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Minnesota Chitin Classic: Round 8

Packet by Maryland (Mike Bentley, Brittany Clark, Jeremy Eaton, Jonathan Magin, Charles Meigs, Chris Ray)

Tossups

1. In this religion, Jahi is a figure described as a “primeval whore” who kissed an evil deity and thus brought menstruation upon the world. Sraosha is one of the guardians of Chinvat, a bridge to heaven that either narrows or widens depending on a person’s behaviors. Azhidaka is a famous demon in this religion, while other figures include Gayomart, the first man, and various Amesha Spentas. Most famous for two figures senator Henry Davis of Maryland wrote about, an attempt to reconcile those two figures with monotheism brought about the Zurvanist heresy. A cosmic battle between Ahriman and Ahura Mazda, for 10 points each, name this religion.

ANSWER: Zoroastrianism or Zardushtiyya

2. One of this bill's namesakes faced an eponymous hearing in 1904 that questioned if he should be seated in Congress due to his his former role as an Apostle in the Mormon church.  Some historians have credited the victory of Richard Bedford Bennett over William Mackenzie King as a consequence of the latter's inaction in retaliating against it, and the general lack of ad valorem levels in this legislation still leaves ambiguous its exact consequences.  Many of its provisions were overturned by by the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act.  For 10 points each, name this doubly-eponymous tariff of 1930 that set rates at record levels, blamed by many economists for worsening the Great Depression.

ANSWER: Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act (or Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act;  if anyone is able to come up with a legitimate other bill that Smoot attached his name to, award them points on a first line buzz.)

3. High plains on this planet are dotted with pits like the Leviathan Patera, indicating huge flows of possibly ammonia-based lava. This topography, combined with geologic diapir activity, casues the “canteloupe” appearance of this body, which may actually have atmospheric winds as evidence by the streaked pattern of geyser residue. It cannot have arisen out of the same solar nebula that yielded the body it orbits, evidence by its retrograde rotation, leading most astronomers to conclude that this moon is a capture Kuiper Belt object. Cryovolcanism runs rampant on, for 10 points each, what coldest body in the solar system, the largest moon of Neptune?

ANSWER: Triton

4. A figure to the left of the title character in this painting is often misidentified as its artist or his friend Frederic Villot.  Upon completion, it was bought by the Ministry of the Interior and later displayed in the Luxembourg Gallery.  Heinrich Heine called the central figure a "strange blending of Phryne, fishwife and goddess", and to that yellow draped figure's right is a young boy in a black vest holding two pistols.  Also containing a man with a top hat, it is sometimes called The 28th of July in reference to a scene from the July Revolution it depicts.  For 10 points each, name this work where the bare-breasted title figure on a barricade holds up a French flag, a painting by Eugene Delacroix.

ANSWER: The 28th of July: Liberty Leading the People (or Liberty on the Barricades; accept The 28th of July before said)

5. This city is the headquarters of the scandal-ridden Bawag bank, and President Bush's order for states to uphold conventions made in this city was the focus of the recent Supreme Court case of Medellin v. Texas.  Its International Centre houses the International Atomic Energy Agency and the headquarters of OPEC.  This world capital is also home to Chancellor Alfred Gusenbauer and Federal President Heinz Fischer and formerly to rulers like Bruno Kreiskly.  For 10 points each, identify this site of a famous Congress held by Metternich, the capital of Austria.

ANSWER: Vienna, Austria

6. Different values of this quantity for a nucleus at minimal energy is used to find the Yrast.  When coupling of this quantity occurs, Clebsch-Gordan coefficients are produced.  One property of this gives rise to Kepler's Second Law, also known as the law of equal areas, and that same property of this quantity about the z axis is explained in Noether's Theorem.  One definition of this quantity is the product of the moment of inertia with the angular velocity, while it is also equal to r cross p.  It explains why a spinning gyroscope does not fall over.  For 10 points each, identify this conserved quantity, often symbolized L.

ANSWER: Angular Momentum

7. At the Battle of Sant’Antonio, he fought against Juan Manuel de las Rosas after having made a trek from Rio Grande do Sul Province with his wife. He defeated a French army at the Janiculum Hill although he was later made a member of the French National Assembly for his efforts in the Franco-Prussian War. Wounded and captured at Aspromonte after fighting the Austrians, he won the battles of Milazzo and Calatafimi, securing his control over Sicily before crossing the Strait of Messina and taking Naples. Fighting for Victor Emmanuel, he captured Naples with the help of his “red shirts.” For 10 points each, name this liberator of Italy.

