The Scientific Revolution



Section 3 “__________________________________”

Main Ideas

1. The ideas of Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes led to clarify the ____________________.

2. Science influenced new ideas about ____________________.

3. Science and religion developed a sometimes ________________ relationship.

BACON, DESCARTES AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Science has become the most established and reliable way of _____________ about the natural world.

The acceptance of this fact of modern life is due to the work of ___________________ and ___________________.

Bacon was an English philosopher and politician who recognized how much new knowledge could be gained from the __________ use of science.

He tried to persuade the king of England to ______________ scientific research.

Descartes, a French philosopher, argued that nothing should be _____________ if it were not proven true.

Observation and theory are not enough, he said, because people could be _____________ by their senses.

People must use _______________ and reason to establish proof.

Scientists today employ the ________________, a clear, step-by-step ______________ for performing experiments and scientific research.

This involves gathering information then forming and testing a _____________ before coming to a conclusion.

Identify Who was Francis Bacon?

Summarize What is the scientific method?

Draw Conclusions How did the ideas of Bacon and Descartes lead to the scientific method?

Define What is a hypothesis?

Compare and Contrast How did the beliefs of Descartes differ from those of earlier European scholars?

SCIENCE AND GOVERNMENT

Science had a profound ______________________ on many non-scientific subjects.

Philosophers recognized human reason, or logic, was a powerful ____________________ that could be applied to solve human problems.

One way of solving these problems was by changing __________________.

This helped promote ________________ ideas.

If laws govern the natural world, people surmised, maybe laws also govern human _____________.

Determining those laws could help solve problems like war and ________________.

What more equalizing _____________ exists than the idea that all humans were subject to the same laws?

Recall How did philosophers try to improve society?

Analyze How were science and fundamental democratic ideas connected, according to philosophers of the Scientific Revolution?

SCIENCE AND RELIGION

The powerful Catholic Church regarded some of the advances of science with __________________.

Many of the new ideas contradicted the church’s teachings and undermined and ________________ its authority.

The best-known church-science conflict was the case of Galileo, who was tried and threatened with ___________________ unless he agreed with the church that the earth was the center of the universe and did not move.

Ironically, Galileo and other scientists did not think that science went __________________ religion.

They believed it helped people _____________________ God’s creation.

Summarize What caused the conflict between science and the church?

Analyze Why do you think Galileo publicly rejected his findings?

Draw Inferences There is a legend that Galileo left the trial muttering, “And yet it does move.” What would this statement indicate about Galileo’s public rejection of his findings?

Identify Which scientist stressed the separation of reason and faith?

Summarize What were some arguments that science and religion did not conflict?

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Lesson Objective(s):

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