M & M's Chemistry Class



|Which ancient Greek philosopher first proposed that the smallest piece of | | |

|matter should be called the “atom”? | | |

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| | |What does the word “atom” mean? |

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|Which influential ancient Greek supported the Four-Element Theory or (Alchemy)?| |According to the quantum mechanical model of the atom, what is the maximum number |

| | |of electrons that can occupy the second energy level? |

|Which pair of arrows correctly represents how atomic radii change, from | |How did the quantum mechanical model of the atom improve on Bohr’s atomic model? |

|smallest radius to largest radius, on the periodic table of the elements? | | |

|[pic] | |a. By showing that most of the atom is empty space |

| | |b. By establishing the probability clouds of the electrons. |

| | |c. By predicting the particle nature of the electrons |

| | |d. By measuring the absorption spectra of discrete orbits |

|Isotopes of an element have different numbers of what? | |A table containing isotopes with atomic particles is shown |

| | |[pic] |

| | |Which set of values is correct for a neutral phosphorus atom? |

| | |a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 |

|Which scientist believed that electrons orbit around the nucleus of the atom in| |Which of the following says that you cannot know both the location and velocity of|

|set paths? | |an electron? |

| | | |

| | |a. Pauli Exclusion Principle |

| | |b. Aufbau Principle |

| | |c. Principal Quantum Number |

| | |d. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principal |

| | | |

| | |Which element on the periodic table has a total of 38 Protons? |

|[pic] | |How many total s orbital electrons can be found in a neutral Rb atom? |

|Which element below could be represented by this Lewis Dot Structure above? | | |

|a. 5 b.13 c. 33 d. 50 | |a. 2 b. 9 c. 10 d. 8 |

| [pic][pic] | |Scientists built a prototype of an electric device that may help predict human |

| | |reactions to new medicines. Which next step should the scientist take to determine|

| | |whether the device will be useful? |

| | |A. Test the device B. Modify the device |

| | |C. Reevaluate the design of the device |

| | |D. Build the real device for application |

|Oxygen has 4 electrons in the 2p orbital. In which of these orbitals are these | |Which statement about the atomic nucleus is correct? |

|electrons going to be found? | |A) It is composed of protons and electrons B) It is composed of protons |

|[pic][pic][pic][pic] | |only |

| | |C) It is composed of protons and neutrons |

| | |D) It is composed of electrons and neutrons |

|Choose 2 of the elements below that are ions of each other | |If an atom gains electrons then the resulting atom will have… |

| | | |

|a. P=14, N=14, E=14 | |a. a positive charge b. a negative charge c. a larger mass d. |

|b. P=12, N=14, E=10 | |smaller radius |

|c. P=12, N=13, E=10 | | |

|d. P=14, N=15, E=13 | | |

|What is the atomic # of Sc? | |Find the average atomic mass of an element if 78.99% of the atoms have a mass of |

| | |23.9850 amu, 10.00% have a mass of 24.9858 amu, and 11.01% have a mass of 25.9826 |

| | |amu. |

| | |(Show your work) |

| | |How may valence electrons would be found in an element in the Alkaline Earth |

|Mg+2 | |Metals? |

| | | |

|How many of each subatomic particle is found in the above isotope? | | |

|P=? | | |

|N=? | | |

|E=? | | |

|What is the oxidation # (charge) for Sulfur? | |In the following Hyphen Notation what does the 9 represent? Be-9 |

| | |a. Average atomic mass |

| | |b. atomic number |

| | |c. mass number for that isotope |

| | |d. number of neutrons |

|Who discovered the neutron? | |What experiment lead to the discovery that atoms are mostly empty space and have a|

| | |dense positive nucleus? |

|Who used a cathode ray tube to discover that electrons exist? | |Put the following discoveries in order. |

| | |Neutron discovered |

| | |Electron discovered |

| | |Nucleus discovered |

| | |Electrons travel in orbitals around nucleus (Quantum Model) |

| | |Electrons revolve around nucleus randomly |

| | |Electrons travel in fixed paths around nucleus. |

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| | |List 4 properties of all metals |

|How many moles of magnesium is 3.01 x 1022 atoms of magnesium? | |How many molecules are there in 4.00 moles of glucose, C6H12O6? |

|How many moles are | |According to Lewis Dot Notation how many unshared pair of electrons are there on |

|1.20 x 1025 atoms of phosphorous? | |an unbounded Chlorine atom? |

|How many liters are in 0.750 moles of oxygen gas at STP? | |Which group of elements do not form bonds normally? |

|Why do the Noble gases normally not form bonds? | |Which of the following elements will NOT be surrounded by and octet of electrons? |

