End of WW1.docx - Reis's History 20



THE END OF WARAt the beginning of 1918 the German’s moved there armies from the _____________________Front to the _________________________Front.With __________ divisions freed from the Eastern front they launched the ________________ Offensive in March 1918.The objective was to attack before the support (troops and supplies) from the_______ arrived.The Germans were very _______________________ and pushed the Allied Forces back almost to ____________.However:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AND THENThe Allies began a large counter offensive - _____________________________in August 1918The 100 Days Offensive was the __________________________that started in August and ended in November 1918 with the ArmisticeWith large amounts of American troops arriving, it ______________________the Allied Armies.The Allied Forces unleashed large amount of _________________ pushing the Germans back past the __________________________ Line.Hindenburg Line - ___________________________________________________________During all this fighting, negotiations for a ceasefire were on going. Fighting continued until ________________________am, the Armistice took placeArmistice - ___________________________________________________________- Germany never really surrenderedWoodrow Wilson’s ______________________of Peace guided the Armistice Paris Peace Conference and the Treaty of VersaillesFollowing the Armistice of 1918 the Allied ____________________set peace terms for the _____________ Central Powers. This is the Paris Peace ConferenceThe Big Four were Woodrow Wilson (____________), David LLoyd George (____________), Georges Clemenceau (______________) and Vittorio Orlando (_____________)The main results were the creation of the League of Nations and the Treaty of Versailles___________________________________Created after _________________Its main goal was ________________________To use collective security, ______________ , ______________ and _______________42 Member countries originally joined (not __________________ or ______________)________________________________The main peace _________________ to end WW1 (5 in total)___________________, ____________________ and ________________ were left out of the negotiationsThe main provision required “Germany to _________________________of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage during the war.” (Article 231 The war guilt clause)Germany had to ______________ - could not militarize the ________________ - Army could only be ________________ troopsGive up Territory - Most notably _____________________ and ____________________ to FranceAnd pay _______________________to the Entente Powers - ______________ Billion German Marks (______________ Billion in 1920 - ________________ billion 2014The Allied forces gave Germany an ____________________to either sign the treaty or go to War againEnd of WarAt the beginning of 1918 the German’s moved there armies from the Eastern Front to the Western Front.With 50 divisions freed from the Eastern front they launched the Ludendorff Offensive in March 1918.The objective was to attack before the support (troops and supplies) from the US arrived.The Germans were very successful and pushed the Allied Forces back almost to Paris.However:1) The Germans moved to fast and their supply lines couldn’t keep up with the speed they advancedThe Germans suffered heavy casualties - Especially to their Stormtroopers who were their best troops but led the offensives.The Germans couldn’t maintain their position because they were so depleted AND THEN The Allies began a large counter offensive - 100 Days Offensive in August 1918The 100 Days Offensive was the counter attack that started in August and ended in November 1918 with the ArmisticeWith large amounts of American troops arriving, it rejuvenated the Allied ArmiesThe Allied Forces unleashed large amount of tanks pushing the Germans back past the Hindenburg Line.Hindenburg Line - The German defensive position for most of WW1 on the Western FrontDuring all this fighting, negotiations for a ceasefire were on going. Fighting continued until Nov. 11 at 11:00 am, the Armistice took placeArmistice - The agreement that ended the fighting on the Western Front - Germany never really surrenderedWoodrow Wilson’s 14 Points of Peace guided the Armistice Paris Peace Conference and the Treaty of VersaillesFollowing the Armistice of 1918 the Allied victors set peace terms for the defeated Central Powers.The Big Four were Woodrow Wilson (USA), David LLoyd George (GB), Georges Clemenceau (France) and Vittorio Orlando (Italy)The main results were the creation of the League of Nations and the Treaty of VersaillesLeague of NationsCreated after WW1Its main goal was World PeaceTo use collective security, disarmament, negotiation and arbitration42 Member countries originally joined (not Germany or USSR)Treaty of VersaillesThe main peace treaty to end WW1Germany, Austria Hungary and Russia were left out of the negotiationsThe main provision required “Germany to accept the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage during the war.” (Article 231 The war guilt clause)Germany had to disarm - could not militarize the Rhineland - Army could only be 100 000 troopsGive up Territory - Most notably Alsace and Lorraine to FranceAnd pay reparations to the Entente Powers - 132 Billion Marks (31.4 Billion in 1920 - 442 billion 2014The Allied forces gave Germany an Ultimatum to either sign the treaty or go to War again ................
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