Regional Outline for _______Eastern Europe________



Regional Outline for Eastern Europe

| |8000 – 600 CE |600 – 1450 CE |1450-1750 CE |1750 – 1914 CE |1914 - Present |

|Politics |Religion based |Mongol invasion 1237-1241 |Ivan III/IV - |Russia – tsar continued to be all powerful |Tsarist regime falls apart |

| |Hierarchal system |- Russia divided into small kingdoms |Free from Mongols – 1480 |Prussia – remained militaristic and |Army in full retreat |

| |Delegation of responsibility |Tartars control |Empire expanded eastward |authoritarian |USSR formed – collapses following cold |

| |Bureaucratic codification |- left day to day control to locals |Russia – centralization of authority |Duma created, but no real power |war |

| |6th century Justinian rule – | |Peter the Great – St. Petersburg as |Local rulers – zemstvoes regulate roads, |Soviet troops occupy all of eastern |

| |restore Rome | |capital |schools |Europe |

| | | |Parliamentary government |Military officers based on meritocracy |Gorbachev tries to reform |

| | | |Secret police | |frees E. European nations |

| | | |First Russian navy | |updated authoritarian structure in |

| | | | | |reality |

|Economy |Byzantine empire |Trade lapsed under Tartars |Key economy bound to agriculture |Backward position in trade |COMECON |

| |Most important western |North-south commerce never returned |Devalued merchant class |Exported some grain to W. Europe |Economies nationalized |

| |terminal of the Silk Road |Moscow – trade, tribute collector |Limited commercial exchange |Trade deficit lessened by increasing serf |Collectivization under state planned |

| |Constantinople located on |Most part, remained agricultural |Systemized tax system |output, not improving industry |control |

| |important trade routs |Trades with nomadic people |Metallurgy and mining |- realizes the need to industrialize |Soviet welfare system |

| | | |Economics funded military |But sill doesn’t want to be materialistic |Focus on heavy industry |

| | | | | |Lenin’s New economic policy |

| | | | | |Russia-five year plan |

|Social Class/Gender |Serfdom began in Middle Age |Influx of jews |Feudalism |Emancipating serfs 1861 |Muslim population growth |

| |Original sin devalues women |Monogamy replaced polygamy |Peter the Great encourages serfdom |-but most indebted, life doesn’t improve |Lenin’s New Economic Policy gave |

| | |Fairly free farmers |Women and nobles forced to dress in |Increased literacy |freedom to small businesses, peasant |

| | |Boyars-aristocrats-less political power |western fashions |Some upper class women have access to new |landowners – more power |

| | | |Men shaved beards – denial of Mongol |careers |Education started to spread – literacy |

| | | |tradition |Pogroms against Jews | |

| | | |Power to upper class women | | |

|Science | | |Focus on Serfs-cheap labor force impeded |Western machinery imported |Cold War – Arms race, space race |

|Inventions | | |invention or new scientific ideas |Outdated agricultural methods – hard to |Scientists highly respected |

| | | |John Desarguliers builds first steam |compete |Research heavily funded |

| | | |engine outside England |Mendel and some peas, Pavlov and his dog |Direction/research determined by |

| | | | | |government – want applied science |

|Art/Architecture |Hagia Sophia |Ornate churches |Not part of Renaissance due to illiterate |Beginning of some arts flourish |Art-attacked western style |

| |Mosaic |Icons, illuminated manuscripts |Mongols |-Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky, Tchaikivsky |Classical arts |

| |Religion based |Religious art vs. local music, street performers & |Architecture of city done by serfs |Nationalist pride through dictionaries, |Literature walked line of angering |

| | |theater |Romanov Policy |histories, folktales, music |government – still discussed |

| | | |- Italian artists/architects to work on | |patriotism/Russian |

| | | |churches/palaces | | |

|Empire |Byzantine Empire | Kievan Rus |Connection to Byzantine Empire | | |

| | |could not replicate Byzantine |- married niece of emperor | | |

| | |Kievan decline – rival princes set up regional |Expansion – fought Ottoman Empire | | |

| | |governments |Fall of Byzantine Empire (1453) | | |

| | |Rapid decline of Byzantium | | | |

|Religion |Animist – gods of sun, |Vladimir I convert to Christianity |Orthodox Christianity moved to Moscow |Russification – all Russians had to convert |Soviet schools taught religion as myth |

| |thunder, wind and fire |forced conversion |Romanov family – state control over |to Orthodoxy |under Stalin |

| | |Splendor of Orthodox religious ceremonies |Russian Orthodox Church | |No church service to under 18 |

| | |Religion allowed to have vernacular languages | | | |

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