DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis Prep Test

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DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis Prep Test

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. In mRNA _____ is used as a nitrogenous base instead of _____, found in DNA.

a. Uracil, Thymine

c. Thymine, Adnine

b. Guanine, Cytosine

d. Adnine, Uracil

2. The codon AUG always signals what event in a cell?

a. Stopping of protein synthesis

c. DNA replication

b. Starting of protein synthesis

d. none of the above

3. The enzyme ______ unwinds and unzips DNA so replication can occur.

a. Polymerase

c. Lactase

b. Lipase

d. Helicase

4. What types of bonds hold amino acids together to make a protein?

a. hydrogen

c. super

b. peptide

d. covalent

5. Where does DNA replication take place within the cell?

a. Endoplasmic Reticulum

c. Cytoplasum

b. Nucleus

d. Not in the cell

6. Which one of the following nucleotide pair bonds would be found in a DNA molecule?

a. adenineguanine

c. adeninecytosine

b. guaninecytosine

d. cytosineuracil

7. The backbone of a DNA molecule is made of which two components? a. phosphate molecules and ribose sugars b. deoxyphosphate molecules and ribose sugars c. phosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars d. deoxyphosphate molecules and deoxyribose sugars

8. Ribosomes are made of _____. a. rRNA and protein b. tRNA and mRNA

c. rRNA and mRNA d. protein and tRNA

9. Watson and Crick were the first to suggest that DNA is _____.

a. a short molecule

c. a protein molecule

b. the shape of a double helix

d. the genetic material

10. The process by which a DNA molecule is copied is called _____.

a. binary fission

c. replication

b. mitosis

d. translation

11. A DNA nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with _____.

a. deoxyribose sugar and uracil

c. deoxyribose sugar and thymine

b. ribose sugar and adenine

d. ribose sugar and cytosine

12. Which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size? a. chromosome, nucleus, cell, DNA, nucleotide b. cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide c. nucleotide, chromosome, cell, DNA, nucleus d. cell, nucleotide, nucleus, DNA, chromosome

13. X rays, ultraviolet light, and radioactive substances that can change the chemical nature of

DNA are classified as _____.

a. growth regulators

c. hydrolytic enzymes

b. metamorphic molecules

d. mutagens

Help Wanted Positions Available in the genetics industry. Hundreds of entrylevel openings for tireless workers. No previous experience necessary. Must be able to transcribe code in a nuclear environment. The ability to work in close association with ribosomes is a must. Accuracy and Speed vital for this job in the field of translation. Applicants must demonstrate skills in transporting and positioning amino acids. Salary commensurate with experience. Executive Position available. Must be able to maintain genetic continuity through replication and control cellular activity by regulation of enzyme production. Limited number of openings. All benefits. Supervisor of production of proteins--all shifts. Must be able to follow exact directions from doublestranded template. Travel from nucleus to the cytoplasm is additional job benefit.

Table 111

14. Applicants for the fourth job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 111, "Supervisor," could qualify

if they were _____.

a. DNA

c. tRNA

b. mRNA

d. rRNA

15. Applicants for the third job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 111, "Executive Position," could

qualify if they were _____.

a. DNA

c. tRNA

b. mRNA

d. rRNA

16. Applicants for the second job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 111, "Accuracy and Speed,"

could qualify if they were _____.

a. DNA

c. tRNA

b. mRNA

d. rRNA

Figure 113

17. Which structure shown in Figure 113 is a pyrimidine?

a. A

c. C

b. B

d. D

18. Which structure shown in Figure 113 does not contain a nitrogenous base?

a. A

c. C

b. B

d. D

Figure 114

19. What type of mutation has occurred in Figure 114?

a. point mutation

c. lethal

b. frame shift

d. protein

20. What will be the result of the mutation in Figure 114?

a. it will have no affect on protein function b. only one amino acid will change c. nearly every amino acid in the protein will be changed d. the organism will die

21. Figure 125 shows the structure of a(an)

Figure 12?5 a. DNA molecule. b. amino acid.

c. RNA molecule. d. protein.

22. DNA is copied during a process called a. replication. b. translation.

c. transcription. d. transformation.

23. In eukaryotes, DNA a. is located in the nucleus. b. floats freely in the cytoplasm.

c. is located in the ribosomes. d. is circular.

24. RNA contains the sugar a. ribose. b. deoxyribose.

c. glucose. d. lactose.

25. Which RNA molecule carries amino acids?

a. messenger RNA

c. ribosomal RNA

b. transfer RNA

d. RNA polymerase

26. What is produced during transcription? a. RNA molecules b. DNA molecules

c. RNA polymerase d. proteins

27. What does Figure 126 show?

Figure 126 a. anticodons b. the order in which amino acids are linked c. the code for splicing mRNA d. the mRNA codons and their associated amino acids 28. What happens during the process of translation? a. Messenger RNA is made from DNA. b. The cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins. c. Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA. d. Copies of DNA molecules are made. 29. What does Figure 131 show?

Figure 13?1 a. gel electrophoresis b. DNA sequencing

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