The date of my Civics End of Course - Muse TECHNOLOGIES



7th Grade Civics End of Course ExamStudy Guide124301366675The date of my Civics End of Course will be: ______________Table of ContentsOrigins and Purposes of Law and Government5SS.7.C.1.1 - Recognize how Enlightenment ideas including Montesquieu’s view of separation of power and John Locke’s theories related to natural law and how Locke’s social contract influenced the Founding Fathers.5SS.7.C.1.2 - Trace the impact that the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Thomas Paine's "Common Sense" had on colonists' views of government.7SS.7.C.1.3 - Describe how English policies and responses to colonial concerns led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence.9SS.7.C.1.4 - Analyze the ideas (natural rights, role of the government) and complaints set forth in the Declaration of Independence.10SS.7.C.1.5 - Identify how the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation led to the writing of the Constitution.12SS.7.C.1.6 - Interpret the intentions of the Preamble of the Constitution.14SS.7.C.1.7 - Describe how the Constitution limits the powers of government through separation of powers and checks and balances.16SS.7.C.1.8 - Explain the viewpoints of the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists regarding the ratification of the Constitution and inclusion of a bill of rights.17SS.7.C.1.9 - Define the rule of law and recognize its influence on the development of the American legal, political, and governmental systems.19SS.7.C.3.10 - Identify sources and types (civil, criminal, constitutional, military) of law.20Roles, Rights and Responsibilities of Citizens22SS.7.C.2.1 - Define the term "citizen," and identify legal means of becoming a United States citizen.22SS.7.C.2.2 - Evaluate the obligations citizens have to obey laws, pay taxes, defend the nation, and serve on juries.24SS.7.C.2.4 - Evaluate rights contained in the Bill of Rights and other amendments to the Constitution.26SS.7.C.2.5 - Distinguish how the Constitution safeguards and limits individual rights.29SS.7.C.3.6 - Evaluate constitutional rights and their impact on individuals and society.31SS.7.C.3.7 - Analyze the impact of the 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, 24th, and 26th amendments on participation of minority groups in the American political process.33SS.7.C.3.12 - Analyze the significance and outcomes of landmark Supreme Court cases including, but not limited to, Marbury v. Madison, Plessy v. Ferguson, Brown v. Board of Education, Gideon v. Wainwright, Miranda v. Arizona, in re Gault, Tinker v. Des Moines, Hazelwood v. Kuhlmier, United States v. Nixon, and Bush v. Gore.35Government Policies and Political Processes39SS.7.C.2.8 - Identify America's current political parties, and illustrate their ideas about government.39SS.7.C.2.9 - Evaluate candidates for political office by analyzing their qualifications, experience, issue-based platforms, debates, and political ads.40SS.7.C.2.10 - Examine the impact of media, individuals, and interest groups on monitoring and influencing government.42SS.7.C.2.11 - Analyze media and political communications (bias, symbolism, propaganda).43SS.7.C.2.13 - Examine multiple perspectives on public and current issues.46SS.7.C.4.1 - Differentiate concepts related to United States domestic and foreign policy.47SS.7.C.4.2 - Recognize government and citizen participation in international organizations.49SS.7.C.4.3 - Describe examples of how the United States has dealt with international conflicts.51Organization and Function of Government53SS.7.C.3.1 - Compare different forms of government (direct democracy, representative democracy, socialism, communism, monarchy, oligarchy, autocracy).53SS.7.C.3.2 - Compare parliamentary, federal, confederal, and unitary systems of government.55SS.7.C.3.3 - Illustrate the structure and function (three branches of government established in Articles I, II, and III with corresponding powers) of government in the United States as established in the Constitution.57SS.7.C.3.4 - Identify the relationship and division of powers between the federal government and state governments.59SS.7.C.3.5 - Explain the Constitutional amendment process.61SS.7.C.3.8 - Analyze the structure, functions, and processes of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.63SS.7.C.3.11 - Diagram the levels, functions, and powers of courts at the state and federal levels.67SS.7.C.3.13 - Compare the constitutions of the United States and Florida.69SS.7.C.3.14 - Differentiate between local, state, and federal governments' obligations and services.70Origins and Purposes of Law and GovernmentSS.7.C.1.1 - Recognize how Enlightenment ideas including Montesquieu’s view of separation of power and John Locke’s theories related to natural law and how Locke’s social contract influenced the Founding Fathers.VocabularyJohn LockeNatural Law, Natural Rights (Life, Liberty, Property), Social Contract – government and people form a contract Limited GovernmentThe principle that a ruler or a government is not all-powerfulMontesquieu Separation of Powers (legislative, executive, judicial) Natural RightA freedom people possess relating to life, liberty, and propertySeparation of PowersThe split of authority among legislative, executive, and judicial branchesThe image below concerns government.1. Which Enlightenment idea is represented by the image?Separation of powersChecks and balancesSocial contractNatural lawThe statements below are from the 1776 Virginia Declaration of Rights2. Which statement reflects the Enlightenment ideas of government as expressed by Montesquieu?12343. How are the Enlightenment ideas that influenced the Founding Fathers reflected in modern institutions?Colonies have been re-established to preserve popular sovereignty.Oligarchies have increased to safeguard natural rights.The United Nations promotes universal human rights.The European Union encourages economic stability.Application ActivitySS.7.C.1.2 - Trace the impact that the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Thomas Paine's "Common Sense" had on colonists' views of government.VocabularyMagna CartaThe first document to limit the power of the King of England; limited the government; signed in 1215 Mayflower CompactFirst form of self-government outside of the King of England; created in 1620English Bill of RightsA list of rights for the people of England; limited the government’s power; passed in 1689 Common SensePamphlet written by Thomas Paine arguing for the American Colonies to break away from English ruleSelf-GovernmentRule by people (popular sovereignty)Limited MonarchyA government where the king’s power is limited4. Which documents influenced the colonists' views of government?Common Sense, Articles of Confederation, Declaration of the Rights of ManVirginia Declaration of Rights, Common Sense, Bill of RightsMagna Carta, Mayflower Compact, Common SenseMagna Carta, Iroquois Constitution, Common SenseThe diagram below shows that the colonists formed some of their political views from some historical documents.5. Which phrase completes the diagram?Separation of powersEconomic freedomSelf-governmentIndividual rightsThe passage below was written by Thomas Paine in his 1771 pamphlet, Common Sense.6. Based on this passage, how is the author's view reflected in the U.S. political system?The monarchy creates limited government.The monarchy supports self-government.Representatives are appointed.Representatives are elected.Application ActivitySS.7.C.1.3 - Describe how English policies and responses to colonial concerns led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence.VocabularyAssentTo give one’s approval; agree to somethingOppressionCruel or unjust use of authority or powerSelf-EvidentObviousTyrannyHarsh, cruel, and severe government or conductDutyA taxRule of LawNo one is above the law. Everyone must follow the law.Taxation without RepresentationColonists did not have a vote in English ParliamentAbolishTo removeSovereigntyTo have power overParliamentThe English legislature7. Which documents addressed colonial concerns about English policies?Declaration of IndependenceMayflower CompactU.S. ConstitutionBill of RightsThe diagram below describes a cause that led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence.8. Which action completes the diagram?Colonial agriculture trade increases.Colonial religious devotion increases.Colonial