P4.4.1.StudentResource



Project 4.4.1: Student Resource SheetUse the questions below to help you focus your research. How do the human body systems we have discussed thus far react and respond to exercise during each leg of the race?AT THE STARTWe have talked about the central and peripheral nervous systems. We know that the peripheral nervous system relays signals to and from the spinal cord. But this system is divided yet again. What are the two main divisions of the peripheral nervous system? How do these systems relate to the three types of muscle?Why is the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system active just before the race? How does the nervous system influence other body systems at the start of the race?What is happening to the digestive and urinary systems at the start of the race? Why? What is happening to Mary’s blood glucose levels right before the race? Relate this change to energy and ATP. Why does her mouth feel dry?1 MINUTE INTO THE RACERunning at a sprint puts new demands on Mary’s body. What are these demands and how are they being met?Why do Mary’s muscles feel like they are burning? Relate this burn to information about ATP production. Why does Mary’s respiratory rate increase as she starts to run? Provide two reasons. How does Mary’s increase in heart rate relate to cardiac output?How does the nervous system interact with the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to increase the blood flow to the muscles? HALFWAY THROUGH THE RACEWhy does Mary’s body temperature start to increase? What is one of the main by-products of muscle contraction?How does sweat work for the body?What part of the brain helps stimulate the sweat glands in the skin?How does the urinary system deal with the loss of water through sweat? What did Mary do before the race to try to alleviate this conflict?Why does Mary feel a bit more comfortable during the middle of the race? Where is she drawing her energy at this point?AT THE FINISHWhy does Mary feel dizzy at the end of the race?Why is Mary’s heart rate and breathing rate so high even though she has stopped moving? Why did Mary only sip water at the end of the race? What could happen if she drank water too fast? 10 MINUTES AFTER THE RACEWhat division of the autonomic nervous system is at work now? How does this division impact Mary’s other body systems?Explain how Mary could have lost four pounds in such a short period of time. How will Mary’s actions and her endocrine system work to bring her body back into water balance?Why do Mary’s muscles still feel so sore? ................
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