Claim No: CO1CF281



|ANNEX 1 |

| |

|SIMILARITIES - “SADE” AND “HALF OF A YELLOW SUN” (HAYS) |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES ON THE COVER ART | | |

|The cover artwork uses colours reminiscent of the Biafra flag. |Profile image of a young black girl with background colours of black,|Profile image of a young black girl with background colours of black, |

|The Biafran flag was a horizontal tricolour of red, black and green |red, yellow and orange. The cover art excludes green from the flag. |red, yellow and orange. The cover art excludes green from the flag. |

|with the image of half a yellow sun within the black stripe. | |HAYS mentions the colours in the flag (page 163) |

|The covers used the colours yellow, red, black and include orange but| | |

|excluded green. | | |

| | | |

|This cover was changed following the Claimant’s complaint to the | | |

|publisher. | | |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 1 | | |

|The story begins in post- independent Nigeria. |The twins have recently returned from England and know that Nigeria |Richard agrees that Nigeria needs to ‘become a republic and stop |

| |gained its independence from Great Britain in 1960. |claiming Queen Elizabeth as head of state’. |

|Nigeria gained independence on 1st October 1960 and became a republic|Page: 13 |Page: 65 |

|in 1963. | |The film HAYS begins with the twins attending 1960 independence |

| | |celebrations. |

|The stories begin with a description of ‘Masters’ gardens as visitors|Description by Sade as she approaches the front of Justice Uwaifo’s |Description by Ugwu the house boy as he approaches the front of Dr |

|approach his front door. |house. |Odenigbo’s house. |

| | | |

|The description of the hedges, the smell of the flowers in the |Pages: 9 and 18 |Pages: 3, 4, 15, 16, 47, 145 |

|garden, the gravel driveway and cars are very similar. | | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|‘Master’ employs an Ibo/Igbo houseboy. The houseboy approaches the |Innocent approaches to meet the guests and bring them into the house.|Ugwu approaches with his aunty and they enter the house to meet |

|front of a modern house. | |Master. |

| |Pages: 9, 10 |Pages: 3, 4, 5 |

|The houseboy addresses ‘Master’ as ‘Sah!’. |Justice Felix Uwaifo is the ‘master’ and Innocent is the houseboy |Odenigbo is the ‘master’ and Ugwu is the houseboy. |

| |here. |Page: 4, 17, 89 |

| |Pages: 14 | |

|The houseboy is not thanked for serving drinks/food to guests. |Innocent is not thanked. |Ugwu is not thanked. |

| |Page: 10 |Page: 18, 22 |

|Twins appear in both stories. They are similarly described: |Twins – Brothers Taiwo and Kehinde (cousins of Sade and secondary |Twins – Olanna and Kainene (two of the main protagonists in the novel.|

|They have just returned from England. |characters in the novel). |Cousins of Arize a secondary character in the novel) |

|Their parents paid for them to get an English education. | |Olanna and Kainene are just back from London having completed their |

|They are seen as ‘VIP’s’ because they are from affluent families. |Taiwo and Kehinde are just back from London having completed their A |degrees. A member of staff at the airport assumes Olanna is a VIP as |

|They share lovers. |levels. The houseboy assumes that they are VIP’s because they arrive|he recognises her father’s surname. |

|One twin is killed during the unrest. |in their father’s Mercedes. | |

| | |Pages: 22, 24, 27, 30, 31, 57 |

| |Pages 9, 10, 11, 36 | |

|Nigerians returning home from England complain about the cold. |Taiwo and Kehinde complain to Sade |Madu complains to Kainene |

| |Page: 10 |Page: 79 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|‘Master’ places great importance on a British education. |Justice Felix Uwaifo is the ‘master’: |Odenigbo is the ‘master’ : |

| | | |

| |He expresses disappointment that the twins failed to get into British|He tells Ugwu that his father should have borrowed the money for his |

| |universities. |school fees. |

| |He regards the indigenous universities as second best. |He insists that Ugwu must be put back into school at 13 years old. |

| |He insists that Sade must be put back into school after her wedding |He enrols Ugwu in the staff primary school where he is the oldest in |

| |to Emeka. |the class. |

| |Emeka makes arrangements for Sade to start back at school. |He supports the indigenous universities. |

| |Pages: 13, 86, 114 | |

| | |Pages:11, 18, 164 |

|‘Master’ performs African rituals in the presence of guests. |Justice Uwaifo pours libation according to the African custom and |Odenigbo blesses the kola nut and shares it with guests according to |

|African rituals are combined with Christian prayers. |shares the drink with guests. He also says Christian prayers for his|the African custom. |

| |guests. |Nnaemeka’s father blesses the kola nut in Jesus name before breaking |

| | |it to welcome Richard. |

| |Page: 14, 15 | |

| | |Pages: 18, 164 |

|Foreign music is played on Master’s record player/radiogram. |Justice Felix Uwaifo is the ‘master’: |Odenigbo is the ‘master’: |

|Classical music is preferred by ‘Master’ - Beethoven in particular. |He tells Sade to turn off James Brown’s song ‘I’m black and proud’. |He tells Ugwu to be very careful with his radiogram. |

| |Pages: 11, 13 |Page: 7 |

| |Justice Uwaifo listens to Beethoven. |He plays strange flutelike music. |

| |Page: 38 |Page 14 |

| | |He is a classical music person. |

| | |Pages 109 |

| | |He is able to identify Beethoven |

| | |Page: 328 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|There is reference to the black American struggle. |References to James Brown lyrics and generally about black American |References to political milestones in black America and talk of a pan-|

| |soul music expressing political and racial discontent. Reference to |African response to events in the American South. A black American |

| |Martin Luther King. |woman, Edna Whaler plays jazz records, sings to Billie Holiday and |

| |Pages: 11, 39 |tells of her uncle that was lynched in America. |

| | |Pages: 18, 20, 229 |

|The Afro haircuts are described identically as standing up above the |Referring to the twins haircuts: |Referring to Odenigbo’s hair: |

|head like a ‘halo’. |Page: 9 |Page: 29 |

|The heroine is introduced in Chapter one: |Sade is the heroine. |Olanna is the heroine. |

|a) She has a warm relationship with her cousins. |a) Taiwo sweeps Sade off the ground in a big hug. |a) Azirie’s hug almost knocks Olanna down. |

| |(Page 9) |Page: 39 |

|b) She has been brought up to be as English as possible. |b) Sade’s father planned to send her to an English boarding school |b) Olanna was to be sent to an English boarding school but it was |

| |but her mother prevented him. |decided she was too young. |

|c) She is described as beautiful and has long hair. |(Page: 10) |(Page: 61) |

| |c) Sade is told by her cousin that she is a ‘stunner’. |c) Olanna is told by a man that she is beautiful. |

|d) She attends a British style secondary school. |(Page: 9, 16) |(Page: 28) |

| |d) Sade does her O levels in Nigeria. |d) Olanna goes to a British secondary school in Nigeria. (Page 61) |

|e) A man gives her clothing. |(Page: 10) |e) Olanna is given a fashionable lace from Europe. |

| |e) Sade is given a fashionable mini dress from London. (Page: 15) |(Page: 34) |

|f) She has a fat father and her relationship with her father is |f)Justice Uwaifo has a beer belly and he resents Sade. (Page: 12) |f) Olanna’s father is like a fat man she did not know. (Page: 219) |

|strained. |g) Sade imagines her perfect Catholic wedding. |g)Ugwu imagines Olanna’s perfect wedding. Olanna has a Catholic |

|g) She has a white wedding in the Catholic church and a ‘native law |(Page: 16) |wedding |

|and custom’ ceremony. | |Pages: 197, 201 |

| |h) Taiwo tells of a village elder calling Sade a witch. (Page: 16) |h) Olanna is called a witch by Odenigbo’s mother who is from the |

|h)She is accused of being a witch by village elders. |i) Sade is in a relationship with Clive who loves her. (page 16, 47)|village. (Page: 212) |

| | |i) Olanna is in a relationship with Mohammed who loves her. (page: 45)|

|i) She has a boyfriends that loves her but she marries another man. | | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|An English /half English man refers to his Igbo girlfriend as his |Clive who is half English refers to Obi as his wife even though they |Richard who is English, refers to Kainene as his wife even though they|

|wife even though they are not married. |are not married. |are not married. |

| |Page: 12 |Page: 310 |

|The houseboy is criticised for not doing things in the ‘English’ way,|Innocent did not serve the drinks in the correct way. |Ugwu did not cook the rice in the correct way. |

|aka, the ‘proper’ way. |Page: 14 | |

| | |Page: 23 |

|The lack of shadows of the electric light is compared to the shadows |When the electric light fails, Innocent brings in a bush lamp which |Ugwu uses electricity for the first time and compares the lack of |

|created by bush lights. |cast shadows on the walls. |shadows to the shadows created by the bush light in his village. |

| |Page: 15 |Page: 7 |

|The indigenous Nigerian universities are regarded as inferior to the |Taiwo and Kehinde fail to achieve grades to study in Oxford or |Olanna and Kainene complete their education at a London university |

|British universities. |Cambridge university and return to Nigeria to study at the University|before returning to Nigeria. Olanna and Odenigbo work at the |

| |in Ibadan. Justice Uwaifo is condescending. |University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Olanna’s father is condescending |

| |Page: 11,13 |towards Odenigbo. |

| | |Pages: 32 |

|‘Master’ is politically charged and discusses real national and |The master in this context is justice Felix Uwaifo who chairs the |The master in this context is Odenigbo whose house is like a political|

|international events. He attends political meetings. |political party meeting. |club. |

| |Pages: 13, 15 |Pages: 21, 24, 36, 65, 88, 89, 91, 111 |

|Ordinary incidents are viewed as bad omens. |The lights in the house went out when Justice Uwaifo went onto the |The killing and eating of a sick goat was seen as a bad omen. |

| |porch to pour libation. This was interpreted as a bad omen. |Page: 366 |

| |Page: 15 | |

|Daughters are resented for being born instead of sons (male heirs |Justice Uwaifo wanted male children and resented Sade for surviving |Odenigbo’s mother wanted a grandson and rejects his daughter . Olanna|

|being preferred) |whilst her brothers died. |resents Mama for rejecting the girl. |

| |Pages: 15, 16, 30 |Pages: 347, 249, 252 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine is deeply in love and wants to get married and have a |Sade is deeply in love with Clive and wants his child. Page: 16 |Olanna is in love with Odenigbo and wants his child. Page: 104 |

|child. | | |

|There is an interracial – black-white love story. |Felix (black-Nigerian) and Susan (white-English) |Richard (white-English) and Kainene (black-Igbo) |

|There is a half English/English -Igbo love story. | | |

|The Igbo woman is described: |Clive (half English) and Obi (black-Igbo) |Pages: 57, 59, 61, 69 |

|She has protruding front teeth. | | |

|She wear wigs. |Pages: 12, 13, 21, | |

|She is very dark. | | |

|She is thin. | | |

|She is ugly | | |

|She has a rich father who her with a house to attract a suitors. | | |

|She supports her lover/husbands. | | |

|Ibadan University is used in both stories. |The twins go to Ibadan University with Sophia. |Olanna who is a twin, goes to Ibadan University theatre with Mohammed |

| |Page 13 |where she meets Odenigbo. Page: 47 |

|The heroine is deeply in love and preoccupied with holding on to her |Sade is in love with Clive who gets Obi pregnant. Sade still wants |Olanna is in love with Odenigbo who gets Amala pregnant. |

|unfaithful boyfriend even after he gets another girl pregnant. |Clive and his child. |Olanna still wants Odenigbo and his child. |

| |Page 16 |Page 32, 33, 41, 47, 100, 101, 102, |

|Fresh flowers are picked from the garden and brought in to decorate |Vase of hibiscus: |Vase of roses |

|the house. |Pages: 19, 20 |Page: 47 |

|This is not a Nigerian custom. | | |

|The name ‘Susan’ is chosen for the fictional white/English character | ‘Susan’ here is Sade’s racist English mother. Relevant descriptions|The ‘Susan’ here is Richard’s racist first girlfriend. |

|in both stories. In both stories Susan shares the same |are at: |Relevant descriptions are at: |

|characteristics: party loving, racist, flushed. | | |

| | | |

| |Pages: 12, 13, 21, 22, 24 |Page: 53, 55, 59 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Mrs Uwaifo/Odenigbo are so engrossed in reading a book that they fail|Mrs Susan Uwaifo’s is too interested in her book to attend to Sade. |Odenigbo is too interested in his book to attend to Ugwu. |

|to attend to Sade/Ugwu . |Pages: 2, 32 |Page: 5 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 2 | | |

|The narrative is broken with song. |Prisoners sing a song they made up. | Odenigbo sings a song he makes up. |

| |Sade sings to a love song by the Supremes. |Edna sings alone to a love song by Billie Holiday. |

| |One child starts a song and others join in. |Special Julius starts a song and others join in. |

| |Pages: 18, 46, 58 |Pages: 162, 198, 229, 275 |

|The historical chronology is disrupted by to reflect on |Susan is reading. The story goes back to her early years in England.|Richard recalls how his father used to read to him and the story goes |

|Susan/Richard’s previous life in England. The break begins with | |back to his early years in England. |

|Susan/Richard reading or recalling being read to, before depicting | |Richard reads a letter from Martin which again takes him back to his |

|events that took place in England during colonial times, i.e. pre | |early years in England. |

|1960. |Pages: 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 |Pages: 77, 137 |

|Both novels examine the racist attitudes of the English towards |Derogatory British comments about Africans are in both stories. |Derogatory British comments about Africans are in both stories. |

|Africans and how African’s were depicted as monkeys. Both in their | | |

|examination have the English referring to Africans as ‘monkeys’ and |Pages: 21, 22 |Pages: 50, 54, 112, 370 |

|‘niggers’. | | |

|Both refer to signs excluding ‘blacks’. | | |

|‘Master’ adopts everything English/Western and rejects the |Felix Uwaifo accepts white people are superior to Africans and |Odenigbo regards Olanna as ‘special’ because she was educated in |

|‘uncivilised’. |abandons his black wife and children for Susan. |London and speaks perfect English. He abandons the village girl and |

| |Pages: 22, 23 |her child in favour of Olanna. |

| | |Odenigbo has a Western taste but is ‘loath to admit it in public’. |

| | |Examples of this are at pages: 22, 51, 44, 64,109, 110 |

| | | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The Europeans view colonisation as a good thing. They believe that |Susan’s father views slavery and colonisation as a way to civilise |Balewa accepts what he is told by the British - that Africans are not|

|black people are incapable of ruling themselves and are of less |black people. Justice Uwaifo accepts the racist British media’s |ready to rule themselves in Rhodesia. |

|intelligence. This view is accepted by some black characters. |portrayal of black Africans. |Richard is surprised that black people were capable of making bronzes.|

| |Page: 21 |Page 110, 111, 112 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 3 | | |

|‘Master’ abandons the village woman and his children to marry a woman|Justice Uwaifo abandons his village wife and marries the English |Odenigbo abandons the village girl that had his child in favour of |

|he perceives to be more refined. |Susan. |Olanna who was brought up to be as English as possible and studied in |

| | |England. |

| |Page: 23, 26 |Pages: 250, 251 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 4 | | |

|The old colonial club is used by the elite to socialise. |Sade, her family and friends are members of the club and frequently |Olanna, her family and friends socialise at the club. |

| |socialise there, with it being described as being one of the few | |

| |places of civilised entertainment. | |

| |Pages: 33, 34 |Page: 30 |

|White people and the English educated black people are given |Sade is allowed to grow her hair long at school, while the black |Olanna is allowed to jump the hospital queue in Umuahia because she |

|preferential treatment over other black people. The response is |girls are required to cut their hair short. Sade attributes their |speaks like an English person. The other women curse her. |

|resentment and hostility from those discriminated against. |hostility to ‘jealousy’. |A woman whose son is given a scholarship to study in England |