demand for political change increases.Colonial demand for military assistance increases.9. Why did Parliament eventually repeal the Stamp Act, which taxed goods such as newspapers and playing cards?The colonists established a blockade against British goods.The colonists were able to produce their own goods.The colonists started destroying British goods.The colonists began boycotting British goods.Application ActivitySS.7.C.1.4 - Analyze the ideas (natural rights, role of the government) and complaints set forth in the Declaration of Independence.VocabularyDebt from the French and Indian WarEngland owed money from assisting the colonies in the French and Indian war and began demanding that the colonies help pay it back in the form of taxes Road to the American RevolutionTaxation without representation, no trial by jury, limiting judicial power, quartering soldiers, dissolving legislaturesDeclaration of IndependenceNatural rights – unalienable rights (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness)Role of Government – consent of the governed, people may abolish the governmentComplaints (see Road to the American Revolution)Self-EvidentObviousUnalienableCannot take awayThe passage below is from a historical document.10. Which document contains this passage?Declaration of IndependenceArticles of ConfederationEnglish Bill of RightsU.S. ConstitutionThe passage below was written by Thomas Paine in his 1776 book,?Common Sense.11. Based on this passage, with which complaint against the king from the Declaration of Independence would Thomas Paine agree?Persecuting immigrant groupsTaking away religious rightsTaking away political rightsPersecuting racial groups12. What is one way that the ideas stated in the Declaration of Independence are evident today?Equal employment opportunitiesVoting rights amendmentsSelective serviceTerm limitsApplication ActivitySS.7.C.1.5 - Identify how the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation led to the writing of the Constitution.VocabularyArticles of Confederationthe first constitution of the United StatesConfederationA system of government where power is located with the independent states and there is little power in the central government; a confederation is also known as a confederal systemConstitutional ConventionA meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 where delegates decided to throw out the Articles of Confederation and draft the ConstitutionDebtSomething owed, such as moneyShays Rebellionan event when 2,000 Massachusetts farmers rebelled against land foreclosures and debt from the Revolutionary WarThe diagram below shows steps leading to a historical event.13. Which event completes the diagram?Declaration of IndependenceArticles of ConfederationAnnapolis ConventionWhiskey Rebellion14. How did the U.S. Constitution solve a problem created by the Articles of Confederation?It avoided the issue of states' rights.It allowed the states to elect representatives.It prevented the amendment of federal laws.D. It enabled the federal government to collect taxes.The passage below is from a historical document.15. How does the U.S. Constitution address concerns that resulted from the government described in this passage?The new government could enforce treaties between the states.The new government could settle disputes between the states.The new government could regulate trade between the states.The new government could levy taxes between the states.Application ActivitySS.7.C.1.6 - Interpret the intentions of the Preamble of the Constitution.VocabularyDefensemethod of protecting oneselfDomesticReferring to something at home, not foreignInsureensure, to make sureJusticeA system of establishing what is legal and illegal by fair rulesOrdainto establish something by lawPosterity Future generationsPreamblethe introduction to the U.S. ConstitutionTranquilitypeaceUnionsomething formed by combining parts, such as states into one countryWelfarewell-being16. Which part of the U.S. Constitution states the six purposes of government?Bill of RightsArticle IVPreambleArticle I17. In the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution, what is the meaning of the phrase "We the People"?The people express their will through political parties.The people express their will by directly creating ernment receives taxes from the people and exists to support ernment receives its power from the people and exists to serve them.The statement below is from a historical document.18. How is this statement reflected in the modern American political system?Voters elect Congress members.The Electoral College elects Congress.Congress enforces policies.The president enacts policies.Application ActivitySS.7.C.1.7 - Describe how the Constitution limits the powers of government through separation of powers and checks and balances.VocabularyChecks and balancesa principle of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branchesConstitutional governmentA form of government based on a written set of laws that all citizens agree to; in this form of government, the constitution is the highest law of the landJudicial reviewthe power of the judicial branch to review the actions of the executive and legislative branches and determine whether or not they are unconstitutional (this includes laws passed by Congress); the U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established this powerSeparation of powerThe structure of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that sets up three branches with their own distinct powers and responsibilities19. What check does the U.S. Senate have on the president?Overriding vetoesAppointing judgesDeclaring laws unconstitutionalRefusing to confirm appointmentsThe passage below is from Federalist No. 47, written by James Madison in 1788.20. Based on this passage, which constitutional principle does Madison describe?Separation of powersChecks and balancesPopular sovereigntyJudicial review21. Which principle supports President Eisenhower's action to uphold the U.S. Supreme Court's decision that public schools should be integrated?Judicial reviewChecks and balancesSeparation of powersConstitutional governmentApplication ActivitySS.7.C.1.8 - Explain the viewpoints of the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists regarding the ratification of the Constitution and inclusion of a bill of rights.VocabularyAnti-Federalist Papersa series of essays written to oppose and defeat the proposed U.S. Constitution Anti-FederalistsA group of people in the early United States who opposed ratification of the U.S. Constitution, because they feared a strong national government and a lack of protection for individual rightsBill of Rightsthe first ten amendments to the U.S. ConstitutionFederalist PapersA series of essays written to explain and defend the proposed U.S. Constitution22. What was the Anti-Federalists' greatest concern about ratifying the U.S. Constitution?The lack of a federal court system.The lack of legislative veto power.The lack of a strong military.The lack of a bill of rights.23. Which statement supports the Anti-Federalists in the struggle over ratification of the U.S. Constitution?The Constitution should limit state government.The Constitution should protect fundamental rights.The Constitution should create a strong national government.The Constitution should prevent the election of amateur politicians.The passage below was written by James Madison in 1787.24. Based on this passage, what change in modern political society would Madison support?Expanding the size of the CabinetExpanding the size of the Electoral CollegeExpanding the number of candidates in campaignsExpanding the role of special interest groups in campaignsApplication ActivitySS.7.C.1.9 - Define the rule of law and recognize its influence on the development of the American legal, political, and governmental systems.VocabularyLawa rule established by government or other source of authority to regulate people’s conduct or activitiesRule of LawThe idea that those who govern must follow the laws; no one is above the law25. Which principle is included in the U.S. Constitution?Rule of lawRight to trialCapitalismConfederalism26. Which statement describes an impact of the rule of law?State of natureChecks and balancesSeparation of powersTransparency of institutionsThe statement below is from the Magna Carta written in 1215.27. Which political principle justifies this statement?The