2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————



——————————2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————

Round 4. Related Tossup/Bonus

01 Recently, ambassador James Lilley alleged that the United States was “cozying up” to those responsible for this incident in the days leading up to it. The 27th Army began an assault against protesters commemorating the seventieth anniversary of the May Fourth Movement, the death of popular leader Hu Yaobang, and a three-day visit by Mikhail Gorbachev. For ten points, name this 1989 event in Beijing.

Answer: Tiananmen Square demonstrations and massacre or equivalents

01 BONUS. Answer the following about various massacres known as Bloody Sunday, for ten points each.

The Irish Bloody Sunday involved British paratroopers shooting unarmed protesters in this city of Northern Ireland.

Answer: Londonderry

The Russian Bloody Sunday, in which the Russian Imperial guard massacred peaceful protesters in St. Petersburg, resulted in the Revolution of 1905, causing this czar to promise a constitution and to create the Duma.

Answer: Nicholas II

02 Marlene Dietrich was in such awe of his talent that she claimed “people should cross themselves when they say his name.” At age 22, he formed the Mercury Theater with John Houseman. By 25, he had already secured unprecedented “final cut” rights for his films with RKO studios. For 10 points—name this director of The Magnificent Ambersons and Citizen Kane.

Answer: (George) Orson Welles

02 BONUS. Answer these questions about the career of Orson Welles, 10 points each.

The Mercury Theater’s most famous production was what radio show based on an H. G. Wells work, which led a national episode of mass hysteria?

Answer: The War of the Worlds

Among Welles’s later directorial efforts, provisionally entitled Sinners Go to Hell, was an adaptation of what 20th century play?

Answer: No Exit or Huis-clos [or Behind Closed Doors or Doors Closed or In Camera]

03 It describes a topology where disjoints open sets can be drawn around any two closed sets or a fault in which the upper mass has risen relative to the lower. In chemistry, it describes a solution that contains one mole of hydronium ions per liter. For ten points, name this adjective which, in physics, refers to a force in the direction perpendicular to a surface.

Answer: Normal

03 BONUS. Answer the following about the normal curve, for ten points each.

Within 2 percentage points, what percent of the normal curve falls within one standard deviation of the mean?

Answer: 68.26% (accept 66 to 70.26%)

Standardizing a value in order to use the normal curve in conjunction with it involves converting it to this value, which is the difference between the original value and the population mean, divided by the population standard deviation.

Answer: z-score

04 The master of this title character went on to invest in a one-eyed yellow cow. According to that owner, “all this character wants is an education, so we was trained to perform certain tasks on command.” In one contest he is slipped quail shot to prevent performance, causing the loss of a forty-dollar bet by Jim Smiley. For 10 points, identify this character or the Mark Twain short story in which he appears, Twain’s only titular amphibian.

Answer: “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” [or Daniel Webster]

04 BONUS. Answer the following concerning amphibians, for ten points each.

Some amphibians can procreate by this process, in which the young develops from an unfertilized gamete.

Answer: Parthenogenesis

This Italian scientist filtered amphibian semen in order to determine what was necessary for generation, but he is best known for experiments with meat broth that refuted spontaneous generation.

Answer: Lazzaro Spallanzani

05 Among their members were Langdon Cheves, Felix Grundy, and Peter B. Porter. They mostly came from agrarian regions of the South and West, and they favored expansion into Canada and Florida. Named by John Randolph, they were able to get one of their own named Speaker of the House. For ten points, name this group of Republicans, whose members included Henry Clay.

Answer: War Hawks

05 BONUS. War. What’s it good for? Absolutely nothing except for bonuses on wars. Identify these wars, for ten points each.

This war’s turning point was the Battle of Poltava. Although the Danes and Poles were defeated relatively quickly, the Russians were able to come back after early losses, and defeat King Charles XII and Sweden.

Answer: Great Northern War

Also called the Austro-Prussian War, it ended with Prussia acquiring Hessen-Kassel, Hannover, and Holstein, paving the way for the North German Confederation which excluded Austria.