| | |attributes the community’s reaction to ‘jealousy’. |

| |Justice Uwaifo abandons his African wife and children in favour of |A white man is allowed to jump the ticket queue in Ibadan which |

| |Susan who is white. The African wife curses Susan. |results in Odenigbo attacking him. |

| |Page: 34 |Pages: 28, 29 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine’s father has business dealings with Lebanese men. |Sade meets them at the club. |Kainene meets them at a party. |

|There is hostility towards the Lebanese men due to their reputation |One of the Lebanese men is renting Sade’s father’s house and owns a |One of the Lebanbese men wants to buy Olanna’s father’s warehouse. |

|as gamblers/opportunists. |casino. |Madu is hostile towards the Lebanese men as he views them as |

| |Sade is hostile towards the Lebanese men due to their reputation of |opportunists. |

| |being gamblers. |Overpriced Lebanese restaurants are discussed. |

| | | |

| | |Page: 136 |

| |Page: 34 | |

|Westernised black women aspire to have white boyfriends/husbands. |Sophia prefers white men and flirts with Lebanese men. |Kainene prefers white men and enters into a relationship with Richard.|

| |Page: 34, 158 |Page: 80, 81, 429, 430 |

|The term ‘bush’ is used as a derogatory way of describing typical |Sophia uses ‘bush’ to describe Obi because she cooks the chicken’s |Mohammed uses ‘bush’ to describe Olanna’s hair when plaited with |

|Nigerian behaviour that does not fit into the Western mould. |feet. |thread. |

| | | |

| |Sade thinks her uncle’s mistress is ‘bush’ because of her Nigerian |Olanna’s mother tells her that her father’s mistress is ‘bush’. |

| |expression. |Olanna thinks a man has a ‘bush’ accent. |

| | |Pages: 44, 218, 269 |

| |Pages: 37, 49 | |

|The westernised African women cover their natural hair with straight |Obi wears a wig to cover her plaited hair. She removes her wig in |Kainene wears a wig to cover her plaited hair. She removes her wig in|

|hair wigs. |public. |public. Generally wigs are brought up at the following points in the |

| | |novel: |

| |Pages: 36, 41, 115 |Pages: 19, 44, 69 |

|A wealthy Igbo man gives his ugly daughter a house in order to entice|Obi’s father built her a house to compensate for her appearance and |Kainene’s father gives her a house to entice the right man to marry |

|a potential suitor to marry her. |encourage a man to marry her. |his unattractive daughter. |

|This goes against Igbo culture where the man pays the dowry to the |Page: 37 | |

|woman’s father. | |Page: 69 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Both books consider the Nigerian taboo of sexual relationships |The twins return from London to find Sade a grown woman, Taiwo |Ugwu is very attracted to his female relative. He fantasises about |

|between relatives. |describing her as a ‘stunner’. Sade also finds them attractive and |having sex with her but understands that marriage to her would be |

| |they have a flirtatious relationship but understand that marriage |taboo. |

| |would be taboo. | |

| |Pages: 9, 10, 40, 41 | |

| | |Page: 8 |

|A wealthy Igbo girl is in a relationship with an English/half English|Obi is in a relationship with Clive who is half English. Obi is |Kainene is in a relationship with Richard who is English. Kainene is |

|man. In both stories, the Igbo girl is described as thin, ugly, and |thin, ugly, and exceptionally dark, has protruding front teeth, wears|thin, ugly, and exceptionally dark, has protruding front teeth, wears |

|exceptionally dark. They both wear straight haired wigs over their |her natural hair in cornrow covered with a straight haired wig. |her natural hair in cornrow covered with a straight haired wig. |

|cornrows and both remove their wigs in public. |Pages: 36, 37, 41, 115 |Pages: 69, 225, |

|African women wearing wigs suffer from hair loss. |Sophia tells Sade that beneath her wig, Obi has no hair. |Ugwu tells of educated woman arriving at a cocktail party and the wind|

| |Obi takes her wig off to reveal a receding hair line. |blew off her wig to reveal she was bald. |

| |Pages: 36, 115 |Page: 19 |

|The twins are English educated and expected to take over their |Taiwo and kehinde are being trained to take over their fathers’ |Olanna is expected to have sex with a VIP to win a contract and |

|father’s business |hospital. |Kainene takes over her father’s businesses. |

| |Page: 36 |Page: 30, 31 |

|The dual wedding ceremony, the traditional native law and custom |Sade is married under native law and custom and a few days later she |Olanna has a white wedding in the Catholic church and intends to be |

|marriage couples with the Catholic wedding ceremony is a theme in |has a white wedding in the Catholic church. |married under native law and custom at a later date. |

|both books. |Pages: 16, 17, 35, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101 |Pages: 120, 187, 197, 202, 222, |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 5 | | |

|Both stories incorporate European classical music with the focus on |Sade’s parents listen to Beethoven. |Odenigbo listens to classical music and can identify Beethoven. |

|Beethoven in particular |Page: 38 |Alice plays Beethoven. |

| | |Pages: 14, 109 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|In both stories the heroine has a strained relationship with her |Sade was uncomfortable near her father. |Olanna saw her father as a stranger. |

|father. |Page: 38, 39 |Page: 219 |

|The theme of ‘ black power’ is present in both books |Taiwo and Kehinde return with black American music and are racially |Odenigbo is racially aware and challenges racial sterotypes and |

| |aware. |discrimination. |

| |They wear their hair in an Afro. |He wears his hair in an Afro. |

| |Sade pays a record by James Brown – ‘I’m black and proud’. |He says education is the only way to resist exploitation and talks |

| |Page 39 |about a pan-African response to racism in the American South. |

| | |Page 11, 20, |

|When the heroine discovers that her boyfriend is with another woman, |Sade discovers Clive is with Obi. She listens to and sings along to |Olanna discovers Odenigbo is with Amala. She listens to her friend |

|she sings along to an American love songs/listens to someone else |the Supremes- ‘Baby Baby Where did our love go’. |singing along to Billie Holiday - ‘My Man’. |

|singing along to an American love song. |Page 46 |Page 229 |

|The heroine is listens to the political discussions but does not join|Sade’s father is Chairman of a political party and her husband is |Olanna’s husband’s house is like a ‘political club’ but Olanna does |

|in. |politically aware but Sade does not participate in the discussions. |not participate in the discussions as she is ‘unintellectual’. |

| |Pages: 39, 71, 126, 132, 133, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, |Pages: 32, 36,51 |

| |147, | |

|The houseboy listens to the political debate. |Innocent serves drinks whilst Justice Uwaifo discusses events with |Ugwu serves drinks and listens to the conversations but does not |

| |his guests. |understand. |

| |Page: 14, 15 |Page: 17 |

|At the first party in both stories, the heroine wears a short black |Page: 19 |Page: 60 |

|dress. | | |

|Black was an unfashionable colour in 1960s Nigeria due to its | | |

|association with mourning and juju. | | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Couples are split up at the first party. |At the first party, Sade splits up Clive and Obi by enticing Clive |At the first party, Richard and Susan are spit when Richard is |

| |with cigarettes. |attracted to and chats to Kainene. |

| |Page: 42 |Page: 57, 58, 59 |

|A young lady is warned not to marry/enter into a relationship with a |Sophia warns Sade to keep away from Johnny Brown who has a reputation|Nnaemeka tells Richard that his cousin was warned not to marry a man |

|particular man. She disregards the advice and gets married to the |for beating up his girlfriends. Sade has it in mind to warn Idowu. |from Kainene’s village. She married the man and suffered daily |

|man. She suffers regular beatings and is forced to return to her |Idowu who later marries Johnny Brown. |beatings until she returned to her father’s house. |

|parent/s. | | |

| |Sade is advised not to get married to Emeka. She disregards her |Page: 152 |

| |parent’s advice and get married. Emeka beats her up regularly. She | |

| |returns to her mother. | |

| |Page: 44, 45, 153, 190, 202, 209, 247 | |

|The twins father has an affair with a woman described as ‘bush’. |Sade views her uncle’s mistress as ‘bush’. |Olanna’s mother views her husband’s mistress as ‘bush’. |

| |Page: 49 |Pages: 217, 218 |

|An Igbo woman in a relationship with a half English/English man takes|Obi takes her wig off in public. |Kainene takes her wig off in public. |

|her wig off in public. |Page: 115 |Page: 69 |

|The children of the educated elite are supported by their parents. |Sade is provided with the use of her father’s Mercedes, money, a |Olanna is provided with a car, money and a flat by her parents. |

| |driver. | |

| | |Kainene is provided with employment in her father’s business, a house,|

| |Taiwo and Kehinde have a job lined up at their father’s hospital. |jewellery, servants and income. |

| | | |

| |Obi is provided with a house and her husband is employed in her |Pages: 103, 58, 63, 69 |

| |father’s legal practice. | |

| |Pages: 37, 39, 43 | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine wants to continue her relationship with the man she loves|Sade still wants to be in a relationship with Clive despite knowing |Olanna still wants to be in a relationship with Odenigbo despite |

|even though the man has got another woman pregnant. |that Obi is pregnant with Clive’s child. |knowing that Amala is pregnant with Odenigbo’s child. |

| |Pages: 48, 67 |Pages: 104, 249 |

|The half English/English man is portrayed as sexually weak. He |Clive who is half English, allows Sade to seduce him despite his |Richard who is English, allows Olanna to seduce him despite his |

|allows himself to be seduced by the heroine despite his relationship |relationship with Obi. He tells people Obi is his wife even though |relationship with Kainene. He tells people that Kainene is his wife |

|with another woman that he calls his ‘wife’. |they are not married. |even though they are not married. |

| |Page: 12, 48 |Page: 181, 233, 243, 244 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 6 | | |

|The heroine turns to a Christian God when her boyfriend gets another |Sade says the Catholic Hail Mary prayer when Clive is unfaithful. |Olanna goes to the Catholic church to talk to the priest about |

|woman pregnant. |Pages: 55 |Odenigbo being unfaithful. |

| | |Pages: 230 |

|The heroine is heart broken by their boyfriend being unfaithful. She|Sade refuses to go to the club when she discovers that Clive is |Olanna stops going to the club when she discovers Odenigbo is |

|refuses to continue socialising at the club. |unfaithful with Obi. |unfaithful with Amala. |

| |Page: 61 |Page: 230 |

|The Catholic ‘Hail Mary’ prayer is used in both stories |Sade says the ‘Hail Mary’ prayer. |Ugwu listens to a soldier saying the ‘Hail Mary’. |

| |Page 55 |Page: 362 |

|Body language is used to indicate guilt of sexual misconduct. |Due to her body language, Justice Uwaifo suspects that Clive had sex |Due to his body language, Olanna suspects that Odenigbo had sex with |

|The word ‘touch’ is used in both stories to confront the offender. |with Sade. |Amala. |

|The offender responds with silence. |Justice Uwaifo asks Sade if Clive touched her. |She says, ‘you touched Amala’. |

| |She shakes her head but stays silent. |Odenigbo stays silent. |

| |Page: 54 |Page: 224 |

|The heroine travels/moves with her husband to Umuahia, the Biafran |Sade moves to Umuahia with Emeka, having fled their home in Lagos. |Olanna moves to Umuahia with Odenigbo, having fled their home in |

|capital. |Pages: 146, 174 |Nsukka. |

| | |Page 194 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 7 | | |

|The English/half English character is surrounded by chanting children|Sade is surrounded by the chanting children |Richard is surrounded by chanting children |

|when they visit the village. | | |

| |Page 58 |Page 211 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|A character views a relationship differently to outside observers. |Sade is upset that Clive is getting married. |Ugwu is upset that Anulika is getting married. |

| |Sade is embarrassed that Sophia views Clive as being like her |Ugwu is embarrassed that his Aunty views Anulike as being like his |

| |‘brother’ |‘sister’. |

| |Page: 56, 57, 58 |Page: 176 |

|The heroine is involved in planning someone else’s wedding whilst at |Sade tells Sophia that fabric for Clive’s wedding is ‘nice’ when she |Olanna tells her cousin that the designs for her wedding dress is |

|the same time her own relationship fails. She has no patience with |hates it. |‘lovely’ even though she does not like the design. |

|the wedding plans and tells a lie to speed things up. |Pages: 56, 59 |Pages: 230 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 8 | | |

|The white/half white characters go to the village for ‘native’ |Sade goes to the village to get a love potion from the witchdoctor |Richard is told he will need to go to meet the witchdoctor/diabia in |

|ceremonies which attracts the attention of the village children. |and attracts the attention of the village children. |the village to get a cure for his impotency. |

| | | |

|The white/half white characters want to see the masquerades. |Sade looks forward to seeing the masquerades. |Richard goes to the village to see the ‘spirits’/masquerades and |

| | |attracts the attention of the village children. |

| |Page: 63, 125 |Page: 73, 74, 209, 211, 212 |

|Whilst in the village, the floor in front of the heroine is covered |When Sade meets the priestess in the village, she looks down at the |When Olanna meets with the elders in the village she looks down at the|

|in white chalk. |white chalk lines on the floor. |white chalk lines all over the floor. |

| |Page: 64 |Pages: 192 |

|The Westernised Nigerians take ‘siesta’ in the afternoon. |Sade takes siesta. |Odenigbo takes siesta. |

| |Page: 62 |Page 13 |

|Juju potions are recommended and/or used. |Sade’s cousin tells her to add a love potion to Clive’s soup. |Ugwu adds a ‘herb of forgiveness’/ arigbe to his Master’s soup. |

| |Page: 67 |Richard is told of a leaf given by the diaba for impotence. |

| | |Page: 15, 17 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine is advised to consult the witchdoctor/dibia when things |Sade is advised by Idowu to consult the witchdoctor/native priestess |Olanna meets a man with strong native medicine in the village. |

|go wrong. |in order to get rid of Obi and get Clive back. |Olanna is advised by her relatives to consult a witchdoctor/dibia, to |

|She performs the recommended sacrifices. |Sade takes a photograph of Clive to the witch doctor. |get her sister back. |

| |She pays for a dog to be sacrificed. |She pays for a goat to be sacrificed and throws a photograph of |

| |Page 67 |Kainene into the river. |

| | |Odenigbo’s mother attempts to drive Olanna off with native medicine. |

| | |Pages: 190, 433, 98, 213, 241 |

|Women are made barren, killed or bewitched by rivals using |Idowu tells Sade how to get Clive back by making Obi barren or |Olanna is believed to have been bewitched by Odenigbo’s mother so that|

|juju/native medicine. |killing her using ‘native medicine’. After Sade makes ritual |she is unable to conceive. |

| |sacrifices, Obi dies in childbirth. |Olanna is unable to conceive despite having sex with Richard and |

| |Idowu’s mother is said to have been bewitched. A doctor in London |visiting a Harley Street doctor who cannot find anything wrong with |

| |could not find anything wrong with her. |her. |

| |Idowu tells how Susan Uwaifo was bewitched by a rival wife causing | |

| |her male heirs to die. |Ugwu tells of childless women who had their womb tied with witch craft|

| |Page 67,68, 167 |or killed. |

| | |Pages: 98, 104, 105, 213, 217, 218, 241, 243 |

|Witchcraft/juju is discussed involving the use of something belonging|Idowu tells Sade that hair/nails/sweat/ photographs can be used in |Ugwu tells Olanna that clothing can be used in juju/witchcraft. |

|to the victim. |juju/witchjcraft. |Ugwu is told that the housegirl is a witch. |

| |Page 67 |Pages: 241, 215 |

|Both stories tell of spirit people/ogbanje/abiku |Sade’s brother is said to have been a spirit person that died and |Ugwu suspects that Amala is a spirit person. |

| |kept returning. | |

| |Pages: 166, 167 |Page: 239 |

|Both stories associate the village with the devil/juju. |Sade goes to the village where she sees the image of the devil in a |Richard goes to see a ‘devilish festival’ in the village and wants |

| |shrine field. After this she hallucinates and sees the devil. |‘devilish’ herbs to cure his impotence. |

