Seasons Moon Phases Eclipses and Tides Review



Directions: Fill in the blanks using the word bank above. You MAY re-use a word more than once if necessary.

1. The imaginary line drawn from the north geographic pole to the south geographic pole is called Earth's __________. It tilts at _____ degrees towards the _______________ at all times.

2. Earth spins on its axis, and one rotation takes about _____________.

3. ________________ causes Earth to have day and night.

4. How long is one Earth revolution? ________ or _____ days.

5. The path around the Sun is called a(n) _______. It is the shape of an ellipse (oval).

6. What is a leap year? ____________________________________________________.

7. Earth’s _____________ and ____________ are the reasons we have _________.

8. The hemisphere leaning toward the Sun has ________ with hotter and longer days (more __________ sunlight). The first day of this season is called the ____________ _____________. (2 words) The first day of this season is sometimes referred to as the _____________ day because it has the ___________ daylight of the year.

9. The hemisphere leaning away from the Sun has the season _________ with colder and shorter days (_____________ sunlight). The first day of this season is called the ______________ ________________. (2 words) The first day of this season is sometimes referred to as the _____________ day because it has the ___________ daylight of the year.

10. When it is Fall in North America, it is ________ in South America (in the southern hemisphere).

11. During an equinox, the Sun is directly above Earth's ___________ (an imaginary line between the hemispheres) and day and night are ______ hours each.

12. During the ________________ __________________ and the _______________ __________________, the poles are not tilted towards OR away from the sun.

13. Name the 4 seasons in order beginning with Spring:

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

14. The Sun is always lighting ________ of the Earth; the side facing the sun is having ___________ and the side facing away from the sun is having ____________.

Directions: Answer the following questions using COMPLETE SENTENCES.

15. Explain the difference between rotation and revolution.

16. Explain the difference between direct and indirect light.

17. What causes the seasons?

18. Draw the position of the Earth and Sun during December Solstice. Label the tilt of the Earth and draw its orbital path. Label where the Earth is getting more direct light and where it is getting indirect light.

19. Draw the position of the Earth and Sun during June Solstice. Label the tilt of the Earth and draw its orbital path. Label where the Earth is getting more direct light and where it is getting indirect light.

20. Draw the position of the Earth and Sun during March Equinox. Label the tilt of the Earth and draw its orbital path. Tell me about the tilt of the Earth in relation to the sun on this day. Include how many hours of light and night are on this day.

21. Draw the position of the Earth and Sun during September Equinox. Label the tilt of the Earth and draw its orbital path. Tell me about the tilt of the Earth in relation to the sun on this day. Include how many hours of light and night are on this day.

22. What are the dates of the first day of each season?

a. June Solstice (Summer Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere):

b. December Solstice (Winter Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere):

c. September Equinox (Autumnal/Fall Equinox in the Northern Hemisphere):

d. March Equinox (Spring/Vernal Equinox in the Northern Hemisphere):

23. Explain Newton’s Laws of Gravity.

24. Explain Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity.

25. What direction are most galaxies moving?

26. Explain the difference between red shift and blue shift. Make sure you include direction of movement and wavelength.

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Word Bank

gravity direct 1 year summer axis indirect

seasons equator Earth revolution 23.5 solstice

365 ¼ winter orbit 1 day rotation equinox

12 spring/vernal 24 summer solstice tilt fall/autumn

same side north star solar winter solstice shortest longest

most least day night half

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