Botany Review Sheet
Name: ___________________ Photosynthesis/Cellular Respiration
1) Define nutrition: ____________________________________________
2) The two types of nutrition are _________________________________and _________________________________________.
3) Provide an example of an organism that carries out autotrophic nutrition: ________________________________
4) Identify and define the food making process that is carried out by this organism: ________________________________________________________________________
5) Photosynthesis takes place in organelles known as: ________________________________________________________________________
6) Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called ____________________________.
7) Write the simplified equation of this reaction. ________________________________________________________________________
8) Photosynthesis can be divided into two basic reactions: ________________reaction-which requires light, and the ______________which is light independent.
9) What is the initial source of energy in this process? ________________________________________________________________________
10) Where in the chloroplast does the light reaction occur? ___________________________________________________________________________
11) Define photolysis: ________________________________________________________________________ Write the equation for this reaction: ___________________________________________________________________________
12) What wavelengths of light have the greatest absorption rate? ________________________________________________________________________
13) Which wavelength of light is reflected? ________________________________________________________________________
14) Which wavelength of light has the highest rate of photosynthesis? ________________________________________________________________________
15) What is the role of light during the light reaction of photosynthesis? ________________________________________________________________________
16) List the two products produced by the light reactions: ______________ and __________________________________________
17) Briefly describe where each of the two products from above ends up? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
18) Which molecule is produced during the dark reaction? ___________________________________________________________________________
19) Where in the chloroplast does the dark reaction occur? ___________________________________________________________________________
20) List two reasons why autotrophic organisms are important to animals? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
21) Draw and label a diagram of a chloroplast in the space below:
22) List 3 factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis? A.________________________________________________________________________
B. ________________________________________________________________________
C. ________________________________________________________________________
23) Explain why leaves are often called the food factories of plants. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
24) Label the following diagram and briefly describe each structure:
[pic]
a.__________________________________________________________________
b.__________________________________________________________________
c.__________________________________________________________________
d.__________________________________________________________________
25) Identify the structure labeled X and explain its importance in water regulation for the plant cell. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
26) Define heterotrophic nutrition: _______________________________________________________________________
27) Provide an example of an organism that carries out heterotrophic nutrition: _______________________________________________________________________
28) Define cellular respiration: _______________________________________________________________________
29) Provide an example of two organisms that carry out cellular respiration: ______________________ ____________________________. Which organism carries out both cellular respiration and photosynthesis? __________________________
30) The two basic types of cellular respiration are _________________________and __________________________________________.
31) Why do cells have to convert glucose into ATP? _______________________________________________________________________
32) The splitting of a glucose molecule into pyruvic acid is called _____________________________________________________________.
Write the equation that shows this: ___________________________________________________________________________
33) The process by which pyruvic acid is converted into alcohol and CO2 is known as _______________________. Write the overall equation that shows this: _______________________________________________________________________
34) Write the equation that shows anaerobic respiration in animal muscle cells: _____________________________________________________________________
35) Which compound causes muscle fatigue? _______________________________________________________________________
36) Aerobic respiration requires ___________________________________________.
37) ________________________________occurs in the cytoplasm, while the ________________________________occurs with special enzymes in the mitochondrion.
38) The net gain of ATP from aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose is _______________________________________________________________________.
39) Explain why aerobic respiration is more efficient than anaerobic respiration: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
40) Write the overall reaction for aerobic respiration: _______________________________________________________________________
41) Name two metabolic wastes that result from aerobic respiration: ________________ _____________________________
42) Explain the relationship between ATP and ADP. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
43) A student studied the location of single celled photosynthetic organisms in a lake for a period of several weeks. The depth at which these organisms were found at different times of the day varied greatly. Some of the data collected are shown in the table below.
A valid inference based on these data is that
(1) Most photosynthetic organisms live below a depth of 150 centimeters
(2) Oxygen production increases as photosynthetic organisms move deeper in the lake
(3) Photosynthetic organisms respond to changing light levels
(4) Photosynthetic organisms move up and down to increase their rate of carbon dioxide production
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