| |Page: 89, 91 |Page: 73, 209, 211 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The truth is taken as an insult. |Idowu is insulted when Sade calls her ‘gullible’ for believing the |Miss Adebayo is insulted when Odenigbo tells her that Yoruba people |

| |witchdoctor. Sade cannot see why she is insulted by the truth. |are not sympathetic to the Igbo plight. |

| | |Odenigbo responds that the ‘truth has become an insult’. |

| |Page: 66 |Page: 174 |

|The heroine visits the village and is told about a god/spirit that |Idowu tells Sade about a god in the silk cotton tree. Sade pretends |Odenigbo tells Olanna about a spirit in a sacred tree. Olanna looks |

|lives in a tree. |to be the god. |for the spirit. |

| |Page: 68 |Page: 190 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 9 | | |

|‘Eze’ is a character name in both stories |The Eze is Emeka’s father. |Uncle Eze is Ugwu’s relative. |

| |Page 72 |Page 177 |

|The description of the Igbo family house is similar in both stories: |Emeka’s family house in Umuahia is the ‘most impressive building in |Olanna’s family house/country home in Umunnachi is three storeys. |

|Thick carpets. |the town’ with wall to wall carpets , a crystal chandelier, balcony |Page 191 |

|Chandeliers |and 7 bed bedrooms. |Olanna’s family home in Lagos has 10 bedrooms, balcony, chandeliers |

|7/10 bedrooms | |and thick carpets throughout. |

|imposing |Page: 71, 73, 177 |Pages: 32, 43, 134 |

|In reality, chandeliers and fully carpeted homes were unheard of in | | |

|1960s Nigeria. | | |

|In both stories, the Igbo mothers have similar bedrooms and sleeping |Emeka’s mother has her own bedroom with a large double bed and a long|Olanna’s mother has her own bedroom with a whole wardrobe. |

|arrangements. |wardrobe. |Her husband sleeps in a separate bedroom. |

| |Her husband sleeps in a separate bedroom. |Page: 43 |

| |Pages: 181 | |

|The traditional wedding ceremony is followed by a Catholic wedding |After the traditional wedding ceremony, Clive and Obi have a church |Olanna and Odenigbo have the church wedding and intend to have the |

| |wedding. |traditional wedding later on. |

| |Sade and Emeka have a traditional wedding and Catholic wedding | |

| |ceremony. |Pages: 187, 196, 200 |

| |Pages: 77, 82, 83 | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|In the village, animals are sacrificed in juju rituals. |A goat is sacrificed as part of Obi and Clive’s traditional wedding |Odenigbo tells how people in a village had sacrificed a goat at the |

| |ceremony. |shrine of oyi to keep the vandals away. |

| | |Page: 284 |

| |In the village, Sade finds the body of a goat that has been | |

| |sacrificed at a shrine. |Olanna pays for a goat to be sacrificed to bring back Kainene. |

| |Page: 82, 89 | |

| | |Page: 433 |

| |Sade is advised to sacrifice a dog to save her son and she does so. | |

| |Page: 168, 171, 173 | |

|Men in the village are described as appearing ‘in mourning’ |Page 71 |Page 193 |

|Both stories tell of one partner avoiding the other after sexual |Clive avoids eye contact with Sade after having sex with her. |Odenigbo avoids contact with Amala after having sex with her. |

|intercourse. |Page: 72 |Page: 223 |

| | |Richard avoids eye contact with Olanna as he finds her beautiful and |

| | |had sex with her. |

| | |Page: 105, 243 |

|The heroine is invited to visit her boyfriend before she moves in |Sade is invited to visit Emeka at his home in Ikoyi, Lagos before she|Olanna is invited to visit Odenigbo at his home in Nsukka before she |

|with him. |moves in with him. |moves in with him. |

| |Page: 80, 107 |Page: 21, 24 |

|The heroine lives in Ikoyi, Lagos for a time. | |Odenigbo visits Olanna at her family home in Ikoyi, Lagos. |

| | |Page: 33 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Forgiveness is a theme in both stories especially relating to sex and|Sophia never forgave Emeka for sexually assaulting her in the car. |Kainene tells Olanna that having sex with Richard is ‘unforgiveable’. |

|the twins. |Page: 73 |Kainene later forgave Richard and Olanna for having sex. |

| |Sophia can never forgive herself for fighting off the thugs that |Page: 151, 254 |

| |tried to rape her because it resulted in Taiwo’s death. |Olanna is told to forgive Odenigbo for having sex with Amala. |

| |Kehinde can never forgive Sophia for the death of Taiwo. |Page: 230 |

| |Page: 158 |Kainene talks about the unforgivable becoming forgiveable. Page 347 |

|The heroines’ husband drinks brandy. |Emeka drinks brandy. |Odenigbo drinks brandy. |

|He is drunk when he proposes/has sex with a woman. |He was drunk when he proposed to Sade. |He was drunk when he had sex with Amala. |

| |Page: 80, 86 |Page: 32, 225 |

|The only time that the heroine gets drunk is when she discovers that |The only time that Sade gets drunk is when she discovers that Clive |The only time that Olanna gets drunk is when she discovers that |

|her boyfriend has got another woman pregnant. |has got Obi pregnant. |Odenigbo has got Amala pregnant. |

| |She drinks brandy and Coke deliberately to get drunk. |She drinks two bottles of beer and planned to drink as much wine as |

| |Pages: 80, 81, 82 |possible. After the second bottle she felt ‘light’. |

| | |Pages: 232, 233, 234 |

|When the heroine gets drunk, she allows herself to be seduced by a |Sade allows Emeka to seduce her. She does not love him. |Olanna seduces Richard who she knows is attracted to her. She does |

|man that she does not love. |Page: 120, 124 |not love him. |

| | |Page: 234, 243, 254 |

|The heroine is initially dismissive of juju but later performs juju |Sade collects sweat from Obi and Clive and kolanut from their wedding|Olanna drives to the River Niger to throw a photograph of Kainene into|

|rituals. |to use for juju to get Clive back. |the river and walks around Kainene’s house three times in juju ritual.|

| |Page: 79 | |

| | |Page: 433 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 10 | | |

|There is family gossip – news about an unmarried daughter who is |Sade’s uncle is suspected of having an affair. |Olanna’s uncle had an affair. |

|pregnant and married a father/uncle having an affair. |Sade’s father tells her uncle that she is pregnant. She is not |Olanna is informed that a cousins’ unmarried daughter was pregnant. |

| |married. |Olanna’s father had an affair. |

| |Sade’s father had an affair. |Page: 38, 217 |

| |Pages: 49, 84, 86, 167 | |

|The natural father wants to arrange for his child to be aborted. The|Clive wants to arrange for Sade to have an abortion but she refuses. |Odenigbo wants to arrange for Amala to have an abortion. Mama |

|heroine keeps the child |Sade marries Emeka who brings up her son as his own child. |refuses. |

| |Pages: 84, 85, 86 |Olanna marries Odenigbo and adopts the child. |

| | | |

| | |Pages: 231 |

|Both stories tell of a shrine by the river. |Sade finds a shrine by the river. |Richard asks Ugwu whether he had been into the shrine by the river. |

| |Page: 88 |Page: 86 |

|The heroine is already in a relationship when she meets her future |Sade is in a relationship with Clive who she wanted to marry but she |Olanna is in a relationship with Mohammed who wanted to marry her |

|husband. |marries Emeka. |before she marries Odenigbo. |

| |Page: 86, 120 |Pages: 46 |

|Both stories tell of someone having a relationship with twins. |Sophia has a relationship with Taiwo and kehinde. |Richard has sex with both Olanna and Kainene. |

| |Page: 158 |Page: 105 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 11 | | |

|The heroine hallucinates and sees a creature. |Sade hallucinates and sees a snake in her bedroom. |Olanna hallucinates and sees an owl in her bedroom. |

| |Page: 91, 92, 93 |Page: 156, 157 |

| | | |

| |Sade tells Idowu that the devil sent the snakes to meet her. |Ugwu expects to find scorpions in Odenigbo’s house and recalls how |

| |Page: 93 |scorpions were sent to his uncle’s hut. |

| | |Page: 216 |

|The heroin consults a witch doctor/dibia and pays for sacrifices to |Sade gives money for a goat and other items to be purchased for |Olanna gives money for a goat and other items to be purchased for |

|be performed. |sacrificed to get Clive back. |sacrifice to get Kainene back. |

| |Pages: 95, 96 |Page: 433 |

|The witch doctor is consulted to break up a relationship/split |Sade consults the witch doctor to break up the relationship between |Mama consults the witchdoctor to break up the relationship between |

|lovers. |Clive and Obi . |Olanna and Odenigbo. Olanna is barren. |

| |Obi dies in childbirth. |Pages: 97, 104, 213, 214, 217, 232 |

| |Page: 95, 212, 213 | |

|An English/half English person asks to be taken to the witch-doctor |Sade asks to be taken to the witch doctor after suffering from fever.|Richard asks to be taken to the witch doctor to cure impotence. |

|to cure a condition. |Pages: 93, 94 |Pages: 63, 73, 74 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 12 | | |

|The heroine’s parents and in-laws are against her marriage but the |Sade’s father and mother tell her not to marry Emeka but she marries |Olanna’s father and mother tell her that Odenigbo is wrong for her but|

|marriage goes ahead. |him. |she marries him. |

| |Page: 97 |Page: 33 |

| |Emeka’s father is against his marriage to Sade as she is not Igbo. |Odenigbo’s mother is against his marriage to Olanna. |

| |Page: 104 |Page: 97 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|A girl quickly accepts a marriage proposal because she is pregnant. |Sade accepts Emeka’s proposal though she hardly knew him. She wants |Anulike quickly accepts Onyeka’s proposal as she is pregnant. She |

|She is indifferent to her future husband. She wants her baby to be a|a baby boy and is indifferent to Emeka. |wants a baby boy and is indifferent Onyeka. |

|boy |Page: 81, 83, 138 |Page: 119 |

|The heroine enters into an inter-tribal relationship which is |Sade who is from Benin enters into a relationship with Emeka who is |Olanna who is Igbo is in a relationship with Mohammed who is Hausa. |

|criticised. |Igbo. |Olanna’s cousin regrets that Mohammed is not Igbo otherwise he would |

| |Emeka’s father was not happy about him getting married to a Bini girl|have been a suitable husband. |

| |and expected him to marry an Igbo girl. |Arize suggests that her father would kill her for considering a Hausa |

| | |man. |

| |Page: 104 |Olanna’s mother is relieved that she did not marry Mohammed because he|

| | |is Hausa. |

| | |Page: 42, 189 |

|The heroine goes to a Catholic church where she looks up at a figure |Sade looks up on the arch in church and sees the sad face of Christ. |In church, Olanna looks at the crucifix and the face of Christ in |

|of Christ and questions the place of Christianity. |She questions the relevance of Jesus in Africa. |agony. She questions the relevance of Christ. |

| |Page: 98, 99 |Page: 230 |

|The heroine’s Christian wedding ceremony is a disaster. Chaos ensues|Sade’s world turns black as she faints after cutting her wedding |Olanna has to lie on her belly after cutting her wedding cake due to |

|once the wedding cake is cut. |cake. She is carried into the house where she flings the white veil |an air raid. She is told to remove her white wedding dress which is |

| |off her head. |then covered in a camouflage print army shirt. |

| |Pages: 98, 99, 100, 101, 105 |Pages: 197, 202, 203, 204 |

| African women at the parties are described as fat with gold around |Emeka’s mother attends the wedding and is described as having a fat |The women at Olanna’s parents’ party are fat with gold. |

|their necks. |neck covered in gold. |Olanna’s mother is described as having rows and rows of gold around |

| | |her neck with an African shape, half the size of Chief Ozobia in full |

| |Page: 100 |African robes. |

| | |Pages: 134, 135 |

| | | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine’s parents employ a live band at their house party. |Sade’s parents employ a live band at the wedding reception. |Olanna’a parents have a live band at their party. |

| |Page: 101 |Page 134 |

|The heroine’s husband is a doctor. |Emeka qualified as a medical doctor overseas. |Odenigbo obtained his doctorate overseas. |

| |Page: 104 |Pages: 3, 326 |

|The heroines father-in-law/father owns a house in Ikoyi, Lagos. |Sade stays in Emeka’s father’s house in Ikoyi, Lagos. |Odenigbo stays in Olanna’s father’s house in Ikoyi, Lagos. |

| |Page: 104 |Page: 32, 59 |

|The heroine’s father owns more than one house. |Sade’s father owns the family home and rents out another house to |Olanna’s father owns the family home in Lagos and the Country house in|

| |Lebanese men. |his village. |

| |Page:34 |Page: |

|A wealthy Igbo father gives his ugly daughter a house to entice a |Obi’s father gives her a house in order to entice a man to marry her.|Kainene’s father gives her a houseto entice a man to marry her. She |

|suitor. The Igbo daughter marries/has a relationship with a man that |She gets married to Clive who is half English and handsome. |is said to be Richard’s ‘wife’. Richard is a handsome English man. |

|is half English/English. |Page: 37, 104 |Page: 69 |

|White wedding dresses are imported by the westernised elite. |Sade has her wedding dress flown in from London. |Olanna’s mother looks down on a woman that could not import her |

| |Page: 98 |daughter’s wedding dress. |

| | |Page: 222 |

|The heroine enters a trance. |After a village ceremony, Sade goes into a trance. |After a village meeting Olanna goes into a trance. |

| |She acts hypnotised during her wedding ceremony. | |

| |She goes into a trance following the death of Obi. |Page: 193 |

| |Pages: 96, 100, 214 | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The characterisation of the heroine’s mother-in-law in is similar in |Mama Emeka is depicted as a domineering woman who is protective of |Mama/Odenigbo’s mother is depicted as a domineering woman who is |

|both stories: |Emeka. |protective of Odenigbo. |

|A dominerring woman |Pages: 100, 174, 181, 189, 190, 214 |Pages: 99, 184, 95, |

|Protective of her son. |Mama Emeka attends a Christian church, prays every morning and uses |Mama sings church songs and uses native medicine/ritual. |

|Combines Christianity with African spiritual beliefs. |native medicine/ritual. |Pages: 97, 98 |

|A widow |Pages: 180, 216, 217 |Mama is a widow. |

| |Mama Emeka becomes a widow. |Page: 195 |

| |Pages: 197 |Mama refuses to leave the family house as the Federal troops advance. |

| |Mama Emeka refuses to leave the family house as the Federal troops |Page:195 |

| |advance. |Odenigbo blames Olanna when his mother is killed. |

| |Pages: 238, 239 |Pages: 299 |

| |Emeka blames Sade when his mother is injured. |Olanna escapes the Federal advance with her baby, leaving Mama in the |

| |Page: 190 |family home. |

| | |Pages: 195, 196, 299 |

| |Sade escapes the Federal advance with her baby, leaving Mama Emeka in|Odenigbo is similar to his mother. Page: 94 |

| |the family home. | |

| |Page: 238, 243, 244 | |

| |Emeka is similar to his mother. | |

| |Page: 235 | |

|In both stories, the heroine has a one way flight to Lagos. |Sade flies to Lagos after her wedding. |Olanna flies to Lagos after staying with Odenigbo. |

| |Page: 106 |Page 27 |

|SIMILARITES IN CHAPTER 13 | | |

|The heroine move to and from Ikoyi, Lagos. |Sade moves to Ikoyi, Lagos. |Olanna moves from Ikoyi, Lagos to Nsukka in the East. |

| |Sade moves from Ikoyi, Lagos to Umuahia in the East. | |

| |Page: 107, 146 |Pages: 31, 41 |

|The heroine drives through a City with high life music is coming from|Sade arrives in Lagos and as she drives through the city, loud high |Olanna arrives in Kano and as she drives through the city, loud high |

|record shops. |life music is played in the record shops. |life music is played in the record shops. |

