Robinhood Road to Peace Haven. Turn right on Peace Haven ...



Mt. Tabor High School Athletics Department342 Petree RoadWinston-Salem, NC 27106Emergency Action Plan2015 - 2016 as of 8/1/2015Athletic Administrators:Ed Weiss – PrincipalChris Applegate – Assistant principalWayne Miller – Athletic DirectorBill Dinkins – Assistant Athletic DirectorMichelle Palmer – Assistant Athletic DirectorRick Metzler – Athletic TrainerTeresa Gentry – Athletic TrainerContentsIntroduction _______________________________________________Pg. 3Components ______________________________________________Pg. 3Emergency Plan Personnel ___________________________________Pg. 3Roles Within the Emergency Team ____________________________Pg. 4Activating EMS ____________________________________________Pg. 5Providing Information _______________________________________Pg. 5Communication ____________________________________________Pg. 5Emergency Equipment ______________________________________Pg. 6Transportation _____________________________________________Pg. 6Crowd Management ________________________________________Pg. 6Conclusion _______________________________________________Pg. 7Venue Specific Plans _______________________________________ Pg. 8Inclement Weather Plans ___________________________________Pg. 17Heat/Cold __________________________________________Pg. 17Lightning __________________________________________Pg. 18Tornado ___________________________________________ Pg. 20Additional Considerations for Specific Conditions _______________Pg. 21Mt. Tabor High School Emergency Action PlanIntroductionEmergency situations may arise at anytime during athletic events. Expedient action must be taken in order to provide the best possible care to the athletes of emergency and/or life threatening conditions. The development and implementation of an emergency plan will help ensure that the best care will be provided. The athletic department at Mt. Tabor has a duty to develop an emergency plan that may be implemented immediately when necessary and to provide appropriate standards of health care to all sports participants. As athletic injuries may occur at any time and during any activity, the sports medicine team must be prepared. This preparation involves formulation of an emergency plan, proper coverage of events, maintenance of appropriate emergency equipment and supplies, utilization of appropriate emergency medical personnel, and continuing education in the area of emergency management. Hopefully, through careful pre-participation physical screenings, adequate medical coverage, safe practice and training techniques and other safety avenues, some potential emergencies may be averted. However, accidents and injuries are inherent with sports participation, and proper preparation on the part of the sports medicine team will enable each emergency situation to be managed ponents of the Emergency PlanThere are three basic components of this plan:1. Emergency personnel2. Emergency communication3. Emergency equipmentEmergency Plan PersonnelWith athletic associated practice and competition, the first responder to an emergency situation is typically a member of the sports medicine staff, most commonly a certified athletic trainer, adult first responder, student assistant, or coach. A team physician may not always be present at every organized practice or competition. The type and degree of sports medicine coverage for an athletic event may vary widely, based on such factors as the sport or activity, the setting, and the type of training or competition. The first responder in some instances may be a coach or other institutional personnel. Certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), first aid, prevention of disease transmission, and emergency plan review is required for all athletics personnel associated with practices, competitions, skills instruction, and strength and conditioning. The development of an emergency plan cannot be complete without the formation of an emergency team. The emergency team may consist of a number of healthcare providers including physicians, emergency medical technicians, certified athletic trainers; adult first responders; student assistants; coaches; managers; and possibly, bystanders. Roles of these individuals within the emergency team may vary depending on various factors such as the number of members of the team, the athletic venue itself, or the preference of the athletic trainer. There are four basic roles within the emergency team. The first and most important role is immediate care of the athlete. The most qualified individual on the scene should provide acute care in an emergency situation. Individuals with lower credentials should yield to those with more appropriate training. The second role, equipment retrieval, may be done by anyone on the emergency team who is familiar with the types and location of the specific equipment needed. Student assistants, managers, and coaches are good choices for this role. The third role, EMS activation, may be necessary in situations where emergency transportation is not already present at the sporting event. This should be done as soon as the situation is deemed an emergency or a life-threatening event. Time is the most critical factor under emergency conditions. Activating the EMS