Objective: To examine the impact of the Crusades on Europe
The 13 English Colonies (1630 - 1750) – Lesson 5
Objective: To examine the similarities and differences between the three colonial regions.
New England Middle Colonies Southern Colonies
New England Colonies
Farming was difficult in New England because of:
• long winters
• thick forests
• rocky soil
* Fishing and trade became major industries in New England.
• In order to learn these skills, people became apprentices.
Apprentice - a person who learns a trade or craft from a master craftsworker.
|Colony |Founder |Reason Founded |
|Massachusetts: |1) William Bradford |1) Religious freedom for the Pilgrims |
|1) Plymouth |2) John Winthrop |2) Religious freedom for the Puritans |
|2) Massachusetts Bay | | |
|Connecticut |Thomas Hooker |Religious and political freedom |
|New Hampshire |Settlers of Massachusetts |Economic opportunities |
|Rhode Island |Roger Williams |Religious and political freedom |
Middle Colonies
• New York was first settled by the Dutch, then the English.
• Pennsylvania was originally a Quaker settlement.
• In time, Pennsylvania was settled by German-speaking Protestants
known as the Pennsylvania Dutch.
• Farmers exported grain such as wheat, barley, and rye.
• Therefore, the Middle Colonies became known as the Breadbasket Colonies.
|Colony |Founder |Reason Founded |
|New York |Dutch settlers |Religious freedom & economic opportunity |
|New Jersey |John Berkeley & |Religious freedom* & economic opportunity |
| |George Carteret* | |
|Pennsylvania |William Penn |Religious and political freedom |
|Delaware |Swedish settlers |Economic opportunity |
Southern Colonies
• The South has rich soil and a warm climate.
• Tobacco, rice, and indigo were grown on plantations.
• Planters, or plantation owners, relied on slave labor to accumulate massive wealth.
Plantation - large estate farmed by many workers
Commercial Farming vs. Subsistence Farming
commercial farming - farming for a profit, where food is produced by advanced technological means for sale in the market.
• Plantations in the Southern Colonies used slave labor before the Civil War, and sharecroppers after the war, to produce large quantities of crops for commercial distribution.
subsistence farming - farming where output is produced for consumption of the farmer and its family members and not for cash sale
• Most farmers in the South were subsistence farmers and did not own slaves.
|Colony |Founder |Reason Founded |
|Virginia |John Smith |Economic opportunities |
|Maryland |Lord Baltimore |Religious and political freedom for Catholics |
|The Carolinas |A group of 8 nobles |Economic opportunities |
|Georgia |James Oglethorpe |Economic opportunities for debtors & a defense buffer between the |
| | |British colonies and Spanish Colonies |
-----------------------
Name __________________________ Class __________________________
Date __________________________ Teacher ________________________
…barrel
making.
…shipbuilding.
…lumbering.
…metal
working.
(blacksmith)
Maryland
…sailmaking.
New Hampshire
New Jersey
Delaware
Georgia
South Carolina
A growing
fishing industry
in New England
caused an
increase in…
North Carolina
Virginia
Pennsylvania
Maryland
Delaware
New Jersey
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New York
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
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