| |Page: 107 |Page 37 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine gets a taxi from Lagos airport to the house in Ikoyi. |Sade is driven by taxi through the Lagos traffic. She sees: |Olanna is driven by taxi through the Lagos traffic. She sees: |

|There is a similar description of the roads and their arrival at the | |Tumultuous traffic, |

|house. |Streets jam-packed with cars, bicycles, motor bikes and mammy-wagons.|Rusty buses |

| |Beggars |Touts |

|In the 1960s, it was extremely rare to have a gated compound in Lagos|Street sellers |Beggars |

|but this description appears in both stories. |The gates of Emeka’s father’s house. |Hawkers with trays |

| |Page: 107 |The high gates of her parents’ compound. |

| | |Page: 32, 131 |

|The heroine moves out of her parents’ home to live with her |Sade leaves her parents’ house to move in with Emeka. |Olanna leaves her parents’ house to move in with Odenigbo. |

|husband/fiancé. |Page: 107 |Page: 31, 131 |

|There is a similar description of the English/half English male |Clive’s house in Ikoyi Lagos has cement floors in contrast to Sade’s |Richard’s house in Ikoyi, Lagos has cement floors in contrast to |

|character’s house in Lagos which is compared to that of his |large house in Ikoyi with well developed gardens. |Susan’s large house in Ikoyi with lovely gardens. |

|ex-girlfriend’s house. |Page: 113 |Page: 56 |

|The heroines see beggars as she approaches her house in Lagos/her |Sade sees beggars as she approaches Emeka’s house in Lagos. |Olanna sees beggars as she approaches her parents’ house in Lagos. |

|boyfriend’s house. |Page: 107 |Page: 131 |

| | |Olanna sees beggars as she approaches Mohammed’s house in Kano. |

| | |Page: 43 |

|‘Mohammed’ is a fictional characters in both stories. |‘Mohammed’ is the name of Sade’s night-watchman. |‘Mohammed’ is the name of Olanna’s boyfriend. |

| |Page: 107 | |

| | |Page: 43 |

|In both stories, there is a similar description of the heroines’ home|Sade’s home in Lagos is gated. |Olanna’s home in Lagos is gated. |

|in Lagos. |Page: 107 |Page: 131 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine’s husband/boyfriend has a luxury car parked in front of |Emeka has a Mercedes. |Mohammed has a sports car. |

|his house. |Page: 108 |Page: 44 |

|Both stories tell of Hausa men with yellow stained teeth. |The Hausa night-watch has yellow stained teeth. |A Hausa man has yellow stained teeth. |

| |Pages: 107, 108 |Page: 40 |

|In both stories, a Yoruba person is employed by the Igbo family in |Emeka employs a Yoruba houseboy in Lagos. |Olanna’s parents employ a Yoruba caretaker in Lagos. |

|Lagos. |Page: 109, 145 |Page: 188 |

|The Igbo family is forced to flee from Lagos and their house is |The Yoruba staff abandon the Igbo household. Emeka’s house in Lagos |Olanna’s mother believes their house in Lagos has been looted by the |

|looted. The Yoruba staff act suspiciously or are suspected of |is looted. |Yoruba staff. |

|looting the house. |Page: 186 |Page: 188 |

|A Cook is employed who was previously employed by a British man. The|Emeka employs a Cook who has been trained by an Englishman. |Kainene employs a Cook who had worked for an Irish man. |

|Cook bows when he meets his master/madam. |The Cook bows when he meets Sade. |The Cook bows when he meets Richard. |

|The Cook considers that he is on a higher status to the other house |The Cook considers himself better than the houseboy. |The Cook considers himself better than the gardener. |

|staff. | | |

| |Pages: 109, 112, 113 |Pages: 72, 74, 112, |

|The South African Anti-Apartheid artist Miriam Makeba is used in both|Sade plays a record by Miriam Makeba when she first arrives at |The film HAYS begins with music by Miriam Makeba. |

|stories. |Emeka’s house. | |

| |Page: 110 | |

|When the heroine first arrives at her husband/fiancé’s house she is |Emeka does not consider the houseboys’ cooking good enough for Sade |Odenigbo does not consider that the houseboy’s cooking is good enough |

|introduced to the houseboy. |and Sade refuses to eat it. Bunmi serves Sade Coke. |for Olanna. Olanna finds it tasteless. |

|The houseboy’s cooking is not considered good enough for the heroine.|Page: 109, 110 |Ugwu serves Olanna Coke. |

|The houseboy gives her Coke to drink. | |Page: 21, 22, 23, |

|The English/half English characters are perceived as sexually shy. |Emeka thinks Sade is shy. |Kainene believes that Richard is shy. |

| |She is unable to have sex with him. |He is unable to have sex with her. |

| |Page: 110 |Page 59 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 14 | | |

|Just as Sade’s status is improved by her pregnancy and marriage, so |Sade is carrying Clive’s child but gets married to Emeka. This |After coming to Odenigbo’s house as Mama’s helper, Amala’s pregnancy |

|too Amala’s status is improved by her pregnancy. |elevates her and gives her power and influence. She sits in the |elevated her so she could sit idly in his living room listening to the|

|Both stories presume that the unborn is male. |living room putting nail varnish on her nails and listening to |radiogram. |

| |records. |Mama presumes that the unborn is male. |

| |Sade presumed that her unborn is male. |Page: 238 |

| |Page: 112, 114, 119, 120, 121 | |

|The heroine’s husband has a well developed garden and boys quarters. |Emeka has a well developed garden and boys quarters. |Odenigbo has a well developed garden and boys quarters. |

| |Page: 113 |Page: 3, 4, 17 |

|The heroine’s husband places a lot of importance on education. |Emeka makes arrangements to put Sade back in school after their |Odenigbo enrols Ugwu in the primary school even though he is 13 years |

| |marriage. |old. |

| |Page: 114 |Page: 11 |

|In both stories, one sibling lives in luxury whilst the other is in |Emeka lives in luxury whilst Obi has basic accommodation. |Kainene lives in luxury whilst Olanna has basic accommodation. |

|basic accommodation. |Emeka has bougainvillaea covering the front of the house. |Kainene has bougainvillaea covering the front of the house. |

|The sibling in luxury has bougainvillaea growing in front of their |Pages: 109, 113 |Pages: 35, 68, 69, 114 |

|house. | | |

|The same locations within Lagos are used in both stories. |Ikoyi club |Ikoyi Club |

| |Federal Palace |Page: 30, 57 |

| |Page: 30, 114 |Federal palace |

|The Igbo women dating white/half white men pull their wigs off in |Obi pulls her wig off to show her natural hair woven flat on her |Kainene pulls her wig off in public to reveal her natural hair is |

|public to reveal their natural hair in cornrows. The women have |head. Obi has prominent front teeth. |plaited in cornrows. Kainene has prominent front teeth. |

|prominent front teeth. |Page: 115 |Pages: 69, 403 |

|The heroine disapproves of her husband/boyfriend’s sports clothing. |Sade disapproves of Emeka ‘s white underpants that clinging to his |Olanna teases Odenigbo about his white tennis shorts that are too |

| |backside when he goes swimming. |tight around his buttocks. |

| |Page: 117 |Page: 100 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The Cook/houseboy prepares rice for the heroine when she first visits|Sade is served rice as her first meal in Emeka’s house. |Olanna is served rice as her first meal when she arrives at Odenigbo’s|

|her husband’s/fiancé’s house. |Page: 112 |house. |

| | |Page: 22 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 15 | | |

|An English/half English man has sex just once with the heroine even |Clive has sex just once with Sade but maintains his relationship with|Richard has sex just once with Olanna but maintains his relationship |

|though he is in a relationship with a rich Igbo woman. |Obi who is Igbo, rich, ugly and wears a wig. |with Kainene who is Igbo, rich, ugly and wears a wig. |

| | | |

| |Pages: 120, 121, 122 |Pages: 233, 234, 243, 244 |

|In both stories, the father of the heroine’ s baby blames the women |Clive blames Sade for luring him to have sex. |Odenigbo blames Amala for forcing herself on him and blames his mother|

|for the pregnancy. |Page: 121 |for getting him drunk. |

| | |Page: 238 |

|The father of the heroine’s child wants the baby aborted. |On finding out that Sade is pregnant, Clive planned to send Sade to a|On finding out the Amala is pregnant, Odenigbo planned to send Amala |

|The abortion is rejected. |doctor to have an abortion. |to a doctor to have an abortion. |

| |Sade refuses to have an abortion. |Mama refuses to have his child aborted. |

| |Page: 120 |Page: 231 |

|The heroine’s baby is the result of the man and woman having sex |Clive had sex with Sade on one occasion before she got pregnant. |Odenigbo has sex with Amala’ just once’ before she got pregnant. |

|‘just once’ after the men were lured/tricked. |Sade lured Clive away from Obi with cigarettes to seduce him. |Odenigbo was tricked with alcohol before Amala is said to have forced |

| |Page: 121, 155 |herself on him. |

| | |Page: 231 |

|Laugher surrounds the news of an unwanted pregnancy. |Clive laughs just before Sade informs him that she is pregnant with |Olanna laughs when Odenigbo informs her that Amala is pregnant with |

|Just as Sade slaps Clive, Olanna wants to slap Odenigbo because of |his child. |his child. |

|the pregnancy. |Sade slaps Clive. |Olanna wants to slap odenigbo. |

| |Page: 120 |Page: 231 |

|The English/half English man in a relationship with the rich Igbo |Clivehas no property and is supported by Obi. |Richard has no money and is helped by Kainene. |

|woman has no property of his own. |Page: 121 |Page: 151 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The twins share a sexual partner. |Taiwo is in a relationship with Sophia who is also in a relationship |Kainene is in a relationship with Richard who also has sex with |

| |with Kehinde. |Olanna. |

| |Page: 119, 158 |Pages: 244, 254 |

|The heroine’s unborn baby is expected to be a boy. |Sade buys blue for a boy and speaks of her son before it is born. |Odenigbo’s mother speaks of Amala producing her grandson. The baby is|

| |Page: 121 |adopted by Olanna. |

| | |Page: 238 |

| Igbo characters experience tribalism and violence in Lagos. |Emeka sees an Igbo man who has been set alight by political party |Olanna sees an Igbo man being beaten by thugs. |

| |thugs. |Page: 132 |

| |Page: 122 | |

|Both stories tell of the political unrest in the West. |Emeka tell of the politicians in the West stirring up hatred of Igbos|Odenigbo tells of the politicians in the West that had to be tear |

| |and the November elections. |gassed. |

| |Page: 122 |Page: 111 |

|The heroine examines her abdomen in the mirror. |Sade examines her belly to see if her pregnancy is showing. |Olanna examines her belly to see why she cannot get pregnant. |

| |Pages: 122, 123 |Page: 232 |

|The heroine wants to keep her sexual encounter secret. She confides|Sade asks Clive not to tell Emeka about their sexual encounter. |Olanna tells Richard not to tell anyone about their sexual encounter. |

|in someone who verbally attacks her sexual partner. |Sade attempts to tell Emeka before he rapes her. |Olanna tells Odenigbo after they have sex. |

| |Sade tells Susan. |Odenigbo attacks Richard verbally. |

| |Susan attacks Clive verbally. | |

| |Page: 123, 124, 153, 171 |Page: 243, 244, 246 |

|The heroine plans to have sex with her husband but he comes into the |Sade is in the bedroom hoping to have sex with Emeka who comes into |Olanna is in the bedroom hoping to have sex with Odenigbo, he comes |

|bedroom and produces a long gun. |the bedroom and pulls out a shot-gun. |into the bedroom with a double-barrelled gun. |

| |Page: 124 |Page 336 |

|In both stories, a rape/attempted rape results in death/injury. |Sophia fought off an attempt to gang rape her. Taiwo tried to |Anulka was gang raped and left blind in one eye for fighting the |

| |protect her from the thugs and was shot dead. |‘vandals’. |

| |Page: 158 |Page: 421 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Both stories tell of gang rape by soldiers. |Sade fears that the federal troops will gang rape her and the other |Ugwu and other Biafran soldiers gang rape of a bar girl. |

| |women in the house. |Page: 365 |

| |Page: 238 | |

|The heroine receives letters relating to relationships. |Sade receives a letter from Sophia telling her what has happened in |Olanna receives a letter from Mohammed telling her that he loves her |

| |her relationship with Taiwo and Kehinde. |despite her relationship with Odenigbo. |

| |Page: 119 |Page: 189 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 16 | | |

|An aliment is named after something foreign. |The gardener’s conjunctivitis is called ‘Apollo’ after the moon |The children’s kwashiorkor is called ‘Harold Wilson syndrome’ |

| |landing. |Page: |

| |Page: 125 | |

|An English/half English character wants to see the masquerades. The |Sade looks forward to travelling back to Benin to see the masquerades|Richard goes to a festival to see the masquerades at a festival. |

|masquerades flog people at a festival |in the new year festival. |Page: 86 |

| |Page 125, 126 | |

|A twin is killed/presumed dead. |Taiwo is killed during the political unrest. |Kainene is presumed dead during the civil war. |

| |Page: 126 |Page: 431 |

|There are discussions about the political violence in the Western |Justice Uwaifo tells of the political violence in the western region.|Odenigbo tells of the political violence in the western region. |

|region. |Page: 126 |Page: 111, 245 |

|The heroine locks her husband/fiancé out of her room/flat when they |Sade locks Emeka out of her bedroom and he begs to be let in. |Olanna locks Odenigbo out of her flat and he begs to be let in. |

|quarrel. Her husband/fiancé begs to be let in. |Page: 128 |Pages: 225, 231 |

|The heroine’s husband/mother buys air tickets for her to travel |Emeka buys air tickets for himself and Sade but she refuses to |Olanna’s mother buys air tickets for Olanna and the family but Olanna |

|without consulting her. She refuses to travel. |accompany him despite his pleas. |refuses to accompany them despite her mother’s pleas. |

| |Page: 127, 131 |Page: 188 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Sade/Susan smashes china when she loses control of a relationship. |Sade smashes china after Emeka spoils her plans to spend Christmas |Susan smashes glasses when Richard goes off with other women. |

|The house staff clears up the china. |with Clive. |Page: 54 |

| |Page: 128 | |

|The chronology is broken by letters/notes from a book, telling of how|A letter from Justice Uwaifo breaks the chronology. |Ugwu’s book is used to break the chronology. |

|a twin was killed or escaped death. |The letter tells of the death of Taiwo and the State of Emergency in |He tells how Olanna escaped the killing of Igbo’s in the North. |

| |the West. |Page: 82 |

| |Page: 126 | |

|Fresh lilies are brought into the house in both stories. |Sade has a vase of flowers on her breakfast table. |Olanna picks fresh lilies which she puts into a vase in the house. |

|Lilies are destroyed in both stories. | |Odenigbo drives over the lilies in the garden, crushing them. |

|The heroine throws away the flowers arranged in her |Sade has lilies in a vase in the house. |Olanna throws away the plastic flowers in Odenigbo’s house. |

|husband/boyfriends house. | |Pages: 47, 178 |

| |Sade throws the vase of lilies down the stairs of Emekas’s house. | |

| |Page: 20, 128 | |

|The gravel on the driveway is used to create tension in both stories.|After smashing the china figure of the Virgin Mary, Sade is afraid |After burning Odenigbo’s socks, Ugwu is afraid Odenigbo will sack him.|

| |that Emeka will leave her. She is disturbed by the crunching sound |Ugwu is disturbed by the crunching sound of Odenigbo’s car on the |

| |of Emeka’s car on the gravel driveway. |gravel driveway. |

| |Pages: 128, 129 |Page: 14, 16 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 17 | | |

|Both stories tell of the corruption and tribalism leading up to the |Sade and Emeka attend a church service were the talk is of the |Odenigbo is described as a tribalist by a Yoruba woman, Miss Adebayo. |