right to trial protects political institutions.The rule of law guarantees fair legal treatment.Checks and balances prevent tyranny in government. Separation of powers permits shared government authority.Application ActivitySS.7.C.3.10 - Identify sources and types (civil, criminal, constitutional, military) of law.Vocabularycivil lawlaw that deals with relationships between people (rather than relationships between people and the government)constitutional lawlaw that focuses on interpreting the U.S. Constitutioncriminal lawlaw that deals with crimes and the punishments for those crimesjuvenile lawlaw that deals with people who are under the age of 18military lawlaws that apply only to people in the military28. The Code of Hammurabi (1772 BC) includes laws focusing on contracts. What type of U.S. law is based on the Code of Hammurabi?CivilConstitutionalCriminalMilitary29. Which type of law is used to help solve disputes between people or organizations?CivilConstitutionalCriminalMilitaryThe passage below is from a U.S. Supreme Court opinion announcement.30. According to the passage, which action did the U.S. Supreme Court find constitutional?The death penalty may be imposed only on adults.The death penalty may be imposed only on juveniles.The death penalty may be imposed on both adults and juveniles.The death penalty may be imposed on neither adults nor juveniles.Application ActivityRoles, Rights and Responsibilities of CitizensSS.7.C.2.1 - Define the term "citizen," and identify legal means of becoming a United States citizen.VocabularycitizenA member of a community of people who owe loyalty to a government and, in turn, are entitled to its protectioncitizenshipThe rights and duties of citizenscivicsThe study of the rights and duties of citizensgovernmentA ruling authority for a communityalienA foreign-born resident of the United States who has not been naturalizedimmigrantAn individual who moves permanently to a new countryrefugeeA person who has left his or her home to escape danger such as persecution by the government, war, or natural disasternaturalizationA legal process to obtain citizenshiplaw of bloodCitizenship is not determined by place of birth but by having one or both parents who are citizens of the statelaw of soilCitizenship is not determined by place of birth, but by having one or both parents who are citizens of the statedutyAn action we are required to performresponsibilityAn obligation that we meet of our own free will1. Which is a requirement for a person to become a naturalized U.S. citizen?Passing a U.S. history and government examWorking in the U.S. for at least five yearsBeing born to American parentsServing in the U.S. militaryThe diagram below shows some general eligibility requirements.2. Which statement completes the diagram?Joining a military serviceObtaining a driver's licenseBecoming a naturalized citizenReceiving a social security cardThe table below describes permanent resident status.3. Based on the table, what could be predicted about the impact of permanent residents on government?The number of person seeking citizenship by law of soil would decline.The number of persons seeking citizenship by law of blood would increase.The number of persons seeking naturalization would be affected by elections for Congress.The number of persons seeking naturalization would be affected by elections for governor.Application ActivitySS.7.C.2.2 - Evaluate the obligations citizens have to obey laws, pay taxes, defend the nation, and serve on juries.VocabularyobligationsBeing morally or legally bound to do somethingjuryA group of people (usually 12) who give a verdict in a court case according to evidence submitted in court4. What right do citizens have?Attending public schoolsOwning propertyHolding a jobVotingThe illustration below shows a legal document.5. Why are citizens obligated to respond to such documents?To guarantee court hearings remain publicTo guarantee courts provide probable causeTo protect the constitutional right to be tried by one's peersTo protect the constitutional right to confront one's accuserThe image below describes a citizen obligation.6. Based on this image, what can be presumed about citizen obligations?Citizens support attending civic meetings.Citizens support securing individual rights.Citizens resist registering for selective service.Citizens resist contributing to the common good.Application ActivitySS.7.C.2.4 - Evaluate rights contained in the Bill of Rights and other amendments to the Constitution.VocabularyBill of Rightsthe first ten amendments of the U.S. Constitutioncruel and unusual punishmentpunishment prohibited by the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution; includes torture or other forms of punishment too severe for the crime committed double jeopardythe prosecution of a defendant for a criminal offense for which he has already been tried; prohibited in the Fifth Amendment to the U. S. Constitutiondue processthe right of people accused of crimes to have laws that treat them fairly, so that they cannot lose their life or freedom without having their legal rights protectedeminent domainthe right of the government to take private property for public use; the Fifth Amendment requires that people be paid fairly (compensated) for their property if it is taken by the governmentequal protection under the lawa guarantee under the 14th Amendment that a state must treat a citizen or class of citizens the same as it treats other citizens or classes in like circumstancesFirst Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibiting Congress from establishing a religion, and from interfering with freedom of religious exercise, press, speech, assembly, or petitionpleading the fifththe right of a person to refuse to testify under oath in a court of law on the grounds that the answers could be used as evidence against him to convict him of a criminal offenseRight to bear armsthe right of a defendant to be assisted by an attorney, and if he cannot afford his own lawyer, the government must appoint one for him; established in the Sixth Amendmentsearch and seizurethe process by which police or other authorities who suspect that a crime has been committed do a search of a person's property and collect evidence related to the crime; protection from illegal search and seizure is in the Fourth Amendmentsuffragethe right to vote; protected in the 15th, 19th, 24th and 26th Amendmentstrial by jurya trial in which the issue is determined by a judge and a jury, usually with 12 members, whose job is to determine facts and make a judgment of guilty or not guilty; protected in the Sixth Amendmentunenumerated rightsaccording to the Ninth Amendment, any right that is not specifically addressed in the Constitution still may be protected (e.g., privacy) 7. Which three rights are guaranteed by the Bill of Rights?Freedom of speech, right to work, right to petition the governmentRight to bear arms, right to a speedy trial, right to an educationFreedom of speech, right to bear arms, right to a speedy trialRight to vote, right to work, right to a speedy trialThe image below symbolizes a right protected by the Bill of Rights.8. What constitutional right does this image symbolize? Speedy trialTrial by peersLegal representationPeaceable assembly9. Which First Amendment protections have been cited in opposition to this change? Establishment and free exerciseEstablishment and associationSpeech and free exerciseAssociation and speechApplication ActivitySS.7.C.2.5 - Distinguish how the Constitution safeguards and limits individual rights.Vocabularyappellate processthe process of asking a higher court to decide whether a trial was conducted properlyex post factoa Latin term meaning “after the fact”ex post facto lawa law that makes an act a crime after the crime has been committedhabeas corpusthe principle that the government has to provide a cause or reason for holding a person in jailindependent judiciarythe principle that decisions from the courts are fair and impartial and are not influenced by the other branches of governmentprecedenta court decision in an earlier case with facts and legal issues similar to those in a case currently before a courtprivacynot in publicpublic interestcommon benefit, the general benefit of the publicsafeguardTo protectsummary judgmenta judgment decided by a trial court without the case going to trial; a summary judgment is an attempt to stop a case from going to