system may be done by anyone on the team. However, the person chosen for this duty should be someone who is calm under pressure and who communicates well over the telephone. This person should also be familiar with the location and address of the sporting event. After EMS has been activated, the fourth role in the emergency team should be performed, directing EMS to the scene. One member of the team should be responsible for meeting first responders such as firemen or rescue squad personnel as they arrive at the site of the contest and a second person should direct Paramedics. Depending on ease of access, this person should have keys to any locked gates or doors that may slow the arrival of medical personnel. A student assistant, manager, or coach may be appropriate for this role.Roles within the Emergency Team1. Immediate care of the athlete2. Emergency equipment retrieval3. Activation of the Emergency Medical System4. Direction of EMS to sceneImmediate care of the athlete The most qualified (i.e. athletic trainer, first responder, administrator, athletic director, SRO, coach) individual on the scene should provide acute care in an emergency situation. Individuals with lower credentials should yield to those with more appropriate training. This is to insure that the student athlete receives the most accurate diagnosis of his/her injury.Emergency equipment retrieval (AED)Equipment retrieval may be done by anyone on the emergency team who is familiar with the types and location of the specific equipment needed. Mt. Tabor has three AED units. One is unit is located in the main office, a second in the women’s PE office, and the third is kept by our athletic trainer in the athletic training room, and taken to all contests. Student assistants, managers, and coaches are also encouraged to be active in this roleActivation of the Emergency Medical System (Dial 911)EMS activation may be necessary in situations where emergency transportation is not already present at the sporting event. This should be done as soon as the situation is deemed an emergency or a life-threatening event. Time is the most critical factor under emergency conditions. Activating the EMS system may be done by anyone on the team. However, the person chosen for this duty should be someone who is calm under pressure and who communicates well over the telephone. This person should also be familiar with the location and address of the sporting event.Direction of EMS to sceneOne member of the team should be responsible for meeting first responders such as firemen or rescue squad personnel as they arrive at the site of the contest and a second person should direct Paramedics. Depending on ease of access, this person should have keys to any locked gates or doors that may slow the arrival of medical personnel.Contact with Parent/Guardian Either the principal, AD, athletic trainer or coach will make direct contact with the parent/guardian to explain the extent of the injury and the condition of the child. If transport is needed, the parent or guardian will be asked to designate the facility they wish to have their child taken for treatment. The parent/guardian should also be informed that consent is needed for hospital treatment and that there presents is required immediately.Activating the EMS SystemMaking the Call:911 (if available)Telephone numbers for local police, fire department, and ambulance serviceProviding Information:Name and telephone number of caller, address of the emergencyNumber of athletesCondition of athlete(s)First aid treatment initiated by athletic trainer/first responderSpecific directions as needed to locate the emergency scene ("come to south entrance of coliseum")Other information as requested by dispatcherWhen forming the emergency team, it is important to adapt the team to each situation or sport. It may also be advantageous to have more than one individual assigned to each role. This allows the emergency team to function even though certain members may not always be present.Emergency CommunicationCommunication is the key to quick delivery of emergency care in athletic trauma situations. Athletic trainers and emergency medical personnel must work together to provide the best possible care to injured athletes. Communication prior to the event is a good way to establish boundaries and to build rapport between both groups of professionals. Prior to the beginning of each fall season athletic trainers and EMTs will meet to coordinate communication and emergency response plans, as designated by WSFCS Athletic Training Program. If emergency medical transportation is not available on site during a particular sporting event then direct communication with the emergency medical system at the time of injury or illness is necessary. Access to a working telephone or other telecommunications device, whether fixed or mobile, should be assured. The communications system should be checked prior to each practice or competition to ensure proper working order. A back-up communication plan should be in effect should there be failure of the primary communication system. The most common method of communication is a public telephone. However, a cellular phone is preferred, if available. At any athletic venue, whether home or away, it is important to know the location of