|first Igbo coup |tribalism and corruption destroying Nigeria. |Page 21 |

| |Page: 132 |Olanna’s parents are corrupt and give bribes to the corrupt politician|

| | |to get contracts. |

| | |Page: 21, 32, 123, 126, 133 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine’s Igbo husband/partner learns about the ‘Igbo coup’ of 16|Emeka listens to a radio broadcast announcing the Igbo coup. He is |Odenigbo listens to a radio broadcast announcing the Igbo coup. He is|

|January 1966 via a radio broadcast. It is viewed as the end to |supportive. |supportive. |

|corruption. |Pages: 132 |Pages: 122, 123, 124, 125 |

|In both stories, the heroines’ Igbo husband supports the new Igbo |Emeka views Igbos as intellectually superior and worthy of high |Odenigbo views the Igbo coup leader as a man of vision who can save |

|leadership. |position. |the country. |

| |Pages: 132, 133 |Page: 125 |

|In both stories, the killing of Yoruba/Hausa politicians is |Emeka and Sade visit an Igbo army captain. They celebrate the |Odenigbo’s guests discuss the killings of politicians. |

|celebrated at Igbo gatherings. |killing of Akintola. |Page: 124, 125 |

| |Pages: 133 |Olanna visits her relatives in Kano where they celebrate the killing |

| | |of the Sardauna and Olanna wonders how Chief Okonji died. |

| | |Page: 130 |

|The heroine pinches/blinks at her husband to signal to him. |When visiting Boniface, Sade pinches Emeka to let him know that she |When Odenigbo visits her parents, Olanna blinks at Odenigbo to signal |

| |is ready to go home. |to him that he should stop raising his voice to her father. |

| |Page: 134 |Page: 32, 109 |

|The birth of a female child is a disappointment. |Clive and Obi have a daughter which is a disappointment. |Amala and Odenigbo have a daughter which is a disappointment. |

| |Page: 135 |Page: 247, 249, 250 |

|The heroine/heroine’s partner changes the subject when anything |Sade and Clive change the subject when their affair and the resulting|Olanna changes the subject when her affair with Richard is brought up |

|connected to their affair is brought up. |baby is brought up. |and the resulting breakdown in her relationship with Kainene. |

| |Pages: 136, 157 |Page: 129 |

|In both stories, a baby is said to look like a parent who is ugly. |Sade tells Obi her baby looks like her. The baby is ugly. |Odenigbo’s baby looks like him and he is said to be ugly. |

| |Page: 135, 136 |Page: 249, 42 |

|There is hope that an unborn child will not be ugly. |Sade does not want her baby to look like Obi’s baby. |Arize does not want her unborn to have her husband’s flat face. |

| |Page: 136 |Page: 129 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 18 | | |

|After the Igbo coup, the heroine goes baby shopping at Kingsway, |Sade, goes baby shopping at Kingsway, Lagos, for her unborn baby. |Olanna goes baby shopping at Kingsway, Lagos, for Arize’s unborn baby.|

|Lagos. The shopping is for an unborn baby. |Page: 137 |Page: 123, 254 |

|The mother of the unborn decides what the sex of her unborn baby will|Sade decided her unborn was a baby boy. |Arize decided her unborn was a baby girl. |

|be and picks appropriate baby clothing. |Page: 138 |Page: 129, 133 |

|There is a play with the colours, pink and blue around the choice of |Sade buys blue for a boy according to the English tradition. Sade |Arize makes a blue dress for Olanna’s baby girl. |

|the baby’s clothing. |does not buy pink as she does not want a girl. The baby’s bedroom is|Olanna gets a pink dress for Baby. |

| |painted blue. |Page: 123 |

| |Page: 138 |At Kingsway, Olanna and Arize buy pink clothing and baby items as |

| | |Arize wants a baby girl. |

| | |Page: 129 |

| | |Olanna buys a baby dress with pink lace for Arize’s unborn. Page 131,|

| | |133 |

| | |Olanna loved to see Baby in a pink nightdress. |

| | |Page: 143 |

|A pram is purchased for the unborn. This is never used as the family|Sade buys a pram for her unborn which is never used Sade is forced to|Olanna buys a pram for Arize’s unborn which was never used as Olanna |

|is forced to flee during the civil war. |flee the killing of Igbo’s in Lagos. |was forced to flee the killing of Igbo’s in Kano and Arize was |

| |Page: 137 |presumed dead. |

| | |Page: 131 |

|Kingsway is described as a very expensive shop in Lagos. |The story describes Kingsway as the most exclusive department store |Whilst shopping in Kingsway, Azize tells Olanna a baby dress she has |

| |in Lagos where imported goods were being sold at exorbitant prices. |chosen is too expensive to buy. |

| |Page: 137 | |

| | |Page 131 |

|The heroine’s husband places his hand on her body/she places her hand|Whilst driving, Emeka places his hand on Sade’s belly. |Whilst Odenigbo is driving, Olanna places her hand on his thigh. |

|on his body whilst he drives. |Page: 138 |Page: 26 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|A bedroom is prepared for the arrival of a baby. The room is never |Sade has a bedroom prepared for the arrival of her baby. The room is|Olanna has a bedroom prepared for the arrival of Arize’s baby. The |

|used as the Igbo families are forced to flee. |never used as the family are forced to flee Lagos. |room is never used as the family are forced to flee Nsukka. |

| |Page: 138 |Page: 123 |

|Following the Igbo coup, Igbo relatives arrive at Master’s house |Emeka’s brother, Chukwuma, unexpectedly arrives from the North |Master’s kinsman, Obiozo, unexpectedly arrives from the North telling |

|telling about their experiences and how they escaped the killing of |(Zaria) having escaped the killing of Igbo people. |how they escaped the killing of Igbo people. |

|Igbo’s in the North. |Chukwuma compares the killing of Igbo people to the killing goats. |They compare the killing of Igbo people to the killing ants. |

|The Igbo character compares the killing of Igbo people to the killing|Chukwuma tells how Igbo’s were being killed in the Sabon Garis in |A radio broadcast tells of the killings in Zaria. |

|of animals/insects. |Kanoand how gangs and political thugs were being transported to kill |Page: 144 |

| |Igbos, loot their property and set fire to their houses. | |

|‘Master’ here is Emeka/Odenigbo |Chukwuma tells about southerner being killed and their property |Olanna escapes the killing of Igbo people in the Sabon Garis in Kano. |

| |looted at Kano railway station |She witnesses thugs setting fire to Igbo homes and killing the |

| | |residents. |

| |Page: 139, 140 |Olanna escapes after being put on a train at Kano railway station. |

| | |Azire tells of the killing of Igbo people in Zaria following the Igbo |

| | |coup. |

| | |Page: 132, 142, 143, 144 |

|Expatriates in the north are said to be inciting the students to |Chukwuma reports that the expatriates in the north are inciting |Odenigbo reports that the expatriates in the north were inciting |

|riot. |students to riot. |students to riot. |

| |Page: 140 |Page: 174 |

|An Igbo person is saved by a friend in the North. |Chukwuma tells how he was saved by a friend who hid him in his house.|Colonel Madu is saved by his friend Ibrahim. His friend hid him in |

| |His friend was said to speak Hausa like a Hausa-man. |his cousin’s house. |

| |Page: 140 |Page: 139 |

| | | |

| | |Olanna is saved by her friend Mohammed . He drove her through the |

| | |Sabon Garis and dropped her at Kano railway station. |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Uniformed men take part in killing of Igbo people in the Kano. |Chuks tells of policemen participating in the killing of Igbos in |Olanna sees policemen in Kano participating in the killing of Igbos. |

| |Kano. |Page: 147 |

| |Page: 140 | |

|Igbo people have their property looted and are killed whilst |Chuks tells of the killing of Igbos and the looting of their property|Olanna is taken to Kano railway station where she sees boys carrying |

|attempting to escape at Kano railway station. |at Kano railway station. |radios they have looted. She sits on the train next to a woman |

| |Page: 140 |carrying her daughter’s head. |

| | |Page: 148, 149 |

|Igbo university lecturers are forced to abandon their jobs and flee |Chuks was a university lecturer. He was forced to abandon his job |Richard writes about university lecturers leaving their campus. |

|their accommodation on campus. |and flee from campus. |Page 166 |

| |Page: 140 |Odenigbo is a university lecturer. He is forced to abandon his job |

| | |and flee from campus. |

| | |Olanna is a university lecturer. She is forced to abandon her job and|

| | |flee from campus. |

|The Northerners and Easterners want secession. The topic of |Chuks tells of the Northerners demanding secession. |Odenigbo write a petition demanding secession. |

|secession is a cause of argument. |Emeka quarrels with Chuks who wants to return to his job in northern |Odenigbo quarrels with Misss Adebayo who is Yoruba and does not |

| |Nigeria and still believes in one Nigeria. |support secession. |

| |Pages: 141, 142 | |

| | |Page: 174, 161 |

|The Igbo characters insult the Muslim Hausa people by referring to |Obi refers to the Hausa people as illiterate and backward. She says |Olanna’s guests refer to the Muslim Hausa people as ‘dirty cattle |

|them as illiterate, cattle herders. |they were only capable of herding cattle and sitting on prayer mats |rearers’. |

| |to recite the Koran. |Page 157 |

| |Obi says the Northerners were holding back the Southerners. |Aunty Ifeka says the Hausa Sardauna held the Igbo children back by |

| |Page: 141 |prevented them from going to school. |

| | |Page: 130 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The male Igbo characters see education as a means of avoiding |Emeka says that if the Northerners would educate themselves they |Odenigbo says that education allows black people to resist |

|domination. |could not be dominated by the Southerners. |exploitation. |

| |Page: 141 |Page: 11 |

| | |Ugwu writes about the North fearing domination by the educated South. |

| | |Page:155 |

|The North South dichotomy is a theme. |Clive says that the British should never have created Nigeria as one |Odenigbo says that he is Igbo and that Nigerian is the white man’s |

| |Country due to the differences between North and South. |creation. |

| |Page: 141 |Page 20 |

| | |Olanna is struck by the difference between the North and South. |

| | |Page: 37 |

|The British are blamed for the civil unrest in Nigeria. |Clive blames the British for the civil unrest. He says that the |Madu blames the British for the civil unrest. He says the British |

| |British should never have brought together such diverse tribes in the|should never have introduced an ‘ethnic balance policy’ to promote |

| |creation of Nigeria. |unqualified Northerners. |

| |Page: 141 |Page: 141 |

|There is repetition of the belief that the civil unrest will ‘calm |Chuks wants to return to his job in the north and tells Emeka that |Arize tells Olanna that the civil unrest will ‘calm down’ but it |

|down’ but it escalates. |the civil unrest will ‘calm down’ but it escalates. |escalates. |

| |Page: 142 |Olanna believed things would ‘calm down’ but they get worse. |

| |Sade wants to return to her home in Lagos and tells Emeka things have|Page: 133 |

| |‘calmed down’ but the unrest escalates. | |

| |Page: 186 | |

| |Emeka asks Sade what has ‘calmed down’ as the civil unrest escalates.| |

| |Page 186 | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 19 | | |

|Igbo characters respond to the attacks by becoming bad tempered. |Chuks becomes bad tempered and sacks Mohammed because he is Hausa. |Odenigbo became short-tempered and attacks Miss Adebayo because she is|

|They retaliate by attacking people from other ethnic groups. |Page: 142 |Yoruba. |

| | |Page: 174 |

| |Sade who is light skinned and from Benin in the Midwest is beaten by | |

| |her husband. |Olanna’s mother tells her she should thank God she did not marry |

| | |Mohammed because he is Hausa. |

| |Baby, the Eze’s light skinned, mixed race, junior wife, is likened to|Page: 189 |

| |a prostitute. She is beaten up by the family. She disappears when |Igbo people in Biafra attack other ethnic groups as saboteurs. |

| |the Eze is buried. |Page: 313 |

| |Page:178, 189, 201 |Alice who is light skinned and from Asaba in the midwest is forced to |

| | |isolate herself from the Igbo people. She tells people she is from |

| | |Enugu in the East. She is accused of being a saboteur. |

| | |Page: 328, 383 |

| | | |

|There are shouts of ‘Araba’ the Hausa word for secession. |Boniface informs Sade that the Hausa’s in the barracks were shouting |Olanna hears chants of ‘Araba, araba!’ as Mohamed drove around Kano. |

| |‘Araba! Araba! Araba!’. |Page: 147 |

| |Page: 145 |Richard hears shouts of ‘Araba, Araba!’ |

| | |Page 153 |

|There is a second coup by northern officers six months after the |Captain Boniface Ifeajuna arrives at Emeka’s house informing them of |Kainene and the BBC informs Richard of the second coup by northern |

|first coup. Igbo soldiers are killed in their barracks. |the second coup by northerner officers and of the killing of Igbo |officers and that Igbo officers were being killed in the barracks. |

| |soldiers in the barracks. |Page: 137, 138, 139 |

| |Page: 143 | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|An Igbo officer escapes the Hausa killing of Igbo soldiers in the |Boniface escapes the barracks in Lagos and tells how soldiers are |Madu escapes the barracks in the North and tells how Igbo officers |

|barracks. His report is met with silence. |being killed. His report is met with a ‘tense and deadly silence’. |have been killed. His report is met with stretches of silence. |

| |Page: 144 |Page 138, 139, 140, 141 |

|There is a fear of domination by another tribal group. |The Hausa’s fear domination by the Igbo’s. |The Igbo’s fear domination by the Hausa’s. |

| |Page 145 |Page: 125 |

|An Igbo army officer is saved by a friend who provides him with a |Emeka saves Captain Boniface by hiding him for 1 day and providing |Colonel Madu’s friend, Ibrahim, saved Madu by hiding him for 3 days |

|place to hide. He escapes by disguising himself in work clothes. |him with civilian clothes to disguise him as his driver to allow him |and providing him with clothing to disguise himself as a Fulani nomad.|

| |to escape back to the East |Madu is also helped by another friend disguising him as a fireman. He|

| |Page: 147 |escapes back to the East. |

| | |Page 139, 140 |

|The news of the second coup is heard via the BBC radio service. |Emeka listens to the BBC news on the radio. |Richard and Kainene listen to the BBC news on the radio. |

| | |Page: 138 |

| |Page 145 | |

|An Igbo soldier who is a friend of the family arrives unexpectedly. |Captain Boniface Ifeajuna unexpectedly arrived at Emeka’s house in |Colonel Madu unexpectedly arrives in Kainene’s house having lost allot|

|He tells how he escaped the killing of Igbo soldiers in the barracks.|blood socked uniform to tell how he escaped the killing of Igbo |of weight. He tells how he escaped the killing of Igbo soldiers in |

| |soldiers in the Lagos barracks. |the barracks. |

| |Page: 143, 144 |There is chaos in Lagos. Igbo soldiers are being tortured and shot in|

| | |the barracks. |

| | |Page: 138, 139 |

|Following the coup, Yoruba/Hausa people harass Igbo people in Lagos. |Emeka discovers that his Yoruba house staff had fled and he feared |Ibekie tells Olanna that his Igbo uncle in Lagos was being harassed by|

|The Igbo people are forced to abandon their houses in Lagos and send |the Hausa night watch man will bring soldiers to arrest them. They |Yoruba people so he could not sleep in his house. He had to send his |

|their families back to the East. |abandon the family house in Lagos to escape to the East. |children back to the East. |

| |Page: 145 |Olanna’s Igbo parents abandon their house in Lagos and fear the Yoruba|

| | |caretaker will loot the house. |

| | |Pages: 133, 188 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine has a baby. The baby is not the natural child of her |Sade and Emeka are the legal parents of Sade’s baby. Clive is the |Olanna and Odenigbo are the legal parents of Odenigbo’s baby. Amala |

|marriage. |natural father. |is the natural mother. |

| |Pages: 146, 153 |Pages: 247, 251, 252 |

|The heroine and her family abandon their job and home. |Sade and Emeka flee their house in Lagos. |Olanna and Odenigbo flee their house in Nsukka. |