trialwritlaw10. Which type of law makes an act a crime after it has been committed?Summary judgmentDouble jeopardyHabeas corpusEx post factoBelow is a statement from Chief Justice John Roberts. “…students do not shed their First Amendment rights at the school-house gate.”Source: Morse v. Frederick (2007) 11. Why is this statement significant? The Constitution limits individual rights.The Constitution safeguards individual rights.The Constitution does not limit individual rights.The Constitution does not safeguard individual rights.The timeline below shows events related to the death penalty.12. What constitutional protections have resulted from these events?Constitutional protections from cruel and unusual punishment are safeguarded while executions continue.Constitutional protections from cruel and unusual punishment are limited while executions continue.Constitutional protections of due process of law are safeguarded while executions continue.Constitutional protections of due process of law are limited while executions continue.Application ActivitySS.7.C.3.6 - Evaluate constitutional rights and their impact on individuals and society.Vocabularycivil disobediencethe refusal to obey certain laws as a form of political protesteconomic freedomthe freedom to produce, trade, or use any goods or services in a way that is legaleminent domainthe right of the government to take private property for public use; the Fifth Amendment requires that people be paid fairly (compensated) for their property if it is taken by the governmentforced internmentthe confinement of a group of people, especially during a warfreedom of assemblythe right to hold meetings and form groups without interference by the government; guaranteed in the First Amendmentproperty rightsthe right to own property; mentioned in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments13. Which individual protection is found in the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution?Privacy rightsProperty rightsForced internmentCivil disobedience14. Which action represents an individual exercising a constitutional right?Summary judgmentQuartering soldiersCivil disobedienceDouble jeopardyThe passage below is from Executive Order 9066, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, February 19, 1942. …by …the authority vested in me as President of the United States, …I hereby authorize …the Secretary of War….whenever he …deems such action necessary…, to prescribe military areas in such places and of such extent as he…may determine, from which any or all persons may be excluded, and with respect to which, the right of any person to enter, remain in, or leave shall be subject to whatever restrictions the Secretary of War …may impose in his discretion.Source: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration 15. According to this passage, what impact does government have on the people? Citizens are protected from forced internment.Citizens may be subjected to forced internment.Citizens may be required to perform military service.Citizens are protected from required military service.Application ActivitySS.7.C.3.7 - Analyze the impact of the 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, 24th, and 26th amendments on participation of minority groups in the American political process.Vocabulary13th Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that made slavery unconstitutional in the United States14th Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that defines citizenship, grants citizenship to former slaves and defines voters as males at least 21 year of age15th Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that makes it illegal for the federal or state governments to deny someone the right to vote based on their race 19th Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that gave women the right to vote24th Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that made poll taxes illegal as a requirement for voting26th Amendmentan amendment to the U.S. Constitution that lowered the minimum voting age to 18amendmenta change to a constitution (e.g., U.S. Constitution, Florida Constitution)civil rightsthe basic rights of citizens to be free from unequal treatment based on certain characteristics (e.g., race, gender, disability)Civil Rights Act of 1964a federal law that prohibits employment discrimination based on race, sex, color, religion, or national originCivil Rights Act of 1968a federal law that prohibits discrimination related to the sale, rental and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin or sexdiscriminationtreating a person or group unfairly based on their race, religion, gender, disability, or other reasonsEqual Rights Amendmenta proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution outlawing discrimination based on sexliteracy testa written test used to decide whether or not someone was eligible to register votepoll taxa fee someone has to pay in order to voteprohibitto forbid or to not allow somethingsegregationthe separation of people, such as segregation based on racestates’ rightsa power or issue for individual states to determine suffragethe right to voteVoting Rights Act of 1965a federal law that banned racial discrimination in voting practices by federal, state, and local governments16. What was a common characteristic about groups denied voting rights before the 15th, 19th and 26th amendments were ratified?State legislatures could decide whether women, African-Americans and young people could vote.The president could decide whether women, African-Americans and young people could vote.Members of these groups were employed.Members of these groups had not graduated from college.The chart below describes amendments to the U.S. Constitution.AmendmentDescription15Right to vote not denied by race19Right to vote not denied to women24Right to vote not denied to those who could not pay a poll tax26Right to vote not denied to those 18-20 years old17. How did these amendments affect participation in the American political process?More citizens could vote.Fewer immigrants could vote.More candidates could be nominated.Fewer candidates could be confirmed.18. How are 14th Amendment due process protections related to the Civil Rights Act of 1968?Congress may not enact discriminatory housing statutes.Congress may not enact discriminatory employment policies. State legislatures may not enact discriminatory housing statutes.State legislatures may not enact discriminatory employment policies. Application ActivitySS.7.C.3.12 - Analyze the significance and outcomes of landmark Supreme Court cases including, but not limited to, Marbury v. Madison, Plessy v. Ferguson, Brown v. Board of Education, Gideon v. Wainwright, Miranda v. Arizona, in re Gault, Tinker v. Des Moines, Hazelwood v. Kuhlmier, United States v. Nixon, and Bush v. Gore.VocabularyArbiteraa person with the power to decide a disputeEqual Protection Clausethe section of the 14th Amendment that says the states must apply the law equally and cannot discriminate against citizen or groups of citizensExecutive privilegethe belief that the conversations between the presidents and his or her aides are confidentialJudicial opiniona judgement by a courtJudicial reviewthe power of the U.S. courts to examine the laws or actions of the legislative and executive branches of the government and to determine whether such actions are consistent with the U.S. ConstitutionJuvenile Rightsrights of people under age 18Landmarkan important or unique decision, event, fact, or discoveryLegal equalitythe concept that everyone is equal in the eyes of the lawLegal precedenta judicial decision that is used as an example in dealing with later, similar casesProsecuteto carry on a legal action against an accused person to prove his or her guiltRights of the accusedthe rights included in the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendments:protection from unreasonable search and seizureprotection against double jeopardy protection from self-incriminationright to due process right to a speedy right to a public trialright to a trial by juryright to be informed of criminal charges right to be confronted by adverse witnessesright to an attorney, protection from self-incrimination Segregationthe separation of people, such as segregation based on raceSelf-incriminationthe right in the Fifth Amendment that protects a person from being forced to reveal to the police, prosecutor, judge, or jury any information that might subject him or her to criminal prosecution Separation of powershe structure of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that sets up three branches with their own distinct powers and responsibilities Supremacy Clausethe clause that states that the U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and that national laws are supreme over state laws, found in Article VI Unanimousin complete agreement Supreme Court CasesBrown v. Board of EducationU.S. Supreme Court case that determined that “separate but equal” segregation was not equal in public education Bush v. GoreU.S. Supreme Court case that determined that states cannot violate the Equal Protection Clause under the Fourteenth Amendment when undertaking election recounts. District of Columbia v. HellerU.S. Supreme Court case that upheld that the Second Amendment protects an individual’s right to possess a firearm Gideon v. WainwrightU.