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Chapter 2, Section 4: “Beginnings of Slavery in the Americas”

Pages 76-79

Questions/Main Ideas: Notes: | |

|Main Idea |Slavery began in order to have cheap labor in the colonies |

|Why it Matters |Slavery & racism shaped attitudes & social conditions in the U.S. |

|The Origins of American Slavery |One American’s Story |

|Diego de Campo |1546 – De Campo led 7,000 maroons (runaway slaves) against Spanish. When captured, he changed sides & maroons |

| |lost. |

| | |

|Slavery |the practice of holding a person in bondage for labor |

| | |

|Slavery’s Origins |Ancient times: People were enslaved after battle or to pay off $, but were sometimes able to marry, own property, |

| |& their children might be set free. |

| | |

| |Spanish & Portuguese 1st enslaved Native Americans, but many died from disease or rebelled with local allies. |

|Why did colonists start to use African slaves | |

|instead of Native Americans? |Started using African slaves b/c: |

| |they were immune to many European diseases |

| |they had no allies in the Americas |

| |permanent source of cheap labor (for generations) |

| |they had farming experience |

|The Slave Trade |(Chart page 77: 1.3 million slaves imported in 17th century to 6 million in 18th century) |

| | |

| |Spanish Gov. of Hispaniola asks King Ferdinand for labor. King sends African slaves. Soon, dependence on African |

|1509 Diego Colon |slaves made slave trade skyrocket. |

| | |

| |African kings traded slaves to European traders for textiles, ironware, wine, and guns. Coastal African kingdoms |

| |grew rich while inland societies were weakened. |

|Shipment of Africans to the Americas | |

|The Middle Passage | |

|African Diaspora |By the end of the slave trade in 1800s, 12 million Africans had been sold and shipped to the west. |

| | |

| |The trip from Africa to Americas – 2 million died on way |

|Middle Passage | |

| |The trade b/w Europe, Africa, and the Americas |

|Triangular Trade | |

| |Sold into slavery from Africa when 11 yrs old. Bought his freedom and wrote about Middle Passage: men shackled; |

|Olaudah Equiano’s point of view |below deck too crowded to stand; disease & dying |

|Slavery in Americas | |

|Haciendas and mines |Hard labor; poorly fed & housed; many resisted by running away or rebelling |

| | |

| |Laws on the treatment of slaves, mostly to punish them and prevent escape |

|Slave Codes | |

| |The belief that some people are inferior because of their race (reinforced by centuries of slavery) |

| | |

|Racism |Columbian Exchange led to Slavery |

| |Africans brought knowledge of farming and animals |

| |American crops to Africa: chilies, peanuts, sweet potatoes |

|What were the long-term Effects of almost 400 |African arts to America: dance, music, storytelling |

|years of Slavery? |Created a common African-American culture, which shaped life in America |

| |By 1700s, all the colonies had African slaves |

|Summary of Reading or Class Notes |Europeans began using African slaves instead of ____________ slaves, because they survived and had fewer allies in |

| |the Americas. Slavery left long-term effects on racism and American culture. |

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