ANSWER: Giuseppe Garibaldi

8. In this poet’s early work he often used erotic and unconventional metaphors such as comparing the exploration of America to the undressing of his mistress in “To His Mistress Going to Bed”. He compares two separated lovers as the legs of a compass in A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning and equates marriage with two lovers being bitten by the titular flea. Both Thomas Merton, in his No Man is an Island, and Hemingway for “For Whom the Bell Tolls” took their titles from this poet’s Meditation XVII.  For 10 points each, identify this metaphysical poet whose works include Elegies, and Holy Sonnets, one of which include the line “Death be not proud”.

ANSWER: John Donne

9. Melford Spiro studied these entities and wrote a book about them as “A Venture in Utopia.” Spiro concluded that in these entities an extreme version of the Westermarck effect and believing that children in these entities formed ersatz sibling relationships. One major researcher on these entities concluded that their populations would not produce “leaders or philosophers,” and sought to determine the link between the nature of a society and how its children were raised. That book, The Children of the Dream, has been harshly criticized for Bruno Bettelheim’s inaccurate hypotheses of these entities. For 10 points each, name these entities, collective farms established in Israel.

ANSWER: qibbutzim

10. In one of his earlier roles, he can be seen rolling his eyes at Patrick Swayze’s hypocritical character in Donnie Darko. On his first TV series, he played a character who underwent a crisis when he found out the tuba player he was dating was born with male and female parts. He played a friend of Matt Dillon’s character in the acclaimed You, Me, and Dupree, and taught the titular character to be like David Caruso in Jade in order to impress women in The Forty-Year-Old Virgin. In another role, he told his partner to not “cock-block” McLovin’, and he first gained fame for roles on “Freaks and Geeks” and “Undeclared.” For 10 points each, name this pudgy Canadian star of Knocked Up.

ANSWER: Seth Rogen

11. Although this author's poem Hans Kachelgarten was a huge failure, he was more successful with a story about a man who lives through the deaths of his sons Andriy and Ostap. His short story collections include Mirgorod and Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka, and he left Russia due to backlash against his play about Khlestakov, who is mistaken for the title official. He also wrote a short story about Akaki Akakievich's purchase of the title garment and a novel about Chichikov. For 10 points each, name this Russian author of Taras Bulba, The Inspector General, “The Overcoat” and Dead Souls.

ANSWER: Nikolai Gogol

12. The Homalozoa are an unusual species in this phylum because they are secondarily bilateral, and scholarly debate exists over whether this phylum's asteroidea and ophiuroidea form the same clade.  One of these species discharges parts of its organs when under attack and also uses sticky threads as a defense mechanism.  The arrangement of the mouth on one of these creatures is known as Aristotle's lantern.  They contain sensors at the end of their podia or tubed feet, which are connected to their water vascular system.  For 10 points each, identify this phylum whose members exhibit radial symmetry, a phylum that includes sea cucumbers and starfish.

ANSWER: Enchinodermata (or Echinoderms)

13. This body achieved an important victory at the Eurymedon River and drove Pausanias out of Byzantium on accusations of Medizing. It is contested that this body perpetrated the first genocide against the residents of Naxos and forced Carystus into membership. It sent cleruchies to the islands of Scyros and the city of Eion and its finances were controlled by hellenotamiai. After the failure of Alcibiades’ campaign, support began to waver, and it was disbanded after the defeat of Aegospotami. Centered on an island that was the site of the Temple of Apollo, for 10 points each, name this league of “states,” effectively an Athenian Empire.

ANSWER: Delian League (prompt on anything to do with Athens)

14. In their pantheon, the Bacabs were a group of four gods who held up the sky while Tepeu was one of the gods associated with their creation.  Another of their deities, closely related to Cocijo, was associated with rains and floods and was named Chac.  Their underworld, accessible through the ball court, was known as Xibalba [she-bal-ba] and was described in their epic, the Popul Vuh.  With a religion practiced at places like Palenque and Tikal, for 10 points each, identify this culture primarily of the Yucatan Peninsula that are not the Aztecs.