|They do not have time to pack. |Emeka abandons his job at the hospital. |They abandon their jobs in the university. |

|They plan to leave their house staff behind. |They do not pack. |They do not pack. |

|They intend to return soon. |They leave the baby-nurse, Mercy, to watch the house. |They plan to leave Ugwu in the house but are forced to take him. |

| |Page: 147, 160 |Page: 177, 178, 189 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 20 | | |

|At a checkpoint, someone shouts ‘You are Ibo?’ |At a checkpoint in Lagos, a soldier shouts ‘You are Ibo?’ at Emeka. |At a checkpoint in Lagos, a man shouts ‘You are Igbo?’ at Olanna. |

|The Igbo characters deny being Igbo and adopt another tribal |Emeka denies that he is Igbo. |Olanna shakes her head. |

|identity. |Emeka claims to be from Benin. |Olanna begins to speak loud Yoruba. |

| | |A soldier shouts ‘You are Igbo,’ at Nnaemeka. |

| |Page: 148 |Nnaemeka denies that he is Igbo. |

| | |He claims to be from Katsina. |

| | |Page: 132, 152 |

|The heroine arrives at a checkpoint in Lagos and sees Igbo people |Sade arrives at a checkpoint and sees a Igbo man being whipped. |Olanna comes to a checkpoint and sees an Igbo man being slapped. |

|being singling out and beaten |Page: 148 |Page: 132 |

| Language is used as a sign of identity. |The soldiers demand that Sade speaks in Bini to prove she is from |Olanna is asked if she is Igbo and shakes her head before speaking in |

| |Benin. She is unable to do so but speaks in pidgin English which |Yoruba which save her and her companions. |

| |saves her and her companions. | |

| |Page: 148 |The soldier at Kano airport asks Nnaemeke to say ‘Allahu Akber!’ to |

| | |prove he is from Katsina. He would not say the words as his accent |

| | |would have given him away. |

| | |Page: 132, 152 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Soldiers bang on the bonnet before commandeering a car. |The soldiers at a checkpoint bang on the bonnet and commandeer |Soldiers set up a road block and stop a man driving a Volkswagen. |

|A Volkswagen is crammed with people and driven away. |Emeka’s car. |The soldiers bang on the bonnet and commandeer the Volkswagen. |

| |The family cram into Clive’s Volkswagen and he drives off. |The soldiers cram into the Volkswagen and drive off. |

| |Page: 150 |Pages: 363, 364 |

|The heroine, her husband/partner and child stay in the family home |On leaving Lagos, Sade, Emeka and the baby stay at Sade’s family home|On leaving Nsukka, Olanna, Odenigbo and the baby stay at Odenigbo’s |

|for one week before moving to Umuahia. |for one week before travelling to Umuahia. |family home for one week before travelling to Umuahia. |

| |Pages: 151, 154, 182 |Pages: 178, 184, 185 |

|The North prepares for secession. |Justice Uwaifo informs Emeka that the Northerners are preparing to |Ugwu writes about the North wanting a separate country. |

| |secede. |Page: 155 |

| |Page: 152 | |

|The heroine’s mother/heroine collapses when they realise the |Sade’s mother collapses when Sade tells her the baby is Clive’s |Olanna collapses when Odenigbo reveals through body language that he |

|implications of an illicit sexual encounter. |natural child and not Emeka’s. |had sex with Amala. |

| |Page: 153 |Page: 224 |

|Political party thugs beating up opponents. |Sophia tells Sade how they were stopped by political party thugs who |Ugwu tells of politicians paying thugs to beat up opponents. |

| |attempted to rape her before they killed Taiwo. |Page: 126 |

| |Page: 158 | |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 21 | | |

|The heroine’s baby is said to be a reincarnation of a dead family |Sade’s baby is believed to be the reincarnation of her brother. |Olanna’s baby is believed to be the reincarnation of Odenigbo’s |

|member. |Page: 155 |grandmother. |

| | |Page: 253 |

|Individuals are believed to be spirit people with spirit companions. |Idowu believes that Sade’s brother was a spirit child that kept dying|Ugwu suspects that Amala is a spirit person performing rituals with |

| |and returning. |her fellow spirit people. |

| |Justice Uwaifo believes that Sade’s baby is her dead brother who has | |

| |returned as a spirit person. |Page: 239 |

| |Page: 165, 166 | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine’s baby is examined for a mark that would indicate |Sade examines her baby’s body for a mark that would indicate that it |Ugwu examines Baby for a mark that would indicate that she was a |

|reincarnation. |was her brother that had returned. |reincarnation. |

| |Pages: 165, 168 |Page: 253 |

|The heroine’s baby is the result of one sexual encounter. |Sade tells her mother that she had sex with Clive on the night of the|Odenigbo tells Olanna that he had sex with Amala ‘just once’. |

| |twins’party. |Page: 231 |

| |Page: 155 | |

|The heroine’s husband employs a 13 year old Igbo child to work in his|Emeka employs Patience as a baby-nurse. She is 13 years old and |Odenigbo employs Ugwu as a houseboy. He is 13 years old and Igbo. |

|house. |Igbo. |Page: 5 |

| |Page 161 | |

|There are discussions on whether a baby looks like it’s father. |Sophia comments that Sade should thank God her baby does not look |Olanna sees that Odenigbo’s baby looks like him. |

| |like Emeka. |Page: 249 |

| |Page: 156 |Ugwu hopes that Arize’s baby will not resemble it’s father |

|A character has a relationship with the twins. |Sophia has a relationship with Taiwo and Kehinde. Kehinde stops |Richard has sex with both Olanna and Kainene. Kainene stops speaking |

| |speaking to Sophia after Taiwo is killed. |to Olanna when she finds out. |

| |Page: 158 |Page: 254 |

|The baby crying/laughing stops someone hearing the news. |Justice Uwaifo is unable to hear the news due to the baby crying. He|Olanna is unable to hear the news due to Baby laughing. She shouts, |

| |shouts, ‘Oh God’, ‘can’t I hear the news?’ |‘Oh God, what did he say?’ |

| |Page 159 |Page: 124 |

|Lieutenant Colonel Yakubu Gowon’s speech that the ‘basis for unity |Sade and the family listen to the radio broadcast by Gowon stating |Odenigbo and his friends discuss Gowon’s speech that the ‘basis for |

|does not exist’ in Nigeria is discussed. |that the ‘basis for unity does not exist’. |unity does not exist’. |

| |They discuss secession. |They discuss secession. |

| |Page: 159 |Page: 158 |

| | | |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|An existing servant introduces a new servant. |Innocent introduces his sister Patience when he realises that Sade |Ugwu’s Auntie introduces Ugwu after overhearing a conversation that |

| |needs a baby nurse. |Odenigbo needs a houseboy. |

| |Pages: 160, 161 |Page: 4 |

|The heroine’s servant is instructed to bath in Dettol soon after they|Patience is instructed to bath in Dettol |Ugwu is instructed to bath in Dettol. |

|have been employed. |Page: 161 |Page: 48 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 22 | | |

|A twin is killed in conflict and the other twin is left in deep |After the death of Taiwo, Kehinde is in mourning. |After the death of Kainene, Olanna is in mourning. |

|mourning. |Page: 158, 162 |Page: 413 |

|The heroine is initially dismissive of the power of juju/witchcraft, |Sade initially tells her cousin that she is gullible for believing in|Olanna initially believes that juju is ‘irrational’ but later pays for|

|however she gets drawn into juju rituals and pays for animal |juju but later pays for animals to be sacrificed and performs juju |an animal to be sacrificed and performs juju rituals with Kainene’s |

|sacrifices. |rituals using Clive’s photograph. |photograph. |

| |Pages: 66, 163 |Page: 433 |

|The heroine believes in a Christian God. |Sade believes in the existence of a Christian God. |Olanna believes in the existence of a Christian God. |

| |Page: 163 |Page: 253 |

|A educated Nigerian man has sex with a village woman but deserting |Idowu informs Sade that a village woman had children for Justice |Odenigbo has a child with a village girl but rejects the woman and the|

|her and their children. |Uwaifo but that he was ashamed of them and disowned them. |child. |

| |Page: 167 |Page: 239, 250, 251 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 23 | | |

|A pet dog is killed so that a child can survive. This results in |Sade takes her pet dog to be killed so that her son will live. Sade |Baby plays with a dog that is said to bark at spirits in the night. |

|tears. |cries when the dog is killed. |The dog is killed to save a child with kwashiorkor. |

| |Pages: 164, 169, 173 |Baby cries when the dog is killed. |

| | |Pages: 338, 342 |

|Sade/Amala acts strangely after giving birth. |Justice Uwaifo comments that he has noticed that Sade has been acting|Olanna notices that Amala is acting strangely after the birth of her |

| |strangely after the birth of her baby. |baby. |

| |Page: 171 |Page: 249 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 24 | | |

|The heroine, her husband/fiancé and baby leave their family home for |After a week with Sade’s parents, Sade, Emeka and the baby travel by |After a week with Odenigbo’s mother, Olanna, Odenigbo and baby travel |

|Umuahia. |car from Benin to Umuahia approx. three hours away. |by car to Umuahia three hours away. |

| |Page: 174 |Page: 196 |

|When the heroine and her family arrive in Umuahia, they are forced |Sade, Emeka and the baby move into the Eze’s overcrowded house. The |Olanna, Odenigbo and Baby move into a house in an overcrowded |

|into overcrowded accommodation. |house has seven rooms. |neighbourhood. They move again into a long building with nine rooms. |

| |Page: 177 |Page: 197, 326 |

|The heroine has to share a single room with her husband in Umuahia. |Sade has to share a single bed with Emeka. |Olanna, Odenigbo and Baby move into a single room. Page: 326 |

| |Page: 177 | |

|Fictional characters are named after foreign politician. |Emeka’s brother’s, Kennedy, Truman, Jude, Nixon, Bogart, are named |Churchill is the name of Kainene’s finance who jokes that he is not |

| |after American presidents. |related to the British prime minister. |

| |Page: 174, 175 |Jomo Kenyatta is Odenigbo’s garderer. |

| | |Pages: 15, 57 |

|There is an Igbo albino character in the East. |Nixon is albino. |Nnaemeka’s father is albino. |

| |Page: 174 |Page: 164 |

|It is suggested that someone has reincarnated into a different racial|Nixon who is of black African origin is albino. His mother believes |Richard is European. It is said that he was an African in his |

|group. |that he is the reincarnation of a white man. |previous life. |

| |Page: 177 |Olanna says that when she reincarnates, Kainene will be her sister. |

| | |Page: 108, 433 |

|A fictional character name is ‘Baby’. |The Eze’s wife is named ‘Baby’. |Odenigbo’s daughter is named ‘Baby’. |

| |Page: 175 |Page: 344 |

|A polygamous household is portrayed. |Emeka takes Sade to live in his father’s polygamous household where |Ugwu takes Olanna to meet his father in his polygamous household. |

| |there is a senior wife and a subservient junior wife. |There is a senior and junior wife. The children gather around to |

| |The children gather around to welcome Sade and Emeka. Page: 175 |welcome Olanna and Odenigbo. |

| | |Pages: 7, 89 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|In both stories, an Igbo character states that Nigeria will not allow|Emeka’s father says Nigeria will not let the Igbo people go because |Kainene says Nigeria will not let the Igbo people go because of the |

|the Igbo people to secede due to the oil in the East. |of the oil. |oil. |

| |Page: 176 |Page: 180 |

|A woman is likened to a ‘common prostitute’ because she drinks/ |Sade is liken to a ‘common prostitute’ because she gets drunk. |Kainene is liked to a prostitute for dating a white man. |

|smokes/ dates white men. |Francis likens Baby’s mother to a prostitute for having sex with a |Kainene is likened to a ‘common prostitute’ because she was smoking. |

| |white man. | |

| |Francis likens Baby to a prostitute because she married an old man. | |

| |Pages: 83, 179 |Page: 81, 271 |

|A half white/white/English educated person receives preferential |Sade is asked if she wants rice for dinner when the rest of the |A white man is given preferential treatment and allowed to jump the |

|treatment in Nigeria which creates hostility towards them. |family are having pounded yam. |ticket queue. Odenigbo responds with hostility and escorts the white |

| |Emeka responds abruptly as he does not want Sade given preferential |man back into the queue. |

| |treatment. |Page: 29 |

| |Page: 178 | |

| | |Olanna is allowed to jump the hospital queue because she walks with |

| | |poise and speaks like a white person. The other women as hostile |

| | |towards her. |

| | |Page: 263 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 25 | | |

|The heroine is uncomfortable sharing a single bed with her husband |Sade slept little sharing a single bed with Emeka. |Olanna’s skin crawled sleeping on a single bed with Odenigbo. |

|and unable to sleep. |Page: 180 |Page: 382 |

|The heroine’s mother kept perfume on her dresser. |Sade’s mother kept perfume on her dressing table. |Olanna’s mother had perfume on her dresser. |

| |Page: 181 |Page: 221 |

|Imported Lux soap is available to the heroine’s family in Biafra. |Mama Emeka bathed Sade’s baby with Lux soap. |Olanna received a parcel containing Lux soap. |

| |Page: 181 |Page: 376, 378 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|the heroine’s husband has been educated overseas. |Emeka was educated in Britain. |Odenigbo was educated overseas. |

| |Page: 182 |Page: 3 |

|When the heroine arrives at her husband’s family house, she watches |Sade watches from the balcony as the children play. The children |Olanna watches from the veranda as the children play. The children |

|from the balcony/veranda as the children play. |chase the goats. |chase the goats. |

| |Page: 182 |Page: 184 |

|A character stammer as he speaks. |Emeka’s brother, Roosevelt stammers. |Odenigbo’s friend, Mr Johnson stammers. |

| |Pages: 182, 183 |Page: 18 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 26 | | |

|Non-Igbo’s as trapped in Biafra |Sade is from the Midwest and finds she is trapped and held against |Alice is from the Midwest and finds she is trapped in Biafra. |

| |her will in Biafra. |Ugwu is not Igbo but he is trapped and held against his will in the |

| |Page: 185, 188, 193 |Biafran army. |

| | |Page: 382 |

| Igbo people demand weapons to fight. |Emeka asks Sade whether she has not heard the people crying out for |Richard hears Igbo people chanting and demanding that they are given |

| |weapons. |weapons. |

| |Page: 186 |Page: 171 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 27 | | |

|There is a radio broadcast by Lieutenant Colonel Ojukwu declaring |Sade, Emeka and family listen to the radio broadcast by Lieutenant |Olanna, Odenigbo and family listen to the radio broadcast by |

|Biafran independence. |Colonel Ojukwu declaring Biafran independence. |Lieutenant Colonel Ojukwu declaring Biafran independence. |

|The fictional characterslisten to the broadcast from the Eastern |All the family react by dancing and singing. |All the family dance and sing. |

|region, which becomes Biafra. The Igbo characters celebrate. |Sade does not dance or sing. |Olanna does not dance or sing. |

| |Pages: 192, 193 |Pages: 161, 162 |

|Following the declaration of independence, the elite leaving the |Sade was aware of the expatriates leaving the country. |Olanna is informed that her parents are flying to London. |

|country. |Page: 193 |Page: 189 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|An Igbo Nigerian army officer is saved from the klillings. He is |Captain Boniface Ifeajuna is Igbo. Following the second coup, he |Major Madu is Igbo. Following the second coup, he deserts from the |

|promoted when he enlists in the new Biafran army. The army officer |deserts from the Nigerian army and enlist in the Biafran army. |Nigerian army and enlists in the Biafran army. |

|is very tall. He helps the family in Biafra. |He is promoted to Brigadier. |He is promoted to Colonel. |

| |Captain Boniface Ifeajuna is described as a tall, stocky man. |Major Madu is described as a tall, huge man. |

| |He is Emeka’s friend and is saved by Emeka. |He is a family friend to the Olanna and Kainene.. |