Answer: Seven Weeks’ War

06 Its name was suggested by Frank M. Robinson, the bookkeeper of its originator, John Pemberton. In the 1930s, it set up a German division which, as an independent entity during World War II, came up with Fanta orange soda. For ten points, name this company, which made a huge mistake in 1984 when it tried to come up with a new recipe for its flagship beverage.

Answer: The Coca-Cola Company.

06 BONUS. He was an executive in the Mexican branch of Coca-Cola. For ten points each:

Name this new President of Mexico

Answer: Vicente Fox

In December 2000, Fox announced a unilateral withdrawal of military forces from what province where separatist Zapatista guerrillas have been operating since the mid-1990's?

Answer: Chiapas

07 Al Gore and George W. Bush weren't the only people involved in succession dramas in November 2000. When he flew to Florida to celebrate his victory he adopted the pseudonym Mr. Cathcart. His boss diverted his jet in mid-air while he informed the runners-up that they had failed. For ten points, name this former Dartmouth mathematician and football player, a Harvard Business School alumnus and successor to "Neutron" Jack Welch as CEO of General Electric.

Answer: Jeffrey Immelt

07 BONUS. Since Immelt succeed “Neutron” Jack Welch, answer the following about neutrons, for ten points each.

Neutrons are part of this class of heavy elementary particles that are always composed of three neutrons, and which is divided into nucleons and hyperons.

Answer: baryons (Do not accept hadrons)

Neutrons are also classified as this type of fundamental particles, which follow the Pauli exclusion principle, unlike bosons. Rules governing their behavior was independently described by Paul Dirac and their namesake physicist.

Answer: fermions

08 The highest point of this range is Spruce Knob at 4861 feet. Its entire crest is protected as the Monongahela National Forest, and it serves as the divide for rivers draining into Gulf of Mexico and rivers draining into the Atlantic. For 10 points—name this arm of the Appalachians which runs through Maryland, Virginia, W. Virginia, and Pennsylvania.

Answer: Allegheny Mountains or the Alleghenies

08 BONUS. Pittsburgh isn’t the only city at the confluence of three rivers. The Saint Marys and Saint Joseph Rivers form the Maumee at Fort Wayne, Indiana, so answer these questions about its namesake, Mad Anthony Wayne, 10 points each.

Wayne negotiated this treaty, signed in an Ohio city, in which nine Native America tribes ceded land in the Northwest Territory.

Answer: Treaty of Greenville

Among the tribes signing the Treaty of Greenville was this Algonquian one, led by Little Turtle. They share their name with a tributary of the Ohio River.

Answer: Miami

09 This nation awards political office to those who are able to jump up and down, without falling, on a rope suspended above the ground. At the capital, Midendo, the Emperor reveals the feud between the wearers of low heels and those who wear high heels; the Emperor’s son, torn between sides, wears one of each heel and limps. This country is also engaged in a cold war over the subject of the proper side on which to break eggs with its neighbor, Blefescu. For 10 points, identify this nation visited by Lemuel Gulliver, which is populated by six-inch-high humanoids.

Answer: Lilliput

09 BONUS. Identify these fictional locations, for ten points each.

Like France, this land had its king executed and a republic established. Located on the island of Alca, it is the title location of a satirical, avian novel by Anatole France.

Answer: Penguin Island or Penguinia

All who live here have the secret of long life, according to the High Lama. This utopic lamasery can be found in James Hilton’s Lost Horizon.

Answer: Shangri-La

10 It includes the contralto aria with violin obbligato, “Erbame dich, mein Gott,” and the soprano aria “Aus Liebe will mein Heiland sterben.” Christian Freidrich Hinrici prepared the text for this work, whose March 11, 1829, performance under the hand of Felix Mendelssohn lifted its composer out of obscurity. For ten points, name this setting of Christ’s suffering and death by Johann Sebastian Bach.

Answer: The Passion According to St. Matthew or St. Matthew’s Passion or Matthäuspassion

10 BONUS. St. Matthew is the patron saint of tax collectors. Answer to following concerning taxes, for ten points each.

In this type of tax, each individual is required to pay a specific amount of money, regardless of income.