ANSWER: Maya

15. The author had originally intended to name the three main characters Francis Melarkey, and Seth and Dinah Piper but changed them around when he finished the novel. Some characters, such as the McKiscos, however, did survive the character changes. Albert finds himself in a duel with Tommy Barban in this work, after a misunderstanding in a car ride home from a dinner party. With a title derived from Keat's “Ode to a Nightingale,” it uses the relationship between Dick and Nicole Diver to mirror the author's own struggle with his wife Zelda's mental illness. For 10 points each, identify this nocturnally-titled novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald.

ANSWER: Tender is the Night

16. One man responds to the characterization of this character as “virtuous and well-govern'd” with the promise of a conversion to “bitter gall.” The first mention of this character describes him as wondering early in the morning under a Sycamore Tree, where he complains that about the recent chastity vows adopted by Rosaline. He listens to his best friend's speech about Queen Mab and later receives troubling news from his man Balthazar, after having sought out the aide of Friar Lawrence and endured the death of Mercutio. The cousin of Benvolio and slayer of Tybalt, for 10 points each, name this Montague who, in a Shakespeare play, rather enjoys the company of the Juliet.

ANSWER: Romeo Montague

17. Julius Caesar and Seneca wrote plays about him, with the latter introducing the character of Manto, the daughter of a prophet who reveals this character his fate.  In a lost play, this man's fate is attributed to his father's kidnapping of Chrysippus.  In one of the most famous accounts, he sends Tiresias to find the killer of Laius and also blames Creon for doing the deed, and his story is told by Jocasta in the Phoenician Women.  Sophocles wrote about him at Colonus and as the King.  For 10 points each, identify this character who married his mother and killed his father, the namesake of a Freudian complex.

ANSWER: Oedipus

18. When properly optimized, the Sieve of Atkins is a modern method for finding them that is faster than the ancient Sieve of Eratosthenes. There are infinitely many of them, and the Riemann hypothesis and Goldbach conjecture speculate on their distribution and the expression on integers as pairs of them, respectively. Really large ones factor into the RSA encryption method commonly used for secure internet transactions while special ones identified by Mersenne are equal to one less than 2 raised to certain powers. 2 is the only even example of, for 10 points each, what numbers whose factors consist only of 1 and themselves?

ANSWER: Prime numbers

19. He employed a four-part choir in his somewhat misnamed Messa di Gloria, and once punched a theater manager for attempting to perform the one-act operas that comprise his The Triptych separately. One of his opera's centers on a soldier's sister and was inspired by Abbe Prevost, while another is set partly in a polka saloon and is based off the writings of David Belasco. In addition to Manon Lescaut and The Girl of the Golden West, this composer of Edgar and The Swallow used other Belasco writings to create his work about Sharpless, Goro, Pinkerton, and Cio-Cio San. For 10 points each, identify this Italian composer of Turandot, Tosca, La Boheme, and Madame Butterfly.

ANSWER: Giacomo Puccinni

20. This country is home to a city that was built by such kings as Anawratha and Kyanzittha. It owns such as islands as Ramree, Preparis, and Cheduba, and the city of Sagaing is near the point at which the Chindwin branches off from this country’s longest river. Indented by the Gulf of Martaban, its Shan province is home to the Salween River, and the capital lies on the Sittang River and was renamed Naypyidaw after it was decided that the former capital, site of the Shwedagon Pagoda, was too susceptible to American naval invasion. For 10 points each, name this country, the site of cities such as Mandalay and Yangon, or Rangoon.

ANSWER: Myanmar [or Burma]

TB. This dedicatee of the Battle of the Ten Kings married the daughter of Puloman, and suffered Ahalya's curse. Attended by the Maruts, he currently watches the dance of the Apsaras and Gandharvas on Mount Meru, and destroyed the Vala, freeing a bunch of cows. He is lord of Svargaloka and, with Agni, leader of the Devas. In his most famous endeavor, he liberated the waters in the Rig Veda after slaying Vritra while intoxicated with Soma. FTP, identify this lightning-wielding war god from Hinduism, whose status as chief deity was somewhat supplanted by the rise of Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva.

ANSWER: Indra

Minnesota Chitin Classic: Round 8

Packet by Maryland (Mike Bentley, Brittany Clark, Jeremy Eaton, Jonathan Magin, Charles Meigs, Chris Ray)

Bonuses

1. Identify the following comedic Mozart operas, for 10 points each.

[10] The former barber of Seville and current valet of the Count Almaviva ends up in the middle of a handful of cases of mistaken identity following some nuptials in this opera.