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the Sixth Amendment right that all defendants must be appointed a lawyer if they cannot afford their own attorney Hazelwood v. KuhlmeierU.S. Supreme Court case that determined that the First Amendment does not protect all types of student speech in school In re gaultU.S. Supreme Court case that determined that juvenile court must comply with the Fourteenth Amendment Marbury v. MadisonU.S. Supreme Court case that established judicial reviewMiranda v. ArizonaU.S. Supreme Court cases that upheld the Fifth Amendment protection from self-incriminationPlessy v. FergusonU.S. Supreme Court case that determined that “separate but equal” segregation was not discriminationTinker v. Des MoinesU.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a student’s First Amendment right to engage in symbolic speech in school United States v. NixonSupreme Court case that limited executive privilege19. In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that the Florida Supreme Court's plan for recounting ballots violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)U.S. v. Nixon (1974)Bush v. Gore (2000)20. Following the 1966 Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona, police began informing people placed under arrest that they "have the right to remain silent." What basic freedom is this meant to protect, and how does it affect arrested individuals?The right to freedom of speech; it provides them with the ability to speak to their attorneys without fear of incrimination. The protection against self-incrimination; it informs them that speaking to law enforcement could incriminate them. The protection of due process; it prevents convicted offenders from receiving cruel and unusual punishments. The right to freedom of assembly; it prevents law enforcement from asking them questions without the presence of an attorney. 21. What lessons did future U.S. leaders learn from the 1974 U.S. Supreme Court case United States v. Nixon?The president is accountable for obeying the law.The president is responsible for enforcing the law.The president is not allowed to hold secret talks with foreign governments.The president is not allowed to have private meetings with Cabinet members.Application ActivityGovernment Policies and Political ProcessesSS.7.C.2.8 - Identify America's current political parties, and illustrate their ideas about government.VocabularyDemocratic PartyLiberal; left; tax the rich and assist the poor; social programs; big governmentLibertarian PartyLimited governmentRepublican PartyConservative; right; family values; lower taxes; smaller governmentSocialist/Communist PartyEqual wealth for all1. Which spending increase would the Democratic Party likely support?Homeland security Space explorationEducationMilitaryThe statement below is from a political party platform.We, the workers and our allies, need to take power from the hands of the wealthy few, their corporations, and their political operatives. 2. Which political party’s position is represented in the statement?CommunistDemocraticRepublicanSocialistThe conversation below is part of a political discussion. --------------------------- Lou: I am going to vote for the candidate who will support cutting government spending. Bob: Yes, we spend too much on some programs. ---------------------------3. Which party’s candidates are these voters most likely to support? DemocraticGreenRepublicanSocialistApplication ActivitySS.7.C.2.9 - Evaluate candidates for political office by analyzing their qualifications, experience, issue-based platforms, debates, and political ads.VocabularyEvaluate Candidates based on:Qualifications, Experience, Issue-based platforms, Debates, Political adsRequirements to run for President35 years old, live in US for 14 years, born in the US4. Which is a constitutional requirement to run for Congress?U.S. permanent residentAt least 25 years oldAt least 30 years oldU.S. citizen5. Why might this have been a difficult election for Richards to win? Richards is a homeowner.Richards is a party leader.Richards has less political experience than his opponent.Richards has less employment experience than his opponent.The poster below is from a recent election.Doug is pro-immigration!Doug is pro-military! Vote for Doug6. Based on the poster, what conclusion can be drawn about the candidate?Doug is running for judge.Doug is running for mayor.Doug is running for president.Doug is running for city council.Application ActivitySS.7.C.2.10 - Examine the impact of media, individuals, and interest groups on monitoring and influencing government.VocabularyBiasFavoring one side over the otherPACPolitical action committee; an organization established by a corporation, labor union, or other special interest group designed to support candidates by contributing moneySpecial interest groupAn organization that tries to influence the governmentWatchdogPeople and organizations that watch over the party in power so that they do not abuse or misuse their power7. Who do lobbyists represent in their attempts to influence government? Military officersElected officialsInterest groupsCircuit judges8. Which example represents the media acting as watchdog? A journalist discovers that an office holder held a hearing.A journalist discovers that an office holder accepted a bribe.A journalist discovers that an office holder decided to retire.A journalist discovers that an office holder voted against a bill.The statements below are taken from a government document.Executive Order 13490 -- Ethics CommitmentsBy the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America…, it is hereby ordered as follows:Section 1. Ethics Pledge. Every appointee in every executive agency appointed on or after January 20, 2009, shall sign…and…pledge…As a condition, and in consideration, of my employment in the United States Government in a position invested with the public trust, I commit myself to the following obligations…I will not accept gifts from registered lobbyists or lobbying organizations for the duration of my service as an appointee.Source: The White House9. According to the statements, what impact have lobbyists had on government?Lobbyists impact how the media endorse elected officials.Lobbyists impact how individuals use the media.Lobbyists impact congressional lawmaking.Lobbyists impact judicial decision making.Application ActivitySS.7.C.2.11 - Analyze media and political communications (bias, symbolism, propaganda).VocabularyPropaganda A system to spread ideasBiasFavoring one side over the otherSymbolismThe use of symbols to represent ideas or qualitiesEx: the Statue of Liberty is a symbol for the United States10. Which source would give the most accurate information about the views held by an incumbent running for Congress?Special interest group ratings of that Congress memberA television commercial sponsored by a political partyThe voting record of the candidate while in Congress Flyers sent through the mail by the candidateThe passage below is from a U.S. Supreme Court decision.The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has for many years imposed …a “fairness doctrine,” requiring that public issues be presented by broadcasters and that each side of those issues be given fair coverage. Source: Red Lion Broadcasting Co., Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission (1969)11. Based on the passage, what is a goal of the FCC regulation?To limit bias in political communicationTo promote bias in political