Biology with Mrs. McGaffin - Home



Modeling Photosynthesis536575010160000Name: Per:Essential questionsHow does the sun supply living things with the energy they need?What happens during the process of photosynthesis?Where did the Willow Tree in Von Helmet’s experiment gain its mass? Year 1Year 5Soil Mass (kg)90.990.8Tree Mass (kg)2.376.8Nearly all living things obtain energy either directly or indirectly from the energy of _________________ captured during photosynthesis.Photosynthesis is a complex process. It is important to recall that energy is either stored or released as chemical bonds are formed or broken. During photosynthesis, plants and some other organisms use energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugars. Photosynthesis takes place in two stages: (1) capturing the sun’s energy (light-dependent reactions) and (2) producing sugars (light-independent reactions). In plants, this energy-capturing process occurs mostly in the leaves. Within the leaves are organelles called chloroplasts. This organelles have many small structures called thylakoids, each containing pigments, colored chemical compounds that absorb light. The main photosynthetic pigment in chloroplasts is chlorophyll which give the plants their green color. During the light reactions, Chlorophyll captures light energy, exciting electron that transfer energy used to spilt the water molecules and energize ATP and NADPH molecules. These energy rich molecule are then used to power the second stage of photosynthesis. As the water molecules are split, oxygen is released. The second stage, also called the Calvin Cycle, uses the energy molecules from the first stage to combine carbon dioxide together and form sugars. This takes place outside of the thylakoid called the stroma. The cell needs two raw materials for these stages: water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Plant roots absorb water from the soil, and the water then moves up to the leaves. Carbon dioxide enters the plant through small openings on the undersides of the leaves called stomata. Once in the leaves, the water and carbon dioxide move into the chloroplasts. Inside the chloroplasts, the water and carbon dioxide undergo a complex series of chemical reactions and produce two important products of photosynthesis: sugar and oxygen. Plant cells use sugar for food and to make other compounds, such as cellulose. Plant cells also store sugar in for later use as starch. Oxygen exits the leaf through the stomata. Almost all of the oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere was produced by living things through photosynthesis. Reading Questions:What provides the energy for photosynthesis to take place? In which organelle in a plant’s cell does photosynthesis take place?What does chlorophyll do for the cell?What product is produced during the light reactions?What happens during the Calvin Cycle?What 2 raw materials does a plant need for photosynthesis?Where does the water enter the plant?Where does the carbon dioxide enter the plant?What are the 2 products of photosynthesis?How is the sugar used in the plant?How does the oxygen leave the plant?The events of photosynthesis can be summed up in a chemical equation. Part of that equation is below but, the coefficients are missing. Complete this equation by investigating with your models. Remember that everything you started with should be rearranged without anything left over. Photosynthesis Chemical Equation light energy324612013271500__CO2 + ___H2O C6H12O6 + __O2 carbon dioxide water(yields) a sugar oxygenPhotosynthesisRaw materials (reactants)ProductsLab: Materials: colored mini-marshmallowsIn this lab, colored marshmallows will represent different elements.Marshmallow colorElementWhitehydrogen – HGreencarbon – CYellowoxygen – O1. With your table partner, build the reactants (raw materials) used in photosynthesis using the appropriate colored marshmallows to represent the elements and the toothpicks to represent bonds. Make sure to check the chemical equation for the correct number of elements for each molecule. Illustrate your reactants in the storyboard.RECORD AND ANALYZE DATA:A) count the number of carbon atoms you used ________B) count the number of hydrogen atoms you used ________C) count the number of oxygen atoms you used________D) count the number of “bonds” used ________E) count the number of molecules total 2. Now reassemble your reactants as plants do during photosynthesis to store the sun’s energy when making glucose. Show all products. You may want to refer to the glucose molecule model and the chemical equation for support. Glucose Molecule Model5511800114300003. What are the products of photosynthesis? Illustrate your products using the storyboard frame.RECORD AND ANALYZE DATA:A) count the number of carbon atoms you used ________B) count the number of hydrogen atoms you used ________C) count the number of oxygen atoms you used________D) count the number of “bonds” used________E) count the number of molecules total 4. What is the relationship between reactants and products?-888923009900Are any new atoms created? Conservation of MatterThe law of conservation of mass indicates that mass cannot be created nor destroyed. This means the total mass of reactants in a chemical reaction will equal the total mass of the products.5. How do the totals compare in the reactants and products? Does this support the conservation of matter? Why?6. How is each product vital to living organisms?437134025908000a.b.7. Use the picture to explain the reaction that happens in photosynthesis.8. As a plant grows, where does its mass come from? Use evidence from the reading and your investigation.9. Photosynthesis can take place only in certain cells. What do all cells in which photosynthesis takes place have in common? ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download