Answer: poll tax or head tax

This selective sales tax is a tax on a specific item. Examples include the one on alcohol that inspired the Whiskey Rebellion.

Answer: excise tax

Allow substitutions if any. THEN distribute handout with Category Quiz topics, as you read the categories:

American Literature: Crying Wolf (II)

Entertainment & Sports: Who Are You?

Foreign Languages & Word Origins: Study

General Knowledge & Trivia: The Harvest Moon

Geography: Brackish Waters

Mathematics: What’s Your Angle?

Physical Sciences: Give Me Some TLC!

Religion, Mythology, & Philosophy: Father in Heaven

Social Sciences: Psychobiography

World Literature: Famous Beginnings

——————————2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————

Round 4. Category Quiz Tossups

11 The subject of John O. Killens's A Man Ain't Nothing' but a Man, according to scholars Guy Johnson and Louis Chappel, he was probably based on a real person who was involved in an incident between 1870 and 1872 in southeastern West Virginia, at the Big Bend Tunnel on the Chesapeake and Ohio railroad. For ten points, name this hero of an African American blues-ballad, who died in a duel with a steam drill while building a tunnel.

Answer: John Henry

12 Admitted to the bar without formal legal education in 1754, he was also an amateur astronomer and published an almanac. As a member of the Continental Congress, he helped draft both the Articles of Confederation and Declaration of Independence, but was more important in helping create the New Jersey plan and Connecticut Compromise. For ten points, name this cobbler, who represented Connecticut at the Constitutional Convention.

Answer: Roger Sherman

13 At this year’s Australian Open, he was upset in the second round by unseeded Greg Rusedski of Great Britain in five sets. His first Grand Slam victory over Sergei Brugera in 1997 boosted his ranking from 66 to 15. For ten points, name this tennis player who enters the 2001 French Open as the number one seed and defending men’s singles champion and who hails from Brazil.

Answer: Gustavo Kuerten

14 In its simplest form, it consists of a float chamber, a jet nozzle, and an air chamber narrowed at one end. A vacuum is created in the air chamber, and the jet nozzle sprays a certain fluid into the air, which has been drawn in to fill the vacuum. For ten points, name this device which vaporizes gasoline and mixes it with air in an automotive fuel system.

Answer: Carburetor

15 In the 1994 novel The Beekeeper’s Apprentice by Laurie King, precocious 15-year-old Mary Russell meets this 50-year-old Sussex beekeeper and brings him out of retirement during the World War I years. For ten points, name this fictional lead character, introduced in a short story in Beeton Christmas Annual which would later be organized into A Study in Scarlet, the best-known creation of Arthur Conan Doyle.

Answer: Sherlock Holmes

16 Symptoms, or characteristics of this phenomenon, depending on how you look at it, include: efficiency, calculability, uniformity and predictability, and control through automation. For ten points, the propagation of these traits in to society is known as what process, named after the world's leading fast food provider?

Answer: McDonaldization

17 Clause VIII left the question of a voting franchise for nonwhites to be settled after one group of participants in the war it ended had been granted self-government. Thus, black Africans were left without the vote, except in the Cape Colony, when South Africa was unified in 1910. For ten points, name this treaty signed in Pretoria in 1902, ending the independence of the Transvaal, and ending the Boer War.

Answer: Peace or Treaty of Vereeniging

18 Recently, UCLA researchers suggested they may be obtained from adipose tissue. The most common adult variety used in research are the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal type and recent attempts have been made to harvest them from umbilical cord blood. For ten points, name these cells which have the ability to differentiate, a controversial topic in medical research.

Answer: stem cells

——————————2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————

Round 4. The Category Quiz

American Literature: Crying Wolf (II)

For 15 points—in Jack London’s The Sea Wolf, what is the last name of the Captain who is known only as “Wolf”?

Answer: Captain “Wolf” Larsen

Entertainment & Sports: Who Are You?