communicationTo limit symbolism in political communicationTo promote symbolism in political communicationThe poster below was used in a presidential campaign. Source: Collection of the U.S. House of Representatives12. Which government action would this presidential candidate likely support?An executive order requiring that executive branch employees complete their work in an honest mannerAn executive order requiring that executive branch agencies guarantee equal employment opportunityAn executive order requiring that executive agencies work together to coordinate ocean-related matters An executive order requiring that a commission be established focusing on Central AmericaApplication ActivitySS.7.C.2.13 - Examine multiple perspectives on public and current issues.Vocabularyeditorialan opinion based item generated by the editor or editorial board of a newspaper or other media.issuea subject that is under debate by two or more partiesnonprofit organizationa group organized on a local, national or international level to perform a variety of services related to an issue or variety of issues; funding goes toward the issue instead of making a profitperspectivepoint of viewpolitical partyan organization that tries to get political power by electing members to public office so that their political ideas can become laws or policiesspecial interest groupa group of people who are concerned with a particular issue and who try to influence legislators to act in their favor, also known as an interest group13. Which option represents a way that multiple perspectives are reflected in political participation?Public meetingsPress conferenceLegislative sessionsState of the Union address14. Which option reflects a long term policy goal?Collecting canned food to give to the poorCollecting signatures to run for public officeCollecting soap and shampoo to send overseasCollecting signatures to put an amendment on the ballot Below are views about the minimum wage. 15. Which of the following groups would most likely influence public perspectives on this debate?A group of labor union membersA group of environmentalistsA group of teachersA group of women votersApplication ActivitySS.7.C.4.1 - Differentiate concepts related to United States domestic and foreign policy.VocabularySecretary of StateAfter the President; the top person who deals with foreign affairs for the USTreatyAn agreement between two or more nationsAmbassadorofficial member of a government who represents his country in a foreign nationDiplomacy/DiplomatTalking things out instead of using military action/a person who uses diplomacyNAFTANorth American Free Trade Agreement: Mexico, USA, CanadaNon-Governmental Organizations (NGO)A group that gets involved in international affairs to protect human rights, improve living conditions, promote peace, protect the environment, etc.Domestic Affairs v. Foreign AffairsDomestic – homeForeign – other countriesInternational RelationsRefers to how nations interact with one anotherNATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization; US and its allies; Created after World War 2DoctrineA strong statement of a belief16. What is a responsibility of the U.S. Senate in foreign policy?Nominating ambassadorsIntroducing tax billsNegotiating treatiesRatifying treaties17. Which action is an example of a foreign-policy decision?Congress increased providing support to newly arrived immigrants.The president requested a law to regulate pollution near international borders.Congress raised educational standards to make students competitive in a global market.The president signed an executive order restoring relations with a communist government.Below is a graph about high school graduation rates in the United States.18. Which long term domestic policy goal is reflected in the graph?Career preparationPhysical fitnessRacial equalityPublic safetyApplication ActivitySS.7.C.4.2 - Recognize government and citizen participation in international organizations. VocabularyInternational Red Cross/Red CrescentA humanitarian NGO that provides medical treatment to people all over the worldUNUnited Nations is the organization where all nations meet and attempt to work out differences diplomatically (The UN also has UNICEF and The World Court)UNICEFUnited Nations Children’s FundA UN effort to assist needy children throughout the worldWorld CourtA court that tries people for international crimes and crimes against humanityWTOWorld Trade Organization; an organization of nations who make trade agreements19. The U.S. government is a member of which organization?United NationsEuropean UnionWorld Wildlife FundInternational Red CrossThe statement below is from Executive Order 10924, President John F. Kennedy, March 1, 1961.20. What opportunities does the executive order create for citizens and the government?To provide for the common defenseTo establish domestic tranquilityTo advance the common goodTo administer justiceThe graph below shows participation in international organizations.21. What conclusion about international NGOs can be drawn from the graph?They have decreased community involvement.They have increased democratic participation.They have maintained world peace.They have strengthened terrorism.Application ActivitySS.7.C.4.3 - Describe examples of how the United States has dealt with international conflicts.VocabularyWorld War 1US remained isolated until three years into the war; Allies: Russia, France, UKUSA winsWorld War 2US remained isolated until Pearl Harbor; Allies: USSR, UK, FranceUSA winsKorean WarUS supported the democratic south against the Chinese supported communist north; Result: stalemate; country is divided between north and southVietnam WarUS supported the democratic south against the communist northResult: US loses and all of Vietnam becomes communistBay of PigsUS trains Cuban refugees to invade Cuba and defeat Castro’s communist government; Result: the US trained refugees fail and Cuba fears a US invasionCuban Missile CrisisUSSR gives Cuba nuclear missilesResult: After a tense standoff, the US and USSR make a peaceful agreementIran Hostage CrisisOver 60 Americans were held hostage by the Iranian revolutionariesThey were released when Reagan was inauguratedPersian Gulf WarIraq invades Kuwait; The US leads forces and drives Iraq out of KuwaitWar with AfghanistanAfter 9/11 the US invades Afghanistan to hunt down Al Qaeda, bin Laden, and the TalibanInvasion of Iraq 2003The US invades Iraq to search for weapons of mass destruction – more specifically, chemical weapons22. During which conflict did the U.S. declare war on Japan?Korean WarVietnam War?World War IWorld War II23. A country with very strong economic ties to the United States is allowing human rights violations to take place. Based on U.S. foreign policy, which is an appropriate first response?Initiate a trade banInitiate public protestsInitiate diplomatic talksInitiate a military operationThe statement below was made by President Barack Obama on August 18, 2011.24. What is the relationship between President Obama's statement and U.S. involvement in Syrian political affairs?Development of diplomatic alliancesSupport for the rule of lawEconomic developmentConflict resolutionApplication ActivityOrganization and Function of GovernmentSS.7.C.3.1 - Compare different forms of government (direct democracy, representative democracy, socialism, communism, monarchy, oligarchy, autocracy).VocabularyDirect Democracypeople vote for everything (laws; leader)Representative Democracypeople vote for representatives who then make laws and decisions on their behalfSocialismA system where the government controls most of the means of production and wealth is distributed evenlyCommunismA system where all the means of production are owned and shared equally by the peopleMonarchy Monarchy – government with a king/queenAbsolute Monarchy – the king/queen has complete controlOligarchyRule by a fewAutocracyRule by oneRepublicA government where individual states come together as oneLegislatureA group that makes lawsCongressThe legislature of the United States225425246380Capitalism exists00Capitalism existsStudy the chart below and then answer question 1.363537643180Money becomes obsolete00Money becomes obsolete2463800167005Socialism is put in place00Socialism is put in place1320800147320Capitalism is overthrown00Capitalism is overthrown254000128905Worker Revolution00Worker Revolution-381001428753381375488952200275298451066800203204048125152400378142556515??1. According