a workable telephone. Prearranged access to the phone should be established if it is not easily accessible.Emergency EquipmentAll necessary emergency equipment should be at the site and quickly accessible. Personnel should be familiar with the function and operation of each type of emergency equipment. Equipment should be in good operating condition, and personnel must be trained in advance to use it properly. Emergency equipment should be checked on a regular basis and use rehearsed by emergency personnel. The emergency equipment available should be appropriate for the level of training for the emergency medical providers. It is important to know the proper way to care for and store the equipment as well. Equipment should be stored in a clean and environmentally controlled area. It should be readily available when emergency situations arise.Mt. Tabor has three AED’s available for sporting events and practices, one in the women’s PE office, one in the athletic training room and one in the main office. The athletic trainer, however, will carry the AED from the athletic training room to all sporting events they attend. TransportationEmphasis is placed on having an ambulance on site at high risk sporting events. EMS response time is additionally factored in when determining on site ambulance coverage.The athletics director coordinates on site ambulances for competition in home football games. Ambulances may be coordinated on site for other special events/sports, such as major tournaments or NCHSAA regional or championship events. Consideration is given to the capabilities of transportation service available (i.e., Basic Life Support or Advanced Life Support) and the equipment and level of trained personnel on board the ambulance. In the event that an ambulance is on site, there should be a designated location with rapid access to the site and a cleared route for entering/exiting the venue.In the emergency evaluation, the primary survey assists the emergency care provider in identifying emergencies requiring critical intervention and in determining transport decisions. In an emergency situation, the athlete should be transported by ambulance, where the necessary staff and equipment is available to deliver appropriate care.Emergency care providers should refrain from transporting unstable athletes in inappropriate vehicles. Care must be taken to ensure that the activity areas are supervised should the emergency care provider leave the site in transporting the athlete.Crowd ManagementWhile this is not listed as one of the four roles of emergency responders, this is critical to successful emergency management. It is necessary to decide beforehand what administrator, teacher or other personnel will be responsible for keeping the general public, spectators, or crowd away from the scene. This will help keep the scene more calm and allow those responding to the athlete/patient to work efficiently.ConclusionThe importance of being properly prepared when athletic emergencies arise cannot be stressed enough. An athlete's survival may hinge on how well trained and prepared athletic healthcare providers are. It is prudent to invest athletic department "ownership" in the emergency plan by involving the athletic administration and sport coaches as well as sports medicine personnel. The emergency plan should be reviewed at least once a year with all athletic personnel, along with CPR and first aid recertification when necessary. Through development and implementation of the emergency plan, the athletics department helps ensure that the athlete will have the best care provided when an emergency situation does arise.Approved by:Principal _________________________________________Date: ____________________Athletic Director___________________________________Date:____________________Certified Athletic Trainer ____________________________Date:____________________Team Physician____________________________________Date:____________________Football Stadium (Football, Soccer, Track, Field Hockey, Lacrosse)Emergency PersonnelATC, adult first responder, student assistants, coachesEmergency CommunicationMobile phone carried by the athletic trainerFixed phone line in the concession standEmergency EquipmentAT kit, AED, splint kit, rescue shearsRoles of the First RespondersImmediate care of the injured athlete or ill student -Most qualified adult provider at the scene shall assume this roleEmergency equipment retrieval – student assistant/coachActivation of EMS – student or coach911 call (provide name, address (342 Petree Rd. Winston-Salem 27106), telephone number; number of individuals injured; condition of injured; first aid treatment; specific directions; other information as requested)Notify parents and school's administration as soon as possible (Emergency contact #’s are in the athletic training kit)Direction of EMS to sceneOpen appropriate gatesDesignate one to two people to "flag down" EMS and direct to scene. May bestudents or coachesScene control: limit scene to first aid providers and move bystanders away from areaVenue DirectionsRobinhood Road to Peace Haven. Turn right on Peace Haven. Road name changes at the next stoplight to Petree Road. Follow Petree around school to visitor's entrance near Huntingreen Avenue. The gate will be open on the left