Townsfolk question the identity of a man returning home from war—even though he seems to know far too much about his family to be an impostor. So goes the plot of a 1982 French film, and a 1993 US adaptation. For 15 points—name either film.

Answer: The Return of Martin Guerre or Le retour de Martin Guerre or Sommersby

[HN: Jodie Foster’s quote from Sommersby—“Because I never loved him the way I love you!”]

Foreign Languages & Word Origins: Study

Pedology [puh-DAH-luh-zhee] is not the study of feet. For 15 points—what does a pedologist study?

Answer: soil [accept dirt and equivalents]

General Knowledge & Trivia: The Harvest Moon

About the only good they contributed to the world was their daughter Eponine. For 15 points—name this treacherous couple from Les Misérables who perform a “Waltz of Treachery.”

Answer: Monsieur and Madame Thénardier [tay-NAHR-dee-ay]

Geography: Brackish Waters

Formed just 10,000 years ago, when sea levels rose and water flooded coastal plains around the namesake river, it receives fresh water from over 150 tributaries. With a total drainage area of 64,000 square miles, it currently faces the disappearance of large beds of aquatic vegetation. For 15 points—name this body of water, home to the American shad and the Canvasback duck.

Answer: Chesapeake Bay

Mathematics: What’s Your Angle?

Pencil and paper ready. In trapezoid ABCD, AB and CD are parallel sides with lengths 7 and 12, respectively. Given that the height is 6, the sine of angle C is 0.6 and the sine of angle D is 0.75—for 15 points—what is the perimeter of the trapezoid? You have 45 seconds.

Answer: 37 [7 + 12 + 6/(3/5) + 6/(3/4) = 7 + 12 + 10 + 8]

Physical Sciences: Give Me Some TLC!

TLC is a method used by analytic chemists to separate different compounds based on differences in solubility and absorption to the reagents used to separate them. For 15 points—expand the acronym TLC.

Answer: Thin Layer Chromatography

Religion, Mythology, & Philosophy: Father in Heaven

“Father in Heaven! Hold not our sins up against us.” “Father in Heaven! Well we know that it is thou who givest both to will and to do.” For 15 points—which Existential philosopher, who included these lines in the prayers found in his notebooks, is better known for such works as Concluding Unscientific Postscript?

Answer: Soren Aabye Kierkegaard

Social Sciences: Psychobiography

His works include psychological histories of Martin Luther and Mahatma Gandhi. For 15 points—name this psychologist whose other works include The Life Cycle Completed: A Review.

Answer: Erik Homburger Erikson

World Literature: Famous Beginnings

“The Nellie, a cruising yawl, swung to her anchor without a flutter of the sails, and was at rest.” So begins—for 15 points—what 1901 novel?

Answer: Heart of Darkness

——————————2001 National Scholastics Championship——————————

Round 4. Stretch Round

19 He was famous for a ball-juggling act that he performed in the play Nausicaa but his relatively weak voice caused him to leave acting and concentrate on writing. Among his characters are Deianira, the wife of Heracles in The Women of Trachis and the loyal slave Tecmessa in Ajax. FOR 10 POINTS—name this Greek playwright who capped off a trilogy with Antigone.

Answer: Sophocles

19 BONUS. Identify the following occupations in Islam, for ten points each.

This individual leads a congregation in a mosque during a prayer.

Answer: Imam

The schism between the Sunni and Shi’a schools of thought occurred over the accession to this post held by the successors of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

Answer: Khalifah or caliph

This person delivers the Adhan, or call to prayer, from a minaret, and sometimes acts as a responsory to the imam during the prayer.

Answer: Muezzin

20 According to one story, in a failed attempt to conquer the underworld, she was killed and turned into a slice of spoiled meat. When the meat was sprinkled with grass and water, she was restored in accord with the plans of Enki. FOR 10 POINTS--name this goddess of war and fertility of the Near East.

Answer: Ishtar or Astarte or Inanna

20 BONUS. Identify the following final stages from descriptions of development by famous psychologists, for ten points each.

This was the name Freud gave to the final phase of the development of normal human sexuality.