to Karl Marx, the workers of the world would unite and overthrow the wealthy and eventually implement which system? CommunismFederalismMonarchyAutocracy2. What do an absolute monarchy and an autocracy have in common? A. Single ruler B. Written constitution C. National court system D. Single legislative house3. What is a government that is run by the people, either directly or indirectly?A. DemocracyB. OligarchyC. AutocracyD. CommunismApplication ActivitySS.7.C.3.2 - Compare parliamentary, federal, confederal, and unitary systems of government.VocabularyFederalA government that has a central authority as a higher power over states ParliamentaryHas a prime minister; executive and legislative branches are combinedConfederalStates have more power than the central governmentUnitaryLegislative, executive, and judicial powers are not separated – they are all held by one person or group4. Which statement completes the diagram?A. In a confederal system, city governments have the most power.B. In a confederal system, international associations have the most power.C. In a confederal system, state governments have the most power.D. In a confederal system, the people have the most power.The excerpt below is from a constitution of a foreign nation. When requested by the National Assembly (legislature) or its committees, the Prime Minister…(has) to attend any meeting of the National Assembly and answer questions.5. Which type of government is evident in the excerpt above?SocialismConfederalParliamentaryDictatorship6. Which government system combines the legislative and executive powers into one body?UnitaryFederalDemocracyRepublicApplication ActivitySS.7.C.3.3 - Illustrate the structure and function (three branches of government established in Articles I, II, and III with corresponding powers) of government in the United States as established in the Constitution.Vocabularycoining moneythe power of the legislative branch to print money (coins and bills) for usedeclaration of warThe power of congress to vote to go to war with another countryelastic clausethe power of Congress to pass all laws they deem necessary and proper for carrying out its enumerated powers (also known as implied powers)foreign relationsThe power of the executive branch to decide on the United States dealing with other countries in order to achieve national goalsimplied powerspowers not written in the U.S. Constitution but are necessary and proper in order for the federal government to carry out the expressed powersenumerated or delegated powersThe power specifically named and assigned to the federal government to carry out the expressed powersoriginal jurisdictionthe power of a court to be the first to hear a case on a specific topicpardonThe formal act of forgiving someone or excusing a mistakevetoa decision by an executive authority such as a president or governor to reject a proposed law or statutecongressthe national legislative body of the U.S., consisting of the Senate, or upper house, and the House of Representatives, or lower houseimpeachto bring formal charges of wrongdoing against a public official (such as the U.S. President)expressed powersPower that the U.S. Congress has that is specifically listed in the Constitutionnon-legislative powerDuty Congress holds besides lawmaking7. Which branch of federal government makes laws?BureaucracyExecutiveJudicialLegislativeThe newspaper headline below describes an event in U.S. history.8. Which parts of the national government participated in the process described in the newspaper headline?Senate and PresidentSupreme Court and PresidentHouse of Representatives and SenateSupreme Court and House of RepresentativesThe statement below is from a congressional document, July 27, 1974.571502667009. How have similar statements influenced modern congressional actions?Presidential impeachmentPresidential nominationPresidential electionPresidential vetoApplication ActivitySS.7.C.3.4 - Identify the relationship and division of powers between the federal government and state governments.Vocabularyconcurrent powerspowers shared by the national, state, and/or local government delegated powersthe powers specifically named and assigned to the federal government or prohibited to be exercised by the states under the U.S. Constitution, also known as enumerated powersenumerated powersthe powers specifically named and assigned to the federal government or prohibited to be exercised by the states under the U.S. Constitution, also known as delegated powersfederal governmentthe national level of government; the government of the United Statesfederalism system of government in which power is divided and shared between national, state, and local governmentslocal governmentthe government of a municipality (city) or countyreserved powerspowers that are not granted to the federal government that belong to (are reserved for) the states and the people, see Tenth Amendment state governmentthe government of an individual stateSupremacy Clausethe clause that states that the U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and that national laws are supreme over state laws, found in Article VI (six)10th Amendmentthe final amendment in the Bill of Rights, it states: ”The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”10. Which constitutional provision forbids conflict between state and federal laws?Supremacy clauseHabeas corpusElastic clauseEx post facto11. Which is an example of a Tenth Amendment issue?State governments oversee public schoolsState governments coin moneyNational governments make treatiesNational governments declare warThe map below describes the number of people on death row in the United States as of 2012. Source: Adapted from the Death Penalty Information Center12. What constitutional relationship does the map illustrate?Enumerated powersConcurrent powersDelegated powersReserved powersApplication ActivitySS.7.C.3.5 - Explain the Constitutional amendment process.Vocabularyamendmenta change to a constitution (e.g., U.S. Constitution, Florida Constitution)caucusA meeting to select a candidate or promote a policyratifyTo confirm by expression consent or approvalrescindTo officially cancel or overturn13. Which government institution may vote on constitutional amendments? BureaucracyExecutiveJudicial LegislativeThe newspaper headline below describes an event in U.S. history.Source: Anti-Saloon League Museum14. Based on the headline, what happened before the event presented in the image?Two-thirds of each house of Congress voted to support the amendment.The president rejected the amendment after Congress voted to support it.Three-fourths of each house of Congress voted to support the amendment.The president forwarded the amendment to the states after Congress voted to support it.682625547370In the United States of America women [are] unrepresented in this government—our rights and interests wholly overlooked.In the United States of America women [are] unrepresented in this government—our rights and interests wholly overlooked.The passage below is from an 1848 speech by Elizabeth Cady Stanton.Source: Public Domain15. Based on the passage, which action in the modern political system would Elizabeth Cady Stanton support?Amending the U.S. Constitution to extend suffrageAmending the U.S. Constitution to guarantee due processCongress enacting a law limiting freedom of speech rightsCongress enacting a law limiting freedom of association rightsApplication ActivitySS.7.C.3.8 - Analyze the structure, functions, and processes of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.Vocabularyambassadora person sent as the chief representative of his or her own government to another countrybicameralhaving two chambers (e.g. the two houses of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives)billa proposal for a lawcabinetpeople appointed by the president to head executive departments of government and act as official advisers to the presidentcommitteea group of House or Senate (or both) members that discusses and debates proposed bills; they may also discuss issues of interest to the countryexecutive orderan order that comes from the U.S. President or a government agency and must be obeyed like a lawmajority leadera position where a Member of Congress is elected by the majority party to serve as the chief spokesperson for that party and to manage and schedule the business of either houseminority leadera position