and the track will be used to get to the field.Venue MapBaseball FieldEmergency PersonnelATC, adult first responder, student assistants, coachesEmergency Communication Mobile phone carried by the athletic trainer Mobile phone carried by the Athletic director or AdministratorEmergency EquipmentAT kit, AED, Splint Kit Roles of the First RespondersImmediate care of the injured athlete or ill student (Most qualified adult provider at the scene shall assume this role)Emergency equipment retrieval – student assistant/coachActivation of EMS – student or coach911 call (provide name, address (342 Petree Rd Winston-Salem 27106), telephone number; number of individuals injured; condition of injured; first aid treatment; specific directions; other information as requested)Notify parents and school's administration as soon as possible (Emergency contact #’s are in the athletic training kit)Direction of EMS to sceneOpen appropriate gatesDesignate one to two people to "flag down" EMS and direct to scene. May bestudents or coachesScene control: limit scene to first aid providers and move bystanders away from areaVenue DirectionsRobinhood Road to Peace Haven. Turn right on Peace Haven. Road name changes at the next stoplight to Petree Road. Follow Petree around school to the tennis court entrance (Marked Entrance # 4). Come through fence gate to baseball field.Venue MapSoftball Field/BandEmergency PersonnelATC, adult first responder, student assistants, coachesEmergency CommunicationMobile phone carried by athletic trainer Fixed phone in the closest building to fieldEmergency Equipment AT Kit, AEDRoles of the First RespondersImmediate care of the injured athlete or ill student (Most qualified adult provider at the scene shall assume this role)Emergency equipment retrieval – student assistant/coachActivation of EMS – student or coach911 call (provide name, address (342 Petree Rd Winston-Salem 27106), telephone number; number of individuals injured; condition of injured; first aid treatment; specific directions; other information as requested)Notify parents and school's administration as soon as possible (Emergency contact #’s are in the athletic training kit)Direction of EMS to sceneOpen appropriate gatesDesignate one to two people to "flag down" EMS and direct to scene. May bestudents or coachesScene control: limit scene to first aid providers and move bystanders away from areaVenue DirectionsRobinhood Road to Peace Haven. Turn right on Peace Haven. Road name changes at the next stoplight to Petree Road. Follow Petree around school to the tennis court entrance (Marked Entrance # 4). Come through fence gate to softball field.Venue MapGymnasium (Basketball, Volleyball, Wrestling Tournaments)Emergency PersonnelATC, adult first responder, student assistants, coachesEmergency CommunicationMobile phone carried by athletic trainer Fixed phone in coaches officeEmergency Equipment AT Kit, AEDRoles of the First RespondersImmediate care of the injured athlete or ill student (Most qualified adult provider at the scene shall assume this role)Emergency equipment retrieval – student assistant/coachActivation of EMS – student or coach911 call (provide name, address (342 Petree Rd Winston-Salem 27106), telephone number; number of individuals injured; condition of injured; first aid treatment; specific directions; other information as requested)Notify parents and school's administration as soon as possible (Emergency contact #’s are in the athletic training kit)Direction of EMS to sceneOpen appropriate gatesDesignate one to two people to "flag down" EMS and direct to scene. May bestudents or coachesScene control: limit scene to first aid providers and move bystanders away from areaVenue DirectionsRobinhood Road to Peace Haven. Turn right on Peace Haven. Road name change at the next stoplight to Petree Road. Follow Petree to the first parking lot entrance (buses only) at Mt. Tabor. Proceed to gym entrance. (Marked Entrance # 1)Venue MapWrestling Room/Weight Room/CafeteriaEmergency PersonnelATC, Adult First Responder, Student Assistants, CoachesEmergency CommunicationFixed phoneMobile phone carried by athletic trainer Emergency EquipmentAT Kit, AEDRoles of the First RespondersImmediate care of the injured athlete or ill student (Most qualified adult provider at the scene shall assume this role)Emergency equipment retrieval – student assistant/coachActivation of EMS – student or coach911 call (provide name, address (342 Petree Rd Winston-Salem 27106), telephone number; number of individuals injured; condition of injured; first aid treatment; specific directions; other information as requested)Notify parents and school's administration as soon as possible (Emergency contact #’s are in the athletic training kit)Direction of EMS to sceneOpen appropriate gatesDesignate one to two people to "flag down" EMS and direct to scene. May bestudents or coachesScene control: limit scene to first aid providers and move bystanders away from areaVenue DirectionsRobinhood Road to Peace Haven. Turn right on Peace Haven. Road name changes at the next stoplight to Petree Road. Follow Petree around school to the tennis court entrance (Marked Entrance # 4). Come through fence gate to enter building.Venue MapTennis CourtsEmergency PersonnelATC, adult first responder, student