PDF MHC associations of myositis in Hungarian Vizsla dog

MHC associations of myositis in Hungarian

Vizsla dog

Lorna Kennedy

Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research,

Manchester, UK

Why dogs?!?

!

1 in 10 people in the UK own a dog

(that's about 6 million dogs!!) How many worldwide?

Large investment in working dogs

? Guide dogs, hearing dogs

? Farm dogs, drug sniffers

? Locating earthquake victims

? Detecting cancer, epilepsy

? heart attacks

?Health care, insurance

?Pet food

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Advantages of the dog as a mode

l

Medical knowledge about dogs:

second only to humans!

Dog genome sequenced in 2005

Many genes very similar to human genes

Causal gene mutations for many monogenic

canine diseases have been identified.

can be traced by synteny to human genome

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Dogs as a model for complex disease

Many different breeds (>400)

subject to intense selection for particular traits e.g.

short legs, some bottlenecks: eg 2nd world war

Each breed is genetically distinct

Within breed very homogeneous

Complex diseases: may be subtypes, but within

breed, disease likely to be same

100 cases/100 controls for GWAS, not 1000s

study same diseas/different genetic backgrounds

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Canine myositis in Hungarian Vizslas

? A breed specific polymyositis is frequently observed in the Hungarian Vizsla.

? Affected dogs present with difficulty eating and drinking, regurgitation, and sialorrhea.

? Possible masticatory muscle atrophy and exercise intolerance

? Clinical response to immunosuppressive therapies points to an immune-mediated aetiology.

? Clinical and histological similarities with the immune-mediated myopathies observed in humans.

? MHC class II associations reported in the human conditions.

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