Classification of Matter



General Chemistry Name: Date:

Hour:

|Classification of Matter Guided Notes |

Today’s topics:

Elements

Compounds

Mixtures

Types of Mixtures

Pure Substance or Mixture?

• A sample of matter is either pure—made up of only one kind of matter— or it is a mixture of different kinds of matter.

• A is matter, either an element or compound, with the same fixed composition and properties.

• A is a combination of two or more substances in which the basic identity of each substance is not changed.

• Unlike pure substances, mixtures do not have specific .

1.) Elements ( substance)

▪ form of matter.

▪ Pure chemical substance consisting of one form of matter.

▪ Can’t be broken down into simpler substances without changing its .

▪ Examples:

2.) Compounds ( substance)

• A more complete definition is that a is a chemical combination of two or more different elements joined together in a fixed proportion with a unique set of chemical and physical properties.

• More than 10 million compounds are known and the number keeps growing.

o Examples:

• The properties of the compound are different from the properties of the that compose the compound.

3.) Mixtures (NOT a substance)

• A mixture is one with different compositions, depending upon where you look.

o The components of the mixture exist as distinct regions, often called .

o Examples:

• mixtures are the same throughout.

o Examples:

• Another name for this type of mixture is .

• Some solutions are gases. , for example, is a homogeneous mixture of several gases.

• Some solutions are solid. See: alloy

• In addition, most of the processes of life occur in (solutions where water is the solute.

o : thing being dissolved

o : liquid the solute is dissolved in

Others

Alloy

• Solid solutions that contain different metals and sometimes nonmetallic substances.

o Examples:

Emulsion

• is a mixture of two or more liquids which are normally immiscible (not mixable)

o Examples:

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