assistants, coachesEmergency CommunicationFixed phone Mobile phone carried by athletic trainer Emergency Equipment AT Kit, AEDRoles of the First RespondersImmediate care of the injured athlete or ill student (Most qualified adult provider at the scene shall assume this role)Emergency equipment retrieval – student assistant/coachActivation of EMS – student or coach911 call (provide name, address (342 Petree Rd Winston-Salem 27106), telephone number; number of individuals injured; condition of injured; first aid treatment; specific directions; other information as requested)Notify parents and school's administration as soon as possible (Emergency contact #’s are in the athletic training kit)Direction of EMS to sceneOpen appropriate gatesDesignate one to two people to "flag down" EMS and direct to scene. May bestudents or coachesScene control: limit scene to first aid providers and move bystanders away from areaVenue DirectionsRobinhood Road to Peace Haven. Turn right on Peace Haven. Road name changes at the next stoplight to Petree Road. Follow Petree around school to the tennis court entrance (Marked Entrance # 4). Tennis courts will be to the right and left of the entrance.Venue MapPractice FieldsEmergency PersonnelATC, adult first responder, student assistants, coachesEmergency CommunicationFixed phone Mobile phone carried by athletic trainer Emergency EquipmentAT Kit, AEDRoles of the First RespondersImmediate care of the injured athlete or ill student (Most qualified adult provider at the scene shall assume this role)Emergency equipment retrieval – student assistant/coachActivation of EMS – student or coach911 call (provide name, address (342 Petree Rd Winston-Salem 27106), telephone number; number of individuals injured; condition of injured; first aid treatment; specific directions; other information as requested)Notify parents and school's administration as soon as possible (Emergency contact #’s are in the athletic training kit)Direction of EMS to sceneOpen appropriate gatesDesignate one to two people to "flag down" EMS and direct to scene. May bestudents or coachesScene control: limit scene to first aid providers and move bystanders away from areaVenue DirectionsRobinhood Road to Peace Haven. Turn right on Peace Haven. Road name changes at the next stoplight to Petree Road. Follow Petree around school to the tennis court entrance (Marked Entrance # 4). Come through fence gate and practice fields will be to the right.Venue MapSpeas Elementary - 2000 Polo Rd, Winston-Salem, NC 27106 - Boy’s Lacrosse Emergency PersonnelCoachesEmergency CommunicationMobile phone carried by CoachEmergency EquipmentFirst Aid KitRoles of the First RespondersImmediate care of the injured athlete or ill student (Most qualified adult provider at the scene shall assume this role)Emergency equipment retrieval –coach/student athleteActivation of EMS – student or coachCall 911 (provide name, address (342 Petree Rd Winston-Salem 27106), telephone number; number of individuals injured; condition of injured; first aid treatment; specific directions; other information as requested)Notify parents and school's administration as soon as possible Direction of EMS to sceneOpen appropriate gatesDesignate one to two people to "flag down" EMS and direct to scene. May bestudents or coachesScene control: limit scene to first aid providers and move bystanders away from areaVenue DirectionsReynolda Road to Polo Road. Turn Left onto Polo Road. Speas Elementary is located on the Left. Use Entrance_____________ Venue MapJefferson Middle – 3500 Sally Kirk Rd, Winston-Salem, NC 27106 – Girl’s LacrosseEmergency PersonnelCoachesEmergency CommunicationMobile phone carried by CoachEmergency EquipmentFirst Aid KitRoles of the First RespondersImmediate care of the injured athlete or ill student (Most qualified adult provider at the scene shall assume this role)Emergency equipment retrieval –coach/student athleteActivation of EMS – student or coachCall 911 (provide name, address, telephone number; number of individualsinjured; condition of injured; first aid treatment; specific directions; otherinformation as requested)Notify parents and school's administration as soon as possible Direction of EMS to sceneOpen appropriate gatesDesignate one to two people to "flag down" EMS and direct to scene. May bestudents or coachesScene control: limit scene to first aid providers and move bystanders away from areaVenue DirectionsRobinhood Road to Norman Road. Turn left onto Sally Kirk Road. Take first left into school and practice field is located behind school. Venue MapInclement Weather PoliciesHot Weather GuidelinesFrom the NATA Fluid Replacement StatementDehydration can compromise athletic performance and increase the risk of exertion heat injury. Athletes do not voluntarily drink sufficient water to prevent dehydration during physical activity. Drinking behavior can be modified by education, increasing fluid accessibility, and optimizing palatability. However, excessive overdrinking should be avoided because it can also compromise physical performance and health. We will provide practical guidelines regarding fluid replacement for athletes.Acclimatization will take place over 11 daysUnlimited amounts of water will be made readily availableIt is recommended that 6-10oz of water be consumed every 