THE COLD WAR



THE COLD WAR

I. OBJ #1: Describe how the end of WWII in Europe sparked the COLD WAR. What two countries became known as Super Powers? What did Churchill describe the Soviet Union doing to its part of Europe? What was the American approach to fighting the Cold War in Europe? How did Berlin become the center of this fight?

A. Yalta Conference (1945) “_________” (British/U.S./Soviet Union)

1. Stalin Agrees to Elections in all E. Europe

a. ____________________!!!!!!!

2. Germany to be split until elections (___________________

a. _______________________ too though on Soviet side (East)

B. ___________________________

1. Learned lesson from WWI - What?

a. Plan to help Europe Rebuild (Even W. Germany)

1. Large _____________

2. _______________ Equipment

3. Keeps U.S. ________________________ going after WWII

4. Strengthens NATO and U.S. as its leader

b. _________________ hates it (Says it’s spreading capitalism)

C. ________________________ Descends (1948)

1. Stalin refuses Elections in E. Europe

2. US and Br./Fr. Create “_____________” W. Germany

a. W. Berlin included in plan

b. Stalin ________________ Berlin (No Western Road Access)

3. BERLIN BECOMES ____________________________

a. Berlin ___________(Stalin cuts-off land contact with Free West Berlin)

*________ months day/night (airplanes w/supplies)

b. 1949, 2 Germanys _________________________

c. _____________________- 1961 (Literal Iron Curtain)

**Built to keep people ________ Communist East Germany

**People were _____________ and communist needed them to stay

D. Containment Policy

1. KEEP ______________________________________________________!!!

a. Plan to keep communism where it is but not let it grow

2. Armed Camps

a. West forms _____________ North Atlantic Treaty Org.

-One country attacked, they all have been (Like a __________)

-Led by _______ / Western Europe

b. Soviets respond- ____________________________

-Communist Countries Military Pact

-Controlled by Moscow !

**Armed Gangs facing each other

II. OBJ #2: Describe how the Cold War created a new Red Scare. What was McCarthyism and who started it? How were people treated that didn’t totally agree with McCarthy? What did McCarthy claim to have that ended up never existing.

A. ________________ Scare

1. U.S. citizens fear Soviet ______________________ / Communism

a. Very similar to ______________________

B. MCCarthyISM

1. Joe ______________________ Weak Senator from Wisconsin

a. Will probably not be re-elected

1 The ________________

a. Suddenly finds list of _____________ that work in the U.S. government

** Will not show anyone list

** Starts questioning people

“Are you now, or have you ever been a member of the communist party?”

3. RESULTS

a. People who refused to help assumed guilty!

b. Witnesses start accusing other people to keep from getting attacked!

c. _____________________________________!

**____________/ __________________ / ___________________

**McCarthy HAD ______________________!!

III. OBJ #3: Describe the first ‘Hot War’ of the Cold War (Years). What was the role of the U.N. in the war? How did the Soviets mess up and allow the U.N. to fight a communist country? How did General McArthur become a hero during the war but was also fired? What was the result of this ‘Hot War’?

A. ______________________ Nations

1. 1st plan – League of Nations after WWI

**U.S. ___________________ to Join!! (Isolationism)

2. Designed to keep countries from going to war

a. ____________________ Keeping -International Cooperation

3. Leadership

**_________________________ Council (Really in Charge!)

a. Reason U.S. decides to join

b. _______, Fr., Br., ___________, and later China

(All have VETO POWER w/1 vote!)

B. ___________________________ War (1950-53)

**Communist N. Korea attacks the ___________________

1. South Korea asks _____________ for help

a. U.S., Br. And Fr. Support helping

b. Soviets walk out of Security Council

**Vote goes anyway – Help S. Korea

(They don’t do that again! Forgot Veto!)

2. ___________________________________ aid S. Korea

a. Push N. Korea to Chinese Border

-MacArthur wants to invade __________________

**Talks about dropping the ________________________!

b. Chinese Invade to help _____________________

-U.S. in full __________________(Thousands killed!)

c. Peace w/U.S. and China

-_______________________________ where it was

IV. OBJ #4: Describe how the U.S. and the USSR competed in the area of technology. What was the first man-made object put into space (What country got it there / year)? What event made the U.S. the winner (year)?

A. Competition

1. The Races

a. __________________ Race

-Competition to build the most ___________ and non-nuclear weapons

BIG: 1950’s, 60’s and 80’s

**Arms control talks in late 1970’s limits

-ICBM- Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles

**____________________ could be fired from one continent to

the other accurately this meant war could happen at any time.

a. ___________________ Race

-Competition to make it to Space _________

-Soviets win (________________ –1957)

-The ______________(U.S. 1969)

V. OBJ #5: Describe the ‘Domino Theory.’ What ‘Hot War’ did the U.S. become involved in because of this theory? What advantages did the Vietnamese have in fighting? What about Ho Chi Minh made the Domino Theory wrong? How did the draft and lottery cause trouble in the U.S.? What happened in 1975?

