Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration



Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration

ENVIRO 2 GO

6211

Objectives:

At the end of this ENVIRO 2 GO you will be able to:

■ Explain and describe the similarities and differences between chloroplasts and mitochondrion.

■ Explain the function of the cellular mitochondrion and chloroplast.

■ Explain and describe cellular respiration in detail.

■ Explain and describe photosynthesis in detail.

■ Write the general equation for respiration.

■ Write the general equation for photosynthesis.

■ Explain how photosynthesis and respiration can be a cycle.

Key Vocabulary:

■ Mitochondrion

■ Chloroplast

■ Respiration

■ Photosynthesis

■ ATP

■ Oxygen

■ Carbon dioxide

■ Water

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process where plants make their own food. During photosynthesis plants take energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air and water to make glucose (sugar) and oxygen. The glucose that is made is what the plants use for food.

The equation for photosynthesis is:

[pic]

■ Carbon dioxide, water & sunlight are called reactants because they are all necessary for photosynthesis to occur.

■ Glucose (a sugar) and oxygen are both products because they are produced from photosynthesis.

Remember This!!!

Carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O) & sunlight are reactants for photosynthesis (they are required).

Glucose (C6H12O2) & oxygen (O2) are products for photosynthesis

(they are made).

The Importance of Sunlight

■ Because sunlight is required for photosynthesis, sunlight is the ultimate source of energy.

■ Without plants animals would not have food to consume for energy.

■ Therefore, sunlight is vital for life on earth!

Where Does Photosynthesis Occur?

■ Most plants and some bacteria go through photosynthesis.

■ Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast that is found within a plant and some bacteria cells.

[pic]

Photosynthesis Review

|Question |Answer |

|What is the purpose? | |

|Who does it? | |

|Where does it occur? | |

|What are the reactants? | |

|What are the products? | |

|What is the chemical conversion? | |

Remember This!!!

■ Photosynthesis captures the energy of light and converts it into glucose.

■ Glucose is a source of energy that is useable by the cell.

■ Photosynthesis always takes place in the chloroplasts.

Your Turn!

1. What is the purpose of photosynthesis?

2. What is the function of chloroplasts?

3. Explain why the sun is the source for all energy on Earth.

Cell Respiration

Cell respiration is the process where plants and animals take glucose from animals and use it to make energy.

During cell respiration plants and animals eat plants or other animals to get glucose. They use the glucose and oxygen to make ATP (energy), water and oxygen. The ATP that is produced provides plants and animals with the energy needed to survive.

The equation for cell respiration is:

[pic]

■ Glucose and oxygen are called reactants because they both are necessary for cell respiration to occur.

■ Carbon dioxide, water and ATP are all products because they are produced from cell respiration.

Remember This!!!

Glucose (C6H12O2) & oxygen (O2) are reactants for cell respiration

(they are required).

Carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O) & ATPare products for cell respiration

(they are made).

Where Does Cell Respiration Occur?

■ Plants and animals go through cell respiration.

■ Cell respiration takes place in the mitochondria found within a plant and animal cell.

Cell Respiration Review

|Question |Answer |

|What is the purpose? | |

|Who does it? | |

|Where does it occur? | |

|What are the reactants? | |

|What are the products? | |

|What is the chemical conversion? | |

Remember This!!!

Respiration releases the stored energy in glucose as ATP. ATP can then be used in the cell.

Respiration always takes place in the mitochondria.

All cells have mitochondria.

Your Turn!

4. What is the purpose of respiration?

5. What is the function of mitochondria?

6. What is the equation for cell respiration?

Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration as a Cycle

■ Photosynthesis and respiration are a cycle.

■ Photosynthesis and respiration need each other in order to have the necessary materials to start their reaction.

■ The products of photosynthesis, glucose and oxygen, are required for cell respiration. That means, plants make the glucose and oxygen necessary for animals and plants.

■ Animals and plants then take the glucose and oxygen and go through cell respiration. Here the carbon dioxide and water that is necessary for photosynthesis is produced.

[pic]

Your Turn!

7. Explain how photosynthesis and cell respiration are a cycle.

Summary

In photosynthesis, the energy in light is used to combine carbon dioxide and water to make glucose in the chloroplasts of all green plants. In this process oxygen is also made and released to the atmosphere.

In cell respiration, oxygen is combined with glucose to make ATP. ATP is an energy source that is readily usable by the cells. ATP is made in the mitochondria. Carbon dioxide and water are also made and are released into the environment. Cellular respiration occurs in both plant and animal cells.

Test Yourself:

Short Answer

1. Write the equation for photosynthesis.

2. Write the equation for cell respiration.

3. Explain the function of the mitochondria.

4. Explain the function of the chloroplasts.

Test Yourself:

Fill in the Blank

Mitochondria chloroplasts ATP respiration photosynthesis

1. The ________________ provide a location for photosynthesis to take place. 

2. _______________ and ________________ are 2 chemical reactions that occur that involve energy capture and release.

3. In the process of ___________________________, _____________ is the usable form of energy that is created.

4. The green organelle that converts light energy into chemical energy is called ______________.

5. The ____________________ are found only in the cells of green plants, but the _______________________ are found in all cells.

6. _______________________ requires carbon dioxide and water to make glucose.

7. Cellular respiration occurs in the __________________________ and creates the usable form of energy called _____________.

Test Yourself:

True/False

_____ 1. Chloroplasts are found in all cells.

_____ 2. Respiration creates ATP.

_____ 3. Respiration occurs in the chloroplasts.

_____ 4. Respiration uses water to make oxygen.

_____ 5. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts and mitochondria.

_____ 6. Photosynthesis only occurs in animals.

_____ 7. Photosynthesis combines oxygen and carbon dioxide to make ATP.

_____ 8. ATP is made during respiration.

_____ 9. Photosynthesis and respiration form a cycle.

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