20 minutes.Wet bulb temperatures will be taken to determine training standards using a sling psychrometer or equivalent device if available.Each school will default to practice/game restrictions put in place by WSFCS. If no such restriction is in place for the day, follow procedure below:Temperature (F) Humidity Procedure80 – 90 < 70 Watch Obese athletes, provide unlimited water80 – 90 > 70 Breaks recommended every half hour90 – 100 < 70 All athletes should be under careful supervision90 – 100 > 70 Abbreviated practice with light equipment or suspended practice> 100No practiceCold Weather GuidelinesEach school will default to practice/game restrictions put in place by WSFCS. If no such restriction is in place for the day, follow the procedure below:Wind chill temperatures of:30F and below: Be aware of the potential for cold injury and notify appropriate personnel of the potential. 25F and below: Provide additional protective clothing, cover as much exposed skin as practical, and provide opportunities and facilities for re-warming.15F and below: Consider modifying activity to limit exposure or to allow more frequent chances to re-warm.0F and below: Consider terminating or rescheduling activity.Lightning PolicyFrom the NATA Position Statement on Lightning Safety for Athletics and Recreation: Journal of Athletic Training, 2013; 48(2):258-270“Lightning is the most dangerous and frequently encountered thunderstorm hazard that people experience every year. Over the past century, it has consistently been in the top 2 causes of storm-related deaths in the United States. During the most recent decade, lightning was responsible for an average of 42 fatalities yearly in the United Sates and an estimated 10 times as many injuries. Lightning is a widespread danger to the physically active population, in part because of the prevalence of afternoon to early evening thunderstorms from late spring to early fall and a societal trend toward outdoor physical activities during those times.”RecommendationsThe National Athletic Trainers’ Association and WSFCS recommend a proactive approach to lightning safety, including the implementation of a lightning-safety policy. The policy includes promoting lightning-safety slogans supported by the National Weather Service, establishing a chain of command, monitoring local weather forecasts, and designating a weather watcher. Further components of this policy are identifying safe locations from the lightning hazard and identifying specific criteria for suspending and resuming activity. Guidelines for Mount Tabor High School“NO Place Outside Is Safe When Thunderstorms Are In The Area!”“When Thunder Roars, Go Indoors!”“Half An Hour Since Thunder Roars, Now It’s Safe To Go Outdoors!”The principal, assistant principal, athletic director, athletic trainer or game official will make the official call to remove individuals from the game field. The athletic trainer or coach will make the call to remove individuals from the practice field(s).The athletic trainer or athletic director shall monitor weather through the use of a SkyScan, Spark Weatherbug Smartphone App, local forecast, or .The athletic trainer or an assistant coach will be the designated weather watcher, actively looking for signs of threatening weather.The primary choice for a lightning-safe building is any fully enclosed building with wiring and plumbing. If a safe building is not available, a fully enclosed vehicle with a solid metal roof and sides provides nearly equivalent safety. Each venue specific location is listed below. Postpone or suspend activities if a thunderstorm appears imminent before or during activity. If thunder can be heard, lightning is close enough to be a hazard, and people should go to a safe location immediately. The Spark Weatherbug Smartphone App will be used to determine when lightning is approaching or in the immediate area. The Spark Weatherbug Smartphone App monitors the area and alerts you to lightening activity in the area. It will indicated the closest lightning strike within the last 30 minutes. Activities should be suspended until 30 minutes after the last strike of lightning within 10 miles as indicated by the Spark Weatherbug app or after the last sound of thunder is heard. This 30-minute clock restarts for each lightning flash and each time thunder is heard.Safe shelters for each venue are as follows:Football/Soccer/Track/Lacrosse/Field HockeySchool Gyms/Locker RoomsSchool Buses, Cars, or Vans Stadium BathroomsBaseballSchool Gyms/Locker RoomsSchool Buses, Cars, or VansSoftballSchool Gyms/Locker RoomsSchool Buses, Cars, or VansTennisSchool Gyms/Locker RoomsAuditoriumSchool Buses, Cars, or VansUnsafe locations include most places termed shelters, locations with open areas, and areas near tall objects. Lightning-safety strategies include avoiding shelter in storage sheds, dugouts, concession stands, press boxes, open garages, and under the stadium. Everyone should also avoid standing under trees, poles and elevated areas as well as avoid open fields.First Aid for Lightning VictimsRescuers and emergency personnel must ensure their own personal safety before venturing into a dangerous situation to render care. The EMS should be activated as soon as it is determined that casualties may exist. Touching a victim to provide first aid is safe. If a lightning strike victim presents in asystole cardiac or respiratory arrest, it is critical to initiate CPR as soon as safely possible. If an AED is available, it should be used with victims who are unconscious or may be in cardiac arrest. Personnel responsible for the well-being of participants should maintain current CPR and first-aid certifications. Evaluate and treat lightning strike victims in the following order:1) Move patient(s) to a safer location if needed. 