Humble Independent School District



Name: ______________________________Date: _______________Per. ______Protein Synthesis & Mutation Study GuideWhat role does DNA play in the production of proteins? How are DNA and RNA different?Name the 3 types of RNA and describe their functions.Protein synthesis is made up of two processes. Name them.What occurs during transcription?Where does transcription take place?What occurs during the process of translation?Where does translation occur?What part of the messenger RNA is responsible for determining a protein?What is a codon?The process in which mRNA strand is produced is called what?What is the function of mRNA?What happens to the mRNA after it has been produced?What organelles are responsible for protein synthesis?Ribosomes are basically made up of what type of RNA?What does tRNA do in the process of protein synthesis?Which process (transcription or translation) occurs in the ribosome?Which process (transcription or translation) involves DNA?Which process (transcription or translation) results in a protein?Which process (transcription or translation) involves tRNA?Transcription produces a complementary strand of mRNA. What does this mean?Translation puts proteins together from their unit molecules which are what?What are the bases on the tRNA called that attach to the mRNA?When does translation stop?Given the following strand:T A CT A T G C G C C T G G A A T THow many codons are found above?Is this a DNA or RNA strand. Explain.If this is the DNA template, what would the complementary DNA strand look like?What mRNA would be produced by the sequence above?Name the tRNA anticodons that would be used to transport the amino acids.List the primary sequence amino acids that would result from the DNA sequence above.Given the following amino acid sequence:Arginine – Lysine – Valine – GlycineGive a possible set of codons for the above amino acids.What DNA strand would be responsible for the sequence you determined in the question above?A chromosome is composed of long folded strands of what?On chromosomes are many genes. Define gene.How do gene mutations differ from chromosomal mutations?What is the difference between point mutation and frameshift mutation?Point and frameshift are examples of what type of mutation?Sometimes one base is able to replace another. What type of mutation is this?Give an example of a base substitution mutation.Why is a chromosomal mutation more serious than a gene mutation?What type of chromosomal mutation occurs when part of one chromosome is exchanged with part of another chromosome?right444500If part of a chromosome breaks off and is lost, what type of mutation has occurred?Label the diagram to the right and Identify both process A and B.Transcribe and Translate the following DNA sequence:DNA- C C C A T G A A G G C G A T C mRNA- _________________________________tRNA- _________________________________Amino Acid Sequence: ______________________________ ................
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