A. The ____________________ Theory

1. If one country goes Communist the surrounding countries ______________

2 Vietnam War (_______________________)

a. 1950’s- ________________ support for S. Vietnam

b. 1960’- ______________Support Added to Vietnam

**_________________ – N. Vietnamese ‘attack’ U.S ships in gulf

-Congress allows “Take all necessary measures” Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

c. 1970’s- Troops ________________________

2. Vietnam Reaction at Home

a. Good at 1st – STOP COMMUNISM

b. _____________________________________- Big Problem

**College Students Exempt

(But most opposed to the war)

**Others ________________to Canada

c. _______________________! - Totally opposed to war

VI. OBJ #6: What approach did Ronald Reagan take towards winning the Cold War? What was ‘Star Wars’? How did Gorbachev affect the fall of communism? What symbolized the end of the Cold War?

A. End of Cold War

1. ____________________ (1970’s) - __________

*Relax or ease international Tension

a. Open relations w/Communist China

**USSR & ________ don’t get along even though both Communist

b. Began Arms talks w/USSR

**Reduce Nuclear Weapons!

-Stop Testing? – _______________________

B. The “Evil Empire” – 1980’s

1. ____________________________ Challenges Soviets

*Says we believe they are bad “EVIL”

a. Starts Building _______________ Again

-See if Soviets can keep up (Checkbook!)

b. Challenges Them :

“Mr. Gorbachev _______________________________!”

2. Soviet Change- Glasnost/Perestroyka

- Gorbachev’s attempt to open Soviet society

**DESTROYED IT!– SYSTEM WAS CORRUPT!!

3. _________________________________ Falls! (E. Europe Free)

**Soviets do not react (Had in past-Hungary)

- Bush as President

4. –NOV. 9, 1989 __________________________________

**NO ONE EXPECTS IT

Competition: Allied Countries- Domino Theory

Ideology- Communism v. Capitalism Science- Space Race

Technology- Cars/Military Sports?- Olympics

THE COLD WAR

I. OBJ #1: Describe how the end of WWII in Europe sparked the COLD WAR. What two countries became known as Super Powers? What did Churchill describe the Soviet Union doing to its part of Europe? What was the American approach to fighting the Cold War in Europe? How did Berlin become the center of this fight?

A. Yalta Conference (1945) “Big 3” (British/U.S./Soviet Union)

1. Stalin Agrees to Elections in all E. Europe

a. LIES!!!!!!!

2. Germany to be split until elections (E. & W.)

a. Berlin split too though on Soviet side (East)

B. Marshall Plan

2. Learned lesson from WWI - What?

a. Plan to help Europe Rebuild (Even W. Germany)

1. Large Loans

2. American Equipment

3. Keeps U.S. factories going after WWII

4. Strengthens NATO and U.S. as its leader

b. Stalin hates it (Says it’s spreading capitalism)

C. Iron Curtain Descends (1948)

1. Stalin refuses Elections in E. Europe

2. US and Br./Fr. Create “Free” W. Germany

a. W. Berlin included in plan

b. Stalin cuts off Berlin (No Western Road Access)

3. BERLIN BECOMES BATTLE GROUND

a. Berlin Airlift (Stalin cuts-off land contact with Free West Berlin)

*10 months day/night (airplanes w/supplies)

b. 1949, 2 Germanys East & West

c. Berlin Wall- 1961 (Literal Iron Curtain)

**Built to keep people IN Communist East Germany

**People were leaving and communist needed them to stay

D. Containment Policy

1. KEEP COMMUNISM FROM EXPANDING!!!

a. Plan to keep communism where it is but not let it grow

2. Armed Camps

a. West forms NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Org.

-One country attacked, they all have been (Like a team)

-Led by U.S. / Western Europe

b. Soviets respond- Warsaw Pact

-Communist Countries Military Pact

-Controlled by Moscow !

**Armed Gangs facing each other

II. OBJ #2: Describe how the Cold War created a new Red Scare. What was McCarthyism and who started it? How were people treated that didn’t totally agree with McCarthy? What did McCarthy claim to have that ended up never existing.

