World Religion Review Sheet, Things you need to know about ...



World Religion Review Sheet, Things you need to know about the religions

| |When |Who Started it |

|Animism |Animists believe in many personal supernatural beings that inhabit objects and/or living beings and govern their existence. Animism |No specific symbol, but symbols are often circles, |

| |refers to many different beliefs of this type, not one specific creed or doctrine. |stars and things from nature. |

| | | |

| |Most Animists believe: | |

| |There are souls or spirits in the natural world | |

| |There is a natural world and a separate, spiritual world | |

| |Shamanism—a set of practices and skills that can help control the spirits | |

| |The spirit survives physical death | |

|Confucianism |Confucians do not have any specific rituals. Often Confucians follow the practices of other religions. In Confucianism humans are seen |[pic] |

| |as positive and able to work to improve their behavior. They are expected to live their lives by the 5 principles. | |

| | | |

| |[pic] | |

| |Li: includes ritual, propriety, etiquette, etc. | |

| | | |

| |[pic] | |

| |Hsiao: love within the family: love of parents for their children and of children for their parents | |

| | | |

| |[pic] | |

| |Yi: righteousness | |

| | | |

| |[pic] | |

| |Xin: honesty and trustworthiness | |

| | | |

| |[pic] | |

| |Jen: benevolence, humaneness towards others; the highest Confucian virtue | |

| | | |

| |[pic] | |

| |Chung: loyalty to the state, etc. | |

| | | |

| | | |

| |“Holy Books” were not assembled until the Sung Dynesty (1200 CE) | |

|Judaism |Jews believe that there is a single God who not only created the universe, but with whom every Jew can have an individual and personal |[pic] |

| |relationship. | |

| | | |

| |The Covenant: Agreement between God and the Patriarch Abraham that he and his descendents will obey God and live by his rules and in | |

| |exchange will be his chosen people, given the Holy Land and protected by Him. | |

| | | |

| |10 Commandments: Fundamental law code that is part of the Torah. Rules to live by. There are also many other rules spelled out | |

| |elsewhere in the Torah. | |

| | | |

| |Messiah—Person who will someday lead the Jews to success/happiness | |

|Christianity |Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the Son of God and that: |[pic][pic] |

| |God sent his Son to earth to save humanity from the consequences of its sins | |

| |Jesus was fully human, and experienced this world in the same way as other human beings of his time | |

| |Jesus was tortured and gave his life on the Cross (At the Crucifixion) | |

| |Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his Crucifixion (the Resurrection) | |

| | | |

| |Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah promised in the Old Testament | |

| | | |

| |Christians believe that there is only one God, but that this one God consists of 3 "persons" | |

| | | |

| |o God the Father | |

| |o God the Son | |

| |o The Holy Spirit | |

| | | |

| |Christians believe that God made the world. | |

|Buddhism |Understand the Four Noble Truths |[pic] |

| |Suffering exists | |

| |There is a cause for suffering. | |

| |There is an end to suffering | |

| |In order to end suffering, you must follow the Eightfold Path | |

| | | |

| |Follow the Eightfold Path | |

| |Right View (understanding) | |

| |Right Thought | |

| |Right Speech | |

| |Right Action | |

| |Right Livelihood | |

| |Right Effort | |

| |Right Mindfulness | |

| |Right Contemplation (concentration) | |

| | | |

| |These are rules to live by. The main five are: | |

| |* Do not take the life of anything living. (Do not kill) | |

| |* Do not take anything not freely given. (Do not steal) | |

| |* Abstain from sexual misconduct and sensual overindulgence. | |

| |* Refrain from untrue speech, (Do not lie) | |

| |* Do not consume alcohol or other drugs. | |

|Islam |Muslims have 6 main beliefs |[pic] |

| |Belief in Allah as the one and only God. | |

| |Belief in angels. | |

| |Belief in the holy books. | |

| |Belief in the Prophets (special messengers). | |

| |Adam, Abraham, Moses, David, Jesus. | |

| |Muhammad is the final prophet. | |

| |Belief in the Day of Judgment | |

| |The day when the life of every human being will be assessed to decide whether they go to heaven or hell. | |

| |Belief in Predestination... | |

| |That Allah has already decided what will happen. | |

| |Muslims believe that this doesn't stop human beings making free choices | |

| | | |

| |The five Pillars of Islam | |

| |These are five duties that every Muslim is obliged to perform. The five pillars of Islam help Muslims put their faith into action. | |

| |Shahadah: declaration of faith | |

| |"I bear witness that there is no god, but God; I bear witness that Muhammad is the prophet of God." By reciting this, one enters Islamic| |

| |faith. | |

| |Salah: prayer | |

| |Muslims are required to pray five times a day, washing themselves before prayer and facing in the direction of Mecca while praying. | |

| |Zakat: giving a fixed proportion to charity. | |

| |Muslims are required to give away a percentage of their earnings to those less fortunate, regardless of their religion. | |

| |Saum: fasting during the month of Ramadan | |

| |Muslims fast for one lunar month each year, a period called Ramadan. | |

| |During this time, Muslims reflect on their behavior and strive to purify their thoughts. | |

| |Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca. If it is financially possible, Muslims are required to travel to Mecca once in their lifetime. | |

|Hinduism |For many Hindus there are four goals in human life: |[pic] |

| |Moksha - the release of the soul (Atman) from the cycle of rebirth. | |

| |The individual soul (Atman) unites with Brahman the universal soul. There are different ways to Moksha. | |

| |Spiritual - involves acquiring spiritual knowledge through yoga and meditation. Devotion to god | |

| |Working selflessly for the good of society. | |

| |How a person is reincarnated is determined by karma. | |

| | | |

| |Dharma - the code for leading one's life. | |

| |Respect for elders is considered important and many consider marriage as a son's religious duty. | |

| |Artha - the pursuit of material gain by lawful means. | |

| |Karma- through pure acts, knowledge and devotion, you can reincarnate to a higher level. The opposite achieves the contrary result. | |

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