Answer: Genital phase

This was the name of the final stage of intellectual development according to Jean Piaget.

Answer: Formal operational stage

The pinnacle of Abraham Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs,” this ideal stated is achieved when public and private selves are identical

Answer: Self-actualization

21 His economic interests led to the invasions of the lands of the Ndebele [en duh BELL ay] and Shona people, who live in what is now Zambia and Zimbabwe. FOR 10 POINTS--name this leader of the British South Africa Company and founder of De Beers Consolidated, who made a fortune in diamonds.

Answer: Cecil Rhodes

21 BONUS. Answer the following about the capture of a criminal for 10 points each.

In December 1875, this man escaped from a day trip out of debtor’s prison. He eventually made his way to Spain, working on a ship there for a year until Spanish officials saw his resemblance to a series of newspaper illustrations and arrested him.

Answer: William Marcy “Boss” Tweed

The illustrations of Tweed were drawn by this cartoonist, also responsible for the creation of the Democratic donkey and Republican elephant.

Answer: Thomas Nast

Nast’s illustrations appeared in this publication, which premiered in 1856 and quickly became the leading illustrated periodical in the world.

Answer: Harper’s Weekly

22 Dedicated to the friends of the composer “pictured therein”, it is divided into fourteen sections, bearing names or initials—the most famous being “Nimrod”—each representing a specific person, the last being the composer himself. FOR 10 POINTS—name this orchestral work by Edward Elgar based on a supposedly well-known theme he refused to identify.

Answer: Enigma Variations or Variations on an Original Theme, Op. 36.

22 BONUS. Name these polyatomic ions, given a formula, for 10 points each.

ClO3-1 [C L O 3 minus 1]

Answer: Chlorate

MnO4-1 [M N O 4 minus 1]

Answer: Permanganate

PO3-3 [P O 3 minus 3]

Answer: Phosphite

23 The rotational variety is equal to the change in angular velocities times the rotational inertia. In a collision, it is defined as the integral over time of the collision force, and its magnitude is given as the average force times the effective duration of the collision. FOR 10 POINTS--name this quantity, the change of momentum of a body in motion.

Answer: impulse

23 BONUS. For fifteen points each, answer these questions regarding Kurt Vonnegut’s novel Slaughterhouse Five.

These are the aliens who kidnap Billy.

Answer: Tralfamador(ians)

In the Tralfamadorian zoo, Billy mates with this American movie queen.

Answer: Montana Wildhack (either name acceptable)

24 Guaranteed in the Northwest Territories by the Ordinance of 1787, Quebec is unique among Canadian provinces in not having a system based upon it. Henry II began to establish a system of it in England, and it is sometimes called "unwritten" because it is not collected in a single source. FOR 10 POINTS--name this legal system, which is in contrast to the Roman tradition of civil law.

Answer: Common law

24 BONUS. Identify the detective making his or her first appearance in the following books.

Whose Body? by Dorothy Sayers

Answer: Lord Peter Wimsey

The House without a Key by Earl Derr Biggers

Answer: Charlie Chan

The Roman Hat Mystery by Frederic Dannay and Manfred B. Lee

Answer: Ellery Queen

25 It begins, “To him who in the love of Nature holds/ Communion with her visible forms, she speaks/ A various language.” It ends with an admonishment to act not as a “quarry-slave at night,” but as one who “lies down to pleasant dreams” when approaching the grave. FOR 10 POINTS--ten points, name this poem, whose name is Greek for “meditation on death,” by William Cullen Bryant.

Answer: “Thanatopsis”

25 BONUS. Answer the following about the Peloponnesian Wars, for fifteen points each.

This six-year peace began in 421 BC. It is named for a rival of Cleon who persuaded Athens to accept a Spartan peace offering.

Answer: Nicias

The Athenian navy was defeated at Aegospotami by this Spartan admiral, who was technically second-in-command during the battle because Spartan law forbade him to have a second term as admiral.