| | | |

| | |a. Hydrogen b. Carbon |

| | |c. Oxygen d. Chlorine |

|How many moles are in 0.400L of hydrogen gas at STP? | |According to the Quantum Mechanical model, electrons are arranged around the |

| | |nucleus in 3D regions called what? |

|The maximum number of electrons that any single part of an orbital can hold is | |In the 3rd energy level, what types of orbital are possible? |

|? | |a. only s and p |

| | |b. s, p, d, and f |

| | |c. s, p, and d |

|How many total electrons can a p orbital hold? | |The shape of an s orbital is what shape? |

|In the symbol 3p4 | |The valence electrons of an atom generally determine the? |

|a. The 3 represents the principal energy level | |a. physical state |

|b. the p represents the principal energy level | |b. chemical behavior |

|c. the 4 represents the principal energy level | |c. name of the element |

| | |d. the mass of the element |

|Elements in a group on the periodic table have… | | The electronic configuration of an atom an element with atomic number 8 is |

|a. different orbitals for their valence electrons | | |

|b. no valence electrons | |a. 1s22s6 b.  1s22s22p6 |

|c. valence electrons arranged in a similar way to each other | |c. 2s22p6 d. 1s22s22p4 |

|Which one of the following is not the electronic configuration of atom of a | |Hund's Rule states that... |

|noble gas? | | |

|a.  1s2 | |A. you must not sit next to another person on a bus |

|b. 1s22s2 | |b. electrons enter the lowest available energy level |

|c. 1s22s22p6 | |c. an orbital can hold up to two electrons |

|d. 1s22s22p63s23p6 | |d. electrons in similar energy orbitals remain unpaired as long as possible |

|What is the electronic configuration of a sodium ion Na+1 ? | |Which of the following is the correct order for electrons filling in orbitals? |

| | |1s, 2s, 2p, 2d |

|a. 1s22s22p6 | | 3p, 4s, 3d, 5s |

|b. 1s22s22p63s1 | | 4s, 3d, 4p, 4d |

|c. 1s22s22p63s2 | | 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d |

|d. 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 | | |

|How many electrons are in the highest energy level of a neutral Calcium atom? | |The characteristic light spectrum of an element is produced when _____. |

| | | |

| | |a. electrons drop back to lower energy levels |

| | |b. the energy level of the nucleus is increased |

| | |c. electrons are raised to higher energy levels |

| | |d. electrons are emitted by an atom |

|According to the quantum theory of light, the separate packets of energy by | |A green color is obtained in the flame test for a barium salt. The energy |

|which the light waves travel are called _______. | |producing this color is emitted when ______. |

| | |a. electrons in the highest levels are expelled |

|a. molecules | |b. electrons are raised to higher energy levels by the heat of the flame |

|b. neutrons | |c. electrons drop back to lower energy levels |

|c. ions | |d. oxidation takes place |

|d. photons | | |

|An element such as neon can sometimes give off light because ______. | |The relationship between the energy of an electron and the electron’s distance |

|a. its electrons gain energy and give off light as they fall back to a lower | |from the nucleus is basically? |

|level | |a. the greater the energy the farther from the nucleus |

|b. its atoms all have positive charges | |b. the distance of the electron from the nucleus is unrelated to the electron’s |

|c. it is radioactive | |energy |

|d. its electrons gain energy and give off light as they move to a higher energy| |c. greater the energy the closer to the nucleus |

|level | |d. electrons of all energies remain the same distance away from the nucleus |

|Identify the element with the electron configuration 3s23p4 for its last energy| |After an electron drops back from the third to the second energy level, the atom |

|level | |is approaching the _______. |

| | |a. excited state |

|a. S b. K | |b. positively charged state |

|c. Si d. Se | |c. ground state |

|e. None of these | |d. negatively charged state |

|The number of electrons in the highest Principal energy level cannot exceed | |What neutral atom has the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 ? |

|what number of electrons? | | |

| | |a. Ba b. K c. Cl d. Na |

|a. 2 b. 4 c. 8 d. 18 | | |

|Determine the mass, in grams, of 2.6 moles of angelic acid, C5H8O2. | |Determine the mass, in grams, of 3.0 moles of sodium hydroxide, NaOH. |

|Find the mass, in grams, of | |Determine the mass, in grams, of 3.2 L of O2 gas. |

|1.00 x 1023 molecules of N2. | | |

|Which one from the pair would have the larger radius? | |Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing Electronegativity. |

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|F or Ba | |F, Ge, He, Cr, O, Rb |