ANSWER: The Marriage of Figaro [or Le nozze di Figaro]

[10] Like The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, Lorenzo da Ponte wrote the libretto for this Mozart opera about a school for lovers and fiance swapping.

ANSWER: Cosi Fan Tutte

[10] Constanza and her maid Blonda are taken prisoner by some pirates and sold to Selim Pasha in this opera, but they eventually get released when their lovers come to find them.

ANSWER: The Abduction from the Seraglio [or Die Entführung aus dem Serail]

2. Identify the following about American involvement in World War I, for 10 points each.

[10] The sinking of this passenger liner ship on May 7, 1915 by a German U-Boat was one of the impetuses for Wilson obtaining a Declaration of War against Germany.

ANSWER: RMS Lusitania

[10] Americans were also angry at Germany for sending this message to Mexico promising them the restoration of lands lost in the Mexican War if Mexico entered the war on the side of the Germans.

ANSWER: Zimmerman Telegram

[10] American dough boys were pivotal in turning back this last German offensive of the war, also known as the 5th Ludendorff Offensive, at the second battle of this name fought in late July and early August 1918.

ANSWER: Second Battle of the Marne (or Battle of the Reims)

3. He wrote of his travels with Henry Christy in Mexico in the work Anahuac. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this 19th century English anthropologist most famous for the hilarious Primitive Culture.

ANSWER: Edward Burnett Tylor

[10] In Primitive Culture, Tylor connects this ethnic group with the Scythians for their practice of “hide-boiling.” In their own country, they may be best known for forming movements such as Fianna Fail.

ANSWER: The Irish (accept equivalents)

[10] Tylor's anthropology was hugely influence by this author of The Descent of Man, whose theories also critically influenced Herbet Spencer. T.H. Huxley's defense of those theories earned him the the label of this man's “bulldog.”

ANSWER: Charles Darwin

4. The First Fundament Theorem of this mathematical discipline describes how the key operations of integration and differentiation are related.  For 10 points each:

[10] First, name this mathematics of motion invented by Newton and Leibniz.

ANSWER: Calculus

[10] This theorem from calculus states that for a differentiable function with a continuous derivative function, if f of a equals 0 and f of b equals 0, there must be a point c between a and b such that the derivative of f of c is zero.

ANSWER: Rolle's Theorem

[10] This method of approximating definite integrals is named for a British mathematician that uses parabolic arcs rather than the straight lines in the trapezoidal rule.

ANSWER: Simpson's Rule (or Simpson's Method)

5. Answer some questions about a play and its impact, for 10 points each.

[10] Alison and Jimmy squabble over issues like their differing social roots in Act One of this John Osbourne play that also features Helena and Cliff.

ANSWER: Look Back in Anger

[10] John Osbourne's Look Back in Anger lends part of its name to this group of British authors in the early 1950s often including Phillip Larkin and Kingsley Amis.

ANSWER: Angry Young Men

[10] If you believe the Internet, this British playwright is sometimes grouped as one of the Angry Young Men.  But he is more associated with the Theatre of the Absurd thanks to his works like The Dumbwaiter and The Birthday Party.

ANSWER: Harold Pinter

6. Its last ruler was Bahadur Shah II, who lost power following the Sepoy rebellion in 1857.  For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this empire that controlled most of India from the 16th to 19th centuries.

ANSWER: Mughal Empire

[10] The Mughal Empire was established by this grandfather of Akbar, who was also victorious over the Delhi Sultanate at the First Battle of Panipat.

ANSWER: Babur

[10] A later Mughal Empire was this man, who famously built a mausoleum for his wife Arjumand Banu Begum that was finished in 1648.

ANSWER: Shah Jahan

7. Representations of this figure often depict him as a hummingbird or man dressed in armor. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this Aztec mythological figure whose mother Coatlicue was impregnated by a ball of hummingbird feathers falling from the sky.

ANSWER: Huitzilopochtli

[10] The Aztecs had a thing for feathers, as this guy who traveled to Mictlan to create the modern human race was known as the "plumed serpent."

ANSWER: Quetzalcoatl

[10] Huitzilopochtli used his xiuh coatl or “turquoise” snake to wipe out the Centzon Huitznaua or Four Hundred Stars and his sister Coyolxauhqui (coy-ul-shaw-kwee), a goddess of this represented by Sin in the Babylonian pantheon.

