secure attachment
Insecure attachment
Longitudinal research
Cross-Sectional research
Piaget’s Theory
Sensorimotor stage
Preoperational stage
Concrete stage
Formal stage
Freud’s Psychosexual Stages
Oral stage
Anal stage
Phallic stage
Latency stage
Genital Stage
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages
Trust vs. Mistrust
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Industry vs. Inferiority
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Integrity vs. Despair
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Reasoning
Pre-conventional Level
Conventional Level
Post-conventional Level
Different parts of the eye
Cornea
Pupil
Iris
Lens
Retina
Rods
Cones
Transduction
Different parts of the ear
Outer ear
External ear
Auditory canal
Tympanic membrane
Middle ear
Ossicles
Inner ear
Cochlea
Basilar membrane
Auditory nerve
Vestibular system
Semicircular canals
Four basic tastes
Taste buds
Flavor
Olfaction
Skin
Sensory adaptation
Absolute threshold
Just Noticeable Difference
Placebo effect
Pain
Gate control theory of pain
Changing from sensation to perception
Structuralists
Gestalt Psychologists
Organizational rules
Fugure ground
Similarity
Closure
Proximity
Simplicity
Continuity
Perceptual constancy
Size constancy
Shape constancy
Brightness and color constancy
Depth perception
Binocular cues
Monocular cues
Linear perspective
Relative size
Interposition
Light and shadow
Texture gradient
Atmospheric perspective
Motion parallax
Consciousness
Controlled Processes
Automatic Processes
Daydreaming
Altered States
Sleep and Dreams
Unconscious/Implicit Memory
Unconsciousness
Biological Clock
Circadian Rhythm
Stage 1 of Sleep
Stage 2 of Sleep
Stage 3 of Sleep
Stage 4 of Sleep
REM
Sleep Cycles
The Repair Theory
Adaptive Theory
Freud’s Dream Theory
Extensions of Waking Life
Activation Synthesis Theory
Spiritual World
Sleep Problems
Insomnia
Sleep Treatment
Sleep Apnea
Narcolepsy
Night Terrors
Nightmares
Hypnosis
Classical Conditioning
Neutral stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
Unconditioned response (UCR)
Conditioned stimulus (CS)
Conditioned response (CR)
Operant Conditioning
Shaping
Reinforcement
Punishment
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Primary reinforcer
Secondary reinforcer
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
Social Cognitive Theory
Bobo Doll experiment
Learning process
Attention
Memory
Imitation
Motivation
Sensory Memory
Short-Term Memory
Long-Term Memory
Encoding
Memory Process
Iconic Memory
Echoic Memory
Limited Duration
Limited Capacity
Chunking
Rehearsing
Declarative Memory
Non-declarative Memory
Recall
Recognition
Network Theory
Network Hierarchy
Forgetting
Repression
Retrieval Cues
Amnesia
Interference
Mnemonic Methods
False Memories
Motivation
Instinct theory
Fixed Action Pattern
Drive-reduction theory
Need
Drive
Homeostasis
Incentive theory
Cognitive theory
Extrinsic Motivation
Intrinsic Motivation
Biological needs
Social Needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs (5 levels)
Hunger
Biological Hunger factors
Psychosocial Hunger factors
Genetic Hunger factors
Sexual Behavior
Genetic sex factors
Biological sex factors
Psychosocial sex factors
Emotion
James-Lang theory
Facial Feedback theory
Cognitive Appraisal Theory
Affective-Primacy theory
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