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|Why do atoms get larger down a column? | |Put the following elements in Order of increasing Ionization energy: S, Cl, and F.|

| | |a. Cl, S, F b. F, CL, S |

|a. more energy levels | |c. S, CL, F d. F, S, Cl |

|b. more atoms | | |

|c. more protons | | |

|d. more neutrons | | |

|Arrange the following in decreasing Ionization energy. | |Why do Group 1 and 2 elements prefer to give up their valence electrons rather |

|Li, O, C, K, Ne, F, Rb | |than take electrons? |

|Qualitative observations are recorded in the form of? | |Define the independent variable. |

|Ten plants are grown in equal amounts of sunlight with equal amounts of water | |A proposed explanation that is based on observations and that can be tested is |

|and varying amounts of fertilizer. Sunlight and water are considered what part | |known as a(n) |

|of the scientific method? | | |

| | |Put the following number into scientific notation… 32154210001 |

|[pic] | | |

|According to the graph, what is the independent variable? | | |

| | | |

|Take the following number out of scientific notation and write in standard | | |

|form... 2.15444 x 10- 3 | | |

|[pic] | |The fundamental unit of Mass is _______ according to the International System of |

| | |Units. |

|How many moles of Na2CO3 are there in 10.0 L of 2.00 M solution? | |Which of the following is a quantity? |

| | |a. Milliliter b. graduated cylinder |

| | |c. volume d. grams |

|Ionization Energy and Electronegativity both have the trend of? | |How was the original periodic table arranged? |

|Increase Down and Increase to the Left | | |

|Increase going up and to the Right | | |

|Increase going left and decrease going down | | |

|Decreasing to the right and decreasing down | | |

|Draw a picture of the Angular momentum Quantum Number where the 14th electron | | |

|is most likely found? | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | |Calculate the mass for the following object if it has a density of 0.017 g/ml. |

|Calculate the density for the following object. If you know that the object has| | |

|a mass of 20.3 grams and the volume is 10 ml | | |

|[pic] | | |

|[pic] | | The independent variable in an experiment is plotted on which axis? |

|Read this insturment with precision. | |(a) X which is horizontal (c) X which is vertical |

| | |(b) Y which is horizontal |

| | |(d) Y which is vertical |

|Place the following scientists in order, from earliest to latest:  A) Ernest | |How many protons, electrons, and neutrons do most neon’s have? |

|Rutherford | |a)P=10 E=10 N=11 b)P=5 E=5 N=10 |

|B) J.J. Thomson C) John Dalton | |c)P=10 E=10 N=10 d)P=10 E=5 N=5 |

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|a)B,C,A b)C,A,B | | |

|c)A,C,B d)C,B,A | | |

|Which scientist saw the atom as a positively charged sphere with negative | |Order the atomic models below from the oldest to the most recent. |

|particles (electrons) embedded within? | |a)2, 1, 3, and 4 b)1, 2, 4, and 3 |

|a)J.J. Thomson b)Niels Bohr | |c)3, 2, 4, and 1 d)3, 1, 2, and 4 |

|c)John Dalton d)Ernest Rutherford | | |

|How many neutrons does this isotope of titanium have? | |How many electrons does Cesium - 134 have? |

|[pic] | |a)55 b)134 |

| | |c)79 d)132 |

|What does a conversion factor allow you to do? | |What does the molar mass conversion factor allow one to do? |

|What are the 2 reasons that group 17 elements are so reactive? | |Write the orbital notation for Aluminum |

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[pic]

Which Lewis electron-dot structure represents a neutral atom of iodine (I)?

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12

Name 3 Metalloids.

Emma weighed a marble during class and got a mass of 5.6 g, 5.7 g and 5.4 g. The actual weight of the marble was 6.54g. Were her measurements…

a. Precise

b. Accurate

c. Both precise and accurate

d. Neither precise nor accurate.

Read the graduated cylinder

with precision.

Put the following elements in Order of increasing Ionization energy: S, Cl, Ne, and F.

How do you read an instrument with precision??

Which of these is needed to measure the mass of a rock?

a. A flask b. A balance

c. A metric ruler d. Graduated Cylinder

How do you calculate the volume of a cube?

How do you find the volume of an object that is not a geometrically shaped?

What is the density of liquid A?

What is the density of 15 drops of mil volume of a cube?

How do you find the volume of an object that is not a geometrically shaped?

What is the density of liquid A?

What is the density of 15 drops of milk?

|Solids |Density at 20⁰C (g/cm3) |

|kerosene |0.82 |

|ethyl alcohol |0.791 |

|gasoline |.67 |

|water |0.998 |

|milk |1.031 |

[pic][pic]

Give 2 examples of metalloids

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