ANSWER: the moon

8. Identify the following about some of these things found in plants but not animals, for 10 points each.

[10] In addition to having a cell membrane, plant cells have this rigid layer made up of cellulose surrounding their bodies that are responsible for plants wilting. 

ANSWER: Cell Wall

[10] These plant growth hormones are primarily responsible for elongating cell walls.  They are also necessary for fruits to develop and can help regenerate the plant if it gets wounded, but are more famously associated with phototropism.

ANSWER: Auxin

[10] Plants and algae have these structures that store starches and are the location of phosynthesis. Chloroplasts are the best known examples.

ANSWER: plastids

9. This novel opens on Grand Isle, where the protagonist along with her husband Leonce and friend Adele are vacationing.  For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this proto-feminist novel which sees Edna Pontellier drowning herself after failing to land Robert Lebrun.

ANSWER: The Awakening

[10] This author of the collection Bayou Folk and the novel At Fault wrote The Awakening.

ANSWER: Kate Chopin

[10] Leonce asks this doctor to check up on Edna after she stars exhibiting strange behavior.   This character wonders if Edna has been hanging out with "pseudo-intellectual women" like Mademoiselle Reisz.

ANSWER: Doctor Mandelet

10. Name these things about the exciting geography of Wyoming, for 10 points each.

[10] This river of Wyoming and Montana flows 486 miles before meeting the Yellowstone. Its tributaries include Crazy Woman Creek, and to prepare for NAQT HSNCT, it shares its name with a 1995 Sean Patrick Flannery classic about a really, really white guy.

ANSWER: Powder River

[10] The largest mountain of this range is some 13,000 feet tall, 7,000 feet above the resort of Jackson Hole. Its name comes from the French for “breast.”

ANSWER: Tetons

[10] Highlights of this second-largest city in Wyoming include the Central Wyoming Fair and Rodeo. It was in oil fields to the north of this town, among them, the Teapot Dome, that helped scandalize the Harding administration.

ANSWER: Casper

11. It was named after Paul Tibbets's mother. For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this B-29 Superfortress, whose most famous action was repeated at another site three days later by Bockscar.

ANSWER: The Enola Gay

[10] The Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb on this Japanese city, an attack which preceded Nagasaki and inspired a work by John Hersey.

ANSWER: Hiroshima

[10] This bomb, dropped by the Enola Gay, actually constituted the second nuclear detonation in recorded history, since the Trinity Test, conducted by Los Alamos scientists working on the Manhattan Project, had been the first.

ANSWER: Little Boy (“Fat Man” was the bomb dropped on Nagasaki)

12. Identify some of these electrical components, for 10 points each.

[10] These devices usually contain four strips of colors in order to measure what their Ohm rating is.  Oh yeah their purpose is to oppose the current of a circuit.

ANSWER: Resistor

[10] These devices which store charge typically are composed of two conducting plates separated by a small distance. 

ANSWER: Capacitor

[10] This special type of resistor, which has three terminals, also usually contains an adjustable knob which is usually used to adjust the analog signal and do things like change a radio's volume.

ANSWER: Potentiometer

13. Identify the following about an important Chinese novel, for 10 points each.

[10] This Ming dynasty novel is essentially a fictional reimagining of Xuanzang's pilgrimage to India.

ANSWER: Journey to the West

[10] This character travels with Xuanzang on his Journey to the West.  He possesses the Magic Golden-Clasped Rod that he got from the Dragon King which he likes to put in his ear when he sleeps.

ANSWER: Handsome Monkey King (or Monkey Emperor or Sun Wukong or Xing Zhe or Pi Ma-Wen)

[10] Another animal character in Journey to the West is this character, the former commander of the navy of the Heavenly river can ride on a cloud and uses the "terrifying" Nine-Toothed Rake.

ANSWER: Eight Prefects Pig (or Pigsy or Zhu Bajie or Chu Pa-chieh or Tian Peng Yuan Shuai or Zhu Wu Neng or Altar Cleaning God)

14. Stuff about the International Space Station, for 10 points each.

[10] Work on the ISS slowed after this shuttle tragically exploded during re-entry in 2003.

ANSWER: Space Shuttle Columbia (or OV-102)

[10] Following the Columbia disaster, visits to the ISS were only possible through the use of this Russian spacecraft in operation since the 1960s.