where a member of Congress is elected by the minority party to serve as the chief spokesperson for the party and to support the majority party in managing and scheduling the business of either housepresidentthe head of the executive branchPresident pro tempore of the Senatethe person who presides over the Senate when the Vice President is not presentSpeaker of the Housean office identified in Article I, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution; the leader of the U.S. House of Representatives, usually the highest ranking member of the majority partyU.S Representativea member of the U.S House of Representatives; representatives are elected in districts throughout each stateU.S. Senatethe upper house of the U.S. CongressU.S. Senatora member of the U.S. Senate elected to represent an entire state; there are two senators per stateU.S. Supreme Courtthe highest court of the United States; it sits at the top of the federal court systemCongressthe national legislative body of the U.S., consisting of the Senate, or upper house, and the House of Representatives, or lower houseexecutive branchthe branch of government that enforces the laws made by the legislative branchfederalisma system of government in which power is divided and shared between national, state, and local governmentjudicial branchthe branch of government that interprets the laws made by the legislative branchlegislative branchthe branch of government that creates lawsU.S. House of Representativesthe lower house of the U.S. CongressThe diagram below shows some of the steps involved in creating a Florida state law.16. What is the next step in the lawmaking process?The governor signs the bill into law.The bill goes to the Senate for action.The people vote on the bill in an election.The bill goes to the Supreme Court for a hearing.17. What do the highest courts of Florida and the United States have in common?Both have the same number of justices.Both have chief justices.Justices serve for life with good behavior.Justices serve for set terms of office.The table below describes presidential vetoes.18. Based on the table, how has the legislative process been impacted by presidential vetoes?The president's' views are not reflected in public policy.The president's' views are reflected in public policy.Congress represents the will of the people.Congress represents the will of the states.Application ActivitySS.7.C.3.11 - Diagram the levels, functions, and powers of courts at the state and federal levels.Vocabularyappeala request, made after a trial, asking a higher court to decide whether that trial was conducted properlyappellate courtany court that has the power to hear appeals from lower courtscircuit courtsa court for a defined region of a state (usually including several counties) that has specific divisions and hears cases involving more serious crimes (felonies) and civil cases involving large amounts of money (more than $1000)county courtsa court that hears both civil and criminal cases involving less serious crimes or minor issues for one specific countyjudicial reviewthe power of the judicial branch to review the actions of the executive and legislative branches and determine whether or not they are unconstitutional (this includes laws passed by Congress); the U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established this powerjurisdictionthe right and power for courts to hear a case, interpret and apply the lawjurya group of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in a court of lawtrial courtthe local, state, or federal court that is the first to hear a civil or criminal case; involves a hearing and decision with a single judge, with or without a juryU.S. Circuit Court of Appealsthe courts where parties who are dissatisfied with the judgment of a U.S. District court may take their caseU.S. Supreme Courtthe highest court of the United States; it sits at the top of the federal court system19. What is the correct order of Florida's courts, from lowest to highest authority?Circuit courts, Florida Supreme Court, county courts, District Court of AppealsCounty courts, circuit courts, District Court of Appeals, Florida Supreme CourtDistrict Court of Appeals, Florida Supreme Court, county courts, circuit courtsFlorida Supreme Court, circuit courts, District Court of Appeals, county courtsThe diagram below provides details about the U.S. court system.20. Which court completes the diagram?Court of Veterans AppealsCourt of AppealsMilitary CourtsClaims CourtsThe graph below describes appeals filed by type of appeal in the U.S. Courts of Appeals, 1990-2010.21. Based on the graph, what conclusion can be drawn about court cases in the U.S.?More civil cases are being filed without legal representation.More criminal cases are being filed without legal representation.More criminal actions are being dropped before trial.More civil actions are being dropped before trial.Application ActivitySS.7.C.3.13 - Compare the constitutions of the United States and Florida.Vocabularyamendmenta change to a constitution (e.g., U.S. Constitution, Florida Constitution)articlea numbered chapter or section of a contract, treaty, or constitutionauthoritythe power to direct the actions of people or to make decisionsconstitutionthe basic principles and laws of a nation or state that determine the powers and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it; usually a written documentFlorida Declaration of Rightsthe part of the Florida Constitution that lists the basic rights guaranteed to all citizens who live in the state22. Which part of the Florida Constitution protects individual rights?Declaration of RightsBill of RightsAmendmentsPreamble23. Which statement describes a similarity between the Florida Constitution and the U.S. Constitution?Neither protects individual rightsBoth include an amendment processNeither provides for a chief executiveBoth include a nine member Supreme CourtThe headline below describes an action by citizens. 24. What conclusion can be drawn from the headline?Citizens can be directly involved in policy making. Citizens can be involved in policy making through their representatives.Only elected officials may change constitutions.Only elected officials make policy.Application ActivitySS.7.C.3.14 - Differentiate between local, state, and federal governments' obligations and services.Vocabularyconcurrent powers powers shared by the national, state, and/or local governmentexpressed or enumerated powersthe powers specifically given to the federal government, also known as delegated powers; they may not be used by state governmentfederal governmentthe national level of government; the government of the United Statesfederalisma system of government in which power is divided and shared between national, state, and local governmentimplied powerspowers not written in the U.S. Constitution but are necessary and proper in order for the federal government to carry out the expressed powersinherent powerspowers not listed in the U.S. Constitution but are necessary for the federal government to functionlocal governmentthe governing body of a municipality or countyreserved powerspowers that are not granted to the federal government that belong to (are reserved for) the states and the peoplestate governmentthe government of an individual stateTenth Amendmentthe final amendment in the Bill of Rights, it states: ”The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”A Florida homeowner received the notice below in the mail: Trash collection will change from Wednesdays to Thursdays beginning January 1, 201625. The homeowner was upset by the notice and decided to write a letter to a public official responsible for providing the service. To which public official would the homeowner write the letter? U.S. PresidentU.S. SenatorState RepresentativeCounty CommissionerThe statement below was made during a speech by President Barack Obama on September 9, 2009.26. According to the statements, which power did President Obama ask Congress to exercise? Confirm Supreme Court appointmentsConfirm Cabinet appointmentsLay and collect taxesDeclare warThe statement below is from a document. 27. What conclusion can be drawn from the statement?It is illegal to suspend trash collection.It is illegal to suspend police services.It is illegal to suspend mail delivery.It is illegal to suspend fire services.Application Activity ................
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