INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: WHAT WHY, AND , HOW
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: WHAT,WHY,AND HOW
A Handbook for Program Implementers
1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This development of this Handbook was a collaborative effort guided by Save the Children's Inclusive Education Working Group (IEWG). Many thanks go to Els Heijnen-Maathuis, the lead writer, and to Save the Children Sweden, for providing the funding to make this document possible. We are grateful for the inputs from the many people who helped influence this document, both directly and indirectly. Special thanks to the IEWG members who contributed to early drafts of the Handbook: Malin Hansson, Maliha Kabani, Elisabetta Mina, Carolyn Alesbury, and Zaheda Begum, as well as those involved in the final review: Suela Bala, Tibebu Bogale, Ronit Cohen, May Nasrawy, Johanna Norrdahl, and Iren Sargsyan. And most importantly, thank you to the Save the Children Country Offices whose pioneering work on inclusive education has generated our understanding of best practices and lessons learned.
Published by Save the Children March 2016
St Vincent House 30 Orange Street London WC2H 7HH
Cover page photo credit: Jonathan Hyams / Save the Children
CONTENTS
Setting the Scene
4
Who is this handbook for?
4
INTRODUCTION5
Understanding inclusive education
6
A note on terminology
7
The link to quality and learning
7
Rights and responsibilities
7
Our position
8
Save the Children's theory of change
8
Evidence-based advocacy
9
Structure of the handbook
10
Other resources
10
Step 1: Situational Analysis
11
What happens when the situational analysis is not inclusive?
12
What you can do to make your situational analysis more inclusive
12
Sample questions to ask or research during the situational analysis
13
CASE STUDY: community-based EMIS in Tajikistan
15
Quick reference chart
16
Step 2: Program Design
17
What happens when the program design is not inclusive?
18
What you can do to make your program design more inclusive
18
Suggested inclusive education activities
20
Access21
Quality21
Learning22
Community24
Policy24
CASE STUDY: designing for gender equality in Sierra Leone
26
Quick reference chart
27
Step 3: Monitoring and Evaluation Design
28
What happens when the MEAL design is not inclusive?
29
What you can do to make your MEAL design more inclusive
29
Data disaggregation
29
Measuring inclusiveness
30
Suggested inclusive education indicators
31
CASE STUDY: probing questions lead to deeper analysis and improved programs
33
Quick reference chart
34
Step 4: Implementation and Monitoring
35
What happens when implementation and monitoring is not inclusive?
36
What you can do to make your implementation and monitoring more inclusive
36
Implementation: overcoming resistance
36
Implementation: multi-grade classes
37
Implementation: ongoing support to inclusive teachers
37
Effective monitoring
39
CASE STUDY: education in emergencies
40
Quick reference chart
41
1
Step 5: Evaluation and Lessons Learned
42
What happens when the evaluation and lessons learned are not inclusive?
43
What you can do to make your evaluation and lessons learned more inclusive
43
CASE STUDY: school self-evaluation in Lao PDR
45
Quick reference chart
46
CONCLUSION47
ANNEXES49
Annex 1: sample individual education plan
49
Annex II: classroom observation tool
50
Annex III: simple strategies for teachers
52
Annex IV: teacher self-assessment tool
57
Annex V: Index for Inclusion indicators and questions
60
2
Acronyms
CBR Community Based Rehabilitation
IE Inclusive Education
C - EMI S Community-Based Education Management Information System
CFS Child-Friendly Space
CMC Center Management Committee
CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child
IEP Individual Education Plan
IEWG Inclusive Education Working Group
ILFE Inclusive Learning-Friendly Environment
INEE Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies
CRSA Child Rights Situational Analysis
DFID Department for International Development (UK)
MEAL Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability, and Learning
MoE Ministry of Education
DPO Disabled Persons Organization
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
ECCD Early Childhood Care and Development
PTA Parent Teacher Association
EENET Enabling Education Network
QLE Quality Learning Environment
EFA Education for All
SCI Save the Children International
EMIS Education Management Information System
SMC School Management Committee
FGD Focus Group Discussion
SNAP Special Needs Education Pack
FGM Female Genital Mutilation
IDDC International Disability and Development Consortium
USAID United States Agency for International Development
WASH Water Sanitation and Hygiene
IDP Internally Displaced Person
3
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