Answer: Lysander

26 It begins with a visit to Bosham and ends with the fleeing of the English. It also includes animals and depictions from fables in the borders. It is housed in the Museum of Queen Matilda and was once attributed to Matilda, the wife of William the Conqueror. FOR 10 POINTS--name this embroidery depicting the Norman conquest of England.

Answer: Bayeux tapestry [bah YU]

26 BONUS. There are several ways to divide bacteria into groups. 10 points each.

This term describes any bacterial cell that has a nucleus.

Answer: Eukaryotic or eukaryote or eucaryotic or eucaryote

The prokaryotes are divided into two divergent groups, the eubacteria, and this other group.

Answer: Archaeobacteria

One difference between eubacteria and archaeobacteria is that the latter has ether lipids rather than ester lipids in this organelle, which determines the shape of the bacterial cell.

Answer: Cell walls

27 He originally studied for the priesthood, and later studied phenomenology under Husserl. Humans, he said, are born into a world that they have not made but that consists of potentially useful things, including cultural as well as natural objects. FOR 10 POINTS--name this 20th-century German philosopher, the author of Being and Time.

Answer: Martin Heidegger

27 BONUS. Answer the following questions about the cartoon classic Scooby-Doo and its upcoming film adaptation, ten points each.

In the TV series, this radio personality voiced Shaggy.

Answer: Casey Kasem

Set to play Shaggy in the live-action version is this actor of such duds as Wing Commander and The Curve.

Answer: Matthew Lillard

Some viewers who saw Saturday Night Live this year might have thought that this star of The West Wing somehow channeled Casey Kasem in his portrayal of Shaggy.

Answer: Rob Lowe

28 This event followed the assassination of Prime Minister Maurice Bishop. Although caused by Bishop’s acceptance of aid from the USSR and Cuba, as well as concern over a new airport, it was given the pretext of an invitation by the OAS and the lives of American medical students. FOR 10 POINTS--name this 1983 “policing” action on a Caribbean island.

Answer: Grenada invasion (accept equivalents)

28 BONUS. Name these works by Czech authors for 10 points each.

“She held out her trembling hand to K. and had him sit down beside her, she spoke with great difficulty, it was difficult to understand her, but what she said—“ So ends this work about a man seeking recognition by the village authorities in the title structure, left uncompleted in mid-sentence by Franz Kafka.

Answer: The Castle

Tomas is a philanderer, but Tereza’s neuroses make her stay with Tomas, in this novel by Milan Kundera.

Answer: The Unbearable Lightness of Being

Later made into an opera by Leos Jancek, this polay concerns a Greek woman who has survived over three hundred years due to an elixir created by her father.

Answer: The Makropoulos Case (or Affair) or Vec Makropulos

Opening Round: Related Tossup-Bonus Section

In this round, each tossup question is worth 10 points. Upon getting the tossup question correct, a team question worth a maximum of 20 points will be read. The topic for the bonus question will somehow be related to the tossup question. Both teams get an opportunity to answer after each prompted section of a bonus question, with the team getting the preceding tossup getting the first opportunity.

Category Quiz

In this round, each tossup question is worth 10 points. Upon getting the tossup question correct, the team gets the opportunity to choose a 15-point team question based on the list of topics handed out before the round. If the bonus question is missed, the opposing team gets the opportunity to answer.

Stretch Round: Unrelated Tossups and Bonuses

In this round, each tossup question is worth 20 points until the reader completes the phrase “for ten points,” after which the tossup is worth 10. Upon getting the tossup question correct, the team gets the opportunity to choose answer the associated bonus question for a maximum value of 30 points. Both teams get an opportunity to answer after each prompted section of a bonus question, with the team getting the preceding tossup getting the first opportunity.

Category Quiz Bonus Topics: Round 4

American Literature: Crying Wolf (II)

Entertainment & Sports: Who Are You?

Foreign Languages & Word Origins: Study

General Knowledge & Trivia: The Harvest Moon

Geography: Brackish Waters

Mathematics: What’s Your Angle?

Physical Sciences: Give Me Some TLC!

Religion, Mythology, & Philosophy: Father in Heaven

Social Sciences: Psychobiography

World Literature: Famous Beginnings

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