| |He helps Emeka get supplies in Biafra. |One of his friends saves his life. |

| |Pages: 133, 143, 147, 193, 195 |He helps Olanna search for Ugwu in Biafra. |

| | |Pages: 78, 79, 139, 183, 376 |

|The Britain and Russia are said to be arming Nigeria to fight against|Emeka tells Boniface that the British and Russians are arming |Olanna’s friend, Mrs Muokelu, tells her that the British and Russians |

|Biafra. |Nigeria. |armed the Nigerians. |

| |Page: 194 |Page: 278 |

|Nigerian troops re-capture Nsukka. |Boniface informs Emeka and Sade that the Nigerians have captured |Olanna and Odenigbo escape just before the Nigerians capture Nsukka. |

| |Nsukka. |Page: 178 |

| |Page: 195 | |

|The killing of Igbo people is compared to the killing of animals |The killing of Igbo people is compared to the killing of goats. |The killing of Igbo people is compared to the killing of ants and |

| |Page: 195 |dogs. |

| | |Pages: 144, 162 |

|The driving of Igbo people back to the East is compared to the |Igbo people are said to have been driven like dogs. |Igbo people are said to have been chased like goats. |

|driving of animals. |Page: 195 |Page: 145 |

|A character enlists/is conscripted by the Biafran army. The person |Chukwuma enlists in the Biafran army. |Ugwu is conscripted by the Biafran army. |

|suffers injuries from broken bottles. |Chukwuma suffers foot injuries from glass - broken bottles having |Ugwu suffers head injuries from glass - broken glass having been used |

| |been scattered on the ground as a weapon. |to shave his head. |

| |Page: 223 |Page: 359 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Biafran soldiers are said to be fighting with boots and clothing |Chukwuma reports that he has been fighting on the front line with |Ugwu sees soldiers at the front line fighting with no boots or |

|taken from the dead. |bare feet. |uniform. |

| |The only boots and army clothing available is taken from dead |Ugwu takes boots from a dead soldier. |

| |soldiers. |Page: 359 |

| |Page: 223 |Olanna sees a soldiers with feet cracked and caked in dried mud who |

| | |had been fighting without shoes. |

| | |Page: 376 |

|A character is reported to have been killed by explosives on the |Emeka’s brother, Roosevelt, is killed by shelling on the front line. |Ugwu was believed to have been killed by explosives on the front line.|

|front line. |Page: 225 |Page: 381 |

| Biafran troops are supplied with locally made ogbunigwe/locally made|Chukwuma tells of the Biafran Research and Production Board supplying|Ugwu was trained to use the ogbunigwe. |

|explosives. |ogbunigwes and mines. |An ogbunigwe explodes in Ugwu’s back pocket. |

| | |Page: 397 |

| |Pages: 223, 224 |Professor Ekwenugo suffers injuries to his hands making explosives. |

| | |He is involved in Biafran research. |

| | |Page: 285 |

| | |Professor Ekwenugo was killed on his way to lay land mines. |

| | |Page: 353, 354 |

|Buildings in Umuahia are camouflaged with palm. |In Umuahia, Boniface advised the Eze to cover the roof of his house |In Umuahia, Ugwu helps camouflaging a roof with palm. |

| |with palm. Emeka get labourers to do the work |Page: 287 |

| |Page: 196 | |

|In Umuahia, bunkers being built to shelter from air raids. |In Umuahia, Boniface advises the Eze to build a bunker. Emeka gets |In Umuahia, Odenigbo decides to build a bunker. He gets neighbours to|

| |labourers to do the work. |help with the work. |

| |Page: 196 |Page: 204, 261 |

| | |Mrs Ezeka shows Olanna her bunker. |

| | |Page: 342 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine is forced to climb into a bunker. |Sade climbs into the dullness of the earth bunker. |Olanna climbs down the jagged steps into the bunker. |

|The heroine considers that the bunker might collapse. |Sade considers that the walls of the bunker might collapse and bury |Olanna considers that the walls of the bunker might collapse squashing|

|The heroine feels the earth shake when a bomb is dropped as she takes|them alive. |them all into mud. |

|cover in the bunker. |As a bomb exploded nearby, Sade feels the earth tremble. |As a bomb explodes nearby, Olanna feels the earth shake. |

| |Page: 234 |Page: 261, 174 |

|The bunker is compared to a grave. |Sade compares the bunker to a grave. |Olanna thinks of a grave as she enters the bunker. |

| |Page: 234 |Page: 261 |

| | |Ugwu says that bunkers are graves. |

| | |Page: 204 |

|The safety offered by the bunker is compared to the safety taking |Sade considers the bunker is safer than the house. |Odenigbo says the bunkers are safer that lying in a cassava patch. |

|cover in a house/cassava patch |Page: 234 |Page: 204 |

|Biafra has an influx of millions of refugees and Nigeria imposes food|Boniface tells the Eze that millions of refugees are entering Biafra |Ugwu’s book tells of starvation being used as a weapon of war to break|

|blockades. |and that the the Nigerians are imposing food blockades to starve |Biafra. |

| |Biafra into submission. |Mr Ovoko tells of Gowon imposing food blockades on Biafra. |

| |Page:196 |Odenigbo tells of two million refugees entering Biafra. |

| | |Page: 173, 174, 237 |

| Masters mother wears a key on her person. |Mama Emeka keeps the key to the food store around her neck. |Odenigbo’s mother kept the key to his house tied in her cloth. |

| |Page: 196 |Page: 196 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 28 | | |

|The story tells of the Nigerian custom not to announce death. |When Emeka’s father dies, the family are told that he is sleeping. |When Ugwu is informed that his mother is sick, he fears she is dead |

| |Page: 197 |because of the custom not to say the person is dead. |

| | |Page: 87 |

|Before the Federal advance on Umuahia, the heroine and her family |Sade prepared milk for the children in the kitchen. |Olanna is given stockfish. |

|prepare an evening meal. The preparation starts in the kitchen and |She goes outside where Emeka’s sisters are cooking stockfish using |Ugwu starts to prepare baby’s food in the kitchen but Olanna sends him|

|moves to a make shift cooking area outside the house. |firewood. |to cook outside using firewood. |

| |They sit on cement blocks outside. |Olanna sits down on a cement block outside. |

| |Pages: 236, 237 |Page: 299 |

|An obstinate/stubborn goat being dragged. |Jude and Oyibo drag an obstinate goat. |A woman was dragging a stubborn goat. |

| |Page: 199 |Page: 385 |

|Animals are slaughtered in the yard in the presence of children. |The children watch as chickens and goats are slaughtered in the |The children watch as a chicken is killed in the yard and its feathers|

| |family compound. The women pluck the feathers. |plucked. |

| |Page: 199 |Page: 40 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 29 | | |

|The heroine works on a voluntary basis. |Sade works as a volunteer at the hospital. |Olanna works on a voluntary basis as a teacher. |

| |Page: 202 |Page: 343, 344 |

|The heroine’s husband is committed to the war effort and works in |Emeka works as a doctor in a hospital. |Odenigbo is called doctor as he has a PhD. He works in the Manpower |

|Biafra. He reassures the heroine that they will get their lives back|He tells Sade that those that contribute to the war effort will be |Directorate. |

|once they win the war. |the ones to enjoy when the war is over. |He tells Olanna that once the war is over they will get their lives |

| |Pages: 202 |back. |

| | |Page: 261, 344 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine receives preferential treatment at a hospital because she|Sade is allowed into the office of the English matron in charge. |Olanna is allowed into the office of Dr Nwala even though other women |

|is half English/acts English. This causes resentment. |Sade is asked to instruct the qualified nurses which leads to |had been waiting outside since dawn. |

| |hostility and resentment because she is seen to be given preferential|The other women are hostile and resentful that she is given |

| |treatment because she is half English. |preferential treatment because she mimics the English. |

| |Page: 204 |Page: 263 |

|Master’s girlfriend was at Nsukka University prior to the Federal |Emeka’s mistress, Ndali, was at Nsukka University before the Federal |Odenigbo’s fiancé, Olanna, was at Nsukka University before the Federal|

|advance. |troops took Nsukka. |troops took Nsukka. |

|Master here is Emeka/Odenigbo |Page: 205 |Page: 31, 32, 178, 194 |

|Nigeria announces a ‘police action’ to crush the Biafran rebels. |Ndali tells of the Nigerian ‘police action’. |The radio news broadcast tells of the ‘police action. |

| |Page: 205 |Page: 177 |

|The heroine is unprepared for the first air raid and is forced to lie|Sade hears the jets approach. The people around her panic. A bomb |Olanna hears the jet approach. The people around her panic. She is |

|on the floor/ground. The raid is followed by silence. |explodes. She is forced to lie flat on the floor with other people. |forced to lie flat on the ground with other people. |

|The heroine fears for her baby. |The raid is followed by silence. |The raid is followed by silence. |

| |Sade fears for the safety of her baby who is with Mama Emeka. |Olanna fears for the safety of Baby who is with Ugwu. |

| |Pages: 205, 206 |Pages: 202, 203, 204 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The conditions in the hospital in Biafra are described: |A child with kwasioko cannot get a nurse to attend to him. |Ugwu cannot get a nurse to change his bandages. |

|Nurses neglect patients. |There is a bomb raid on the hospital. |Richard tells Ugwu the hospital has been bombed. |

|The hospital is bombed. |The ward is in chaos as patients are brought in and bodies are put on|There are bodies on the floor of the hospital, on mats and on |

|The wards are overcrowded. |the floor. |mattresses. |

|Patients are treated as they lie down on the hospital floor. |A child is treated as she lies on the floor. |Ugwu is treated as he lies on the floor. |

|A patient is awash with blood. |A patient is awash with blood. |Ugwu is covered in blood and there is blood everywhere. |

|The wards smell. |There is a stench of rooting flesh – gangrene. |There is a smell of blood. |

|The soldiers are dirty |The soldiers are dirty with hideous wounds. |Dirty clothes have been used to make Ugwu’s bandages which are left |

| |One soldier screamed as Emeka amputated is leg. |unchanged. |

| |Page: 203, 204, 205, 206 |Men scream as doctors examine them. |

| | |Pages: 393, 395 |

|A mother carries her daughter’s body/head and show’s it to the |A mother carries her daughter’s body and shows Sade. |A mother carries her daughter’s head and shows Olanna. |

|heroine. |Page: 206, 207 |Page: 149 |

|The heroine sees a mother clutching the body of her child/a child |Sade sees a mother holding onto her daughter’s dead body, refusing to|Olanna sees a baby clutching onto its mother’s dead body. Olanna |

|clutching its mother’s body. |accept the child is dead. |cannot accept a mother is dead. |

| |Pages: 206, 207 |Page: 348 |

|After a bombing raid, there are discarded shoes from victims. |Sade finds the road littered with discarded shoes of victims. |Ugwu walks down the road and picks up the stylish sandal of a victim. |

| |Page: 207 |Page: 203 |

|After a bombing raid, a child is dug out alive from beneath the |Sade passes a house where a child is being dug out alive from beneath|Ugwu passes a house where a child is being dug out alive from beneath |

|rubble of a house. |the rubble. |the rubble. |

| |Page: 207 |Page: 203 |

|After the bombing raid, the victim’s body parts are on the ground. |Sade sees severed bodies, entrails hanging out and limbs blown off. |Richard sees Ikejide’s head blown off. |

| |Page:207 |Page: 317 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 30 | | |

|Biafran troops occupy the midwestern region and march for Lagos. |Emeka tells Sade that the Biafran troops have occupied the midwest |Ugwu receives the news that the Biafran troops have occupied the |

|The end of the war appears imminent. |and are marching towards Lagos. |midwestern state and are marching towards Lagos. |

| |Emeka predicts that the war will be over soon. |The news that the war will soon be over comes with mixed feelings as |

| |Page: 209 |Ugwu wanted to be a Biafran soldier. |

| | |Page: 199 |

|The British are blamed for the problems in Nigeria. |Dr Amadi averts his eyes from his British wife when blaming the |Madu turned and glanced at Richard when blaming the British for the |

|Innocent British characters are looked at in such a way that suggests|British for interfering in African affairs. |ethnic balance policy. |

|that they are responsible for the problem. |Page: 210 |Page: 141 |

|The heroine’s husband reassures her that once the war is over, things|Emeka tells Sade that ‘when the war is over things will be |Odenigbo tells Olanna that they will get their ‘life back soon, in a |

|will be different. |different.’ |free Biafra’. |

| |Page: 209 |Page: 261 |

|The heroine is informed about the recapture of the Midwestern region |Boniface informs Sade that the midwest has been recaptured by the |Odenigbo informs Olanna that the midwest has been recaptured by the |

|by Federal troops |Federal troops. |Federal troops. |

| |Page: 210 |Page 204 |

|The heroine is invited to fly out of Biafra without her husband. |Becky invites Sade to fly to a neighbouring African country where |Olanna’s mother invites Olanna to fly to a neighbouring African |

|The flight is to a neighbouring African state where a connecting |they will get a connecting flight to London. |country where they will get get a connecting flight to London. |

|flight can be got to London. |Sade stays with her husband in Biafra. |Olanna stays with her husband in Biafra. |

|The heroine stays with her husband in Biafra. |Page: 210, 211 |Page: 188 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Igbo characters being hidden in roofs of houses and with animals. |Obi escapes from the Midwest after being hidden in the roof of the |Colonel Madu escapes from the north after being hidden in a chicken |

| |house with bats and lizards. |house. |

| | |Ugwu is informed that Igbo boys avoid conscription by hiding in the |

| |Page: 212 |roof of the house. |

| | |Pages: 139, |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 31 | | |

|The heroine imagines/looks for a character’s body in the mortuary. |Sade imagines Obi’s body in a Biafran mortuary. |Olanna looks for Kainene’s body in a Biafran mortuary |

| |Page: 213 |Page: 410 |

|The heroine realises that life will carry on regardless of someone |Following Obi’s death, Sade realises that life carries on regardless |After a bombing raid, Olanna realises that if she died the war would |

|dying. |of death. |carry on. |

|The description of nature persisting is similar is both stories. |Sade is conscious of the children playing, the cock crowing, the |Olanna is conscious of the sun rising, and the crickets hoping around.|

| |goats mating and the hens laying eggs. |Page: 280 |

| |Page: 214 | |

|As a black woman prepares food, her skin shines. |Sade watches a house-girl preparing food. The skin on her body |Ugwu watches Olanna preparing food. The skin on her shoulders glowed |

| |glistened as she moved to and fro whilst grinding pepper. |as she moved whilst stirring the soup. |

| |Page: 214 |Page: 177 |

|The heroine goes into a trance after a family member/s dies. This |Sade goes into a trance after Obi dies. This disturbs Mama Emeka . |Olanna goes into a trance after announcing the death of four family |

|disturbs her companion who gets her out of the trance. |Mama gets her out of the trance by taking her to the market. |members. This disturbs Ugwu. He gets her out of the trance by |

| |Page: 214 |offering her water. |

| | |Page: 193 |

| | |Richard goes into a trance. |

| | |Page 411 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine experiences petrol shortages in Umuahia. |Sade has to walk to the market due to petrol shortages in Umuahia. |Olanna stops at a petrol station to find a sign – NO PETROL. |

| |Page: 214 |Page: |

|The heroine visits a market in Umuahia. |Sade visits a market in Umuahia. |Olanna visits a market in Umuahia. |

| |Page: 214 |Page: 329 |

|The heroine sees people selling lizard meat in Umuahia. |Sade sees a man selling lizards. |Olanna sees a hawker selling lizards. |

| |Page: 214 |Page: 352 |

|There are salt scarcities in Umuahia. |Sade sees salt that is ‘worth its weight in gold’. |Olanna is aware that there is hardly any salt in Umuahia. |

| |Page: 214 |Page: 329 |

|The heroine sees children who are suffering from kwashiorkor. |Sade attends to a child in the hospital with kwashiorkor. |Olanna sees a neighbour’s child with kwashiorkor. |

