Parts of Colon and Rectum- - Maryland
Source: of Colon and Rectum- (proximal right colon)6 x 9 cm pouch covered with peritoneumAppendixA vermiform (wormlike) diverticulum located in the lower cecumAscending colon20-25 cm long, located behind the peritoneumHepatic flexureLies under right lobe of liverTransverse colonLies anterior in abdomen, attached to gastrocolic ligamentSplenic flexureNear tail of pancreas and spleenDescending colon10-15 cm long, located behind the peritoneumSigmoid colonLoop extending distally from border of left posterior major psoas muscleRectosigmoid segmentBetween 10 and 15 cm from anal vergeRectum12 cm long; upper third covered by peritoneum; no peritoneum on lower third which is also called the rectal ampulla. About 10 cm of the rectum lies below the lower edge of the peritoneum (below the peritoneal reflection), outside the peritoneal cavityAnal canalMost distal 4-5 cm to anal verge large bowel is composed of: Colon. The colon averages 150 cms. (60 inches) in length. The ascending colon is about eight inches in lengthThe transverse colon is usually over 18 inches in length The descending colon, usually less than 12 inches The sigmoid colon, which is S-shaped and measures about 18 inches length of the caecum makes up about 4.66% of the whole large intestine. The ascending colon constitutes approximately 16.17%, the transverse colon – 34.55%; the descending colon is 13.72% and the sigmoid colon – 29.59%.the caecum length is 4-8cmThe appendix length varies between 2 and 20 cm (on average 8cm).The ascending colon is 18-20cm The transverse colon length is on average 50cm. (ranging between 40 and 50cm).The descending colon average length is 25cm.The sigmoid colon average length is 40-45cm (ranging between 12 and 84cm).The rectum average length is 15cm Gray (1825–1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918. on an average is 6.25 cm. in lengthAppendix varies from 2 to 20 cm. in length, average 8.3 cmIliac Colon (Fig. 1076) is situated in the left iliac fossa, and is about 12 to 15 cm. long. It begins at the level of the iliac crest, where it is continuous with the descending colon, and ends in the sigmoid colon at the superior aperture of the lesser pelvisSigmoid Colon (colon sigmoideum; pelvic colon; sigmoid flexure) (Fig. 1076) forms a loop which averages about 40 cm. in lengthThe rectum is about 12 cm. long ................
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