2) Evaluate and treat for apnea (cessation of breathing) and absence of heartbeat (cardiac arrest). 3) Assess level of consciousness. 4) Evaluate and treat for the possibility of spinal injuries.5) Evaluate and treat for hypothermia. Tornado PolicyIn the event of a tornado watch or warning, please make sure to confirm with school administration and athletic directors about the course of action for your athletes. These violent storms can arise at any time during a favorable event and being caught off guard could be deadly. Please make sure your coaches and athletes are aware of the safe locations to report to in the event of tornadic activity. If there is not a school policy regarding a safe location, please get your athletes to an interior room of a sturdy building. This is best decided on prior to a severe weather event. Listed below are three locations that would be suitable for refuge: Main GymSmall GymCafeteriaAdditional Considerations for Specific Conditions Sudden Cardiac ArrestGoal of initiating CPR within 1 minute of collapseTarget first responders (e.g. ATC, first responders, coaches) should receive CPR training and maintain certificationGoal of “shock” from a defibrillator within 3-5 minutes of collapseConsider obtaining Automatic External Defibrillator (AED)Understand that in most communities the time from EMS activation to shock is 6.1 minutes on average and can be longer in some placesAppropriate training, maintenance and accessNotify EMS of AED type, number and exact locationAdditional equipment to consider beyond AEDBarrier shield device/ pocket masks for rescue breathingNo practice or play until the athlete is cleared by a licensed physician. Heat IllnessFollow NCHSAA heat and humidity guidelines(developed for football, but applicable to other sports) Inquire about sickle cell trait status on Pre-Participation formConsider those with the trait to be “susceptible to heat illness”Those with the trait should not be subjected to timed workoutsThose with the trait should be removed from participation immediately if any sign of “exhaustion” or “struggling” is observedIf heat illness is suspectedActivate EMS immediatelyBegin cooling measuresShade, cool environmentIce water immersion, ice packs, soaked towels, fan and mistAny victim of heat illness must be cleared by a physician before return to play Head and Neck InjuryAthletic trainer/first responder should be prepared to remove the face-mask from a football or lacrosse helmet in order to access a victim’s airway without moving the cervical spineSports medicine team should communicate ahead of time with local EMSAgree upon C-spine immobilization techniquesType of immobilization equipment available on-site and from EMSAthletes and coaches should be trained NOT to move victimsAsthmaStudents with asthma should have an “asthma action plan”Lists medications, describes actions to take based on certain symptoms and/or peak flow values as determined by a licensed physician/PA/NPOn file with athletic trainerAvailable at games/practice/conditioningCan be same as that on file with school nurseFor examples see Students with asthma should have:Rescue inhaler and spacer if prescribedReadily accessible during games/practice/conditioningAthletic trainer/first responder should have an extra inhaler prescribed individually for each student as back upBefore each activity test to be certain it is functional, contains medication, and is not expiredPulmonary function measuring deviceUse in coordination with asthma action planAnaphylaxis Documentation of known anaphylactic allergy to bee stings, foods, medications, etc should be on file with the athletic trainerDescribe symptoms that occurWhat action to take if specific symptoms occurStudents with known anaphylactic allergy should have rescue prescription medication (usually an EPI-PEN)Readily available during games/practices/conditioningAthletic trainer/first responder should have an extra supply of the rescue medication prescribed individually for each student as back upBefore each activity examine to be certain it is functional, contains medication and is not expired.WSFCS has made available EPI-PENs for emergency use. Located in the Main OfficePer WSFCS guidelines, when an EPI-PEN is used EMS will be activated. ConcussionsBump or blow to head, may or may not loose consciousnessSymptoms include: headache, nausea, balance problems, dizziness, vision difficulty, sensitivity to light and sound, sluggishness, feeling “foggy”, concentration problems, or confusion Immediate actions:Remove from practice or playAssessment from qualified personnelActivate EMS if necessaryAthlete may not return to practice or play until concussion form is filled out and released from licensed physician. ................
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