FUNDAMENTAL CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
FUNDAMENTAL CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
American colonists were already accustomed to independence
Salutary neglect and separation from England fostered independence
Religious and/or economic freedom motivated many to come to colonies originally
Unwise British policies hurt vital interests of merchants, manufacturers, speculators; caused groups to unite
Harmful policies included: Stamp Act, Sugar Act, Townshend Act, Quatering Act, Intolerable Acts
British reorganization of colonial system in 1763 provoked resistance
Colonies were more independent and confident
Increasing taxes (after F&I War) during depression and restricting currency supply adversely impacted colonial economy
Political status of colonies in English Parliament
English believed in virtual representation as justified by Grenville in 1764
Colonists wanted direct representation on Parliament; did not want to be subordinated any longer
Religion
Strong dislike of English Anglicans by colonial Protestants
Colonists feared appointment of Anglican bishop in colonies
Sharp class distinction between English and colonists
English enjoyed more privileges
Colonists often were held in contempt by English; did not like being treated like second class citizens
Geographic separation
Colonists had already formed a unique culture/society
English settlers had become “Americanized”
1/3 of colonial population from outside England
Locke’s philosophy
Natural rights of man and Social Contract were used by colonists to rationalize independence movement
Independence was economically feasibile
Colonists realized they had rich land and mineral resources
Prospects of gaining foreign aid (especially from France) were promising
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