Botany Review Sheet



Name: ___________________ Photosynthesis/Cellular Respiration

1) Define nutrition: ____________________________________________

2) The two types of nutrition are _________________________________and _________________________________________.

3) Provide an example of an organism that carries out autotrophic nutrition: ________________________________

4) Identify and define the food making process that is carried out by this organism: ________________________________________________________________________

5) Photosynthesis takes place in organelles known as: ________________________________________________________________________

6) Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called ____________________________.

7) Write the simplified equation of this reaction. ________________________________________________________________________

8) Photosynthesis can be divided into two basic reactions: ________________reaction-which requires light, and the ______________which is light independent.

9) What is the initial source of energy in this process? ________________________________________________________________________

10) Where in the chloroplast does the light reaction occur? ___________________________________________________________________________

11) Define photolysis: ________________________________________________________________________ Write the equation for this reaction: ___________________________________________________________________________

12) What wavelengths of light have the greatest absorption rate? ________________________________________________________________________

13) Which wavelength of light is reflected? ________________________________________________________________________

14) Which wavelength of light has the highest rate of photosynthesis? ________________________________________________________________________

15) What is the role of light during the light reaction of photosynthesis? ________________________________________________________________________

16) List the two products produced by the light reactions: ______________ and __________________________________________

17) Briefly describe where each of the two products from above ends up? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

18) Which molecule is produced during the dark reaction? ___________________________________________________________________________

19) Where in the chloroplast does the dark reaction occur? ___________________________________________________________________________

20) List two reasons why autotrophic organisms are important to animals? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21) Draw and label a diagram of a chloroplast in the space below:

22) List 3 factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis? A.________________________________________________________________________

B. ________________________________________________________________________

C. ________________________________________________________________________

23) Explain why leaves are often called the food factories of plants. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24) Label the following diagram and briefly describe each structure:

[pic]

a.__________________________________________________________________

b.__________________________________________________________________

c.__________________________________________________________________

d.__________________________________________________________________

25) Identify the structure labeled X and explain its importance in water regulation for the plant cell. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

26) Define heterotrophic nutrition: _______________________________________________________________________

27) Provide an example of an organism that carries out heterotrophic nutrition: _______________________________________________________________________

28) Define cellular respiration: _______________________________________________________________________

29) Provide an example of two organisms that carry out cellular respiration: ______________________ ____________________________. Which organism carries out both cellular respiration and photosynthesis? __________________________

30) The two basic types of cellular respiration are _________________________and __________________________________________.

31) Why do cells have to convert glucose into ATP? _______________________________________________________________________

32) The splitting of a glucose molecule into pyruvic acid is called _____________________________________________________________.

Write the equation that shows this: ___________________________________________________________________________

33) The process by which pyruvic acid is converted into alcohol and CO2 is known as _______________________. Write the overall equation that shows this: _______________________________________________________________________

34) Write the equation that shows anaerobic respiration in animal muscle cells: _____________________________________________________________________

35) Which compound causes muscle fatigue? _______________________________________________________________________

36) Aerobic respiration requires ___________________________________________.

37) ________________________________occurs in the cytoplasm, while the ________________________________occurs with special enzymes in the mitochondrion.

38) The net gain of ATP from aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose is _______________________________________________________________________.

39) Explain why aerobic respiration is more efficient than anaerobic respiration: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

40) Write the overall reaction for aerobic respiration: _______________________________________________________________________

41) Name two metabolic wastes that result from aerobic respiration: ________________ _____________________________

42) Explain the relationship between ATP and ADP. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

43) A student studied the location of single celled photosynthetic organisms in a lake for a period of several weeks. The depth at which these organisms were found at different times of the day varied greatly. Some of the data collected are shown in the table below.

A valid inference based on these data is that

(1) Most photosynthetic organisms live below a depth of 150 centimeters

(2) Oxygen production increases as photosynthetic organisms move deeper in the lake

(3) Photosynthetic organisms respond to changing light levels

(4) Photosynthetic organisms move up and down to increase their rate of carbon dioxide production

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