Expansion of the Roman Empire & Trade
Expansion of the Roman Empire & Trade
Augustan Age
After Augustus became emperor, the Roman Empire grew ___________and___________________, and life improved for the Roman people.
The Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ______________ over three continents:
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Pax Romana
A period of ____________ and ________________ in the cities and the country.
• The first 200 years of the Roman Empire were a time of peace called the ________________________________.
• During this time, trade increased and people became wealthy.
• This positively affected life in the cities and in the country.
The Roman Empire Expands
• The Roman Empire expanded to control the entire _________________________ ___________________________.
• Trade increased in Rome, both within the empire and with other people.
• Traders travelled by land and sea and connecting_______________, ________________, and _____________________ throughout the Empire.
Trade Routes
Rome improved trade routes within its Empire by building:
• A vast system of ___________________
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Traders
Traders brought _______________ from all over the _____________________
• Spain-wine, olive oil, copper, and gold
• Britain-tin and wool
• Gaul (France)-olives, wine, grain, glass, and pottery
• Asia Minor-wool, linen, timber
• Egypt-papyrus
Traders brought __________________ from __________________ the empire.
• Africa-gold, incense, ivory,
• China/India- spices, silk, tea, porcelain
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Currency System
• Coins helped to _____________________ trade throughout the empire.
• Coins made it easier to trade ________________throughout the Empire.
• Coins made it easier to pay _____________________.
Roman Roads increased Trade
Romans built a network of sophisticated and durable roads that promoted:
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Trade Improved
the Lives of Roman People
• Roman citizens could buy things.
• Roman merchants became_______________.
• Rome built ______________ to bring water into the cities.
• Rome built great ____________ and __________________ for the entertainment of the people.
Increased Trade Promoted an Exchange of Culture
Trade with other places (Africa, Asia, northern Europe) _____________ ____________ _______________ throughout the world.
• Philosophy
• Architecture
• Literature
• Laws (twelve tables-written code of laws)
• Republican form of government
The Roman Army
How was the Roman Army organized?
• Main part of the army was the _____________
• This was made up of 5000 men under the command of the ________________
• The legion was divided into ________ cohorts
• Each cohort was made up of __________ centuries
• The centuries were commanded by a ________________
• Centuries originally had __________ men
• The centurions were very important men
• They were responsible for training the soldiers under their command and making sure everyone ____________ __________________.
• Some were very cruel
Roman Standard
• Each century had its own ________________ or standard.
• This was carried by the standard bearer, a very experienced and ___________ soldier
• To lose your standard was a great __________________
How to be a Soldier!
• You had to be a _________________ ___________________.
• You had to be __________________ fit and 1.6m tall
• You were expected to stay in the army for _________ years
Training
• Most soldiers joined between _____________ years old
• There were three 30km marches each month
• On each march the ______________ (soldier) would carry 25 kilos of equipment
• Legionaries would also learn drill, or marching
• This was important for learning manoeuvres in battle
• New recruits were given shields and swords twice as heavy as the real thing!
EQ 1:
What caused the Roman Republic to become an empire and how was that empire structured?
EQ 2:
How did an increase in trade affect the quality of life for Romans?
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