A. Red Scare

2. U.S. citizens fear Soviet Expansion / Communism

a. Very similar to 1920’s

B. MCCarthyISM

1. Joe McCarthy- Weak Senator from Wisconsin

a. Will probably not be re-elected

1 The LIST

a. Suddenly finds list of communist that work in the U.S. government

** Will not show anyone list

** Starts questioning people

“Are you now, or have you ever been a member of the communist party?”

3. RESULTS

a. People who refused to help assumed guilty!

b. Witnesses start accusing other people to keep from getting attacked!

c. Hundreds of lives ruined!

**Fired / Blacklisted / Jailed

**McCarthy HAD NOTHING!!!

III. OBJ #3: Describe the first ‘Hot War’ of the Cold War (Years). What was the role of the U.N. in the war? How did the Soviets mess up and allow the U.N. to fight a communist country? How did General McArthur become a hero during the war but was also fired? What was the result of this ‘Hot War’?

A. United Nations

1. 1st plan – League of Nations after WWI

**U.S. refused to Join!! (Isolationism)

2. Designed to keep countries from going to war

a. Peace Keeping -International Cooperation

3. Leadership

**Security Council (Really in Charge!)

a. Reason U.S. decides to join

b. U.S., Fr., Br., USSR, and later China

(All have VETO POWER w/1 vote!)

B. KOREAN War (1950-53)

**Communist N. Korea attacks the South!

1. South Korea asks U.N. for help

a. U.S., Br. And Fr. Support helping

b. Soviets walk out of Security Council

**Vote goes anyway – Help S. Korea

(They don’t do that again! Forgot Veto!)

2. U.S. and Free world aid S. Korea

a. Push N. Korea to Chinese Border

-McArthur wants to invade China

**Talks about dropping the BOMB!

b. Chinese Invade to help N. Korea

-U.S. in full Retreat (Thousands killed!)

c. Peace w/U.S. and China

-Border put back where it was

IV. OBJ #4: Describe how the U.S. and the USSR competed in the area of technology. What was the first man-made object put into space (What country got it there / year)? What event made the U.S. the winner (year)?

A. Competition

1. The Races

a. Arms Race

-Competition to build the most nuclear and non-nuclear weapons

BIG: 1950’s, 60’s and 80’s

**Arms control talks in late 1970’s limits

-ICBM- Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles

**Missiles could be fired from one continent to the other

accurately this meant war could happen at any time.

b. Space Race

-Competition to make it to Space 1st

-Soviets win (Sputnik –1957)

-The MOON (U.S. 1969)

V. OBJ #5: Describe the ‘Domino Theory.’ What ‘Hot War’ did the U.S. become involved in because of this theory? What advantages did the Vietnamese have in fighting? What about Ho Chi Minh made the Domino Theory wrong? How did the draft and lottery cause trouble in the U.S.? What happened in 1975?

A. The Domino Theory

3. If one country goes Communist the surrounding countries will fall too

14 Vietnam War (1955-1975)

d. 1950’s- Money support for S. Vietnam

e. 1960’- Troop Support Added to Vietnam

**Gulf of Tonkin – N. Vietnamese ‘attack’ U.S ships in gulf

-Congress allows “Take all necessary measures” Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

f. 1970’s- Troops Withdrawn

4. Vietnam Reaction at Home

a. Good at 1st – STOP COMMUNISM

b. DRAFT/LOTTERY- Big Problem

**College Students Exempt

(But most opposed to the war)

**Others Fled to Canada

c. HIPPIES! - Totally opposed to war

VI. OBJ #6: What approach did Ronald Reagan take towards winning the Cold War? What was ‘Star Wars’? How did Gorbachev affect the fall of communism? What symbolized the end of the Cold War?

A. End of Cold War

1. Détente (1970’s) - Nixon

*Relax or ease international Tension

a. Open relations w/Communist China

**USSR & China don’t get along even though both Communist

b. Began Arms talks w/USSR

**Reduce Nuclear Weapons!

-Stop Testing? – NV.

B. The “Evil Empire” – 1980’s

1. Reagan Challenges Soviets

*Says we believe they are bad “EVIL”

a. Starts Building Arms Again

-See if Soviets can keep up (Checkbook!)

b. Challenges Them :

“Mr. Gorbachev tear down this wall!”

2. Soviet Change- Glasnost/Perestroyka

- Gorbachev’s attempt to open Soviet society

**DESTROYED IT!– SYSTEM WAS CORRUPT!!

3. Iron Curtain Falls! (E. Europe Free)

**Soviets do not react (Had in past-Hungary)

- Bush as President

4. –NOV. 9, 1989 Berlin Wall Falls

**NO ONE EXPECTS IT

Competition: Allied Countries- Domino Theory

Ideology- Communism v. Capitalism Science- Space Race

Technology- Cars/Military Sports?- Olympics

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