| |Page: 204 |Pages: 338, 339 |

| |Sade sees children in the market with kwashiorkor. | |

| |Page: 214 | |

|In Umuahia, the heroines husband vomits on the bedroom floor. The |Emeka vomits on the floor in the bedroom. |Odenigbo vomits on the floor in the bedroom. |

|room smells. He lies in bed. The housegirl/houseboy cleans it up. |The room ‘stinks’. |‘Foul smells filled the room’. |

| |Emeka sit down on bed. |Odenigbo sits down on the bed. |

| |Sade gets the house-girl to clean it up. |He tells the houseboy to clean it up. |

| |Page: 215, 216 |Page: 355 |

|Evil spirits come to make people sick. |Emeka has a fever and sees a spirit trying to stab him. Sade and |When Ugwu’s mother falls sick, it is assumed the evil spirits have |

| |his mother wonder if evil spirits had been sent to kill him. His |come to kill her. She is told by the dibia to ask the spirits to |

| |mother whips the spirits with a cane to drive them away. |leave her alone. |

| |Pages: 216, 217 |Page: 90 |

|Native medicine is used to cure fever. |Mama Emeka gives Emeka a bitter concoction which cures his fever. |Richard is told about a herbalist with a cure for malaria. |

| |Page: 216, 217 |Page: 152 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|the heroine’s mother in law accuses her/suspects her of witchcraft. |Mama Emeka stares accusingly at Sade when Emeka is sick and Sade |Mama/Odenigbo’s mother accuses Olanna of bewitching her son. |

| |fears being accused of witchcraft. |Page: 97 |

| |Page: 217 | |

|The heroine’s husband/fiancé contemplates his own death. |Emeka tells Sade that ‘if he should die’ she is to remain with his |Odenigbo tells Olanna that if anything happened to him, she should |

| |mother so that his son is brought up as an Igbo man. |decide what happens to his body. |

| |Page: 217 |Page: 187 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 32 | | |

|The heroine experiences/imagines an air raid where she and the family|Sade is in the compound with Saul and Emeka’s family. Suddenly there|Olanna imagines that she is in the compound with Odenigbo, Baby and |

|are unable to get to the bunker on time. |is an air raid. They are unable to get to the bunker on time and two|Ugwu when there is another air raid and they could not reach the |

| |of Emeka’s brothers are killed. |bunker on time. |

| |Pages: 218, 219 |Page: |

|People shout warnings before Nigerian bomb are dropped. |Emeka’s driver shouts, ‘Nah bomb-oh! Take cover-oh!’ at the sound of|Someone shouts ‘Enemy plane!’ and Special Julius shouts, ‘Take cover!’|

| |the Nigerian aircraft. |at the sound of the Nigerian plane. |

| | |Page:274 |

| |Page: 218 | |

|There is fear that the bunker will collapse. |Emeka’s driver refused to go into the bunker as he had see people |Ugwu tells Odenigbo that the bunkers are mass graves. |

| |buried alive when the walls collapsed. |Olanna imagines the bunker collapsing, squashing them to mud. |

| |Page:274 |Page: |

|The Nigerian pilots target a building the heroine uses. |As the family run for the bunker, Bogart warns that the pilot is |As the family climb out of the bunker, someone says the pilots |

| |‘targeting the house’. |‘targeted the primary school’ |

| |Page: 274, 275 |Page: |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|two men run for cover and two/one is killed by strafing. Their | Bogart and Kennedy run ahead. |Harrison and Ikejide run out of the house. |

|bodies/head is wrapped in raffia. They are buried. |Bogart and Kennedy are killed by strafing. |Ikejide is killed by strafing. |

| |Their bodies are wrapped in raffia mats. |Ikejide’s head is put into a raffia bag. |

| |Their bodies are buried. |Ikejide is buried. |

| |Pages: 218, 219 |Pages: 316, 317 |

|The heroine, her husband and child run for cover in the bunker. |Sade and her baby run for cover in the bunker. She hears the sirens.|Olanna hears the sirens and runs with Ugwu, Baby and Odenigbo for the |

|The heroine hears sirens. |Emeka runs to meet her. |bunker. |

| |Page:218, 219 |Page: 279, 280 |

|Uli airport is described as Biafra’s only link with the outside |Sade visits Uli Airport twice. |Richard visits Uli Airport twice. |

|world. It is covered with vegetation to appear like bush from the |The first time is with Emeka and Boniface to collect supplies. |The first time is to write an article and he tells of food and arms |

|sky. Supplies are brought in through Uli Airport. |Uli airport is described as the only link to the outside world. |supplies being brought in. |

| |The tarmac is covered by bush. |Uli Airport is described as the only link to the outside world. |

| |Soldiers are clearing the tarmac for a plane to land. |He looks at the strip of tarmac with bush on either side. |

| |Suddenly the landing lights go on a plane lands. |He sees men spreading palm fronds on the tarmac to make the runway |

| |Page: 221 |look like bush. |

| | |Page: 310 |

|Someone is given a bottle of brandy at Uli Airport. |Emeka’s friend in the Air Force supplies him with brandy flown in |Richard is given brandy from Sao Tome. |

| |from Portugal. |Page: 372 |

| |Page: 221 | |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 33 | | |

|Biafran soldiers on the front line take boots and clothing from dead |Chuks arrived back from the front line to report that the soldiers |Ugwu is yanks boots off a dead soldier on the front line. |

|soldiers. |are taking boots and clothing from dead soldiers. |The soldiers are ordered to take trousers and shirts and boots off the|

| |Page: 223 |dead. |

| | |Page 362 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Onitsha is captured by the Federal troops. |Chuks informs Emeka that Biafra has lost Onitsha with the result that|Richard writes an article about the fall of Onitsha. |

| |Nigeria could bring troops in to Biafra by crossing the river Niger. |Page: 305 |

| |Page: 224 | |

|The Biafran troops on the front line are using locally made ogbunigwe|Chuks tells Emeka that the Research and production Board have made |Odenigbos friend, Professor Ekwenugo, was a member of the scirnce |

| |and supplied troops on the front line with ogbunigwe mines. |group that made the high-impact landmines called ogunigwe. |

| |Pages: 223, 224 |Ugwu is assigned to a battalion made up of field engineers that use |

| | |the ogbunigwe that had killed so many. |

| | |Pages: 198, 358, 359 |

|Both stories create a symbolic +/Y in red/blood where the Igbo’s have|‘The blood of the Ibos moved down from the north to the south and |‘’…he draws a map of Nigeria and traces in the Y shape the rivers |

|been. |from west to eastern Nigeria.’ |Niger and Benue in bright red”. |

| |Page: 225 | |

| | |Page: 82 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 34 | | |

|Prior to the fall of Umuahia, the heroine’s relationship with her | Emeka does not want to speak to Sade. She tries to speak to him |Olanna does not want to speak to Odenigbo. They spoke only of |

|husband deteriorates. |about getting the family out before the fall of Umuahia. He tells |necessities – what they would do if Umuahia fell. |

| |her Boniface will keep him informed. | |

| |Page: 226 |Page: 382 |

|The heroine comes across men suffering from shell shock. |Sade sees men suffering from shell shock. |Olanna sees a man suffering from shell shock. |

| |Page: 227 |Page: 268 |

|Someone suffers from psychological problems affecting their legs. |A soldier cries out that he has agonising pain from a let that no |Olanna’s legs fail her and this is put down to a psychological |

| |longer exists. Emeka tells him it is not possible. |problem. |

| |Page: 227 |Page:157 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|Both stories tell of unqualified medics working at the Biafran |Sade works as a nurse even though she is not qualified |Ugwu is attended to by an unqualified ‘doctor’. |

|hospital. |Page: 205, 206, 226, 227 |Page: 395 |

|Biafran soldiers are brought into hospital. |Sade sees a Biafran soldier being carried into the hospital on a make|Ugwu is carried into a hospital by two soldiers and left there. |

| |shift stretcher. The soldier is left there. |He has suffered bad injuries to his buttocks. |

| |He has bad injuries to his leg. |Ugwu is bandaged with shirts. |

| |His leg has been tied to two tree branches. |Ugwu is almost delirious. |

| |He is almost delirious. | |

| |Page: 227 |Page:393 |

|Both stories describe the condition of the Biafran soldiers on the |Sade attends to the wounded Biafran army officers in the hospital. |Ugwu is brought onto a hospital ward full of Biafran soldiers. He was|

|hospital ward. |Most of the men are groaning and delirious with pain. Sade sees a |delirious and pain consumed him. |

| |soldier brought in on a make shift stretcher who screams when Emeka |He heard the sharp screams of men when the doctors examined them. |

| |amputates his leg. |The ward smells of blood. |

| |The ward smells of gangrene. |Page: 393 |

| |Page: 226, 227 | |

|The heroine faints/feels faint when exposed to the nauseating smell |Emeka takes Sade onto the male surgical ward where she is exposed to |Kainene takes Olanna into a refugee camp. The old classroom had a |

|and suffering in the hospital/relief centre |the nauseating smell of a soldiers puss filled leg. Sade faints. |dead body. The smell hit Olanna and she felt faint. |

| |Page: 228 |Page:347, 348 |

|Women with children queue for powdered milk. |Sade watched women with babies on their backs queuing for powdered |Olanna is told to join the milk queue at a relief centre where women |

| |milk. |and children are waiting. |

| |Page: 228 |Page: 267 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The unqualified are forced to learn on the job and when challenged |Sade is shown the basic nursing skills by Becky. |Ugwu is shown how to teach by Olanna and Mrs Muokelu. |

|they are supported by their teacher. |Sade is challenged by Grace because she is unqualified. |Ugwu is challenged by a relative of Special Julius because he is not a|

| |Becky defends Sade and tells Grace to ‘…get on with your job or get |qualified teacher but a houseboy. |

| |out!’. |Olanna defends Ugwu and tells the woman ‘If you do not want your child|

| | |to learn, take her home. |

| |Page: 204 |Page: 293 |

|The heroine receives letters in Biafra through the Red Cross. |Sade finds letters that Emeka had hidden. They are addressed to her |Olanna is given a package sent to her through the Red Cross. |

| |and sent through the Red cross. | |

| | |Her hand is shaking as she opens it. |

| |She is trembling as she opens them, |Page: 376, 377 |

| |Page: 229, 230, 231 | |

|The heroine discovers that her private letters have been opened and |Sade discovers that Emeka has opened and read private letters from |Olanna’s mother gives her a letter from Mohammed. Her mother had |

|read by her husband/mother. |her mother. |opened and read it. |

| |Page: 229, 230, 231 |Page: 189 |

|The heroine receives letters that are a few months old. |Sade receives letters from her mother that are six months old. |Olanna receives a letter from Mohammed that are three months old. |

| |Page: 229, 230, 231 |Page: 376, 377 |

|The heroine’s mother/lover provides her with contact details to get |Sade’s mother provides her with a contact in the Red Cross – Mr Cole.|Mohammed provides Olanna with his telephone number. |

|help. |She tells of the many letters she has sent Sade. |Page: 189 |

|She is told that other letters had been sent to her. |She pleads with Sade to write back. |Mohammed tells of the many letters he has sent her. |

|Her mother/lover pleads with her to get back to them. |Pages: 229, 230, 231 |Mohammed pleads with Olanna to send word back. |

| | |Page: 376, 377 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The story tells of events taking place in Benin, Midwest State |Susan informs Sade of the bombing raids in Benin and how the federal |Olanna travels to Benin to search for Kainene. |

| |troops set up road blocks searching for Igbos. |Page: 423 |

| |Page: 230 | |

|The Igbo houseboy goes missing in Biafra. |Susan tells how she hid the Igbo houseboy in the bush after the |Madu sends word that Ugwu has gone missing in the fighting. |

| |Biafran invasion of the Midwest until Justice Uwaifo decided he had |Page: 381 |

| |to return to the East. | |

| |Page: 231 | |

|Relief food is being sold for profit. |Susan informs Sade that relief food is on sale in the market. |Mrs Muokelu tells Olanna that the relief centre workers are keeping |

| |Page: 231 |the relief food to sell. |

| | |Page: 271 |

|The heroine’s mother flies to England leaving her in Biafra. |Sade’s mother informs her by letter that she is flying to UK. |Olanna’s mother flies to London. |

| |Sade is left in Biafra. |Olanna is left in Biafra. |

| |Page: 233 |Pages: 188, 189 |

|The heroine’s husband is suspected of having an affair and she wants |Sade finds a love letter from Ndali and desperately wants to confront|Olanna is told Odenigbo is having an affair with Alice and confronts |

|to confront him. |Emeka. |him. |

| |Page: 234 |Page: 386 |

|The family bunker has a zinc opening and a wooden ladder. |Sade lifts the zinc door and climbs down the wooden ladder. |Odenidgbo holds open the zinc sheet while Olanna climbs down a ladder |

| |Page: 234 |274, 275 |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|The heroine looks up at the low flying bomber before climbing down |Sade looks up at the bomber flying so low that she could see the |Olanna looks up and sees the bomber jets flying ‘startlingly low’. |

|the steps to shelter in the bunker. |pilot. She climbs down into the bunker. |She crawls into the bunker. |

| |Page: 234 |Page: 279, 280 |

|The planes were said to be flying so low that the pilot could be | |The planes were so low a boy saw the polit. |

|seen. | |Page 203 |

|Both stories describe the ‘silence’. | ‘petrified silence’ Page 234 |‘strange silence’ page 193 |

| |‘deadly silence’ page 245. |‘Silence charged’ page 343 |

|The heroine climbs into the bunker to find something unpleasant. |Sade climbs into the bunker to find that the floor is flooded. |Olanna climbs into the bunker to find a snake and crickets. |

|The heroine cries/screams in the bunker. |Sade cries in the bunker. |Olanna screams in the bunker. |

| |She thinks of a grave. |She thinks of a grave. |

| |Page: 234 |Page: 261 |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 35 | | |

|An adult watches children play with ammunition. |Sade sees Jude and Oyibo quarrel over the ownership of a spent hand |Richard watches a Biafran toddler playing with old shrapnel. |

| |grenade. |Pages: 310, 311 |

| |Page: 236 | |

|The heroine feeds the children on relief food. |Sade gives the children powdered milk. |Olanna goes to the relief centre to queue for egg yolk. She is told |

| |They rely on Red Cross food supplies. |to join a queue for milk. |

| |Pages: 236, 238 |She relies on the relief food. |

| | |Page: 267, 269 |

|Before the fall of Umuahia the family meals are prepared on make |Sade joins Emeka’s sisters in the make shift kitchen outside. |Olanna joins Ugwu in the make shift kitchen outside. |

|shift wood fires outside. |Page: 237 | |

|The women sit on cement blocks | |Page: |

| |SADE |HAYS |

|SIMILARITIES IN CHAPTER 36 | | |

|The heroine’s husband/twin goes missing towards the end of the war. |Emeka goes missing towards the end of the war. |Kainene goes missing towards the end of the war. Richard and Olanna |

| |The Red Cross fail to find him. |fail to find her. |

| |Page: 249 | |

|The heroine’s mother leaves Nigeria for England. |Sade’s mother leaves Nigeria for England. |Olanna’s mother leaves Nigeria for England |

| |Page: 247 | |

|The heroine’s escape with her child before the fall of Umuahia. |Sade escapes the fall of Umuahia. |Olanna excapes the fall of Umuahia. |

|Clothes are donated to the heroine. |Sade goes to London with her child. |Olanna returns to Nsukka with her child. |

|The heroine is left cold. |Sade is given clothes by the Red Cross. |Olanna’s friend gives her clothes. |

| |Sade felt embarrassed that she did not have a winter coat and the |Olanna felt that having her bank account taken was like being |

| |clothes she wore were ill fitting and obviously second hand. |undressed and left shivering in the cold. |

| |Sade shivers in the cold. |Page: 432 |

| | | |

| |Page: 247, 248 | |

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