ANSWER: Soyuz (I guess prompt on "Union")

[10] An Automated Transfer Vehicle named for this author recently achieved its first successful docking with the space station. He attached "The Extraordinary Voyages" to the titles of many of his works like one about Captain Nemo and his Nautilus.

ANSWER: Jules Gabriel Verne

15. Answer the following questions related to the cult classic You, Me, and Dupree.

[10] Dupree expresses that he wouldn’t have a difficult time imagining Audrey Hepburn getting “buttered up” to this classic Tone Loc song which refers to a kind of peach and cranberry vodka cocktail.

ANSWER: “Funky Cold Medina”

[10] Dupree suggests that a Japanese orchestra musician play baseball after insisting that this long-time A’s pitcher, given a distinctive nickname by Charlie O. Finley, was an orchestra member too. This man famously pitched a 1968 no-hitter and won the Cy Young Award in 1974 after having won three consecutive World Series.

ANSWER: Jim “Catfish” Hunter

[10] The end of the movie features this celebrity trying to pronounce his name with a “-ness” suffix, a Dupreeism. In perhaps his most memorable film appearance, he professed his fandom of Vince Vaughn’s Peter LaFleur character, and inspired that character to keep playing dodgeball.

ANSWER: Lance Armstrong

16. Answer the following about the works of Stephen Crane, for 10 points each.

[10] 19-year-old Henry Fleming earns the titular mark after fleeing from a battle during the American Civil War and being hit on the head with the butt of a rifle by a fellow soldier.

ANSWER: The Red Badge of Courage

[10] This novel is about a the titular girl who blossoms in a mud puddle and ends up becoming a victim of circumstance.

ANSWER: Maggie: A Girl of the Streets

[10] Based on an actual incident in Crane's life in 1897, this work fictionalizes the details from the 30 hours spent he adrift with three others after the sinking of the Commodore.

ANSWER: The Open Boat

17. Identify the following about technically the hardest non-liquid geographic feature to outrun, for 10 points each.

[10] Icebergs can calve off of these large slow rivers of ice which turn v-shaped river valleys into u-shaped valleys and often form lakes.

ANSWER: Glaciers

[10] This accumulation of debris which occurs at the edge of current and former glaciers can be found in ground, lateral and terminal types.

ANSWER: Moraine

[10] These glacial lakes form in a series connected by a steam and are created by terminal moraines. Their name means “our father” in Latin, another name for the Lord’s Prayer, due to their resemblance to rosary beads.

ANSWER: Paternoster lakes

18. His major work concerns such concepts as exemplars and paradigm shifts, an example of which being the overthrow of geocentrism by heliocentrism. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this modern American philosopher and writer of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.

ANSWER: Thomas S. Kuhn

[10] Kuhn’s work derives heavily from this Austrian philosophy who may have been hit by a poker by Wittgenstein and is best known for such works as The Logic of Scientific Discovery and The Open Society and Its Enemies.

ANSWER: Karl Popper

[10] The second section of The Open Society and Its Enemies deals with the “Aftermath” of this German philosopher of Phenomenology of Spirit, who espoused the concept of historical dialectic.

ANSWER: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

19. It included a guarantee of sovereignty for the Duchy of Oldenburg, and forced one signatory to start the Finnish War. For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this 1807 treaty, signed between Napoleon and Alexander I on a raft in the Neman River.

ANSWER: Treaty of Tilsit

[10] The Finnish War was declared not against, but this European power, who also fought with Russia under Charles XII in the Great Northern War.

ANSWER: Sweden

[10] The treaty was prompted by Napoleon's decisive victory at this 1807 battle near Konigsberg, which saw Bennigsen's troops defeated after first being pushed back from Eylau and Heilsberg.

ANSWER: Battle of Friedland

20. Its goals were laid out by the Realistic Manifesto of brothers Naum Gabo and Antoine Pevsner. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this movement perhaps most famous for Vladimir Tatlin’s unrealized Monument to the Third International.

ANSWER: constructivism

[10] El Lissitzky, a 20th century painter, is perhaps best known for depicting this colored object being driven into a circle with a white background. The title suggests that one “beats the Whites” with this object.

ANSWER: a red wedge

[10] This guy who did a White on White series as the founder of suprematism first coined the term constructive art, but he meant it in a bad way.

ANSWER: Kasmir Malevich

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